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    Retrieval of nouns and verbs in Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia

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    언어병리학 ν˜‘λ™κ³Όμ •/석사[ν•œκΈ€]λ² λ₯΄λ‹ˆμΌ€μ‹€μ–΄μ¦κ³Ό λΈŒλ‘œμΉ΄μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžμ˜ 곡톡적인 νŠΉμ§• μ€‘μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ‚¬λ¬Όμ˜ μ΄λ¦„μ΄λ‚˜ λ™μž‘μ„ μ μ ˆν•œ λ‹¨μ–΄λ‘œ μ‰½κ²Œ ν‘œν˜„ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것이닀. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ‹¨μ–΄μΈμΆœμ˜ 어렀움은 λͺ¨λ“  단어에 λ™μΌν•˜κ²Œ μ μš©λ˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ μ’…λ₯˜μ— 따라 μ„ νƒμ μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œλ‹€κ³  μ•Œλ €μ Έ μžˆλŠ”λ°, μ„ ν–‰ 연ꡬ듀은 싀어증 μœ ν˜•μ— λ”°λ₯Έ λͺ…사와 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 인좜 차이에 λŒ€ν•΄ 각기 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‹€ν—˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°œν‘œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 즉, λ² λ₯΄λ‹ˆμΌ€μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžλŠ” 동사보닀 λͺ…μ‚¬μΈμΆœμ— 어렀움을 λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 반면, λΈŒλ‘œμΉ΄μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžλŠ” λͺ…사보닀 λ™μ‚¬μΈμΆœμ— 어렀움을 보여 λ™μ‚¬μΈμΆœμ˜ μž₯μ• κ°€ λΉ„μœ μ°½μ„±μ‹€μ–΄μ¦μ— κ΅­ν•œλœλ‹€λŠ” μ£Όμž₯κ³Ό, μ΄μ™€λŠ” 달리 λΈŒλ‘œμΉ΄μ‹€μ–΄μ¦κ³Ό λ² λ₯΄λ‹ˆμΌ€μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ λ™μ‚¬μΈμΆœμ— 더 어렀움을 λ³΄μΈλ‹€λŠ” μ£Όμž₯이 λ§žμ„œκ³  μžˆλ‹€. / λ˜ν•œ, λ³‘μ†ŒλΆ€μœ„μ— 따라 λͺ…사와 λ™μ‚¬μΈμΆœμ˜ 어렀움이 λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œλ‹€λŠ” μ£Όμž₯κ³Ό, 이와 λ°˜λŒ€λ‘œ λšœλ ·ν•œ 연관관계가 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” μƒλ°˜λœ 보고듀이 λ°œν‘œλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. /이에, λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” κ·Έλ¦Όμ΄λ¦„λŒ€κΈ° 과제λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ² λ₯΄λ‹ˆμΌ€μ‹€μ–΄μ¦κ³Ό λΈŒλ‘œμΉ΄μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžμ—κ²Œ μžˆμ–΄ λͺ…사와 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 인좜 차이가 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ”κ°€λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λͺ…사와 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 인좜 차이가 λ³‘μ†ŒλΆ€μœ„μ— 따라 μ–΄λ– ν•œ 관련성을 λ³΄μ΄λŠ”κ°€λ₯Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. 연ꡬ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. //1. ν™˜μžκ΅°κ°„ λΉ„κ΅μ—μ„œ, λ² λ₯΄λ‹ˆμΌ€μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžκ΅°μ€ λΈŒλ‘œμΉ΄μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžκ΅°μ— λΉ„ν•΄ λͺ…μ‚¬μ˜ μ •λ°˜μ‘μˆ˜κ°€ μœ μ˜ν•˜κ²Œ μ μ—ˆμœΌλ‚˜, λ™μ‚¬μ˜ μ •λ°˜μ‘μˆ˜μ—λŠ” 두 ν™˜μžκ΅°κ°„μ— 차이가 μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€. ν™˜μžκ΅°λ‚΄ λΉ„κ΅μ—μ„œ, λ² λ₯΄λ‹ˆμΌ€μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžκ΅°μ€ λ™μ‚¬μ˜ μ •λ°˜μ‘μˆ˜κ°€ λͺ…μ‚¬μ˜ μ •λ°˜μ‘μˆ˜λ³΄λ‹€ μ μ—ˆμœΌλ‚˜ μœ μ˜ν•œ 차이가 없이 두 ν’ˆμ‚¬ λͺ¨λ‘μ—μ„œ μ •λ°˜μ‘μ΄ μ μ—ˆλ‹€. λ°˜λ©΄μ—, λΈŒλ‘œμΉ΄μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžκ΅°μ€ λ™μ‚¬μ˜ μ •λ°˜μ‘μˆ˜κ°€ λͺ…사에 λΉ„ν•΄ μœ μ˜ν•˜κ²Œ μ μ—ˆλ‹€. //2. 동사와 λͺ…μ‚¬μ˜ μ •λ°˜μ‘μˆ˜μ— 따라 λ² λ₯΄λ‹ˆμΌ€μ‹€μ–΄μ¦κ³Ό λΈŒλ‘œμΉ΄μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžκ΅° 각각을 λ„€ κ΅°(λͺ…사손상, 동사손상, λͺ…․동사손상, 그리고 기타)으둜 ꡬ뢄해 λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό, λͺ…사손상과 λͺ…․동사손상 ν™˜μžκ΅°μ€ 쀑․ν•˜λΆ€μΈ‘λ‘μ—½μ˜ 손상과 λ°€μ ‘ν•œ 관계λ₯Ό λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 동사손상 ν™˜μžκ΅°μ˜ κ²½μš°λŠ” λ³‘μ†ŒλΆ€μœ„μ™€μ˜ 관련성이 κ΄€μ°°λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€. //λ³Έ 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Ό, λΈŒλ‘œμΉ΄μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžκ°€ λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 손상을 λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 반면, λ² λ₯΄λ‹ˆμΌ€μ‹€μ–΄μ¦ ν™˜μžλŠ” λͺ…사와 동사 λͺ¨λ‘μ—μ„œ 인좜μž₯μ• λ₯Ό λ³΄μ˜€μœΌλ―€λ‘œ, 두 ν™˜μžκ΅°μ— λŒ€ν•œ λͺ…사와 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 이쀑해리(double dissociation) ν˜„μƒμ€ κ΄€μ°°λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜, λͺ…사손상이 λšœλ ·ν•˜κ²Œ κ΄€μ°°λ˜λŠ” ν™˜μžλ“€μ—κ²Œμ„œ νŠΉμ •ν•œ λ³‘μ†ŒλΆ€μœ„μ™€μ˜ 관련성을 규λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 의의λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λ³Ό 수 μžˆλ‹€. [영문]It is often observed that Broca''s aphasics have more difficulties in processing verbs than concrete nouns. On the contrary, Wernicke''s aphasics have more difficulties in processing concrete nouns than verbs. However, these results are often inconclusive and anecdotal. Some investigators have found that both types of aphasic patients were more impaired in producing verbs than nouns. / However, different cerebral localizations of lesions for noun vs. verb impair- ments have been suggested. Patients with a selective disorder for noun usually have lesions centered in the left temporal lobe. Conversely, verb deficits have been associated with left frontal lobe. However, not all the data support the claim for neural specialization of nouns and verbs. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to ascertain whether verb or noun deficits are associated with a particular type of aphasia, and to ascertain whether there are differences in the sites of brain damage. The results were as follows:/1. The mean naming performance obtained by Broca''s and Wernicke''s aphasia groups on verbs was lower than their performance on nouns. However, only Broca''s aphasics were significantly more impaired on verb than noun naming. And Wernicke''s noun naming was significantly poorer than Broca''s noun naming.//2. All of the patients with severe noun deficits have lesions in the left middle-inferior temporal lobules, but patients with verb deficits did not reveal common lesions. //Thus, verb deficits were not unique features for Broca''s aphasia and significant noun deficits were found only in Wernicke''s aphasia. /It is noteworthy that all of the patients with noun deficits had lesions essentially involving the left middle-inferior temporal lobule, indicating neuroanatomical correlates of noun processing. /There are restrictions on limited subjects and tasks in this study, therefore studies considering types and severities of aphasic patients should be followed.ope
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