Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV SDN Inpres 2 Lere Pada Materi Sumber Daya Alam Melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Solving

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS materi sumber daya alam melalui penerapan metode Problem Solving. Penelitian ini menggunakan bentuk penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 (dua) siklus. Tempat pelaksanaan penelitian di SDN Inpres 2 Lere dengan subjek penelitian seluruh siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 15 siswa. Metode penelitian menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Analisis data dilakukan dengan 3 (tiga) tahapan meliputi: reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa melalui penerapan Penerapan metode Problem Solving dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS materi sumber daya alam dari kondisi awal nilairata-rata hasil belajar 53,6 dan 0 siswa (0%) atau tidak ada siswa yang mencapai nilai KKM, ke kondisi akhir siklus II nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 69,6 (di atas nilai KKM), dan 14 siswa (93,3%) mencapai nilai KKM dan 1 siswa (6,6%) yang tidak mencapai KKM di kelas. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui penerapan Penerapan metode Problem Solving dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS materi sumber daya alam pada siswa kelas IV semester I SDN Inpres 2 Lere

Studi Tingkat Pendapatan Petani Sebelum dan Sesudah Konversi Lahan Pertanian ke Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Desa Pakawa Kecamatan Pasangkayu Kabupaten Mamuju Utara

The purpose of this study to determine changes in the income level of farmers before and after the conversion of agricultural land into oil palm plantations in the village Pakawa. The research area village of Bamba Apu, Lala, Kumu and Mandar Dua (Salu Apu). With the selection of the sample proportional random sampling as many as 68 families, consisting of 22 families Bunggu Tribe, 22 families Bugis tribe and 24 families Mandar tribe. The results showed that the income level of farmers from the three tribes (Bunggu, Bugis and Mandar) greater after land conversion than before land conversion, socio-economic characteristics of the three tribal farmers are classified in socio-economic conditions are adequate

Anyons in integer quantum Hall magnets

Strongly correlated fractional quantum Hall liquids support fractional excitations, which can be understood in terms of adiabatic flux insertion arguments. A second route to fractionalization is through the coupling of weakly interacting electrons to topologically nontrivial backgrounds such as in polyacetylene. Here we demonstrate that electronic fractionalization combining features of both these mechanisms occurs in noncoplanar itinerant magnetic systems, where integer quantum Hall physics arises from the coupling of electrons to the magnetic background. The topologically stable magnetic vortices in such systems carry fractional (in general irrational) electronic quantum numbers and exhibit Abelian anyonic statistics. We analyze the properties of these topological defects by mapping the distortions of the magnetic texture onto effective non-Abelian vector potentials. We support our analytical results with extensive numerical calculations.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, supersedes arXiv:1112.3347, to be published in PR

Multiple testing of local maxima for detection of peaks in ChIP-Seq data

A topological multiple testing approach to peak detection is proposed for the problem of detecting transcription factor binding sites in ChIP-Seq data. After kernel smoothing of the tag counts over the genome, the presence of a peak is tested at each observed local maximum, followed by multiple testing correction at the desired false discovery rate level. Valid p-values for candidate peaks are computed via Monte Carlo simulations of smoothed Poisson sequences, whose background Poisson rates are obtained via linear regression from a Control sample at two different scales. The proposed method identifies nearby binding sites that other methods do not.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOAS594 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Development of functional ectopic compound eyes in scarabaeid beetles by knockdown of orthodenticle

Complex traits like limbs, brains, or eyes form through coordinated integration of diverse cell fates across developmental space and time, yet understanding how complexity and integration emerge from uniform, undifferentiated precursor tissues remains limited. Here, we use ectopic eye formation as a paradigm to investigate the emergence and integration of novel complex structures following massive ontogenetic perturbation. We show that down-regulation via RNAi of a single head patterning gene—orthodenticle—induces ectopic structures externally resembling compound eyes at the middorsal adult head of both basal and derived scarabaeid beetle species (Onthophagini and Oniticellini). Scanning electron microscopy documents ommatidial organization of these induced structures, while immunohistochemistry reveals the presence of rudimentary ommatidial lenses, crystalline cones, and associated neural-like tissue within them. Further, RNA-sequencing experiments show that after orthodenticle down-regulation, the transcriptional signature of the middorsal head—the location of ectopic eye induction—converges onto that of regular compound eyes, including up-regulation of several retina-specific genes. Finally, a light-aversion behavioral assay to assess functionality reveals that ectopic compound eyes can rescue the ability to respond to visual stimuli when wild-type eyes are surgically removed. Combined, our results show that knockdown of a single gene is sufficient for the middorsal head to acquire the competence to ectopically generate a functional compound eye-like structure. These findings highlight the buffering capacity of developmental systems, allowing massive genetic perturbations to be channeled toward orderly and functional developmental outcomes, and render ectopic eye formation a widely accessible paradigm to study the evolution of complex systems.Fil: Zattara, Eduardo Enrique. Indiana University; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Macagno, Anna L. M.. Indiana University; Estados UnidosFil: Busey, Hannah A.. Indiana University; Estados UnidosFil: Moczek, Armin P.. Indiana University; Estados Unido