Body-Shaping Membrane to Regenerate Breast Fat by Elastic Structural Holding

Tissue regeneration requires structural holding and movement support using tissue-type-specific aids such as bone casts, skin bandages, and joint protectors. Currently, an unmet need exists in aiding breast fat regeneration as the breast moves following continuous body motion by exposing the breast fat to dynamic stresses. Here, the concept of elastic structural holding is applied to develop a shape-fitting moldable membrane for breast fat regeneration ("adipoconductive") after surgical defects are made. The membrane has the following key characteristics: (a) It contains a panel of honeycomb structures, thereby efficiently handling motion stress through the entire membrane; (b) a strut is added into each honeycomb in a direction perpendicular to gravity, thereby suppressing the deformation and stress concentration upon lying and standing; and (c) thermo-responsive moldable elastomers are used to support structural holding by suppressing large deviations of movement that occur sporadically. The elastomer became moldable upon a temperature shift above Tm. The structure can then be fixed as the temperature decreases. As result, the membrane promotes adipogenesis by activating mechanotransduction in a fat miniature model with pre-adipocyte spheroids under continuous shaking in vitro and in a subcutaneous implant placed on the motion-prone back areas of rodents in vivo.ope

Anti-atherosclerotic vaccination against Porphyromonas gingivalis as a potential comparator of statin in mice

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is an oral anaerobe which damages teeth and periodontal tissues. Its body infection is known to cause chronic inflammation, thereby inducing an early stage of atherosclerosis through humoral immune actions. Hence, vaccination by immunizing the proteins of P. gingivalis (Pg) post sonication with heating may prevent atherosclerosis. This study aimed to compare the effect of its vaccination with statin, which effectively prevents atherosclerosis by lowering lipids. Methods: The vaccine was produced by sonicating P. gingivalis through heating, and a total of 32 male APOE-/-mice (8-week old) were subjected Western diet for 8 weeks, in order to induce atherosclerosis in a physiological manner. Then, the mice were grouped to undergo four treatment conditions (i.e., no treatment, pitavastatin, vaccine, or pitavastatin with vaccine). Vaccination was conducted through nasal immunization and confirmed by a Pg-specific humoral immune reaction. Then, half of the mice in each group were orally injected with P. gingivalis for the next 5 weeks while the other half remained uninfected, generating a total of eight groups (n = 4/group). The mice were sacrificed at 3 weeks after the last injection. After harvesting the aorta, Oil Red O staining of en face was conducted with imaging and image analysis, and plaque formation was quantitatively determined. Results: Compared to no treatment, the vaccination through nasal immunization significantly reduced the atherosclerotic plaque sizes in APOE -/- mice under Western diet to the comparable level of statin group. When both vaccine and statin were used, no clear synergistic effect was observed as opposed to expectation. Conclusions: This study revealed that nasal immunization of heat shock P. gingivalis has a significant impact on the prevention of arteriosclerosis and acts as a potential comparator of statin.ope

한국주식시장에서의 개인투자자의 산업 기반 스타일 투자

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 경영학과, 2015. 2. 김영진.본 논문에서는 Barberis and Shleifer(2003)의 스타일 투자모델에 착안하여, 한국주식시장의 개인투자자의 산업기반 스타일 투자전략에 대해 검토한다. 논문의 분석 결과에 따르면 한국주식시장의 개인투자자의 산업 수요는 강한 상관관계를 보이며 또한 과거의 산업 수익률과 연관을 갖는다. 또한 과거 장기간 개인투자자에 의해 많이 매수된 산업은 많이 매도된 산업에 비해 향후의 기간 동안 저조한 실적을 보인다. 더하여 개별주식 또한 이와 유사한 경향을 보인다. 본 논문의 이러한 결과는 산업을 구분하여 투자를 하는 전략이 개인투자자의 투자결정과 자산가격에 영향을 주는 역할을 함을 시사한다.목 차 제 Ⅰ 장 서론 ····················································· 1 제 Ⅱ 장 연구자료 및 방법론 ································ 2 2.1 자료의 수집 ··················································· 2 2.2 연구방법론 ····················································· 2 제 Ⅲ 장 소매 투자자의 산업 수요의 상관관계 ······· 3 3.1 LSV 구집측정량 ·············································· 3 3.2 The Sias(2004) 구집측정량 ······························ 4 3.3 과거 수익률과 소매 투자자의 산업 수요 ·············· 5 제 Ⅳ 장 산업 수요와 수익률의 횡단면 ·················· 9 4.1 산업수요와 이후의 산업수익률 ··························· 10 4.2 산업 수요와 기업주식의 수익률 ·························· 12 제 Ⅴ 장 결론 ····················································· 15 참고문헌 ····························································· 16 Abstract ····························································· 20Maste

Association of Serum Alkaline Phosphatase with the TG/HDL Ratio and TyG Index in Korean Adults

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) has long been considered a marker of hepatobiliary and bone disorders, but recent studies have shown that increased ALP activity is correlated with various cardio-metabolic diseases. Thus, we investigated the association of serum ALP level with surrogate markers of insulin resistance such as triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C ratio) and triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index in the general population. The study included 12,868 men and women aged 19 years and older. Participants were categorized into four groups based on serum ALP level (U/L) as follows: Q1: 55-190 U/L, Q2: 191-224 U/L, Q3: 225-265 U/L, and Q4: 266-923 U/L for men, Q1: 48-161 U/L, Q2: 162-198 U/L, Q3: 199-245 U/L, Q4: 246-790 U/L for women. The insulin resistance cut-off levels were defined corresponding to the 75th percentile of the TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio in the current samples. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of insulin resistance according to quartile of serum ALP level were calculated using weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis. Compared with Q1, the adjusted OR (95% CI) for insulin resistance of the Q4 serum ALP group was 1.517 (1.234-1.866) in men and 1.881 (1.399-2.528) in women using the TG/HDL-C ratio and 1.374 (1.093-1.728) in men and 2.047 (1.468-2.855) in women using the TyG index after adjusting for confounding variables. Serum ALP levels are independently and positively associated with surrogate markers of insulin resistance in Korean adults.ope

Association of the new visceral adiposity index with coronary artery calcification and arterial stiffness in Korean population

Background and aims: The new visceral adiposity index (NVAI) is an indirect marker of visceral adipose tissue recently developed using a Korean population. Here we examined the association of NVAI with coronary artery calcification and arterial stiffness in asymptomatic Korean patients. Methods and results: We analyzed data from 60,938 asymptomatic Korean adults. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for coronary artery calcification score (CACS) > 100 and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) ≥14 m/s were calculated across NVAI tertiles using multiple logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC) analyses were used to assess the ability of NVAI to predict moderate to high risk of cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of moderate and high risk of cardiovascular disease increased significantly as the NVAI tertile increased. The odds ratio (95% CI) of the highest NVAI tertile for CACS >100 was 5.840 (5.101-6.686) for men and 18.916 (11.232-31.855) for women, after adjusting for confounders. All NVAI AUC values were significantly higher than the AUC values for other visceral adiposity markers. Conclusions: This study provides the evidence that NVAI is independently and positively associated with coronary calcification and arterial stiffness in asymptomatic Korean adults.ope

O2 variant chip to simulate site-specific skeletogenesis from hypoxic bone marrow

The stemness of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is maintained by hypoxia. The oxygen level increases from vessel-free cartilage to hypoxic bone marrow and, furthermore, to vascularized bone, which might direct the chondrogenesis to osteogenesis and regenerate the skeletal system. Hence, oxygen was diffused from relatively low to high levels throughout a three-dimensional chip. When we cultured BMSCs in the chip and implanted them into the rabbit defect models of low-oxygen cartilage and high-oxygen calvaria bone, (i) the low oxygen level (base) promoted stemness and chondrogenesis of BMSCs with robust antioxidative potential; (ii) the middle level (two times ≥ low) pushed BMSCs to quiescence; and (iii) the high level (four times ≥ low) promoted osteogenesis by disturbing the redox balance and stemness. Last, endochondral or intramembranous osteogenesis upon transition from low to high oxygen in vivo suggests a developmental mechanism-driven solution to promote chondrogenesis to osteogenesis in the skeletal system by regulating the oxygen environment.ope

비가환 원환면 위에서의 의미분 연산과 기만 거리와 연관된 라플라시안

학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 자연과학대학 수리과학부, 2018. 8. Raphael Ponge.This thesis consists of the following three chaptersAbstract i 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Oscillating integrals and pseudodifferential operators on noncommutative tori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Pseudodifferential calculus on noncommutative tori . . . . . . 2 1.3 Laplacians associated with Riemannian metrics on noncommutative tori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Oscillating integrals and PDOs on noncommutative tori 5 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2 Noncommutative Tori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2.1 Noncommutative tori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2.2 Dynamics on A_x0012_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2.3 Distributions on A_x0012_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.2.4 Differential operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.3 Classes of Symbols on Noncommutative Tori . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.3.1 Standard symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.3.2 Homogeneous and classical symbols . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.4 Amplitudes and Oscillating Integrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.4.1 Spaces of amplitudes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.4.2 A_x0012_-Valued oscillating integrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2.5 Pseudodifferential Operators on Noncommutative Tori . . . . 42 2.5.1 PDOs associated with amplitudes . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 2.5.2 PDOs associated with symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 2.5.3 Smoothing operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 2.A Integration in Locally Convex Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 2.A.1 Riemann integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 2.A.2 Lebesgue integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 2.B Differentiable Maps with Values in Locally Convex Spaces . . 61 2.B.1 Differentiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 2.B.2 Differentiation under the integral sign . . . . . . . . . . 68 2.B.3 Fourier transform and Schwartz's class . . . . . . . . . 70 3 Pseudodifferential calculus on noncommutative tori 75 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 3.2 Composition of PDOs. Amplitudes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 3.3 Composition of PDOs. Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 3.4 Adjoints of PDOs. Action on A 1 _x0012_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 3.5 Sobolev Spaces on Noncommutative Tori . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 3.6 Boundedness and Sobolev Mapping Properties . . . . . . . . . 108 3.7 Ellipticity and Parametrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 3.8 Spectral Theory of Elliptic Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 3.8.1 Fredholm properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 3.8.2 Spectra of positive order elliptic PDOs . . . . . . . . . 120 3.9 Trace-Class and Schatten-Classes Properties of PDOs . . . . . 124 3.9.1 Schatten classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 3.9.2 Schatten-classes properties of PDOs . . . . . . . . . . 127 4 Laplacians associated with Riemannian metrics on noncommutative tori 130 4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 4.2 Riemannian metrics on Noncommutative Tori . . . . . . . . . 131 4.2.1 Matrices over noncommutative tori . . . . . . . . . . . 131 4.2.2 Riemannian metrics on noncommutative tori . . . . . . 134 4.3 Laplacians on Noncommutative Tori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Abstract (in Korean) 150Docto

A 160nW 63.9fJ/conversion-step Capacitance-to-Digital Converter for Ultra-Low-Power Wireless Sensor Nodes

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초등학생의 자아존중감과 주관적안녕감의 관계에서 사회적지지의 조절효과

학위논문(석사)--아주대학교 교육대학원 :상담심리,2016. 2본 연구는 초등학생의 자아존중감, 친구, 가족, 교사의 사회적지지, 주관적 안녕감 간의 관계를 파악하고, 초등학생이 지각하는 자아존중감과 주관적 안녕감의 관계에서 친구, 가족, 교사 사회적지지의 조절효과를 확인해 보고자 하였다. 본 연구에서 수집된 자료들은 SPSS 20.0 프로그램을 이용하여 상관관계 분석, 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 상관관계 분석 결과, 자아존중감, 친구, 가족, 교사 사회적지지 모두 주관적 안녕감과 유의미한 정적상관을 보였다. 둘째, 친구, 가족, 교사 사회적지지의 위계적 회귀분석 결과, 가족 사회적지지는 자아존중감에 대해 조절효과를 보였으며, 친구, 교사 사회적지지는 조절효과가 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 자아존중감, 친구, 가족, 교사 사회적지지와 주관적 안녕감의 정적상관과 아동의 자아존중감이 주관적 안녕감에 영향을 미치는 데 있어 가족의 사회적지지가 조절효과를 보임을 확인함으로써 교육현장 및 학교상담 현장에서 아동의 주관적 안녕감 증진을 위한 자아존중감 향상 및 긍정적 사회적지지 지원을 위한 교육프로그램을 개발하고 적용하는 데 있어 정보를 제공함에 그 의의가 있다. 또한 가족 사회지지의 지지체계를 활성화하는 프로그램을 개발하는데 있어 정보를 제공함에 그 의의가 있다.Ⅰ. 서론 1 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1 2. 연구문제 7 Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 8 1. 주관적 안녕감 8 2. 자아존중감 13 3. 사회적지지 16 Ⅲ. 연구방법 20 1. 연구대상 20 2. 연구도구 21 3. 자료 분석 25 Ⅳ. 연구결과 26 1. 자아존중감, 사회적지지, 주관적 안녕감의 상관관계 26 2. 자아존중감과 주관적 안녕감의 관계에서 사회적지지의 조절효과 27 Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 35 1. 요약 및 논의 35 2. 결론 및 제언 38 참고문헌 40 부록 46Maste