17 research outputs found
Methanol Oxidation at Platinum Coated Black Titania Nanotubes and Titanium Felt Electrodes
Optimized Pt-based methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) anodes are essential for commercial direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) and methanol electrolyzers for hydrogen production. High surface area Ti supports are known to increase Pt catalytic activity and utilization. Pt has been deposited on black titania nanotubes (bTNTs), Ti felts and, for comparison, Ti foils by a galvanic deposition process, whereby Pt(IV) from a chloroplatinate solution is spontaneously reduced to metallic Pt (at 65 âŠC) onto chemically reduced (by CaH2) TNTs (resulting in bTNTs), chemically etched (HCl + NaF) Ti felts and grinded Ti foils. All Pt/Ti-based electrodes prepared by this method showed enhanced intrinsic catalytic activity towards MOR when compared to Pt and other Pt/Ti-based catalysts. The very high/high mass specific activity of Pt/bTNTs (ca 700 mA mgPtâ1 at the voltammetric peak of 5 mV sâ1 in 0.5 M MeOH) and of Pt/Ti-felt (ca 60 mA mgPtâ1, accordingly) make these electrodes good candidates for MOR anodes and/or reactive Gas Diffusion Layer Electrodes (GDLEs) in DMFCs and/or methanol electrolysis cells
Methanol Oxidation at Platinum Coated Black Titania Nanotubes and Titanium Felt Electrodes
Optimized Pt-based methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) anodes are essential for commercial direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) and methanol electrolyzers for hydrogen production. High surface area Ti supports are known to increase Pt catalytic activity and utilization. Pt has been deposited on black titania nanotubes (bTNTs), Ti felts and, for comparison, Ti foils by a galvanic deposition process, whereby Pt(IV) from a chloroplatinate solution is spontaneously reduced to metallic Pt (at 65 âŠC) onto chemically reduced (by CaH2) TNTs (resulting in bTNTs), chemically etched (HCl + NaF) Ti felts and grinded Ti foils. All Pt/Ti-based electrodes prepared by this method showed enhanced intrinsic catalytic activity towards MOR when compared to Pt and other Pt/Ti-based catalysts. The very high/high mass specific activity of Pt/bTNTs (ca 700 mA mgPtâ1 at the voltammetric peak of 5 mV sâ1 in 0.5 M MeOH) and of Pt/Ti-felt (ca 60 mA mgPtâ1, accordingly) make these electrodes good candidates for MOR anodes and/or reactive Gas Diffusion Layer Electrodes (GDLEs) in DMFCs and/or methanol electrolysis cells
Process optimization for simultaneous antibiotic removal and precious metal recovery in an energy neutral process
Cytotoxicity assessment of antibiotics on Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney cells by a sensitive electrochemical method
Chemical and toxicological evaluation along with unprecedented transformation products during photolysis and heterogeneous photocatalysis of chloramphenicol in different aqueous matrices
Synthesis and characterizations of FeNi 3 @SiO 2 @TiO 2 nanocomposite and its application in photo- catalytic degradation of tetracycline in simulated wastewater
Early prediction of ecotoxicological side effects of pharmaceutical impurities based on open-source non-testing approaches
Despite the increasing efforts to limit waste and avoid environmental contaminants, a large number of compounds using in the pharmaceutical field may have an ecotoxicological impact. Nevertheless, a complete overview of all possible ecotoxicological effects of pharmaceuticals is missing: that is especially true for chemical impurities. The lacking information regarding environmental behavior of impurities could be faced by computational techniques: the ability to predict the unknown toxicity of a compound can reduce uncertainties regarding possible negative effects on the environment of pharmaceutical impurities. In the current scenario, non-testing methods may answer to the requirement of assessing the ecotoxicological impact of chemicals in a more affordable way. For this purpose, in the first part of the review, definition and classification of chemical impurities are proposed, while in the second part, a description of four open-source computational tools (T.E.S.T., VEGA, LAZAR, and QSAR Toolbox) is provided after a brief survey of the computational methods. The paper also shows the advantages of combining individual test methods in order to increase confidence in the predictive results