Mutual Solubility Study in Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Tocopherols from Crude Palm Oil Using CO2 Solvent

In this article, the mutual solubility of tocopherols from crude palm oil was studied using carbon dioxide as a solvent at the temperatures of 80, 100 and 120 °C. Each sample from the phase equilibrium unit contained two parts. The liquid part was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) in order to measure the tocopherol composition and, on the other hand, the vapor phase was conducted in an expansion vessel in order to measure the pressure increment during the expansion process. Two phase equilibrium data was calculated using the liquid phase composition and pressure increments during the expansion process. Results showed that the maximum solubility of tocopherols was around 2.27% at a temperature of 120 °C and at pressure of 5.44 MPa

Measurement and Prediction of Densities of Vegetable Oils at Pressures up to 45 MPa

This work addresses the measurement and modeling of the densities of seven vegetable oils (soybean, rapeseed, castor, palm, sunflower, Aleurites moluccana, and Jatropha curcas oils) at temperatures from (283.15 to 363.15) K and pressures from (0.1 to 45) MPa. The data measured here was correlated using the modified Tait-Tammann equation, and the data was used to evaluate the predictive abilities of the Halvorsen model, the fragment-based approach, and the revised GCVOL group contribution method. The results show that the models studied described well the experimental data, presenting not only stable deviations over the temperature range but also overall average relative deviations (OARD) of only (1.2, 0.34, and 1.1) %, respectively. An extension of the models here studied to high pressure is proposed. The models of Halvorsen, Zong, and revised GCVOL provide very good predictions of high-pressure densities with OARDs of (0.75, 1.04, and 0.41) %, respectively, with the deviations presenting just a slightly pressure-dependent with maximum deviations of less than 2.0 %