Intercomparison of middle atmospheric meteorological analyses for the Northern Hemisphere winter 2009-2010

Detailed meteorological analyses based on observations extending through the middle atmosphere (&sim;&thinsp;15 to 100&thinsp;km altitude) can provide key information to whole atmosphere modeling systems regarding the physical mechanisms linking day-to-day changes in ionospheric electron density to meteorological variability near the Earth's surface. However, the extent to which independent middle atmosphere analyses differ in their representation of wave-induced coupling to the ionosphere is unclear. To begin to address this issue, we present the first intercomparison among four such analyses, JAGUAR-DAS, MERRA-2, NAVGEM-HA, and WACCMX+DART, focusing on the Northern Hemisphere (NH) 2009&ndash;2010 winter, which includes a major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW). This intercomparison examines the altitude, latitude, and time dependences of zonal mean zonal winds and temperatures among these four analyses over the 1&nbsp;December 2009 to 31&nbsp;March 2010 period, as well as latitude and altitude dependences of monthly mean amplitudes of the diurnal and semidiurnal migrating solar tides, the eastward-propagating diurnal zonal wave number 3&nbsp;nonmigrating tide, and traveling planetary waves associated with the quasi-5&thinsp;d and quasi-2&thinsp;d Rossby modes. Our results show generally good agreement among the four analyses up to the stratopause (&sim;&thinsp;50&thinsp;km altitude). Large discrepancies begin to emerge in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere owing to (1) differences in the types of satellite data assimilated by each system and (2) differences in the details of the global atmospheric models used by each analysis system. The results of this intercomparison provide initial estimates of uncertainty in analyses commonly used to constrain middle atmospheric meteorological variability in whole atmosphere model simulations. </div

Efficient data processing algorithm for automated large part control systems

Кошин Анатолий Александрович – д-р техн. наук, профессор кафедры технологии машиностроения, Южно-Уральский государственный университет; akoshin@ inbox.ru Геренштейн Аркадий Васильевич – канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры прикладной математики, Южно-Уральский государственный университет; [email protected]Рассмотрен алгоритм обработки данных автоматизированных систем контроля крупногабаритных деталей методом координатных измерений устройством типа «Измерительная рука». This article describes the data processing algorithm for automated large part processing systems. The algorithm uses coordinate measuring by “measuring arm” device

Workability evaluation of statistical control for CNC machine

Кошин Анатолий Александрович – д-р техн. наук, профессор кафедры технологии машиностроении, Южно- Уральский государственный университет; akoshin@ inbox.ru Нуркенов Антон Халилевич – аспирант кафедры технологии машиностроения, Южно-Уральский государственный университет; [email protected] Koshin Anatoly Alexandrovich – Doctor of Science (Engineering), Professor of Mechanical Engineering Department of South Ural State University; [email protected] Nurkenov Anton Khalilevich – Post-Graduate Student of Mechanical Engineering Department of South Ural State University; [email protected]Рассмотрен метод статистического регулирования технологического процесса для станка с ЧПУ. Определено влияние объема исходной выборки на технологический допуск и предложены рекомендации по выбору объема исходной выборки. In the article the statistical control method of technological process for CNC machine is considered. The influence of volume of original sample on technological tolerances is determined and also the recommendations for the choice of the original samples are given

Emergency contraception in post-conflict Somalia: assessing awareness and perceptions of need

Background: The national health system in Somalia has been seriously undermined by almost two decades of civil war and conflict. Somalia's high total fertility rate, high maternal mortality ratio, and low contraceptive prevalence rate coupled with restrictive abortion laws make addressing the lack of family planning services an important priority. In crisis and conflict or post-conflict settings such as Somalia, emergency contraception can be important for pregnancy prevention, yet Somalia remains one of the few countries in the world without a registered progestin-only emergency contraceptive pill. In 2014, we conducted fieldwork in Somalia to explore awareness of and attitudes to emergency contraception. Methods: We conducted a qualitative, multi-methods study comprised of ten formal, semi-structured interviews with key informants (ie, physicians, non-governmental officials, and government officials) in Mogadishu, structured, in-person interviews with 20 Somali pharmacists in a range of neighbourhoods, and four focus group discussions with 21 married and unmarried Somali women. Most key informants and pharmacists were purposively sampled, with additional participants recruited through snowball sampling. Focus group participants were recruited through our study's partner non-governmental organisations in Mogadishu. Findings from this study will be disseminated to stakeholders in the form of a summarised report and will inform future projects and policies about the potential expansion of emergency contraception in Somalia. Findings: Responses from most participants showed little knowledge of existing family planning methods or emergency contraception. However, once emergency contraception was described, all participants expressed tremendous enthusiasm for expanding access to post-coital contraceptive methods in Somalia. They believed that the provision of emergency contraception would fill a major gap in reproductive health service delivery. All stakeholders involved in the study identified ways that emergency contraception could be incorporated into the health system. Interpretation: Although importation and use of pharmaceuticals in Somalia is severely unregulated, and measures for formal registration of medications in Somalia do not exist, results from our study highlight mechanisms that could be explored to expand access to emergency contraception in Somalia. This study sheds much needed light on why Somalia continues to be a global exception with respect to a dedicated product and suggests that there are possible avenues for overcoming existing barriers. Funding: This study has received funding from the Society of Family Planning's Research Fund, as well as the Faculty of Graduate and Post-doctoral Studies at the University of Ottawa

Temperature and force stochastic models in grinding processes and implementation of them by parallel computing

Анатолий Александрович Кошин, доктор технических наук, профессор, кафедра ≪Технология машиностроения≫, Южно-Уральский государственный университет (г. Челябинск, Российская Федерация). A.A. Koshin, South Ural State University (Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation). Леонид Викторович Шипулин, аспирант, кафедра ≪Технология машиностроения≫, Южно-Уральский государственный университет (г. Челябинск, Российская Федерация),[email protected]. L.V. Shipulin, South Ural State University (Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation)Рассмотрены стохастические модели температурного поля в зоне резания и радиальной составляющей силы резания при шлифовании. Стохастичность взаимодействия инструмента и заготовки вызвана вероятностным строением шлифовального круга, что обусловлено технологией его производства. Рассмотрены вспомогательные модели, необходимые для правильного функционирования основных моделей. Построена информационная схема программного комплекса, включающая основные модули и связи между ними. Показаны масштабы проводимых расчетов и необходимость применения параллельных технологий. Структурно программа разбита на три блока, каждый из данных блоков представляет собой набор вложенных циклов (глубина вложенности от 2 до 4). При этом циклы, начиная с глубины 2, допускают эквивалентное преобразование к виду, содержащему независимые итерации. Цикл верхнего уровня допускает распараллеливание с условием синхронизации входных данных в начале каждой итерации. В параллельной реализации программного комплекса использована комбинация технологий MPI и OpenMP. Considered the stochastic models of the temperature field in the cutting zone and the radial component of cutting force in grinding. Stochastics the interaction of the tool and the workpiece due to the probabilistic structure of the wheel, due to its production technology. We consider the auxiliary model, necessary for the proper functioning of the basic models. Was created information scheme of software complex that includes all basic modules and their relationships. The necessity of application of parallel technologies. Showing the scale of the calculations and the need to use parallel technology. Structurally, the program is divided into three blocks, each block of data is a set of nested loops (the depth of 2 to 4). In this cycle, starting from a depth of 2 admit the equivalent transformation to a form containing independent iterations. The cycle of top-level parallelism allows synchronization with the condition of the input data at the beginning of each iteration. In a parallel implementation of the software system used a combination of technologies like MPI and OpenMP

Investigation of granulometric structure and microgeometric indicators abrasive grain grinding wheels, applied in rough grinding

Сопельцев Алексей Васильевич. Аспирант кафедры «Технология машиностроения» Южно-Уральского государственного университета. Область научных интересов - исследование процессов шлифования. Aleksey V. Sopeltsev. Postgraduate student "Manufacturing Engineering" department of the South Ural State University. The area of scientific interests - investigation of grinding processes.Проведен анализ геометрии абразивных зерен по макрогеометричееким и микрогеометричееким показателям, представлены диаграммы распределения данных показателей. Описана методика исследования, основанная на применении фотометрии для получения цифровых изображений абразивных зерен. The analysis of the geometry of the abrasive grains macrogeometric and microgeometric indicators, presented a chart of distribution of these indices. A technique of study, based on the use of photometry to obtain digital images of abrasive grains

Design of reliability evaluation algorithm for inprocess gage control module

Кошин Анатолий Александрович – д-р техн. наук, профессор кафедры технологии машиностроения, Южно-Уральский государственный университет; [email protected] Гузеев Виктор Иванович – д-р техн. наук, профессор, декан механико-технологического факультета, Южно-Уральский государственный университет; [email protected] Нуркенов Антон Халилевич – аспирант кафедры технологии машиностроении, Южно-Уральский государственный университет; [email protected]. Koshin Anatoly Alexandrovich – Doctor of Science (Engineering), Professor of Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, South Ural State University; [email protected] Guzeev Viktor Ivanovich – Doctor of Science (Engineering), Professor, Dean of Mechanics and Technology Faculty, South Ural State University; [email protected] Nurkenov Anton Khalilevich – post-graduate student of Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, South Ural State University; [email protected]Рассмотрена методика испытаний опытного образца прибора активного контроля с оценкой стандартных показателей надежности и предложена методика оценки надежности на основе статистического регулирования технологического процесса. This paper describes designed reliability evaluation algorithm for inprocess gage control module on the basis of statistical control (control chart X/R) and determination of particular and integrated indicators of reliability