Biological Markers for Making the Differential Diagnosis between Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumor and Mucinous Cystic Tumor of the Pancreas

PURPOSE: Although intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) and mucionus cystic tumor (MCT) share many common features, they are 2 clinically different disease entities. The aims of this study were to compare the clinicopathological characteristics of IPMT and MCT and to find molecular markers for making the differential diagnosis between IPMT and MCT METHODS: Forty-one patients with IPMT and 29 MCT patients who all underwent resection between 1994 and 2003 were enrolled in this study. After one gastrointestinal pathologist reviewed the pathological slides, we compared the clinico-pathological features of the two diseases. Immunohistochemical staining with using 17 biological markers was performed to find useful molecular markers for making the differential diagnosis. RESULTS: Besides the clinical features like gender, the tumor size and location, the patient's age and the radiological images, we found differences of the expressions of PR(p<0.001), ER(p<0.001), MUC2(p=0.038) and MUC5A(p=0.001) between IPMT and MCT. CONCLUSION: PR, ER, MUC2 and MUC5A can be useful in making the final differential diagnosis between IPMT and MCT. Considering the different gene expressions, further studies are needed to clarify the different pathogenesis of these two diseases entities.본 연구는 서울대학교병원 일반연구과제(04-2004-027-0)와 보건복지부 암정복추진연구개발사업(No. 0520320)의 지원을 통해 이루어 졌

Laparoscopic treatment of intrahepatic duct stone

Between October 1998 and November 1999, 12 patients with IHD stones, without severe ductal stricture, adhesion due to previous exploration, intrahepatic abscess or suspicious malignancy, were in the subjects of this study. A 4-port-technique was performed, with a 4-way flexible choledochoscope, via a choledochotomy, for removal of the stones. The postoperative follow-up for recurrent stones was performed with a cholangiogram and an ultrasonogram, and the quality of life was evaluated by a questionnaire for the symptoms. The mean operating time was 288.3 (150-420) minutes. There was only one postoperative complication, but no intraoperative transfusions or perioperative mortality. Remnant stones were detected in 1 patient on the final T-tube cholangiogram, which was removed by percutaneous choledochoscopy, through the tract matured by the T-tube. There were no cholangitis or recurrent stones during the mean follow-up period of 31.4 (10-45) months. With increasing demand for minimal invasiveness, the laparoscopic treatment of IHD stones could be an effective option

Laparoscopy-assisted D2 Subtotal Gastrectomy in Early Gastric Cancer

The purpose of this study is to prove the safety and efficacy of laparoscopy-assisted subtotal gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection using 4 ports and an EEA stapler with a Billroth I anastomosis. From 1999 to 2001, 20 patients with EGC located in the distal stomach underwent laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy (LABIG). A 4-port-technique was performed for omentectomy, vascular ligation, and D2 lymph node dissection. A mini-incision was created between the two ports in the epigastric area and a gastroduodenal anastomosis with an EEA stapler and a distal resection was performed. The mean operating time was 261.8 (170-410) minutes. There was one postoperative complication without any intraoperative transfusions or perioperative mortality. The number of harvested nodes was 31.9 ± 11.4. Mean distance from the lesion to the margin of resection was 5.3 ± 2.2 cm proximally and 4.0 ± 2.0 cm distally. On average, oral liquids were started at the 4.7 th (3rd-8th) postoperative day. LABIG is a safe and effective way of performing D2 gastrectomy in terms of morbidity and oncological principles. A randomized controlled clinical study to compare long-term survival and quality of life is warranted

자가조립법을 이용한 그래핀/망간 산화물 나노 복합체의 합성 및 고효율 슈퍼 커패시터 전극으로의 응용

학위논문(석사)--아주대학교 일반대학원 :에너지시스템학과,2019. 2슈퍼 커패시터는 세계적인 에너지 위기를 해결할 수 있고, 인류의 지속 가능한 개발을 위한 가장 유망한 차세대 에너지 저장 매체로 널리 알려져 있다. 슈퍼 커패시터는 전극 물질 선택이 매우 중요한데, 전극 물질이 슈퍼 커패시터의 성능을 좌우하는 가장 결정적인 역할을 하기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 고성능 슈퍼 커패시터 전극 개발을 위해 니켈 폼 전극 위에 그래핀 산화물과 망간 산화물의 나노 복합체를 부착하였다. 특히, 자가 조립법이라는 간단한 방식으로 효율을 극대화하였다. 자가조립법으로 제작된 슈퍼 커패시터 전극은 주사 속도 50 mV/s-1의 순환전압전류법에서 916.5 F g-1의 비정전용량을, 갈바닉 충방전 시험에서는 전류 밀도 10 A g-1의 조건에서 998.2 F g-1의 준수한 비정전용량을 기록하였다. 또한 50 mV s-1 조건에서의 순환전압전류법을 1700회 반복하였을 때 효율이 초기의 78.3%까지 유지되는 안정성을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 활용된 자가 조립법은 조작이 간단하고 빠르게 니켈 폼 위에 나노 복합체를 증착시킬 수 있는 합성법이다. 또한 간단하지만 고르고 안정적으로 증착시킬 수 있어서 차후 에너지 저장 장치 제조에 효과적으로 활용될 것으로 보인다.제 1 장. 서 론 ......................................................................................... 1 1. 슈퍼 커패시터의 등장 배경 ...................................................................... 1 2. 이론적 배경 .............................................................................................. 4 2.1 슈퍼 커패시터의 원리 .................................................................... 4 2.2 전기 이중층 커패시터 .................................................................... 6 2.3 유사 커패시터 .............................................................................. 10 2.4 슈퍼 커패시터 전극 물질 및 합성법 선택 ................................... 12 제 2 장. 실험 방법 .............................................................................. 14 1. Reflux를 이용한 GO/Mn2O3 합성 ......................................................... 14 2. Self-assembly 방법을 통한 GO/Mn2O3 증착 ....................................... 16 제 3 장. 결과 및 고찰 ......................................................................... 17 1. 물성 분석 ............................................................................................... 17 1.1 XRD를 통한 결정 분석 ................................................................ 17 1.2 XPS를 통한 망간 산화물의 산화상태 분석 .................................. 20 1.3 SEM을 통한 니켈 폼 전극 표면 분석 .......................................... 23 1.4 TEM을 통한 GO/Mn2O3 형태 분석 ............................................. 28 2. 전기화학적 성능 측정 ............................................................................. 30 2.1 순환전압전류법을 통한 전기화학적 효율 분석 ............................ 30 2.2 갈바닉 충방전 시험을 통한 전기화학적 효율 분석 ...................... 35 2.3 전극 수명 측정 ............................................................................ 38 2.4 임피던스를 통한 표면 저항 분석 ................................................. 40 제 4 장. 결론......................................................................................... 42 참고문헌 (References) ......................................................................... 43Maste

Pure Laparoscopic Donor Hepatectomy: A Multicenter Experience

According to recent international consensus conferences, pure laparoscopic donor hepatectomy (PLDH), particularly right and left hepatectomies, is not yet considered a standard practice because studies remain limited. Thus, we present the outcomes of more than 500 PLDH patients, mostly receiving a right hepatectomy. To our knowledge, this is the largest study to date on PLDH. Data from all living liver donors who underwent PLDH at 5 centers in Korea until June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The outcomes of both donors and recipients were included. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the duration of surgery and cumulative experience at each center, which reflects the learning curve. Overall, 545 PLDH cases were analyzed, including 481 right hepatectomies, 25 left hepatectomies, and 39 left lateral sectionectomies (LLS). The open conversion was necessary for 10 (1.8%) donors, and none of the donors died or experienced irreversible disability. Notably, there were 25 (4.6%) patients with major complications (higher than Clavien-Dindo grade 3). All centers except one showed a significant decrease in surgery duration as the number of cases accumulated. Regarding recipient outcomes, there were 110 cases (20.2%) of early major complications and 177 cases (32.5%) of late major complications. This study shows the early and late postoperative outcomes of 545 donors and corresponding recipients, including 481 right hepatectomies and 25 left hepatectomies, from 5 experienced centers. Although the results are comparable to those of previously reported open donor hepatectomy series, further studies are needed to consider PLDH a new standard practice