Bio-permeable nerve conduits containing isogenic acellular muscle basal lamellae and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

シリコンチューブ内に腓腹動静脈茎、同種無細胞性神経基底膜、骨髄幹細胞を移植した神経誘導管を作成し、ラット坐骨神経の20mm欠損を架橋した。結果は新鮮自家神経移植での神経再生とほぼ同等の神経再生を獲得できた。同種神経の使用には、移植免疫、感染、倫理問題など解決しなければならない多くの問題がある。我々は、無尽蔵に採取でき、移植に伴う拒絶反応がなく、また移植倫理で問題のない自家筋肉基底膜に着目した。本研究では、同種無細胞性神経基底膜の代わりに自家無細胞性筋肉基底膜をシリコンチューブ内に挿入し、神経再生を観察した。神経再生にはシュワン細胞が移動できる構造的空間が必要である。We have created an artificial nerve conduit model made of a silicone tube containing a sural vascular pedicle and decellularized allogenic nerve basal lamellae implanted by bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. The nerve regeneration through the tube with a 20mm-interstump gap in a rat sciatic nerve was almost equal to that through a 20mm-long fresh nerve isograft. However, the use of allogenic nerves in the clinical setting is associated with several big problems that should be solved, including immunological responses, infectious disease transmission and ethical problems. The aim of this study was to investigate whether decellularized isogenic nerve basal lamellae (DIML) could be a substitute of decellularized allogenic nerve basal lamellae (DANL). Nerve regeneration occurred in the DANL and around the DIML. Scaffolds promoting nerve regeneration need the space that accommodates Schwann cell migration.研究分野：手外科、末梢神経外科