EFFECT OF SUGAR BEET MOLASSES AND Fe-EDHHA ON TOMATO PLANTS GROWN UNDER SALINE WATER IRRIGATION CONDITION

Salinity is a major limiting factor for tomato crop growth and productivity especially in arid and semi arid lands region. Therefore this study was conducted to study the effect of applying sugar beet molasses, priming tomato seedling in saline water and Fe-EDHHA on mitigating salinity negative effects on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)  hybrid super strain B (salinity sensitive hybrid). Seedlings of tomato hybrid were transplanted on April 4th in both seasons 2014 and 2015 in pots contains washed sandy soil, and irrigated with saline water with EC of  2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm. Beet molasses and Fe – EDHHA were applied at  rates of 200 and 300 kg / fed. for beet molasses and 3 and 4 kg / fed. for Fe – EDHHA. Priming tomato seedlings in saline water treatment was applied at 5 and 6 dS/m for 24 hours.  Data showed that all plant growth aspects such as plant height, leaf area, plant fresh and dry weights were improved under beet molasses, Fe and priming tomato seedlings in saline water treatments compared to none treated plants (control). Yield parameters also followed the same trend. Among treatments, beet molasses at a rate of 200 kg / fed. recorded the highest significant effect in mitigating salinity negative effects. It could be concluded that beet molasses, priming tomato seedling in saline water and Fe – EDHHA treatments were more effective and efficient in mitigating salinity stress on tomato plants

EFFECT OF PRUNNING PATTERN AND SOIL MULCHING ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF KEITT MANGO IN NEW RECLAIMED LANDS

The present study was carried out during 2014 and 2015 seasons on adult Kitt Mango Trees to evaluate 4 levels of pruning  pattern (removing one-third, one-half, all branch or without pruning) and 4 types of soil mulching (white plastic, black plastic, rice straw or without soil mulching) on vegetative growth, leaf mineral content ,flowering and yield.   Average shoot length, shoot thickness and average number of shoot / tree of Kitt mangos greatly affected with both pruning pattern and soil mulching, especially with removing of one-third of branch and covering soil with white plastic sheet. However leaf N, P and K contents were improved with both one-third and one-half pruning of branches of Kitt mango trees where both white and black plastic of mulch soil were similar in their effect on leaf NPK content. There were an evident increase in fruit set %, total yield (kg/tree) and marketable yield % with one-third and one-half pruning of branch and also with white and black plastic of soil mulching. The increase of marketable yield% due to these treatments could be attributed to the increase of vegetative canopy of leaves which led to prevent sun burn of fruits and to minimize heat solar effect from the soil and protect the fruits in lower parts of the trees. Fruit chemical constituents including TSS%, acidity and L-ascorbic acid slightly affected with different treatments but one-third and one-half prunning of branch as well as with white and black plastic of soil mulch could be recommended as a good horticulture treatments in Kitt mango orchard

RETENTION OF ZN, PB, CU AND CD METAL IONS ONTO SEWAGE IRRIGATED SOIL

The sorption isotherm and kinetic of Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ , and Cd2+ ions onto sewage irrigated soil (El-Gebal El Aasfar-Qalubia) was examined as a function of the retention time and initial ion concentration using batch equilibrium sorption experiments. Results show that the Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd metal ions onto the soil is relatively rapid and sorption reaches equilibrium at about 240 minutes. Kinetics of the sorption process on the soil is well characterized by the pseudo-second order reaction rate. Langmuir, Freundlich and D–R isotherm models are fitted for the sorption of Cu2+, Pb2, Zn2+, and Cd2+ ions onto the soil. The constants of all models were calculated for each metal ion and compared. It indicated clear differences between the sorption characteristics of Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ ions on the sewage irrigated soil

RESPONSE OF STRAWBERRY PLANTS TO SHORTENING DAY LENGTH , SHADING AND COLD STORAGE UNDER EGYPTIAN CONDITIONS

This experiment was performed in 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons at El-Bosaly Protected Cultivation Experimental Site, of the Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), 15 Km west of Rosetta. The current study was conducted in open field to investigate the growth and productivity of strawberry plants under the shading and cold storage methods. Two strawberry cultivars were used, i.e., Camarosa (cv.) and Yael (cv.). Transplants were set up on 15 of March to 15 of September in both two seasons of 2004-2005 and 2005-2006, respectively under El-Bosaly conditions. Seven treatments were used i.e., short day, 40% shading, 73% shading, three periods cold storage at 5Co, i.e., (24h, 48h and 73h) and control. Results indicated that the application of 73% shading treatment was the most effective in reducing maximum and minimum of air temperature and radiation, followed by 40% shading, whereas, the highest value of maximum and minimum air temperature, radiation were observed in control treatment throughout the two growing seasons. In addition, 73% shading treatment produced the tallest plants and the highest number of leaves per plant and leaf area per plant. Moreover, flowering and chlorophyll in leaves were increased by application of short day treatment. Also, fruit characters such as average weight and number of fruits per plant were the highest values with 40% shading. Chemical components of fruits, i.e., T.S.S were increased with 73% shading treatment. When plants were grown under 40% shading treatment, followed by 73% shading, while cold storage for 72 h treatment gave the lowest values. Neither cultivars nor the interaction between cultivars and tested factors had any significant effects on many studied characters

RESPONSE OF TWO MAIZE CULTIVARS (Zea mays L.) TO ORGANIC MANUR AND MINERAL NANO NITROGEN FERTILIZER UNDER SIWA OASIS CONDITIONS

Two trials were carried out at the Experimental Station farm of Desert Research Center, Teggzerty from Siwa Oasis, Matroh Governorate during the two summer seasons, 2015 and 2016. Trials were performed to study response of two maize hybrids.(Single hybrid 131 and Triple hybrid 329) to organic manure (OM) levels (15 and 30 m3/fed.) and five combinations between mineral and nano nitrogen (N) fertilizers: 1)100% mineral N from the recommended dose (120 kg N/fed.), 2)75% mineral + 25% nano N fertilizers, 3)50% mineral + 50% nano N fertilizers, 4)25% mineral + 75% nano N fertilizers, 5)100% nano N as the recommended rate (500 ppm as foliar application). Mineral N rates were added in three equal doses, with foliar application by nano N rates, after 30, 45 and 60 days from sowing. Treatments, included twenty treatments, was laid out in a splilt-split plot design, with three replicates, OM levels were arranged in the main plots, maize cvs. were allocated in the sub plots, and mineral nano N fertilizer treatments were assigned in the sub-sub plots. At harvest the following characters were recorded, plant height (cm), number of rows/ear, ear length (cm), ear diameter (cm), number of grains/row, 100-grain weight (g), ear weight (ton/fed), grain, straw and biological yields (ton/ fed), shelling (%) and harvest index(%). Results indicated that increasing OM levels significantly increased ear length harvest index and protein content (%), in the 2nd season only, triple hybrid gave the maximum values of all pa rameters, except no. of rows/ear and harvest index, in the 1st season, and 100-grain weight and carbohydrate (%), in both seasons, which had no significant difference with single hybrid in the most cases. Concerning with the effect of mineral and nano N, all parameters, except carbohydrate (%), were increased with increasing mineral N (%) and/or with decreasing nano N (%). Fertilized maize crop by mineral N at 100% or 75% plus 25% nano N fertilizer gave the maximum values of plant ht., no. of rows/ear, ear length and diameter, no. of grains/row, 100-grain wt.,ear weight, grain, straw and biological yields, shelling (%), protein (%), protein yield and harvest index in both seasons. However, fertilized maize crop by nano N at 100% produced the highest value of carbohydrate content (%) in two seasons. Results suggested that selected triple maize hybrid cv. (329), at 30 m3 OM, with 100% mineral N (120 kg N/fed.) or with 75% mineral N (90 kg N/fed.) plus 25% nano N (125 ppm as foliar application) fertilizers could be utilized for attaining the maximal improvement in farmer income by increasing the maize yield under saline conditions at Siwa Oasis, Egypt

Sensitivity of Potato Yield to Climate Change

Abstract: One significant impact of climate change is the effect upon agriculture. As many evidences indicated that some remarkable changes could happen in climate scenario, the present work is mainly directed to discuss sensitivity of climate change upon the potato production in Egypt. The selection of potato product is mainly dependent upon that potato represent strategic crop cultivated in Egypt. The SUBSTOR potato model was employed to simulate physiological processes and yield of potato production. SUBSTOR model is a mechanistic, process-oriented model for tuber yield includes crop development. The present work introduces two possible cases of climate changes for the sake of climate crop production relationship. The actual measurements for potato production characteristics were used in the comparison with present and predicted. The climate change data is used from two general circulation models (CSIRO and HadCM3) for A1 greenhouse gases Scenario during 2050. The results of the work indicated that the potato yield decrease from 11 to 13% under climate change and the climate change data output from HadCM3 model gave the highest value of potato yield comparing with CSIRO model. And Valor cultivar gave the highest potato yield compared to Dezareah cultivar when the irrigation treatment taken place under current and future climate

Response of Green Bean to Fertilization with Potassium and Magnesium

Abstract: Two field experiments were carried out during the two successive growing seasons of 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 in the experimental farm of EL-Bousialy Protected Cultivation Site, El-Behaira governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of different levels of potassium (48, 72 and 96 kg K 2 O /fed.) and magnesium (0, 3 and 6 kg MgO/fed.) on the growth, yield and quality of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Paulista. With respect to the effect of potassium application, plant growth characters, i.e., plant height, number of leaves and branches, fresh and dry weight and total chlorophyll, as well as green pod yield (early, local, exportable and total green pod yield) and pod quality, i.e., pod length, thickness, fibers content, TSS%, total protein percentage, were increased by increasing the level of K fertilizer from 48 up to 96 kg K 2 O/fed. Respecting the effect of Mg application, the results clear that the vegetative growth of snap bean plants and green pod yield as well as pod quality were improved by increasing the level of Mg fertilizer from 0 to 6 kg MgO / fed. Respecting the effect of the interaction treatments, result clear that all vegetative growth parameters, green pod yield and its components were significantly affected by the interaction between potassium and magnesium application. The highest values were recorded with the highest levels of potassium and magnesium. As for pod quality, pod length, thickness and fiber were not significantly affected by the interaction treatments. However, TSS and total protein contents were significantly increased with increasing the levels of potassium and magnesium application up to the highest levels