Spoken content retrieval: A survey of techniques and technologies

Speech media, that is, digital audio and video containing spoken content, has blossomed in recent years. Large collections are accruing on the Internet as well as in private and enterprise settings. This growth has motivated extensive research on techniques and technologies that facilitate reliable indexing and retrieval. Spoken content retrieval (SCR) requires the combination of audio and speech processing technologies with methods from information retrieval (IR). SCR research initially investigated planned speech structured in document-like units, but has subsequently shifted focus to more informal spoken content produced spontaneously, outside of the studio and in conversational settings. This survey provides an overview of the field of SCR encompassing component technologies, the relationship of SCR to text IR and automatic speech recognition and user interaction issues. It is aimed at researchers with backgrounds in speech technology or IR who are seeking deeper insight on how these fields are integrated to support research and development, thus addressing the core challenges of SCR

The Hypoglyceamic and Hypolipideamic Potentials of Raw and Boiled Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract on Normal, Diabetic Induced and High Fat Fed Male Albino Rats

Vernonia amygdalina (VA) though used as folk medicine in managing diabetes yet is high in anti-nutrients. The effect of boiling (to reduce anti-nutrients) on hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic  potentials is not well known. This work, therefore evaluated the hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic  potentials of aqueous extracts of raw and boiled Vernonia amygdalina (VA) leaves at a dose of 300mg/kg bodyweight. Rats were divided into three groups (A,B,C) and two treatments (1,2). Each treatment and control has five rats.  Group A rats were fed normal diet (RND), group B were diabetic induced rats (DIR) fed normal diet and group C were fed high-fat diet (RHD). Treatments 1 and 2 were given raw VA extract (VAR) and boiled VA extract (VAB) respectively for 14days while the control received saline (with no extract). Blood glucose was monitored every three days and on the 15th day the rats were sacrificed and the blood serum was used to assay for ALP, ALT and AST activities. The result shows that the extracts were able to reduce (p<0.05) the blood glucose level of  DIR (from 504.20±85.66mg/ml to 204.20±136.13mg/ml and 558.80±66.96 to 162.20±56.69mg/ml within 14days for VAR and VAB extracts treated rats respectively) while diabetic control blood glucose at the end of the study remained significantly (p<0.05) high (400.20±64.02mg/ml) compared with the treated. Liver enzymes (ALP, ALT and AST) activities of untreated DIR (control) were raised significantly (p<0.05) when compared with the treated groups. While the control groups of RND and RHD liver enzymes activities were not significantly (p>0.05) higher than the treated. From the whole results analysed VAR and VAB reduced the blood glucose level of DIR (treated) and will bring it to normal with longer period of treatment. Also the extracts decreased the ALP, ALT and AST activities of DIR (treated) and so alleviate the liver function impairment associated with diabetic condition. Keywords, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic, Vernonia amygdalina, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotranferase (AST)

Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Dalam Memilih Makanan Jajanan Dengan Obesitas Pada Remaja Di SMP Negeri 2 Brebes

Latar belakang : Pengetahuan berpengaruh terhadap sikap dalam memilih makanan jajanan. Pengetahuan yang baik diharapkan mempengaruhi konsumsi makanan yang baik sehingga dapat menuju status gizi yang baik pula. Kurang cukupnya pengetahuan tentang gizi dan kesalahan dalam memilih makanan jajanan akan berpengaruh terhadap status gizi seperti obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap dalam memilih makanan jajanan dengan obesitas di SMP Negeri 2 BrebesMetode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subyek penelitian ini adalah remaja kelas VII-IX di SMP Negeri 2 Brebes. Pengambilan sampel sebanyak 66 anak dilakuan dengan simple random sampling. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi pengetahuan dan sikap dalam memilih makanan jajanan yang diperoleh berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan kuesioner, dan perhitungan IMT berdasarkan hasil pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan. Uji normalitas menggunakan Kolmogorof- Smirnov. Data berdistribusi tidak normal pengujian menggunakan uji korelasi Chi-Square.Hasil:. Hampir seluruh responden memiliki pengetahuan baik yaitu sebanyak 63 orang (95,5%), dan memiliki sikap yang baik sebanyak 57 orang (86,4%). Subyek dalam kategori non obesitas sebanyak 50 orang (75,8%), pre obesitas sebanyak 7 orang (10,6%), dan obesitas sebanyak 9 orang (13,6%). Uji statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dan sikap dalam memilih makanan jajanan dengan obesitas pada remaja (p>0,05)Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dan sikap dalam memilih makanan jajanan dengan obesitas pada remaja di SMP Negeri 2 Brebes

Pengaruh Stomata dan Klorofil pada Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas Jagung terhadap Penyakit Bulai

Resistant varieties are more advisable for controlling maize downy mildew compared with fungicides which is not effective and not environmentally friendly. This study is aimed to determine resistance of some varieties of maize against downy mildew. The maize varieties used were BS 0114, BS 0214, BS 0314, PAC 105, Sweet Corn and BISI 2. The parameters measured were disease incidence and intensity, chlorophyll content of leaves, stomatal density and plants dry weight. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results indicated that PAC 105, BS 0214 and BS 0314 were resistant varieties, while BS 0114, Sweet Corn and BISI 2 were susceptible. PAC 105 variety has the lowest stomatal density (65.353/mm2), and Sweet Corn variety has the highest stomatal density (110.79/mm2). Stomatal density was positively correlated with the disease intensity. Higher disease intensity has lower chlorophyll content compared with the lower intensity. PAC 105 variety has the highest chlorophyll content and plant dry weight, while Sweet Corn variety has the lowest chlorophyll content and plant dry weight. INTISARI Penggunaan varietas tahan bulai lebih dianjurkan digunakan dalam pengendalian penyakit bulai pada jagung dibandingkan dengan penggunaan fungisida karena tidak efektif dan tidak ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketahanan beberapa varietas jagung terhadap penyakit bulai. Varietas yang digunakan meliputi BS 0114, BS 0214, BS 0314, PAC 105, jagung manis, dan BISI 2. Parameter yang diamati adalah insidensi dan intensitas penyakit, kandungan klorofil setelah inokulasi, kerapatan stomata dan berat kering tanaman. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan analisis varians (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut dengan Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian rumah kaca menunjukkan bahwa varietas PAC 105, BS 0214 dan BS 0314 merupakan varietas tahan, sedangkan varietas BS 0114, jagung manis dan BISI 2 merupakan varietas yang rentan. Varietas tahan PAC 105 memiliki kerapatan stomata paling rendah yaitu 65,353/mm2, dan kerapatan stomata paling tinggi dimiliki oleh varietas rentan yaitu jagung manis dengan kerapatan 110,79/mm2. Kerapatan stomata berkorelasi positif dengan intensitas penyakit dengan koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,72526. Semakin rendah intensitas penyakit bulai kandungan klorofil dan berat kering yang semakin tinggi. Varietas PAC 105 yang mempunyai intensitas penyakit paling rendah , mempunyai kandungan klorofil dan berat kering tertinggi, sedangkan varietas jagung manis mempunyai kandungan klorofil dan berat kering terendah

Perancangan Visual Branding Dan Promosi Oh My! Puff

Oh My! Puff adalah home industry yang memproduksi kue sus berbagai rasa yang ada di Surabaya. Visual branding diperlukan untuk membentuk identitas dan memperkenalkan Oh My! Puff, sebagai produk baru yang khususnya menjual kue sus tanpa bahan pengawet dan fresh from the oven, sehingga terbentuk citra di benak konsumen. Setelah itu dilakukan promosi yang dapat memperluas jaringan penjualan Oh My! Puff. Metode analisa yang digunakan adalah SWOT (Strengh, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) untuk menonjolkan karakteristik Oh My! Puff sendiri. Diharapkan perancangan ini dapat membawa dampak positif bagi masyarakat dan produk Oh My! Puff sendiri

Response of Broiler Birds to Varying Dietary Levels of Gongronema Latifolium Leaf Meal

The study was conducted to investigate the response of broiler birds to varying dietary levels of Gongronema latifolium leaf meal (GLLM) as an antibacterial, vitamin and mineral feed additive. A total of 120 fourteen days old broiler birds (Anak strain) were used for the study. Gongronema latifolium was harvested fresh, air dried for 5 days under shade and milled to powder before incorporation in feed at the rate of 0g, 25g, 37.5g, 50g, 62.5g and 75g per 25 kg of feed, respectively to form 6 dietary treatments (T1 – T6). Birds were allotted to one of the six dietary treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD) with two replications per treatment. Feed and water were given ad libitum to the birds during the experiment. Significant (P < 0.05) differences occurred among treatments in most of the traits studied. Broiler chicks fed 75g of GLLM per 25 kg of feed (3 g per kg) had significantly (P ? 0.05) higher final body weight (FBW) compared to the rest of the test groups but was similar to that of the control. Carcass weight, dressing percentage, weight of internal organs and relative organ weights differed significantly (P ? 0.05) among test groups. Effects on haematological indices were significant (P ? 0.05) but followed no definite trend except for WBC count which exhibited a dose related reduction in value (4800 x 103/mm3 at 0g/25kg or control to 3150 x 103/mm3 at 75g/25kg). It was concluded that up to 75g of GLLM can be incorporated per 25 kg of broiler starter and finisher diets (3 g/kg) as feed additive to enhance growth and well being.  Keywords: Anak broiler, feed additive, feed conversion ratio, Gongronema latifolium, growth performance, haematological indices

Reconstruction of Nonunion Tibial Fractures in War-Wounded Iraqi Civilians, 2006-2008: Better Late Than Never

OBJECTIV

Perancangan Kampanye Hand-Drumming Sebagai Aktifitas Terapi Seni Di Surabaya

Hand-Drumming merupakan aktifitas bermain drum yang memiliki banyak manfaat baik secara medis maupun non-medis. Namun tak banyak orang yang mengetahui hal ini. Bahkan di luar negeri, aktivitas Hand-Drumming yang diperkenalkan dalam wujud Terapi Seni masih tergolong sedikit. Oleh karena itu, pengetahuan mengenai Hand-Drumming harus dipromosikan lebih gencar, agar manfaat positif yang menguntungkan ini tidak terbuang percuma