116 research outputs found
Equity and bond flows to Asia and Latin America : the role of global and country factors
The authors investigate what has motivated the large portfolio flows to several developing countries in recent years. Using monthly data on U.S. capital flows to nine Latin American and nine Asian countries (instead of monthly reserves data), they analyze the behavior of bond and equity flows to those countries. Using panel data, they find that global factors - such as a drop in U.S. interest rates and the slowdown in U.S. industrial production - are important in explaining capital inflows. But country developments are at least as important in determining those flows, especially for Asia. They also find that equity flows are more sensitive than bond flows to global factors, but that bond flows are generally more sensitive to a country's credit rating and to the secondary market price of debt.Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Intermediation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Macroeconomic Management
What Drives Different Types of Capital Flows and their Volatilities in Developing Asia?
Understanding the determinants of capital inflows is essential to designing an effective policy framework to manage volatile capital flows and their disruptive potential. This paper aims to identify factors that explain the size and volatility of various types of capital flows to developing Asia, vis-à-vis other emerging market economies. The estimates for a panel dataset show that per capita income growth, trade openness, and change in stock market capitalization are important determinants of capital inflows to developing Asia. Trade openness increases the volatility of all types of capital inflows; while change in stock market capitalization, global liquidity growth and institutional quality lowers the volatility. A regional factor plays an important role in determining the size and volatility of capital inflows in emerging Europe and emerging Latin America, suggesting that regional economic cooperation and policy coordination may be an important element in designing a policy framework to manage capital inflows
By Choice and by Necessity: Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment in the Developing World
Seismic response of arch dams considering infinite radiation damping and joint opening effects
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Construction of Lasso Peptide Fusion Proteins
Lasso
peptides are a family of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally
modified peptides (RiPPs) typified by an isopeptide-bonded macrocycle
between the peptide N-terminus and an aspartate or glutamate side
chain. The C-terminal portion of the peptide threads through the N-terminal
macrocycle to give the characteristic lasso fold. Because of the inherent
stability, both proteolytic and often thermal, of lasso peptides,
we became interested in whether proteins could be fused to the free
C-terminus of lasso peptides. Here, we demonstrate fusion of two model
proteins, the artificial leucine zipper A1 and the superfolder variant
of GFP, to the C-terminus of the lasso peptide astexin-1. Successful
lasso cyclization of the N-terminus of these fusion proteins requires
a flexible linker in between the C-terminus of the lasso peptide and
the N-terminus of the protein of interest. The ability to fuse lasso
peptides to a protein of interest is an important step toward phage
and bacterial display systems for the high-throughput screening of
lasso peptide libraries for new functions
Diagenetic paths in the margin of a Triassic Basin: NW zone of the Iberian Chain, Spain
Buntsandstein deposits generated in a slowly
subsiding basin on the western margin of the Iberian
Chain are represented by a stratigraphic succession of
fluvial deposits less than 100 m thick (conglomerates,
sandstones, and shales). Diagenetic processes in sandstones
can be grouped as eodiagenetic, mesodiagenetic,
and telodiagenetic. Eodiagenesis can be associated
with Muschelkalk, Keuper, and probably early Jurassic
times. Mesodiagenesis is probably related to
Jurassic times. Diagenetic chemical reactions suggest a
maximum burial less than 1.5 km and low temperatures
(<120ºC). Patterns of porosity reduction by
compaction and cementation suggest four diagenetic
stages: (1) Loss of primary porosity by early
mechanical compaction; (2) early cementation (Kfeldspar
and dolomite); (3) dissolution of cements; and
(4) framework collapse by re-compaction. These stages
are manifested by the presence of two types of sandstone.
Type I sandstones present high intergranular
volume (mean, 30%). Type II sandstones are characterized
by high compactional porosity loss and exhibit
low values of intergranular volume (mean, 16.9%).
Type II sandstones are associated with the dissolution
of cement and later re-compaction of type I sandstones.
An intermediate telodiagenetic phase is deduced
and related to the sharp unconformity between
Lower Cretaceous sediments and the underlying sediments.
This suggests that a mechanically unstable
framework collapsed during the Cretaceous, generating
type II sandstones. The analyzed diagenetic paths have
a wide applicability on similar marginal areas of rift
basins
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