92 research outputs found
λ€μν μ 곡, κ·Έ νΉμ₯μ μ΅ν©νλ λ‘μ€μΏ¨ κ°μ : 첫 νκΈ°μ μμ κ²½ν
λ‘μ€μΏ¨μ κ°μ₯ ν° νΉμμ νμμ λ€μμ±μ μλ€. νλΆλ₯Ό μ‘Έμ
νκ³ κ³§λ°λ‘ λ€μ΄
μ¨ νμλ μκ³ , κΈ°μ
μ μλ€κ° νΉμ νκ³μ¬λ λ³λ¦¬μ¬λ₯Ό νλ€ λ‘μ€μΏ¨μ μ¨ νμ
λ μλ€. μ 곡μ μ°ΈμΌλ‘ λ€μνλ€. λ곡ν, μ»΄ν¨ν°, IT, μ² ν, μν, μ½ν, λ³λ¦¬μ¬,
μλ₯νκ³Ό, κ²½μ, κ²½μ , μ¬λ¦¬νκ³Ό νμλ€μ΄ λ²νλΆλ₯Ό μ‘Έμ
ν νμλ€κ³Ό ν κ°μμμ
λ§λλ€. λ²λ Ή λ° μΈκ°κΈ°μ€μμΌλ‘ μ μ΄λ 1/3 μ΄μμ λ²ν μ΄μΈμ μ 곡μλ‘ μ±μ
μΌ νλ€κ³ νμ§λ§, μμΈλ 1νλ
μ κ²½μ° 2/3κ° λΉλ²νλμ΄λ€. μ΄λ€ λ€μν νμμ΄
ν μμ
μ μ°Έκ°ν λ, μμ
μ μμ€, κ΄μ¬μ μ΄μ μ μ΄λμ λ§μΆμ΄μΌ ν κΉ νλ μ§
λ¬Έμ΄ λΉμ°ν μ겨λλ€.
κ΅μμ μ
μ₯μμλ λ κ°μ§ μ κ·Όμ΄ κ°λ₯νλ€. νλλ λ²νμ°μλͺ¨λΈμ΄λΌ ν μ
μλ κ²μ΄λ€. Aκ΅μλ νμλ€μ λ²ν/λΉλ²νκ΅°μΌλ‘ (λ§μμμΌλ‘) λλλ€. μ μλ
λ²νμ μλ νμμ΄κ³ νμλ μ λͺ¨λ₯΄λ νμμ΄λ€. μ΄ κ²½μ° λΉλ²νκ΅°μ λκ° μ΄
λ±ν μμΉμ μλ κ²μΌλ‘ μ¬κΈ°κ³ , 3λ
μμ λ²νκ΅μ‘μ ν΄λΌκΉ μꡬμ¬μ κ°λλ€.
λ°λ©΄ Bκ΅μλ λ€μμ±μ΅ν© λͺ¨λΈμ μ·¨νλ€. μ¬λ¬ μ 곡μ μ€μ¬λ€μ΄ ν κ°μμ€μ λͺ¨
μ¬, κ°μμ νΉμ₯μ ν κ°μ μμ μ΅ν©μν€μλ κ²μ΄λ€. μ¬κΈ°μ λΉλ²νμ μ 곡λ€μ
μ΄λ±μ±μ μμΈμ΄ μλλΌ, λ²λ΄μ©μ λ€μμ±κ³Ό νλΆν¨μ λν΄κ°λ μ‘΄μ¬μ΄λ€. μ 곡μ΄
μλ‘ λ€μν λ§νΌμ΄λ λΆμ
μ μΌλ‘ νλ ₯νμ¬ μ§μμ΅ν©μ μ΄λ£¨μ΄λΈλ€. λ‘μ€μΏ¨μ λ¬Ό
λ‘ λ²νμ°μλͺ¨λΈμ΄ μλλΌ λ€μμ±μ΅ν©λͺ¨λΈμ μ·¨ν κ²μ μꡬνλ€
Kim Pyong Ro, the Chief Justice at the Special Tribunal against Pro-Japanese Traitors
μ ννλ² μ 101μ‘°λ μ
μ§μ μΈ λ°λ―Όμ‘±νμλ₯Ό μ²λ²νλ νΉλ³λ²μ μ μ ν μ μλ€κ³ κ·μ νμκ³ , κ·Έμ λ°λΌ λ°λ―Όμ‘±νμμ²λ²λ²μ΄ μ μ λμλ€. μ΄ λ²μ λ°λ₯΄λ©΄ κ΅ν λ΄μ νΉλ³μ‘°μ¬μμν(λ°λ―ΌνΉμ)λ₯Ό λ§λ€κ³ , λλ² μλ°μλ νΉλ³μ¬νλΆμ μν΄ μ¬νλ°λλ‘ λμ΄ μμλ€. μ΄λ λλ²μμ₯ κΉλ³λ‘λ λ°λ―ΌνΉμ νΉλ³μ¬νλΆ μ¬νλΆμ₯μΌλ‘ μ μλμ΄, μ¬νμ μ΄κ΄νλ μ±
무λ₯Ό μ‘λ€. κΉλ³λ‘λ νμΌλ³νΈμ¬λ‘μμ νμν κ²½λ ₯κ³Ό ν¨κ» μΌμ λ§κΈ° λ³μ νμ§ μκ³ μ§μ‘°λ₯Ό μ§μΌλκΈ°μ λ°λ―ΌνΉμμ μ¬νμ μ±
μμ§ μ¬νλΆμ₯μΌλ‘ μ΅μ μμμλ€. κ·Έλ μΉμΌν μ²λ²μ λ―Όμ‘±μ κΈ°λ₯Ό μ΄λ¦¬κΈ° μν λΆκ°νΌν κ³Όμ
μΌλ‘ μΈμνμλ€. κ΅νμμ λ°λ―ΌνΉμ μμλ€μ μ¦μ λ³λμ 보μλλ°, λ°λ―ΌνΉμμμ
κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨νμ¬ μμ’
μΌκ΄ ν μ리λ₯Ό κ³ μνμλ μΈμ¬λ κΉλ³λ‘ μ¬νλΆμ₯λΏμ΄μλ€. μ΄μΉλ§ λν΅λ Ήμ μ²μμλ λ²λ₯ μ μ μ체λ₯Ό λ°λνμκ³ , λ²λ₯ μ΄ μ μ λ νμλ 3κΆλΆλ¦½μ μλ°°λμ΄ μνμ΄λ μ
μ₯μ μμ’
κ³ μνμλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ κΉλ³λ‘λ μνμλΉλ₯Ό μΌμΆνκ³ , ννλ²μ λ°λ₯Έ μ²λ²μ νμμ±μ κ°μ‘°νμλ€. μ΄μΉλ§ μ κΆμ΄ λ°λ―ΌνΉμ μ¬λ¬΄μ€ μ΅κ²© λ± λ
Έκ³¨μ μΈ λ°©ν΄μ±
λμ λμμ κΉλ³λ‘λ μ΄λ₯Ό μ§λ¬΄λ₯Ό μ΄μν κ³Όμ€λ‘μ λΆλ²μ΄λΌ 맹곡νμλ€. λ°λ―ΌνΉμ νλμ μ 체μ μΌλ‘ νκ°νλ©΄ μ©λμ¬λ―Έλ‘ 보μ΄μ§λ§, μ μΉκ°κ° μλ λ²λ₯ κ°λ‘μ κΉλ³λ‘λ νΉλ³μ¬νλΆμ₯μΌλ‘μ ν μ μλ μ΅λμΉμ μν μ λ€νμλ€. νΉν λ°λ―Όμ μ²λ²μ κ°λ₯νκ² νκΈ° μν μμ μλ λ°μΈμ μ λͺ
νκ² κ΅¬μ¬νμκ³ μ¬λ²μ λ°©ν¨ μν μ νμλ€. μ΄λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ κΉλ³λ‘ λλ²μμ₯/λ°λ―ΌνΉμ μ¬νλΆμ₯μ, λ―Όμ‘±μ κ³Όμ μ νλ²μ μμ μ λνμ¬ μ΄μΉλ§ λν΅λ Ήκ³Ό λ립κ°μ λλ ·μ΄ ν κ³κΈ°κ° λμλ€.
The 1st Constitution of Korea included an article that a special Act may be made for punishing those who betrayed her country and collaborated Imperial Japan maliciously. The Special Act against Pro-Japanese Traitors (hereafter the Special Act) passed on September 22, 1948. According to the Special Act, the Special Investigation Committee was established in the National Assembly. When the Committee found some criminal cases, it reported them to the Special Prosecutors Office with its opinion. The Special Prosecutors Office mandated to indict those traitors/collaborators, and the Special Tribunal under the Supreme Court tried those cases. Kim Pyoung Ro, the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Korea, was also chosen as the Chief Justice of the Special Tribunal. His positioning was regarded as the best choice because he had advocated Korean patriots at the Colonial Court, and defeated Japanese pressure to conversion. The Special Investigation Committee faced a variety of challenges despite huge popular support. High-ranking policemen gathered challenging power, and resisted the Committees investigating activities. Especially, the President Syngman Rhee opposed the Act, and encouraged the resisting police factions activities. On the other hand, Kim Pyong Ro criticized irrational legal reasoning by the President and strongly attacked the Presidents abuse of power. The historical task for purifying Pro-Japanese traitors was rarely satisfied. However, Kim Pyong Ro did his best for implementation of the Special Act. Kim Pyong Ro as the Chief Justice of the judiciary maintained the conflicting relationship with Syngman Rhee as the President οΌ the Chief of the Executive Branch. During his term as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, he maintained the judicial independence from political pressure
The 2004 Criminal Law Revision in North Korea - a taking-off toward the rule by Law? -
In the year of 2004, North Korea revised its Criminal Law along with its
Criminal Procedure. The scale of change is voluminous; the number of Articles
is almost doubled. Its ideological tone is decolored, and more norm-like
expressions are dominant. Most of all, it declares the principle of legality-
nullum crimen sine lege. Analogy is excluded from the interprtation of
Criminal Law, and the elements of crimes are more clearly than not expressed.
The principle of no-analogy with clarity results in the conspicuous increase in
the number of Articles.
In the field of punishment, two new types are added; life imprisonment and
labor-training[Ro-dong Dan-yeon-hyeong]. The latter implies the infliction of
forced works at the labor camp instead of prison works imposed upon those
who committed misdemeanor.
North Korea proclaimed the governmental measure for revitalizing its economy
on July 2002. It includes the market-oriented economy which encourages the
private incentives, autonomous price system, and is more ready for foreign
investment. The changing structure of economy requires the regulation of various
illegalities which accompany the economic activities. Thus, the 2004 revisions of
criminal law focus on the regulation against illegal economic activities.
Central role of Criminal Law in North Korea lay in the harsh suppression
against so-called anti-revolutionary, anti-state crimes. But, its harshness has been...μ΄ μ°κ΅¬λ μμΈλνκ΅ κ°μ μ°κ΅¬κ²½λΉμμ μ§μλλ ν΅μΌνμ°κ΅¬μ¬μ
λΉμ μν΄ μνλμμ
Kim Pyong Ros Contributions as a Defender of Constitutionalism
κ²μ΄λ€. μ΄ μκΈ°λ μ΄μΉλ§ 체μ μ λ
μ¬ μ¬νλ₯Ό μν΄ μ¬λ²λΆμ₯μ
, μ λΉνκ΄΄, 보μλ² κ°μ , μΈλ‘ νμ λ±μ΄ μ
체μ μΌλ‘ μ κ°λμλ€. μΌμΈμΌλ‘ λμκ° κΉλ³λ‘λ λ
μ¬ κ°ν
κ²½ν₯μ λν΄ κ°λ ₯ν λΉνμ μ κΈ°νλ€. κ·Έμ€μμ λ³Έκ³ λ νΉν κ΅κ°λ³΄μλ² κ°μ νλ (μμ 2.4νλ) λ° κ²½ν₯μ λ¬Έ νκ°μ¬νμ λν κΉλ³λ‘μ λΉνμ μ 리νκ³ κ·Έ μλ―Έλ₯Όνκ°νλ€. 1958λ
μ κ΅κ°λ³΄μλ² κ°μ μμ λν΄ κΉλ³λ‘λ μΈλ‘ μμ λ₯Ό λ΄μνλ €λ μ μλ₯Ό κ°μ§ κ²μΌλ‘ λΉννλ€. κΉλ³λ‘μ λΉνμ λ²λ¦¬μ μΈ λ©΄μμ μΌμ’
μ μνμ¬μ¬λ₯Ό νλ λ―μ΄ μΈμΈν λ²μ λͺ¨μμ μ 맀μκ² μ§μ νλ€. κ·Έκ° λΉνν λλ λ νλ² μμΉκ³Ό λ―Όμ£Όμ£Όμμ κ΄μ μΌλ‘ μ κ·Όνλ νΉμμ 보μΈλ€. λ―Όμ£Όμ£Όμμ νλ²μ μ‘΄μμ± κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ κ΅λ―Όμνλ²μ κΈ°λ³ΈκΆμ μμ€νλ©°, κ΅λ―Όμ μ
λ² νμ§λ₯Ό μꡬν κΆλ¦¬κ° μλ€κ³ νμ¬ μ ν
κΆμ λ
Όλ³μ μ κ·Ήμ μΌλ‘ νΌμΉλ λ°κΉμ§ μ΄λ₯Έλ€. κ²½ν₯μ λ¬Έ νκ°μ¬νμ κ΄λ ¨νμ¬, κ·Έλ μΈλ‘ β
μ§νμ μμ λ₯Ό μ ννλ€λ κ²μ μ¬λμ λΆκ΅¬μλ‘ λ§λλ 격μΌλ‘, μ£ΌκΆμμΈ κ΅λ―Όμ λμ κ°λ¦¬κ³ κ·λ₯Ό λ§μΌλ € λλ κ²μ΄λΌκ³ λΉννλ€. κ·Έμ νμ°¨κ³ λΌμλ λΉνμ 컀λ€λ λ°ν₯μ μΌμΌμΌ°λ€. μ΄ μκΈ°λ κΉλ³λ‘μ μμ μμ λ²λ₯ μ λ
Όλ³μ νΌμΉλ κ·κ²°μ μ ν΄λΉλλλ°, κ·ΈλΌμΌλ‘μ¨ κ·Έλ λ
μ¬μ μ λ©΄μΌλ‘ λ§μ λ―Όμ£Όμ£Όμμ, κ΅λ―Όμ£ΌκΆμ μμ€νλ νλ²μνΈμλ‘μμ λ©΄λͺ¨λ₯Ό λλ ·μ΄ κ°μΈμμΌ°λ€κ³ ν κ²μ΄λ€
Drafting the First Korean Criminal Code : Kim Pyong Ros Contributions
λ³Έκ³ λ μ°λ¦¬ νλ²μ μ κ³Όμ μ κ° λ¨κ³μμ κ°μΈ κΉλ³λ‘μ κ΄μ¬λ₯Ό μΈλ°νκ² λΆμνμ¬ νλ²μ μμ κΉλ³λ‘μ κΈ°μ¬λ₯Ό μΆμΆνλ€. κΉλ³λ‘λ λ―Έκ΅°μ νμμ μ¬λ²νμ μ 체λ₯Ό ν΅κ΄νλ μ¬λ²λΆμ₯, λ€μ΄μ΄ μ΄λ λλ²μμ₯μ μμν¨μΌλ‘μ¨ λͺ
μ€κ³΅ν νκ΅μ μ¬λ²νμ λ° μ¬λ²λΆμ μ€μΆλ‘μ νμ½νλ€. κΉλ³λ‘λ μ μ λνλ―Όκ΅μ κΈ°λ³Έλ²λ₯ μ νΈμ°¬μ κ²°μ μ μΌλ‘ κ΄μ¬νλ€. λ―Έκ΅°μ νμμ λ²μ κΈ°μ΄μμνμ λΆμμμ₯μΌλ‘μ, μ λΆμ립 μ§νλΆν° λ²μ νΈμ°¬μμνμ μμμ₯μΌλ‘ νμ½νλ€. λ―Έκ΅°μ νμμ νλ²μκ°μ΄ λ§λ€μ΄μ‘λλ°, μ΄ μκΈ° κΉλ³λ‘μ νΉμ ν κ΄μ¬ μ λμ λν΄μλ λΆλ¦¬ν΄λ΄κΈ° μ΄λ ΅λ€. 1949λ
λ²μ νΈμ°¬μμνμμ κΉλ³λ‘λ νλ²μ΄μΉμ μ‘°λ¬Έν μμ
μ μννκ³ , μμμ₯μΌλ‘μ λ²μ νΈμ°¬μ
무λ₯Ό μ§ννμλ€. κ·Έμ μ΄μμ μΌλ³Έλ²μ λͺ¨λ°©μ΄ μλλΌ, κΉλ³λ‘ μμ μ ꡬμμ κ΄μ² μν¨ λΆλΆμ΄ μ μ§ μλ€. λ²μ£λ‘ μμ μλ‘μ΄ κ·μ λ€μ΄ μ½μ
λμκ³ , νλ² λΆλΆμμ κ°μ’
μ μνμ μ¬μ§λ₯Ό λνλ€. κ°μΉ λΆλΆμμλ κ°ν΅μ£ νμ§λ‘ κ³Ό, μΈκΆμΉ¨ν΄ λ°©μ§λ₯Ό μν κ°μ’
κ·μ μ λμ
μ μ£Όλνλ€. κ·Έκ° μ£Όλν νλ²μ΄μμ κ±°μ κ·Έλλ‘ μ λΆμμ΄ λμ΄ κ΅νμ μ μΆλμλ€. κ΅νλ μ½κ°μ μμ μμ λλ€. κΉλ³λ‘μκ³Ό κ΅ν λ²μ¬μ μμ μμ΄ ν©μ³ μ°λ¦¬μ μ μ νλ²μ 골격μ μ΄λ£¬λ€. λ¨μμΌ λ΄μ λͺ¨λ°©μμ΄ μλ νκ΅νλ²μ λͺ¨μ΅μ κ°μΆκ² ν μ , μ λΆμ립기μ μ μνμ μ΄λ €μ μμμλ μΈκΆλ³΄μ₯μ μμλ₯Ό κ°λ―Έν μ λ±μ νΉκΈ°ν μ μμ κ²μ΄λ€. κΉλ³λ‘λ νλ²μ μ΄μ΄ νμ¬μμ‘λ², λ―Όλ², λ―Όμ¬μμ‘λ² λ± κΈ°λ³Έλ²λ₯ μ μ΄μμμ΄μ μ§νμλ‘μ κΈ°μ¬νκΈ°μ, κ·Έλ₯Ό νκ΅λ²λ₯ μ 창립μλΌ λΆλ₯Ό μ μλ€. μ°λ¦¬ νλ²μ μμ°¨λ‘ κ°μ μ κ±°μ³€μ§λ§, μ΄μΉ λΆλΆμμλ κ°μ μ΄ μ μμΌλ©°, νΉν λ²μ£λ‘ λΆλΆμ κ°μ μ΄ μμλ€. κΉλ³λ‘μ κ΄μ¬λλ₯Ό νμΈνλ μμ
μ, ννλ²μ ν΄μμμ
μλ μ€μ§μ μΈ λμμ΄ λ κ²μ΄λ€.Kim Pyong Ro (1887-1964) is one of the most influential legal professionals in modern Korea. He was the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in Korea. He was deeply involved in making the basic laws including Criminal Code, Criminal Procedure, Civil Code, and Civil Procedure. Now, I analyse his contribution to the drafting of the Criminal Code, when he was in charge of the Director of the Korean Commission for Code Compilation. He presided over the all items on Articles of the Criminal Code. Especially, he drafted all articles of its general part. He articulated the many issues on the criminal element, justification, and excuses. He advanced the guarantee of human rights at the special part. His drafts were mostly accepted by the government, and sent to the National Assembly. The National Assembly passed the Criminal Code in 1953. The general part among the Code still works as a part of the current Code. His nickname, the founder of Korean Code might be especially valid concerning the Criminal Code.μ΄ λ
Όλ¬Έμ μμΈλνκ΅ λ²νλ°μ μ¬λ¨ μΆμ° λ²νμ°κ΅¬μ κΈ°κΈμ 2014νλ
λ νμ μ°κ΅¬λΉ μ§μμ λ°μμ
Taiwan or the Republic of China?
2λ
μ (2006λ
) μ¬νμ¬ κ΄κ΄κ°μΌλ‘ λλ§μ λ©°μΉ λ¨Έλ¬Έ μ μ΄ μλ€. μλ΄μΈμ΄ μ΄λλ λλ‘ κ° κ³³λ€μ μ νμ μΈ μ¬μ§μ°κΈ°μ© κΈ°λ
λ¬Όμ΄μλ€. λλ§μ μλ³Έμ£Όμλ₯Ό λννλ κ²μ΄ λΌλ©΄, νλ λλ§μ μ μΉμ μμ§μΌλ‘μ μ νλ κ²μ΄ μ₯κ°μμ μΈ λ― νλ€. λ λ€ λκ³ μ°λνλ€. λμμλ‘ μλνκ°λ΄, κΆλ ₯κ³Ό λμ! νλ μΈμλ§ λ¨μλ€. μ λμ κΆλ ₯μ μλ―Όλ€μ μ°λ¬λ¬ λ³΄κ² λ§λ λ€. κ±°λν κ΄μ₯μ μλ―Όλ€μ μμν μν¨λ€. κΆλ ₯μμ λμμ΄λ κΈ°λ
νμ μμμ μΌλ‘ μλ―Όλ€μ λ΄λ €λ€λ³Έλ€. λ€λ§ μ²μμ΄λ²€κ³Ό λ―Όμ§λΉμ κ±°μΉ κ² λΉννλ μλ΄μΈμ 보면μ, κ·Έλ λλ§λ μ΄λ§νΌ λΉνμ μμ λ₯Ό ꡬκ°ν μ μꡬλ νκ³ λμΆ© μκ°νκ³ μ§λμ³€μ λΏμ΄λ€. μ μν¬μ μΈ κ΄κ΄μΌμ μ ν¬ν¨μ‘°μ°¨ λμ΄ μμ§ μμ건λ§, μ΅μ§λ‘ μκ°μ ν μ ν΄κ°λλ° ννμ΄λ©΄ μμμΌμ΄λΌ κΈ°λ
κ΄μ λ¬Έμ΄ λ«ν μμ΄ μμ¬μ λ€. μ΄λ²μ λ¬λλ€. μ μ΄μ²μΌλ‘ μκΈ°μ λλ§μ μ΄μμλ μμ¬μ μ§μ¬λ€μ λλ©΄ν μ μμΌλ¦¬λΌ κΈ°λνλ€. γ228μ¬κ±΄κ³Ό μΈκΆμ μ, λκ΅ν¨κΆ or μκ΅μΈκΆγμ΄λ μ£Όμ μ κ΅μ νμ νμλ λλ§κ΅κ°λμκ΄μμ κ°μ΅λμλ€.μ΄ κΈμ μμΈλνκ΅ λ²νλ°μ μ¬λ¨ μΆμ° λ²νμ°κ΅¬μ κΈ°κΈμ 2008νλ
λ μ°κ΅¬μ§μλΉμ
보쑰λ₯Ό λ°μμ
Challenging Political Corruption in Korea -The Conflicting Role between the Public Prosecution and the Independent Counsel-
Which agency is most responsible for controlling political corruption? Of
course, the public prosecution office has played the central role in the
investigation and prosecution of political corruption. However, the public
prosecution was often blamed for its political unfairness which functioned as a
kind of political tools for repressing the opposition parties or the opposing social
groups. The newly elected President Roh Moo Hyun which had conflicted with
the public prosecution in the process of his political ascent declared that his
government break with the political use of the public prosecution. Under the new
government, the public prosecution, with more autonomy, began to investigate the
grand scale of secret fund by the chaebol companies, and its range of
investigation finally reach the illegal fund for the presidential election in 2002.
The amount of political funds raised a storm of popular indignation. The
president was under the prosecution for impeachment by the National Assembly,
and the opposition party to whom political fund of more than 10 times was
given was greatly defeated at the general election in April 2004. The Central
Investigation Section under the Supreme Public Prosecution Office became a
focus of media. But, its role would be diminished after its function would be redelegated
into the Special Section under the District Public Prosecution Office.
The Independent Counsel in Korea means a Special Prosecutor, by a special
Act, designated for the investigation of a specific political corruption. Despite the
strong reluctance from the ruling party, there have been established four special...μ΄ κΈμ μμΈλνκ΅ λ²νλ°μ μ¬λ¨ μΆμ° λ²νμ°κ΅¬μ κΈ°κΈμ 2004νλ
λ νμ μ°κ΅¬λΉμ
μ§μμ λ°μμ
Prevention of Judical Misconducts
μμ λΆ μ΄μνΈ λ³νΈμ¬μ λΉλ¦¬λ₯Ό κ³κΈ°λ‘ μ΄λ°λ λ²μ‘°λΉλ¦¬μ μ²λ¦¬κ³Όμ μμ 보λ―μ΄, μ°λ¦¬ μ¬λ²μ μ°ΈμΌλ‘ λνλκ³ νμ¬ν λͺ¨μ΅μ λ²μ΄λμ§ λͺ»νκ³ μλ€. γμ¬λ²νμ§κ΅γμΌλ‘μμ μ°λ¦¬ λ²μ‘°μ νμ£Όμκ° μ λλΌνκ² λλ¬λ κ²μ΄λ€. μ΄ μ¬κ±΄μ μΌκ° λ³νΈμ¬μ κ°μΈλΉλ¦¬κ° μλλ€. κ·Έλ³΄λ€ ν¨μ¬ λ§μ νμ¬μ¬κ±΄μ μμν λ³νΈμ¬κ° μ κ΅μ λͺ μ λͺ
μ μ΄λ₯Έλ€λ μ¬μ€μ΄ λ³νμ‘°μ¬λ‘ μ΄λ―Έ λλ¬λ¬κΈ° λλ¬Έμ΄λ€. μμ λΆλ§μ λΉλ¦¬λ μλλ€. μ κ΄μμ°, λΈλ‘μ»€κ³ μ©, μ€λΉκ΄ν, ν₯μμ λ κ·Έ μ΄λ κ²λ μ κ΅μ μΈ νμμμ λΆμΈν μ μκΈ° λλ¬Έμ΄λ€. μ°λ¦¬ λ²μ‘°λ¬Έν μ 체κ°, λ²μ‘°μΈμ μμκ³Ό νν μ μ²΄κ° μ΄ μ¬κ±΄μ κ³κΈ°λ‘ νλ©΄μ λλ¬λ¬λ€κ³ 보μμΌ νλ€.
λͺ λ
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Drafting Legal Remedies to the Kochang Massacre during the Korean War
In February of 1951, the Korean Army, who was conducting military
operations against Communist guerrillas, massacred 719 unarmed villagers in
Kochang County in the southeast part of the Korean Peninsula. Even though
they had no justifiable evidence, the Army suspected the villagers of
supporting guerrillas. Almost half of those killed were under the age of 14,
and more women were killed than men. Such killings were not confined to
Kochang area, because the army occasionally abused its power in the course
of military operations during the Korean War (1950-1953).
What made the Kochang incident unique in the Korean War was the
courageous response of the survivors. A delegate from Kochang revealed the
massacre to the National Assembly, and various sectors of the government
sought to discover the truth despite strong pressure to silence them. As a
result, a military tribunal found guilty some of the officers involved. The
Kochang trial remained the only case in which military massacre of
non-combatants had been punished during wartime.
Even after the crime was officially recognized by judicial decision and
governmental report, the atmosphere of anti-Communism and militarism
overshadowed the survivors outcry for restorative justice. The survivors who
argued for full disclosure and reparations were neglected or harassed under the
subsequent military regime. It was not until 1996 (under the Kim Young Sam
civilian government) that the National Assembly passed the Special Act
concerning Kochang Incident (called the Kochang Act). The Act, implemented
by the government, provided funding for memorial works including a memoria
Criminal Jury Trials in South Korea : Issues and Initial Experiments
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