Forearm muscle oxidative capacity index predicts sport rock-climbing performance

Abstract: Rock-climbing performance is largely dependent on the endurance of the forearm flexors. Recently, it was reported that forearm flexor endurance in elite climbers is independent of the ability to regulate conduit artery (brachial) blood flow, suggesting that endurance is not primarily dependent on the ability of the brachial artery to deliver oxygen, but rather the ability of the muscle to perfuse and use oxygen, i.e., skeletal muscle oxidative capacity. Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine whether an index of oxidative capacity in the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) predicts the best sport climbing red-point grade within the last 6 months. Participants consisted of 46 sport climbers with a range of abilities. Methods: Using near-infrared spectroscopy, the oxidative capacity index of the FDP was assessed by calculating the half-time for tissue oxygen resaturation (O2HTR) following 3–5 min of ischemia. Results: Linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and training experience, revealed a 1-s decrease in O2HTR was associated with an increase in red-point grade by 0.65 (95 % CI 0.35–0.94, Adj R2 = 0.53). Conclusions: Considering a grade of 0.4 separated the top four competitors in the 2015 International Federation Sport Climbing World Cup, this finding suggests that forearm flexor oxidative capacity index is an important determinant of rock-climbing performance

Resistance Training Prevents Muscle Loss Induced by Caloric Restriction in Obese Elderly Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

It remains unclear as to what extent resistance training (RT) can attenuate muscle loss during caloric restriction (CR) interventions in humans. The objective here is to address if RT could attenuate muscle loss induced by CR in obese elderly individuals, through summarized effects of previous studies. Databases MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science were used to perform a systematic search between July and August 2017. Were included in the review randomized clinical trials (RCT) comparing the effects of CR with (CRRT) or without RT on lean body mass (LBM), fat body mass (FBM), and total body mass (BM), measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, on obese elderly individuals. The six RCTs included in the review applied RT three times per week, for 12 to 24 weeks, and most CR interventions followed diets of 55% carbohydrate, 15% protein, and 30% fat. RT reduced 93.5% of CR-induced LBM loss (0.819 kg [0.364 to 1.273]), with similar reduction in FBM and BM, compared with CR. Furthermore, to address muscle quality, the change in strength/LBM ratio tended to be different (p = 0.07) following CRRT (20.9 ± 23.1%) and CR interventions (−7.5 ± 9.9%). Our conclusion is that CRRT is able to prevent almost 100% of CR-induced muscle loss, while resulting in FBM and BM reductions that do not significantly differ from CR

GEDAE-LaB: A Free Software to Calculate the Energy System Contributions during Exercise.

PURPOSE:The aim of the current study is to describe the functionality of free software developed for energy system contributions and energy expenditure calculation during exercise, namely GEDAE-LaB. METHODS:Eleven participants performed the following tests: 1) a maximal cycling incremental test to measure the ventilatory threshold and maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max); 2) a cycling workload constant test at moderate domain (90% ventilatory threshold); 3) a cycling workload constant test at severe domain (110% V̇O2max). Oxygen uptake and plasma lactate were measured during the tests. The contributions of the aerobic (AMET), anaerobic lactic (LAMET), and anaerobic alactic (ALMET) systems were calculated based on the oxygen uptake during exercise, the oxygen energy equivalents provided by lactate accumulation, and the fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, respectively. In order to assess the intra-investigator variation, four different investigators performed the analyses independently using GEDAE-LaB. A direct comparison with commercial software was also provided. RESULTS:All subjects completed 10 min of exercise at moderate domain, while the time to exhaustion at severe domain was 144 ± 65 s. The AMET, LAMET, and ALMET contributions during moderate domain were about 93, 2, and 5%, respectively. The AMET, LAMET, and ALMET contributions during severe domain were about 66, 21, and 13%, respectively. No statistical differences were found between the energy system contributions and energy expenditure obtained by GEDAE-LaB and commercial software for both moderate and severe domains (P > 0.05). The ICC revealed that these estimates were highly reliable among the four investigators for both moderate and severe domains (all ICC ≥ 0.94). CONCLUSION:These findings suggest that GEDAE-LaB is a free software easily comprehended by users minimally familiarized with adopted procedures for calculations of energetic profile using oxygen uptake and lactate accumulation during exercise. By providing availability of the software and its source code we hope to facilitate future related research

Acute low- compared to high-load resistance training to failure results in greater energy expenditure during exercise in healthy young men.

The objective of the present study was to verify the energy expenditure (EE), energy system contributions and autonomic control during and after an acute low-load or high-load resistance training (RT) protocol to momentary failure (MF) in young adults. Eleven young men (22 ± 3 yrs, 71.8 ± 7.7 kg; 1.75 ± 0.06 m) underwent a randomized crossover design of three knee extension acute protocols: a low-load RT [30% of their maximal strength (1RM); RT30] or a high-load RT (80% of 1RM; RT80) protocol, with all sets being performed to MF; or a control session (Control) without exercise. Participants were measured for EE, energy system contributions, and cardiac autonomic control before, during, and after each exercise session. Exercise EE was significantly higher for RT30 as compared to RT80. Furthermore, post measurements of blood lactate levels and the anaerobic lactic system contribution were significantly greater for RT30 as compared to RT80. In addition, parasympathetic restoration was lower for RT30 as compared to RT80. In conclusion, a low-load (30% 1RM) RT session produced higher EE during exercise than a high-load (80% 1RM) RT session to MF, and may be a good option for fitness professionals, exercise physiologists, and practitioners when choosing the optimal RT protocol that provides more EE, especially for those who want or need to lose weight

Templates of the GEDAE-LaB for input of physiological data.

<p>These templates are used to calculate aerobic (panel A), anaerobic alactic (panel B), and anaerobic lactic (panel C) systems contributions, as well as output data of energetic profile and energy expenditure amount (panel D) during severe domain.</p

Reinventando práticas de enfermagem na educação em saúde: teatro com idosos Reinventando las prácticas de enfermería en la educación para la salud: el teatro con ancianos Reinventing nursing practice in health education: theater with elderly

O estudo apresenta como objetivo elaborar uma intervenção de enfermagem em educação em saúde, com enfoque na promoção à saúde de um grupo de idosos, utilizando como ferramenta as artes cênicas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação, realizada a partir de encontros semanais, definidos previamente, em espaço reservado. Nos encontros, foram trabalhadas as seguintes temáticas: acolhimento; Construção das histórias de vida; Retirando máscaras; Viajando na imaginação/diversidade dos cenários; Trabalhando a emoção - comunicação não verbal; Trabalho corporal - movimentação no palco; Fazendo caras e bocas; Oficina de personagens; Ensaiando uma peça teatral - "O que a vida me ensinou e o que posso lhe adiantar". O teatro se mostrou um excelente instrumento de empoderamento da população idosa, a partir da valorização de suas experiências de vida.<br>El estudio tiene como objetivo elaborar una intervención de enfermería en educación para la salud, centrándose en la promoción de la salud de un grupo de personas mayores, utilizando como herramienta el arte escénico. Se trata de una investigación-acción, llevada a cabo a través de reuniones semanales, establecidas previamente en un espacio reservado. En las reuniones fueron explorados los siguientes temas: Acogida; La construcción de historias de vida; Extracción de máscaras; Viaje en la imaginación/diversidad de los escenarios; Trabajando las emociones - comunicación no verbal; Trabajo del cuerpo - movimiento en el escenario; haciendo caras y bocas; talleres de los personajes; Ensayando un acto teatral - Lo que la vida me enseñó y lo que le puedo ayudar. El teatro resultó en una excelente herramienta para el empoderamiento de la población anciana, con base en el valor de sus experiencias de vida.<br>The study has as a goal, elaborate a nursing intervention in health education, focusing on health promotion from a group of elderly people using arts as tool. This is an action research, conducted through weekly meetings, previously defined in placeholder. In the meetings the following themes were explored: Reception; construction of life histories; Removing masks; Traveling in imagination/ diversity of scenarios; Working the emotion: nonverbal communication; Body work: moving on the stage; Making faces; Shop characters; Rehearsing a theater play - what life has taught me and what you can anticipate. The theatre showed an excellent way in the empowerment of the elderly population from the recovery and their life experiences