Personality Merchandising in Nigeria: Prospects and Challenges

Personality merchandising is an emerging area of advertisement in Nigeria with legal connotations. The endorsement of a product or service by a well known personality has superior commercial advantage which has been offered legal protection internationally and in developed countries. The aim of this paper is to examine the legal protection of personality merchandising in Nigeria especially as it relates to personality right and to identify the challenges posed by endorsement of a product by a celebrity with the view of proffering recommendations that will enhance publicity values attached to celebrity personae. Keywords: merchandising, celebrity, publicity, privacy, personality

Performers’ Rights and Evolution of Performance in Nigeria

Performers’ right in musical performance, dramatic performance, reading or recitation of literary act or any similar presentation has been given international recognition in many international treaties. Sections 26 – 30 of the Nigerian Copyright Act, 2004 domesticate this right when it vest on performers’ the exclusive right to control their live performances amongst others. The aim of this article is to examine the evolution of performance and performers’ rights in Nigeria, appraise the basic provisions of the Copyright Act on performers’ rights and highlight the gaps in the law with the view of proffering recommendations for legal reform. Keywords: performer, performance, musical, dramatic and literary

Emphasizing Landscape Elements as Important Components of a Sustainable Built Environment in Nigeria

Many residential areas in the built environment in the developing countries with reference to Nigeria are generally unattractive and lack basic landscape elements. Landscape elements encompass both natural and artificial features used to create a befitting visual presentation within the built environment; as such its role cannot be overemphasized. In line with the ethos of sustainable development, sustainability is an important concept in today’s urban planning, as such landscaping can be used to play a revitalizing role in the continued depletion and degradation of the natural environment. This paper examines the poor state of many residential areas in the built environment in Nigeria and the impact on the physical outlook. It further discusses landscape elements and their use in the built environment and the benefits of landscaping to a sustainable built environment. Using a case study approach the study looks at two residential housing estates in Akure, Nigeria to ascertain the extent to which landscaping elements have been used. The case study established that landscaping elements do not exist in many parts of the estates and where there is, lack adequate maintenance. The paper concludes that landscaping plays a vital role in achieving a sustainable built environment and therefore need to be incorporated in the Nigerian built environment. Keywords: Built Environment, Landscape Elements, Landscaping, Sustainabilit

Communal Facilities and Residential Neighbourhoods in Akure, Nigeria

Availability of communal facilities within the neighbourhoods helps to meet various social needs. At the same time satisfies current needs of the local communities without exerting strain on the existing facilities to the detriment of future demand. The focus of this paper is on communal facilities in selected residential estates in Akure, the capital city of Ondo state, Nigeria. Using the primary and secondary sources of data collection, the paper takes a critical look at the importance of communal facilities in neighbourhoods and examines the adequacy of communal facilities in residential areas in Nigeria. Two residential estates in Akure namely: Alagbaka and Ijapo estates were studied through the use of questionnaire and direct observations, to elicit relevant data relating to social, economic and environmental variables. Data obtained were collated and findings from empirical survey presented in the single factor descriptive analysis. Findings from the study affirm that the communal facilities available within the study area were inadequate. The paper recommends public enlightenment, environmental education, upgrading of existing facilities to acceptable standard. Keywords: Communal Facilities, Neighbourhood, Residential Estates, Housin

Investigating the Relevance of Cultural Landscapes in Tourism Experience in Abeokuta

Tourism is a modern global phenomenon, and the synergy between this phenomenon and cultural landscapes has increased the demand at both local and international levels. This paper investigates the relationship between cultural landscape and tourism, especially in Abeokuta, Ogun State. This is on the premise of bringing about sustainable development in tourism, thereby enhancing the cultural and economic values of the site. The study is important as it provides a medium for the assessment of Abeokuta cultural landscapes, and relates the influencing factors with the assessment results. This was carried out through a critical review of existing literature on cultural landscapes and the inseparable link with tourism, as well as an empirical investigation using the quantitative method of data collection through questionnaire survey on all stakeholders in the tourism industry in Abeokuta. The data generated from the survey were analyzed and results were expressed in percentages. The findings revealed that cultural landscapes actually have a positive input regarding sustainable development, and also have immense contributions towards the wellbeing of man. It also brought to limelight, the factors contributing to the quality of landscapes in Abeokuta. The paper therefore strongly recommends that adequate information should be made available to all stakeholders to improve their interest and participation, which brings about effective management, and subsequently, sustainable tourism. Keywords: Cultural Landscape, Abeokuta, Sustainable Tourism, Tourists Sites. DOI: 10.7176/JTHS/55-04 Publication date:March 31st 202

Strategies for Mitigating Building Collapse in Nigeria: Roles of Architects and Other Stakeholders in the Building Industry

Collapse of buildings is one of the several failures of building projects and results either in loss of lives, properties and in some cases both. Often times the professionals in the building industry made up of Architects, Engineers, Planners, Quantity Surveyors, Land Surveyors, Estate Surveyors, Town Planners,  Builders and Project Manager trade blames on who should be held responsible for the failure. Many factors can be adduced to the continuous occurrences of building collapse which, include inadequate monitoring of construction sites by government officials as a result of the vast and fast pace of developments in many Nigerian urban centres; as well as the use of substandard materials, improper soil investigations, bad design and supervision, poor quality construction and poor funding by clients. Using the secondary source of data collection, the paper discusses the roles the architect could play both in practice and in architectural education in mitigating building collapse. Findings reveal that mitigation of building collapse can be achieved in Nigeria through collaborative efforts of all stakeholders involved and concludes that architectural education could serve a supportive role. Keywords: Architects, Architectural Education, Building Collapse, Mitigation, Nigeri

Estimating Geo-Mechanical Strength of Reservoir Rocks from Well Logs for Safety Limits in Sand-Free Production

Hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation does not only require the knowledge of hydrocarbon in-place, however, mechanical competency of the reservoir rock must also be known. The direct method of inferring S- and P-wave velocities from seismic data usually has limitation of poor resolution because of the uncertainty in seismic inversion which may also affect other derivatives. An analytical method is presented with the possibility of predicting shear wave velocity from wireline log data where S-wave sonic logs do not exist. By estimating S-wave velocity, formation geo-mechanical properties can be calculated using P-wave sonic and density logs with appropriate equations. Elastic constants such as Poisson Ratio, Young’s, Shear and Bulk moduli which are the parameters for characterizing rock mechanical properties were estimated and used to predict the mechanical competency of the formation for hydrocarbon exploration. Well planning demands knowledge of these geo-mechanical properties which can be used to estimate the pressures required to initiate a fracture into a formation for the safety of the personnel and equipment, in particular minimizing the associated risks. In this paper, firstly we investigate the possibility to predict the shear velocity from well logs, and then Elastic moduli calculated from the log data can therefore be used effectively in predicting safety limits in sand-free production from friable sandstones. The results of this study shows that the combined modulus of strength (K) and the shear modulus (S) to compressibility (c) ratio (S/c) for the formation are relatively low. The average value of K is lower than the threshold value indicating the minimum value at which fluids may be produced safely at any rate but falls within the range which generally represents a condition in which the problem of sand production should not arise below a certain optimum flow rate. Average value of S/c ratio is lower but tends towards acceptable range. Keywords: Mechanical competency, predicting shear wave velocity, elastic constants, well planning, combined modulus of strength, shear modulus to compressibility ratio

Promoting Tourism in Araromi, Ondo State through the Integration of Bamboo, Stone, and Laterite in Beach Resort Architecture

The tourism industry is an essential driver of economic growth as it draws in tourists to explore diverse destinations and engage in various experiences. Even so, the tourism sector in Nigeria is presently underdeveloped and makes a negligible contribution to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This inquiry focuses on Araromi, a locality in Ilaje, Ondo State, Nigeria, renowned for possessing the most extensive coastal stretch in the nation. The study puts forth a proposition for a beach resort design that is both sustainable and economically feasible, incorporating bamboo, stone, and laterite. The study investigates the advantages and modern methods of using indigenous materials, specifically bamboo, stone, and laterite, in building design by carrying out three case studies and collecting and analysing data from 60 questionnaires. Araromi region boasts an abundant and readily available supply of these materials. Results suggest that Stabilised Compressed Earth Blocks (SCEBs) made from bamboo, stone, and laterite can be viable substitutes for steel and concrete in non-structural elements. Integrating these materials can reduce construction and maintenance expenses while providing the beach resort with a unique traditional appearance that may appeal to visitors and promote tourism in Araromi, in Ondo State. The study points out the potential of bamboo, stone, and laterite as fundamental constituents in sustainable design, fostering economic progress through tourism promotion. Building designs in Araromi can exhibit the region's cultural heritage while providing a distinctive and eco-friendly experience for tourists by efficiently using the available natural resources. The use of these indigenous materials will promote the advancement of Nigeria's tourism sector. Keywords: Araromi. Beach Resort Architecture, Economic Development, Indigenous Materials, Tourism Promotion DOI: 10.7176/JTHS/64-06 Publication date: May 30th 202