Design and implementation of smart integrated hybrid Solar-Darrieus wind turbine system for in-house power generation

This paper presents the design and development of an integrated hybrid Solar-Darrieus wind turbine system for renewable power generation. The Darrieus wind turbine's performance is meticulously assessed using the SG6043 airfoil, determined through Q-blade simulation, and validated via comprehensive CFD simulations. The study identifies SG6043 as the optimal airfoil, surpassing alternatives. CFD simulations yield specific coefficients of power (0.2366) and moment (0.0288). The paper also introduces a hybrid prototype, showcasing of 10 W photovoltaic module and improved turbine performance with the SG6043 airfoil. The focus extends to an optimized hybrid PV solar-wind system seamlessly integrated with IoT technology for remote monitoring. Addressing weather challenges, the research suggests blade shape optimizations via Q-blade and an IoT-based solution leveraging the ESP32 Wi-Fi module. Theoretical results project electrical energy generation ranging from 0.88 kW on March 14, 2023, to 0.06 kW on February 20, 2023. Darrieus wind turbines, experiencing increased blade drag, require less lift to operate. Experimental and theoretical results converge well, affirming the model's reasonable assumptions. Beyond advancing renewable energy technologies, this research sets the stage for future investigations aimed at enhancing the efficiency and capabilities of hybrid wind-solar PV systems

The effects of Ramadan fasting on sleep patterns and daytime sleepiness: An objective assessment

Background: Ramadan fasting and its associated lifestyle changes have been linked to changes in sleep and daytime sleepiness. This study was designed to assess the effects of Ramadan fasting on patterns of sleep and daytime sleepiness. Methods: The SenseWear Pro Armband™ was used to assess the duration and distribution of sleep in eight Muslim and eight non-Muslim volunteers during the last week of Shaaban [baseline (BL) and the first (R1) and second (R2) weeks of Ramadan (1430 H)]. OPTALERT™ was used to assess daytime drowsiness objectively using the John Drowsiness Scale (JDS) to assess sleepiness, and a visual reaction time test was used to assess mean reaction time (MRT). Results: The mean ages of Muslims and non-Muslims were 36.25 ± 4.46 and 34.75 ± 3.33 years, respectively. Although the start of work was delayed for Muslims from 0730 to 1000 hours, there was no change in working hours for non-Muslims. During Ramadan, bedtime and wake-up time were delayed, and there was a significant reduction in total sleep time for Muslims (5.91 ± 1.36 hours, 4.95 ± 1.46 hours, and 4.78 ± 1.36 hours during BL, R1, and R2, respectively, P < 0.001), but not for non-Muslims. JDS values in both Muslims and non-Muslims were normal at BL (1.70 ± 1.16 and 1.68 ± 1.07, respectively), and no changes occurred during Ramadan (R1 or R2), indicating no increase in daytime sleepiness. There were no significant changes in MRT during R1 and R2 from BL in either group. Conclusion: Although the sleep cycle of the studied sample shifted during Ramadan among fast observers, there was no objective evidence for increased sleepiness during fasting