Pengaruh Campuran Feses Sapi Potong Dan Feses Kuda Pada Proses Pengomposan Terhadap Kualitas Kompos

This study aims to determine compost quality (content of N, P2O5, K2O) generated from various mixtures of beef cattle feces and the feces of horses. The method used in this study is the experimental method in the laboratory using a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, ie P1 = C / N ratio of 25, P2 = C / N ratio of 30 and P3 = C / N ratio of 35 and replications 6 times. To determine the effect of treatments, data were analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan test. The results showed that the mixture of feces of beef cattle and horse feces with various C / N ratio did not significantly affect the quality of compost. N content in compost produced = 0.7867 to 0.8000%, P2O5 content = 0.5883 to 0.6000%, K2O = 0.5733 to 0.5883

Dominion cartoon satire as trench culture narratives: complaints, endurance and stoicism

Although Dominion soldiers’ Great War field publications are relatively well known, the way troops created cartoon multi-panel formats in some of them has been neglected as a record of satirical social observation. Visual narrative humour provides a ‘bottom-up’ perspective for journalistic observations that in many cases capture the spirit of the army in terms of stoicism, buoyed by a culture of internal complaints. Troop concerns expressed in the early comic strips of Australians, Canadians, New Zealanders and British were similar. They shared a collective editorial purpose of morale boosting among the ranks through the use of everyday narratives that elevated the anti-heroism of the citizen soldier, portrayed as a transnational everyman in the service of empire. The regenerative value of disparagement humour provided a redefinition of courage as the very act of endurance on the Western Front

An In-Flight Experimental Investigation of Helicopter Main Rotor/Tail Rotor Interactions

Experience had shown that the fidelity of the yaw control characteristics of the computer simulation models used at DRA Bedford and elsewhere was not up to the standard required for ACT control law development. It was therefore decided that the DRA model, Helistab, should be improved in this respect and a research activity initiated. In the absence of suitable published information or detailed data on the performance of the tail rotor, two experimental flight test programmes were conducted, the first with a Puma, the second with a Lynx AH Mk5. This dissertation describes the planning and conduct of the second experiment and the analysis of the data collected in both. Building on the DRA's considerable experience in main rotor research, the instrumented tail rotor blade for the Lynx was designed to make use of the Pressure Indicator Sensor technique which, provided that the local in-plane velocity is known, permits the local blade loading to be estimated from the pressures read at two points on the upper surface leading and trailing edges of the blade. The lack of this velocity information for the tail rotor presents problems, solutions to which are discussed. With the aircraft experimental installation completed, it was flown for fifteen hours, during which time data on over 1200 flight conditions were collected from within the Lynx low speed flight envelope. New techniques had to be developed to allow efficient analysis of this large database so that the information contained therein could be extracted. From the initial analysis of the data it was determined that the Lynx AH Mk5 low speed flight envelope can be sub-divided into six regions. In each of these regions, the mechanism of main rotor/tail rotor interaction is different. One or more flight conditions in each region were selected for in-depth analysis so that the detail of the mechanisms could be determined. Each interaction is covered in turn. Once the predominant mechanisms of the main rotor/tail rotor interaction were isolated, their respective effects on the yaw performance of the helicopter could be assessed and a decision taken as to whether or not they should be included in the model. The dominant interaction, that taking place in quartering flight, should be included in all tail rotor models. This effect has been modelled and, when included in Helistab, the trim results obtained show a marked improvement over those previously available. The remaining interactions are not so significant and their inclusion would depend on the detail required in the model and the purpose for which it was intended. The Lynx AH Mk5 experiment is seen as the first part of a comparative study: an additional trial with a Lynx AH Mk7, in which the tail rotor rotates in the opposite direction, is proposed as the second. The instrumented tail rotor blade designed for that aircraft includes an extra sensor that should enable the in-plane velocity to be determined. In addition to the model improvements, this research has suggested the use of cyclic control of tail rotor pitch to improve tail rotor efficiency. The use of this control technique has the potential to expand the low speed flight envelope, though it could only be incorporated as part of a helicopter ACT system. It is recommended that tail rotor cyclic control, and some other aspects of tail rotor performance highlighted by this present research programme, be more fully investigated in the future

Public Preschool Programs in Maine: Four Case Studies of Quality Programs

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This is a follow-up to the report Public Preschool Programs in Maine: Current Status and Characteristics, submitted as part of the 2014/2015 EPS Commission work, as well as the 2014/2015 Maine Education Policy Research Institute (MEPRI) work plan. This report presents case studies of four quality Pre-K programs identified through previous superintendent and Pre- K teacher surveys, and analysis of data from the State Longitudinal Data System. Pre-K programs were selected based on the extent to which they were already addressing the Chapter 124 standards, as well as their historical pattern of future student performance on state testing (controlling for student demographic factors such as free/reduced lunch status, ELL, special education placement, etc). Programs were also selected to reflect geographic, demographic, and programmatic variation Case studies were conducted by MEPRI in spring 2015 with the purpose of illustrating the characteristics and features of several quality Pre-K programs, and to present some of the challenges and solutions they have addressed. Case studies were based on site visits conducted at each school. Site visits included a classroom observation and interviews with the school principal and teacher in order to inquire about the history, implementation, challenges and perceived advantages of including Pre-K within the elementary schools. Not surprisingly, programs are aware of the Chapter 124 regulations and are taking steps to be ready for the changes. Nevertheless, participating schools reported making trade-offs with regard to space, schedule, staffing and curriculum in order to balance resources and regulations with local community needs. In general, indoor spaces are more compliant than outdoor spaces. Special classes are available in these schools, but some teachers value the flexibility to choose which ones to access given the children in the group, the developmental demands of the classes, and the available schedule. Transportation is a concern for those programs not currently offering that service. Programs that are close to or over the 16 student class-size limit acknowledge the conflicting struggle between recognizing that smaller classrooms allow more individualized teaching and learning, and concern that limiting class size may result in families no longer being able to access Pre-K. Administratively, principals for these schools are highly supportive of Pre-K. They see social and academic benefits for children from having the programs in the schools. They appreciate the unique characteristics of 4-year olds and the specialized skills needed by teachers The Pre-K teachers for all of these programs report high levels of involvement and concern regarding their students and families. This can involve exceptional extra time and energy in working with families, as well as partnering with fellow faculty regarding ongoing curriculum changes and transition into kindergarten. In this regard, professional development is taking many forms. In part this can reflect Pre-K and larger school schedules. Some Pre-K programs are scheduled in ways that support professional development opportunities for the teachers, while others are scheduled in ways that increase access for children but limit participation of teachers in school-wide planning. Similarly, some professional development supports the curriculum work of whole schools (including Pre-K) while in other schools, the Pre-K professional development is structured separately. Regardless, teachers report appreciating professional development opportunities, particularly in response to ongoing changes in K-12 that also impact Pre-K. Specifically, as schools move toward proficiency-based learning and assessment, new implications arise for how Pre-K programs collaborate with kindergarten and transition children into kindergarten. Collaboration and coordinated professional development may help in this regard. Schools are reportedly more aware of Chapter 124 than of the new Maine Early Learning and Development Standards. Teachers and administrators will also need professional development about the new standards and guidance on assessing progress toward the standards within the context of proficiency-based assessment. All programs report high achievement of children in Pre-K but given the range of assessment measures and curricula used, it impossible to exam in depth across sites. While highly valued, local funding will reportedly impact the numbers of children served in Pre- K. Currently, children are not turned away from the programs visited for this report. However, in order to accomplish this other district programs were used at times and in some cases class size exceeded the recommended limit of 16 children. Administrators are concerned about limiting access to families now that Pre-K is viewed as a core part of these schools. Furthermore, most v communities are experiencing some degree of budget cuts, which affects the long-term stability of Pre-K programs, even in those communities with very long-standing commitments to early childhood. Finally, principals and teachers in both urban and rural districts expressed concern about delays between referral for screening and receipt of special education services from CDS. It was reportedly particularly frustrating for those schools that had service personnel in the school and availability in the schedule, but were still unable to have those children served

Transformative sensemaking: Development in Whose Image? Keyan Tomaselli and the semiotics of visual representation

The defining and distinguishing feature of homo sapiens is its ability to make sense of the world, i.e. to use its intellect to understand and change both itself and the world of which it is an integral part. It is against this backdrop that this essay reviews Tomaselli's 1996 text, Appropriating Images: The Semiotics of Visual Representation/ by summarizing his key perspectives, clarifying his major operational concepts and citing particular portions from his work in support of specific perspectives on sense-making. Subsequently, this essay employs his techniques of sense-making to interrogate the notion of "development". This exercise examines and confirms two interrelated hypotheses: first, a semiotic analysis of the privileged notion of "development" demonstrates its metaphysical/ ideological, and thus limiting, nature especially vis-a-vis the marginalized, excluded, and the collective other, the so-called Developing Countries. Second, the interrogative nature of semiotics allows for an alternative reading and application of human potential or skills in the quest of a more humane social and global order, highlighting thereby the transformative implications of a reflexive epistemology.Web of Scienc

Leukemogenesis Induced by an Activating β-catenin mutation in Osteoblasts

Cells of the osteoblast lineage affect homing, 1, 2 number of long term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) 3, 4, HSC mobilization and lineage determination and B lymphopoiesis 5-8. More recently osteoblasts were implicated in pre-leukemic conditions in mice 9, 10. Yet, it has not been shown that a single genetic event taking place in osteoblasts can induce leukemogenesis. We show here that in mice, an activating mutation of β-catenin in osteoblasts alters the differentiation potential of myeloid and lymphoid progenitors leading to development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with common chromosomal aberrations and cell autonomous progression. Activated β- catenin stimulates expression of the Notch ligand Jagged-1 in osteoblasts. Subsequent activation of Notch signaling in HSC progenitors induces the malignant changes. Demonstrating the pathogenetic role of the Notch pathway, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling ameliorates AML. Nuclear accumulation and increased β-catenin signaling in osteoblasts was also identified in 38% of patients with MDS/AML. These patients showed increased Notch signaling in hematopoietic cells. These findings demonstrate that genetic alterations in osteoblasts can induce AML, identify molecular signals leading to this transformation and suggest a potential novel pharmacotherapeutic approach to AML

Establishing a composite neonatal adverse outcome indicator using English hospital administrative data.

OBJECTIVE: We adapted a composite neonatal adverse outcome indicator (NAOI), originally derived in Australia, and assessed its feasibility and validity as an outcome indicator in English administrative hospital data. DESIGN: We used Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) data containing information infants born in the English National Health Service (NHS) between 1 April 2014 and 31 March 2015. The Australian NAOI was mapped to diagnoses and procedure codes used within HES and modified to reflect data quality and neonatal health concerns in England. To investigate the concurrent validity of the English NAOI (E-NAOI), rates of NAOI components were compared with population-based studies. To investigate the predictive validity of the E-NAOI, rates of readmission and death in the first year of life were calculated for infants with and without E-NAOI components. RESULTS: The analysis included 484 007 (81%) of the 600 963 eligible babies born during the timeframe. 114/148 NHS trusts passed data quality checks and were included in the analysis. The modified E-NAOI included 23 components (16 diagnoses and 7 procedures). Among liveborn infants, 5.4% had at least one E-NAOI component recorded before discharge. Among newborns discharged alive, the E-NAOI was associated with a significantly higher risk of death (0.81% vs 0.05%; p<0.001) and overnight hospital readmission (15.7% vs 7.1%; p<0.001) in the first year of life. CONCLUSIONS: A composite NAOI can be derived from English hospital administrative data. This E-NAOI demonstrates good concurrent and predictive validity in the first year of life. It is a cost-effective way to monitor neonatal outcomes

Liveable Open Public Space - From Flaneur to Cyborg

Open public spaces have always been key elements of the city. Now they are also crucial for mixed reality. It is the main carrier of urban life, place for socialization, where users rest, have fun and talk. Moreover, “Seeing others and being seen” is a condition of socialization. Intensity of life in public spaces provides qualities like safety, comfort and attractiveness. Furthermore, open public spaces represent a spatial framework for meetings and multileveled interactions, and should include virtual flows, stimulating merging of physical and digital reality. Aim of the chapter is to present a critical analysis of public open spaces, aspects of their social role and liveability. It will also suggest how new technologies, in a mixed reality world, may enhance design approaches and upgrade the relationship between a user and his surroundings. New technologies are necessary for obtaining physical/digital spaces, becoming playable and liveable which will encourage walking, cycling, standing and interacting. Hence, they will attract more citizens and visitors, assure a healthy environment, quality of life and sociability. Public space, acting as an open book of the history of the city and of its future, should play a new role, being a place of reference for the flaneur/cyborg citizen personal and social life. The key result is a framework for understanding the particular importance of cyberparks in contemporary urban life in order to better adapt technologies in the modern urban life needs

Interaction between Myelodysplasia-Related Gene Mutations and Ontogeny in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Accurate classification and risk stratification are critical for clinical decision making in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In the newly proposed World Health Organization and International Consensus classifications of hematolymphoid neoplasms, the presence of myelodysplasia-related (MR) gene mutations is included as 1 of the diagnostic criteria for AML, AML-MR, based largely on the assumption that these mutations are specific for AML with an antecedent myelodysplastic syndrome. ICC also prioritizes MR gene mutations over ontogeny (as defined in the clinical history). Furthermore, European LeukemiaNet (ELN) 2022 stratifies these MR gene mutations into the adverse-risk group. By thoroughly annotating a cohort of 344 newly diagnosed patients with AML treated at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, we show that ontogeny assignments based on the database registry lack accuracy. MR gene mutations are frequently observed in de novo AML. Among the MR gene mutations, only EZH2 and SF3B1 were associated with an inferior outcome in the univariate analysis. In a multivariate analysis, AML ontogeny had independent prognostic values even after adjusting for age, treatment, allo-transplant and genomic classes or ELN risks. Ontogeny also helped stratify the outcome of AML with MR gene mutations. Finally, de novo AML with MR gene mutations did not show an adverse outcome. In summary, our study emphasizes the importance of accurate ontogeny designation in clinical studies, demonstrates the independent prognostic value of AML ontogeny, and questions the current classification and risk stratification of AML with MR gene mutations