232 research outputs found
Fine needle aspiration of thyroid nodules in a general teaching hospital setting performing moderate number of biopsies: Outcome of indeterminate cytologic results
Introduction: Our aim was to assess the usefulness of fine-needle aspiration cytologic biopsy (FNA) of the thyroid in our general teaching hospital with average health care facility performing moderate number of such procedures and to evaluate the outcome of Indeterminate Cytologic Results. Material and method: We studied on all consecutive patients referred for FNA of the thyroid nodule. All samplings were performed primarily by one endocrinologist performing moderate number of samplings and interpreted by one pathologist. Cytological findings were classified as malignant, histologic control recommended (suspicious or indeterminate), benign, and unsatisfactory. Results: Four hundred and seventy six biopsies were performed. Patient acceptance of this procedure was good and no complication was encountered. 64/476 of samples were considered as insufficient (13.4%). Of the remaining samples (355 F, 57 M), 321 specimens (67.4%) were reported to be non-neoplastic lesions, including 251 (52.7%) colloid nodules, 39 (8.2%) hemorrhagic nodules and 31 (6.5%) cases of thyroiditis. A neoplastic nodule was confirmed in 91/476 of cases (19.1%), of which 14 were cytologically malignant (3.0%). Follicular lesions were identified in the remaining 77/476 cases (16.1%). Excluding 21 patients who were lost to follow-up, the remaining 56 patients (72.7%) were surgically followed up. Upon excision, benign lesions were diagnosed in 47/56 (83.8%), of which 32 lesions (57.1%) were follicular adenoma and 15 cases (26.7%) of colloid nodules. Malignancy was confirmed histopathologically in 9 cases (16.2%), including 4 follicular variant papillary carcinomas and 5 follicular carcinomas. Conclusions: FNA is an inexpensive, safe, practical, well tolerated, and easily applied method, even in not fully-experienced hands and provides useful information. Based on our study findings, suspicious cytologic results (cytologically follicular neoplasms) are inconclusive and are associated with a remarkable chance of malignant involvement; hence surgical treatment is necessary for clarification
Magnetic Brane of Cubic Quasi-Topological Gravity in the Presence of Maxwell and Born-Infeld Electromagnetic Field
The main purpose of the present paper is analyzing magnetic brane solutions
of cubic quasi-topological gravity in the presence of a linear electromagnetic
Maxwell field and a nonlinear electromagnetic Born-Infeld field. We show that
the mentioned magnetic solutions have no curvature singularity and also no
horizons, but we observe that there is a conic geometry with a related deficit
angle. We obtain the metric function and deficit angle and consider their
behavior. We show that the attributes of our solution are dependent on cubic
quasi-topological coefficient and the Gauss-Bonnet parameter.Comment: 15 pages and 8 figure
Surface Terms of Quartic Quasitopological Gravity and Thermodynamics of Nonlinear Charged Rotating Black Branes
As in the case of Einstein or Lovelock gravity, the action of quartic
quasitopological gravity has not a well-defined variational principle. In this
paper, we first introduce a surface term that makes the variation of quartic
quasitopological gravity well defined. Second, we present the static charged
solutions of quartic quasitopological gravity in the presence of a non linear
electromagnetic field. One of the branch of these solutions presents a black
brane with one or two horizons or a naked singularity depending on the charge
and mass of the solution. The thermodynamic of these black branes are
investigated through the use of the Gibbs free energy. In order to do this, we
calculate the finite action by use of the counterterm method inspired by
AdS/CFT correspondence. Introducing a Smarr-type formula, we also show that the
conserved and thermodynamics quantities of these solutions satisfy the first
law of thermodynamics. Finally, we present the charged rotating black branes in
dimensions with rotation parameters and investigate their
thermodynamics.Comment: 16 pages, Late
Association of the TCF7L2 rs12255372 (G/T) variant with type 2 diabetes mellitus in an Iranian population
In various populations worldwide, common variants of the TCF7L2 (Transcription factor 7-like 2) gene are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim was to investigate the association between rs12255372 (G/T) polymorphism in the TCF7L2 gene and T2DM in an Iranian population. 236 unrelated patients with T2DM, and 255 normoglycemic controls without diabetes were studied. The PCR-RFLP method was used for genotyping rs12255372 (G/T) polymorphism, and the SPSS version 18.0 for Windows for statistical analysis. The minor T allele of TCF7L2 rs12255372 was found to significantly increase the risk of T2DM, with an allelic odds ratio (OR) of 1.458 (95% CI 1.108-1.918, p = 0.007). A significant difference in TT genotype was observed between T2DM patients and normoglycemic controls (OR 2.038, 95% CI 1.147-3.623; p = 0.014). On assuming dominant and recessive models, ORs of 1.52 [95% CI (1.05-2.21) p = 0.026)] and 1.74 [95% CI (1.01-3.00) p = 0.043] were obtained, respectively, thereby implying that the co-dominant model would best fit the susceptible gene effect. This study further confirms the TCF7L2 gene as enhancing susceptibility to the development of T2DM. © 2012, Sociedade Brasileira de Genética
Reissner-Nordstr\"om Black Holes in Quintic Quasi-topological Gravity
This paper presents a study on charged black holes in quintic
quasi-topological gravity, where we construct numerical solutions and
investigate their thermodynamics and conserved quantities. We verify the first
law of thermodynamics and compare our findings with that of Einstein gravity.
We examine the physical properties of the solutions, considering anti-de
Sitter, de Sitter, and flat solutions. Our analysis shows that anti-de Sitter
solutions exhibit thermal stability, whereas de Sitter and flat solutions do
not. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results and possible future
research directions.Comment: 27 pages, 9 Figure
Asymptotically AdS Magnetic Branes in (n+1)-dimensional Dilaton Gravity
We present a new class of asymptotically AdS magnetic solutions in
()-dimensional dilaton gravity in the presence of an appropriate
combination of three Liouville-type potentials. This class of solutions is
asymptotically AdS in six and higher dimensions and yields a spacetime with
longitudinal magnetic field generated by a static brane. These solutions have
no curvature singularity and no horizons but have a conic geometry with a
deficit angle. We find that the brane tension depends on the dilaton field and
approaches a constant as the coupling constant of dilaton field goes to
infinity. We generalize this class of solutions to the case of spinning
magnetic solutions and find that, when one or more rotation parameters are
nonzero, the brane has a net electric charge which is proportional to the
magnitude of the rotation parameters. Finally, we use the counterterm method
inspired by AdS/CFT correspondence and compute the conserved quantities of
these spacetimes. We found that the conserved quantities do not depend on the
dilaton field, which is evident from the fact that the dilaton field vanishes
on the boundary at infinity.Comment: 15 page
Endocrine gland abnormalities in thalassemia major: A brief review
Thalassemia major (β-thalassemia) affects a significant segment of the population in certain areas of the world. Alterations in migration patterns have changed the geographic distribution of this disease and made it a worldwide health problem. Over the course of the past 2-3 decades hypertransfusion therapy has significantly increased the life expectancy, and improved the quality of life of these patients. At the same time there has been an increase in the frequency of complications of this therapy caused by iron overload. Endocrine gland abnormalities contributed little to the morbidity or mortality of β-thalassemia in the past. As a result of hypertransfusion therapy and increased longevity, however, endocrinopathies have become more common and contribute significantly to morbidity in these patients. In this article we briefly review the current understanding of endocrine gland abnormalities, primarily caused by iron overload, in patients with thalassemia major
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