23 research outputs found

    Study on Creating Metal Hollowware by Capturing the Form of Rubber Membrane

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋””์ž์ธํ•™๋ถ€ ๊ณต์˜ˆ์ „๊ณต, 2020. 8. ๋ฐฑ๊ฒฝ์ฐฌ.๊ณ ๋ฌดํ’์„ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํƒ„์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง‰์€ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ , ๊ทœ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์•„ํ† ํฌ์Šคatopos์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์  ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฌดํ•œํ•œ ๊ณ ๋ฌด ๋ง‰๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋งบ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ์„ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‹ด์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋ฌด ํƒ„์„ฑ์€์•ฝ 1,000% ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์‹ ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ , ์™ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹จ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์›์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณต์›๋˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ฌด์˜ ์„ฑ์งˆ์ด๋ผ ์ •์˜๋œ๋‹ค. ์‚ด๊ฒฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๊ณ ๋ฌด๋Š” ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง„ ํž˜์— ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋งž์„œ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด๋ฉฐ ์†Œํ†ตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ์€ ์–‡์€ ๋‘๊ป˜์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฌด ๋ง‰์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ „์‚ฌ๋˜์–ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์ด์ž, ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‚˜๋‰œ ๋‘ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธˆ์† ๋˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ธˆ์† ๋ชจํ˜•์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธˆ์† ํ”ผ๋ง‰์„ ์ž…ํ˜€ ๋‘๊ป˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์กฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹ค. ์•„ํ† ํฌ์Šค์ธ ๊ณ ๋ฌด ๋ง‰๊ณผ์˜ ๊ต๊ฐ์€ ์ž๊ทน์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋ฉด ๊ณง๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฐฐ๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ผ์‹œ์  ํ˜•์ƒ์„ ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜๊ตฌํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ฌผๅ™จ็‰ฉ์˜ ๋ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ์••์—ฐ๊ณต์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๊ธˆ์† ํŒ์žฌ์™€ ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ ์ƒ์„ฑ ํŒ์žฌ์˜ ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ด์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ธ ๋•œ์งˆ๊ณผ ์šฉ์ ‘์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ ์ƒ์„ฑํŒ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ ‘ํ•ฉ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”์•ˆ-๋ฐ–, ํ˜•ํƒœ-๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ์šฉ๋„-๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋“ฑ ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์š”์†Œ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ค‘์ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ค์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‚˜, ์šฉ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์„ ๋”์šฑ ๋ถ€๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋Š” ์˜๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํƒํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋ฌด ๋ง‰์˜ ๊ธด์žฅ๊ฐ, ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ œ์ž‘ ๊ณผ์ •์— ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ์–ด๋ ค์›€์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ข…์ข… ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฏธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์—ด์–ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐฝ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—… ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ž‘์—…๋“ค์€ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฆ‰ํฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋Š” ์œ ํฌ์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ œ์ž‘ ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜๊ฐ์˜ ์›์ฒœ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋“ค์€ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ˆœ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฐ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์™„์„ฑ์ž‘์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์ž์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์ฐฝ์ž‘ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ์„œ ์ฝํžˆ๊ณ , ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค.Thin membrane of elastic material has the quality of atopos; unclassifiable, undefiable. This study focuses on the relationship with rubber sheet which has limitless possibilities of its appearance and the attempt to capture its instant form. Rubber-elasticity is described as a rubber-like quality to stretch to up to 1000% of its size and return to its original state. Rubber, elastic and tender like flesh, interact with a given force by pushing it out and embracing it at the same time. The form of interaction is distinguished when applied on a thin membrane of rubber. I aimed to use this rubber membrane as a material to create a wall and an expression of relationship between a space and the outside world. Electroforming is a metal forming method in which metal parts are fabricated through electrodeposition on a metal or nonmetal model. Interaction with a rubber sheet was a momentary thing that changed its form whenever the force changed its shape or strength. I tried to solidify its instant form by electroforming it into metal. In order to create hollow-form vessels, I studied methods to combine electroformed metal sheets with general metal sheets. I found problems caused by heating metal while brazing and welding and experimented to overcome these problems. Work-study focuses on relationships between the basic elements of a container, such as interior-exterior, form-function, use- function. I did not eliminate the works functional qualities, but in cases, I chose to challenge them in order to emphasize the containers basic elements. The tension of rubber membrane and uncertainty of electroforming process often came as an uncontrollable difficulty, but they sometimes opened up new possibilities. Different from the general metalworking process which requires precise design and plan, the works often started from playful moments with the material and the unexpected factors in the progress also became an inspiration. These inspirations had bright instantaneous energies and carrying them to the finish line of work required the workers finest skills. I expect this study to be read as one of new methods to create art and become an opportunity to make the readers think about the values of space in hollowware.I. ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ง 1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋™๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ชฉ์  1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3 II. ๊ณ ๋ฌด ๋ง‰ 4 1. ๊ณ ๋ฌด ํƒ„์„ฑ 5 1.1. ๊ณ ๋ฌด ํƒ„์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 5 1.2. ๊ณ ๋ฌด ํƒ„์„ฑ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ํŠน์ง• 10 1.3. ๊ณ ๋ฌด ํƒ„์„ฑ์˜ ์ด‰๊ฐ์  ํŠน์ง• 16 2. ๊ฐ€์‹œํ™”๋œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฌด ๋ง‰ 19 2.1. ์•„ํ† ํฌ์Šคatopos 19 2.2. ๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‹ธ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 22 III. ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ณ ํ˜•ํ™” 24 1. ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ 24 1.1. ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ์˜ ์“ฐ์ž„ 29 (1) ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ณต์ œ 29 (2) ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์šฐ์—ฐ์  ํ‘œํ˜„ 29 (3) ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ 30 1.2. ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ๋กœ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ 32 2. ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํŒ์žฌ์™€ ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์กฐ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฉด์˜ ์ ‘ํ•ฉ 34 2.1. ๋•œ๊ณผ ์šฉ์ ‘์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ ‘ํ•ฉ ์‹คํ—˜ 38 2.2. ์กฐํ˜•๋ฌผ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์ ‘ํ•ฉ ์‹คํ—˜ 40 2.3. ์‹คํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  41 IV. ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 42 1. Dialogue.C [์ž‘ํ’ˆ 4] 43 2. Emerge [์ž‘ํ’ˆ 5] 46 3. Encounter [์ž‘ํ’ˆ 6] 47 4. Return to Sender [์ž‘ํ’ˆ 7] 49 5. Pipe [์ž‘ํ’ˆ 8] 52 6. ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์šฉ๊ธฐๅฎนๅ™จ [์ž‘ํ’ˆ 9] 55 7. Ring Hugger [์ž‘ํ’ˆ 10] 57 8. ์–‘๋ฉด์˜ ํ™”็ซ๋ถ„ [์ž‘ํ’ˆ 11] 59 9. Animated Affection [์ž‘ํ’ˆ 12] 63 V. ๋งบ์Œ๋ง 67 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 69 Abstract 72Maste

    (The) effect of self efficacy promoting circumvaginal muscle exercise on stress urinary incontinence, sexual satisfaction and quality of life of YanBian Women

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐํšจ๋Šฅ์ฆ์ง„ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ง€์—ญ ๋ณต์••์„ฑ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ๋นˆ๋„, ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ, ์„ฑ ๋งŒ์กฑ, ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋น„๋™๋“ฑ์„ฑ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ์‚ฌ์ „-์‚ฌํ›„ ์œ ์‚ฌ์‹คํ—˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค.์ž๊ธฐํšจ๋Šฅ์ฆ์ง„ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™์€ 6์ฃผ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์œผ๋กœ Bandura(1977)์˜ ์ž๊ธฐํšจ๋Šฅ์ด๋ก ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™, ์‚ฌ์ „ ์Šต๋“ํ›ˆ๋ จ, ์ง‘๋‹จ์šด๋™, ์šด๋™์‹ค์ฒœ๊ธฐ๋ก, ์ง‘๋‹จํ† ์˜, ๊ต์œก(๊ฐ•์˜, ์œ ์ธ๋ฌผ, ๋…น์Œํ…Œ์ดํ”„), ์ƒ๋‹ด, ์ด์™„์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณต์••์„ฑ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ 48๋ช…์„ ๋ชจ์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ 23๋ช…, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ 25๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ 2007๋…„ 1์›” 4์ผ~ 3์›” 15์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž๊ธฐํšจ๋Šฅ์ฆ์ง„ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ๊ด€๋ จ ์œ ์ธ๋ฌผ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” Hendericken(1981)์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์˜์ˆ™(1994)์ด ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ๋นˆ๋„์™€ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ฑ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” Derogatis์˜ ์„ฑ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์ฒ™๋„(Derogatis Sexual Function Inventory)๋ฅผ ์žฅ์ˆœ๋ณต(1989)์ด ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์€ ๊น€์žฌ์‹๊ณผ ์ด์ •์ฃผ(1999)๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„์€ SPSS 12.0 ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ x2 test, Fisher's exact test, t-test ANCOVA, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.1. "์ž๊ธฐํšจ๋Šฅ์ฆ์ง„ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ ์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ „ 7.30ํšŒ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํ›„ 1.09ํšŒ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ „ 5.561ํšŒ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํ›„ 5.76ํšŒ๋กœ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‘๊ตฐ ๊ฐ„์— ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(t=24.5, p=.000). ๊ต์œก์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•œ ํ›„ ๊ณต๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ๋„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด(F=23.69, p=.000) ๊ฐ€์„ค์€ ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.2. "์ž๊ธฐํšจ๋Šฅ์ฆ์ง„ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์ „ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” 14.26์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํ›„ 2.52์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ „ 13.60์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํ›„ 12.56์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‘๊ตฐ ๊ฐ„์— ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(t=-6.66, p=.000). ๊ต์œก์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•œ ํ›„ ๊ณต๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ๋„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด(F=25.91, p=.000) ๊ฐ€์„ค์€ ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.3. "์ž๊ธฐํšจ๋Šฅ์ฆ์ง„ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ฑ ๋งŒ์กฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์„ฑ ๋งŒ์กฑ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ „ 33.32์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํ›„ 41.27์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์•„์กŒ๊ณ  ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ „ 31.96์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํ›„ 32.27์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์•„์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‘๊ตฐ ๊ฐ„์— ์„ฑ ๋งŒ์กฑ์€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(t=5.73 p=.000). ๊ต์œก์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•œ ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ์„ฑ ๋งŒ์กฑ์€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด(F=22.70, p=.000) ๊ฐ€์„ค์€ ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.4. "์ž๊ธฐํšจ๋Šฅ์ฆ์ง„ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์ด ๋†’์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ „ 45.74์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํ›„46.61์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์•„์กŒ๊ณ  ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ „ 44.800์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํ›„44.40์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ ธ ๋‘๊ตฐ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(t=2.07, p=.044). ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ต์œก์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด(F=3.60, p=.064) ๊ฐ€์„ค์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.5. ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉํšŸ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์™„์ˆ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ตฐ์„ ์ดํ•˜๊ตฐ(n=4), ์™„์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๊ตฐ์„ ์ถฉ์กฑ๊ตฐ(n=8), ์ดˆ๊ณผ ์™„์„ฑํ•œ ๊ตฐ์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๊ตฐ(n=11)์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๊ฐ„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค(x2=2.43,p=.289). ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์„ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน๊ฐ„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ(x2= 6.10 , p=.037) ์ถฉ์กฑ๊ตฐ (U=3.50, p=.014)๊ณผ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๊ตฐ(U=4.50, p=.010)์ด ์ดํ•˜๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์„ฑ ๋งŒ์กฑ์€ ์„ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๊ฐ„์— ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ (x2=4.03, p=.045) ์ดˆ๊ณผ๊ตฐ์ด ์ดํ•˜๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’์•„์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ(U=4.50, p=.013) ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๊ฐ„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค(x2=1.86, p=.395).์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž๊ธฐํšจ๋Šฅ์ฆ์ง„ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™์€ ๋ณต์••์„ฑ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ๋นˆ๋„, ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์„ฑ ๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์ค‘์žฌ์ž„์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ณต์••์„ฑ ์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™์„ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆํšŒ์Œ๊ทผ์œก์šด๋™ ์ง€์นจ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self efficacy promoting circumvaginal muscle exercise on stress urinary incontinence frequency, related situation, sexual satisfaction, and quality of life of women in YanBian, China. The research design was a nonequivaent control group pretest-posttest design.A self efficacy promoting circumvaginal exercise program based on the Self Efficacy Theory of Bandura(1977) was developed that consisted of personal circumvaginal muscle exercise, beforehand learning training, group exercise, recording exercise frequency, group discussion, education (lecture, pamphlet, audiotape), telephone counseling , and relaxation.The participants were 48 women with stress urinary incontinence recruited from the community. 23 women were assigned to the experiment group and 25 to the control group. The experimental group was given the self efficacy promoting circumvaginal muscle exercise for 6 weeks from January 4th to March 15th, 2007. the control group was only given pamphlets.The Stress Urinary Incontinence Scale, developed by Hendericken's (1981) and translated and modified by Lee(1994) was used for measuring the frequency and related situation scores of incontinence. Sexual satisfaction was measured by the Derogatis Sexual Function Inventory(1979) that translated and modified by Chang(1989) and quality of life was measured by Kim and Lee's (1999).The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square, Fisher's exact test, t-test, ANCOVA, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test with SPSS win 12.0 program.The results of this study were as follows;1. Stress urinary incontinence frequency in the experimental group decreased from 7.30 to 1.09, but increased slightly from 5.56 to 5.76 in the control group with significant differences between the two groups (t=24.5, p=.000). differences were found even when controlling for educational level through ANCOVA (F=23.69, p=.000). Thus, the hypothesis "urinary incontinence frequency in the experimental group will decrease more than in the control group" was supported.2. Stress urinary incontinence situation scores decreased from 14.26 to 2.52 in the experimental group, and 13.60 to 12.56 in the control group with significant differences between the two groups (t=-6.66, p=.000). differences were found even through ANCOVA (F=25.91, p=.000). Thus, second hypothesis "urinary incontinence situation in the experimental group will decrease more than in the control group" was supported.3. Sexual satisfaction increased from 33.32 to 41.27 in the experimental group, and 31.96 to 32.27 in the control group with significant differences between the two groups (t=5.73 p=.000). differences were found even through ANCOVA (F=22.70, p=.000). Thus, the third hypothesis "sexual satisfaction in the experimental group will increase more than in the control group" was supported.4. Quality of life in the experimental group increased from 45.74 to 46.61, but in the control group it decreased slightly from 44.80 to 44.40. The difference between the two groups was significant (t=2.07, p=.044). but not differences were found when controlling for educational level through ANCOVA (F=3.60, p=.064). Thus, the fourth hypothesis "Quality of life in the experimental group will increase more than in the control group" was rejected.5. Additional analyses were done by splitting the experimental group to three groups according of frequency of circumvaginal muscle exercise: Women who did not achieve the exercise prescription (under-achievement group, n=4), women who achieved the exercise prescription (achievement group, n=8), and women who exceed the exercise prescription (excess group, n=11). The three groups were not significantly different from each other in urinary incontinence frequency (x2=2.43,p=.289) but differed significantly in urinary incontinence situation (x2=6.10, p=.037), with the achievement group (U=3.50, p=.014) and excess group (U=4.50, p=.010) decreasing more than in the under-achievement group.The three groups were also significantly different from each other in sexual satisfaction (x2=4.03, p=.045) with the excess group increasing more than the under-achievement group (U=4.50, p=.013). Quality of life did not differ among the three groups (x2=1.86, p=.395).In conclusion, self efficacy promoting circumvaginal exercise was effective in reducing incontinence frequency and incontinence situation, and increasing sexual satisfaction among women with stress urinary incontinence. This study provides a theoretical basis for women with stress urinary incontinence to continually practice ciucumvaginal exercise, as well as offering guidelines for promoting circumuvaginal exercise in nursing practice.prohibitio

    Factors influencing the health promotion behaviors among Chinese middle-aged women in Yanbian, China

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ ์ค‘๋…„ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ํ๊ฒฝ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ฆ์ง„ ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ •๋„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์š”์ธ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ํƒ์ƒ‰์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” 40~60์„ธ ์ค‘๋…„์—ฌ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ด 406๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 2004๋…„ 10์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 11์›” 20์ผ๊นŒ์ง€์˜€๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” Walker, Sechrist & Pender(1995)์˜ HPLP-โ…ก๋ฅผ ๊น€์ˆ˜(2001)๊ฐ€ ๋ฒˆ์•ˆํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ 52๋ฌธํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฑ…์ž„, ์šด๋™, ์˜์–‘, ์ž์•„์‹คํ˜„, ๋Œ€์ธ๊ด€๊ณ„, ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์กฐ์ ˆ ๋“ฑ 6๊ฐœ ํ•˜๋ถ€์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐฑ๋…„๊ธฐ ์ฆ์ƒ์€ ์ง€์„ฑ์• (1983)์˜ ํ๊ฒฝ ์ฆ์ƒ ๋„๊ตฌ 19๋ฌธํ•ญ, ํ๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ์ง€์„ฑ์• (1983)์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌํ˜„์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„ ์ธก์ • ๋„๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ํ๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„ 9๋ฌธํ•ญ, ํ๊ฒฝ์ง€์‹์€ Polit & Larrocco(1980)์˜ ํ๊ฒฝ์ง€์‹ ๋ฐ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ํ•œ ์†ก์ธ์ˆ™(1984)์˜ ํ๊ฒฝ์ง€์‹ ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ์†ก์• ๋ฆฌ(1997)๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ด 14๋ฌธํ•ญ, ์„ฑ ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ์€ Bem(1974)์˜ ๋‹จ์ถ•ํ˜• BSRI๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ฅ๋ถ„(1986)์ด ๋ฒˆ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ๊น€ํ˜„ํ™”(1992)๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„ํ•œ ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •๋ณด์™„ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ 10๋ฌธํ•ญ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ฑ 10๋ฌธํ•ญ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ง€๊ฐ์€ Speake ๋“ฑ(1989)์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ•๋ช…ํฌ(1997)๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„ํ•œ 2๋ฌธํ•ญ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ง€์ง€๋Š” Abbey, Abramis ์™€ Caplan(1985)์˜ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ „์ง€์•„(1990)๊ฐ€ ๋ฒˆ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์„ฑ์€(1997)์ด ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ 11๋ฌธํ•ญ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„, t-๊ฒ€์ •, ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋ถ„์„, ์ƒ๊ด€๋ถ„์„, ๋‹จ๊ณ„์  ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ์ „์ฒด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ •๋„๋Š” 5์  ์ฒ™๋„์—์„œ ํ‰๊ท ํ‰์  2.34์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝ์ „๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์€ 2.36์ , ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์€ 2.35์ , ํ๊ฒฝํ›„๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์€ 2.31์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ์„ธ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์œ„์˜์—ญ๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์ „์ฒด๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์—์„œ ๋Œ€์ธ๊ด€๊ณ„, ์ž์•„์‹คํ˜„์˜์—ญ์ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ 2.68์ , 2.53์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ์˜์–‘๊ณผ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์กฐ์ ˆ์ด 2.40์ , 2.39์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฑ…์ž„๊ณผ ์šด๋™์ด 2.12์ , 1.88์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„์™€ 6๊ฐœ ํ•˜์œ„์˜์—ญ์€ ํ๊ฒฝ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. ์ „์ฒด ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๊ฐฑ๋…„๊ธฐ ์ฆ์ƒ์€ ํ‰๊ท  ํ‰์  2.24์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝํ›„๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์ด ํ๊ฒฝ์ „๊ธฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐฑ๋…„๊ธฐ ์ฆ์ƒ์ด ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค(p=.002). ํ๊ฒฝ์ง€์‹์€ 6.94์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝํ›„๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์ด ํ๊ฒฝ์ „๊ธฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ๊ฒฝ์ง€์‹์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ(p=.011) ํ๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  ํ‰์ „ 3.01์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์„ฑ ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ํ๊ฒฝ์ „๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์–‘์„ฑ์„ฑ์ด, ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์™€ ํ๊ฒฝํ›„๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„ธ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„ํ™”์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ์—ˆ๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ง€๊ฐ์€ ํ‰๊ท  ํ‰์  2.23์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝ์ „๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์ด ํ๊ฒฝํ›„๊ธฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(p=.000). ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์ง€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” 41.05์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 3. ์ „์ฒด ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ •๋„๋Š” ์ง์—…์œ ๋ฌด(p=0.000), ๊ต์œก์ •๋„(p=0.000), ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ƒํƒœ(p=0.000), ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„(p=0.000)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝ์ „๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์€ ์ง์—…์œ ๋ฌด(p=0.07), ๊ต์œก์ •๋„(p=0.000), ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ƒํƒœ (p=0.000), ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„(p=0.000), ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์œ ๋ฌด(p=.013)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ด ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝํ›„๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์€ ์ง์—…์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค(p=.037). 4. ์ „์ฒด ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์–‘์„ฑ์„ฑ(126.60์ ), ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ(124.61์ ), ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ฑ(121.27์ )์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„ํ™”์„ฑ(112.52์ )์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค(p=.000). ํ๊ฒฝ์ „๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์–‘์„ฑ์„ฑ(127.13์ ), ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ(127.02์ )์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„ํ™”์„ฑ(113.89์ )์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค( p=0.000). ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์€ ์„ฑ ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ด ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝํ›„๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์€ ์–‘์„ฑ์„ฑ(126.62์ )์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„ํ™”์„ฑ(110.72์ )์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค(p=0.004). 5. ์ „์ฒด ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ํ๊ฒฝ์ง€์‹(r=.13, p=.007), ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ง€๊ฐ(r=.25, p=.000), ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์ง€(r=.17, p=.000)์™€ ์ˆœ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  ๊ฐฑ๋…„๊ธฐ ์ฆ์ƒ๊ณผ(r=-.19, p=.000) ์—ญ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํ๊ฒฝ์ „๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ํ๊ฒฝ์ง€์‹(r=.20, p=.005), ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ง€๊ฐ(r=.34, p=.000), ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์ง€(r=.14, p=.040)์™€ ์ˆœ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , ๊ฐฑ๋…„๊ธฐ์ฆ์ƒ(r=-.16, p=.017), BMI (r=-.16, p=.017)์€ ์—ญ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„์™€ ํ๊ฒฝ์ง€์‹(r=.32, p=.022)์€ ์ˆœ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  ํ๊ฒฝํ›„๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ง€๊ฐ(r=.24, p=.006), ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์ง€(r=.25, p=.004)์™€ ์ˆœ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  ๊ฐฑ๋…„๊ธฐ ์ฆ์ƒ(r=-.28, p=.001)๊ณผ๋Š” ์—ญ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 6. ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์š”์ธ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๊ณผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จ์‹œ์ผœ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์  ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ถ„์„(Stepwise Multiple Regression)์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ „์ฒด ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ์„ฑ ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ง€๊ฐ, ๊ต์œก์ •๋„, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ƒํƒœ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ง€์ง€์— ์˜ํ•ด 16.7% ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์–‘์„ฑ ์„ฑ ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ (ฮฒ=.26) ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ํฐ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ๊ฒฝ์ „๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ์„ฑ ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ƒํƒœ, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ง€๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด 23.3% ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์–‘์„ฑ ์„ฑ ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ(ฮฒ=.32) ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ํ๊ฒฝ์ง€์‹์— ์˜ํ•ด 9.0 % ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ๊ฒฝํ›„๊ธฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ๊ฐฑ๋…„๊ธฐ ์ฆ์ƒ๊ณผ ์–‘์„ฑ์„ฑ ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด 9.4% ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐฑ๋…„๊ธฐ ์ฆ์ƒ( ฮฒ=.26)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ปธ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]The purpose of this study was to investigate health promotion behaviors and its influencing factors by menopausal status in Chinese middle-aged women living in Yanbian, China. Data on 406 women between the ages of 40 and 60 were collected from October 1st, 2004 to November 20th, 2004. Structured questionnaires were used to collected data and consisted of 52 items on HPLP-โ…ก(health promoting lifestyle profile), 19 items on climacteric symptoms, 14 items on knowledge of menopause, 9 items on attitudes toward menopause, 20 items on gender identity, 2 items on health perception, and 11 items on social support. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square, Pearson''s correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The mean score of health promotion behaviors was 2.34 in all subjects and 2.36 in premenopausal, 2.35 in perimenopausal, and 2.31 in postmenopausal women . Among health promotion behavior subdomains, scores were highest for interpersonal relations and spiritual growth. The scores of physical activity and health responsibility among health promotion behaviors subdomains were lower than those of other domains. Health promotion behaviors and its subdomains were not statistically different across the three groups. 2. Among all subjects, the relationship between health promotion behaviors and general characteristics was statistically significant for occupation(p=.000), economic status (p=.000), marital satisfaction (p=.000), and education(p=.000). In premenopausal women, the relationship between the health promotion behaviors was statistically significantly related to occupation(p=.07), economic status (p=.000), marital satisfaction (p=.000), education(p=.000), and hormone use (p=.013). In postmenopausal women, health promotion behaviors were significant different by occupation( p=.037) 3. Among all subjects, health promotion behaviors scores were higher for of androgynous , masculine , and feminine gender identity types than scores of undifferentiated type women(p=.000). In the premenopausal group, health promotion behaviors scores of androgynous and masculine types were higher than scores of undifferentiated type(p=.000). In the perimenopausal group, no statistically significant differences were found by gender identity type in health promotion behaviors. In the postmenopausal group, health promotion behaviors scores were higher in androgynous type than the undifferentiated type(p=.004). 4. Among all subjects, health promotion behaviors showed statistically significant positive correlations with knowledge of menopause (r=.13, p=.007), health perception (r=.25, p=.000), and social support (r=.17, p=.000), and was negatively correlated with climacteric symptoms (r=-.19, p=.000). In the premenopausal group, health promoting behaviors showed significant positive correlations with knowledge of menopause (r=.20, p=.005), health perception (r=.34, p=.000), and social support(r=.14, p=.040), and was negatively correlated with climacteric symptoms (r=-.16, p=.017) as well as BMI(r=-.16, p=.017). Health promotion behaviors were significantly correlated with knowledge of menopause in the perimenopausal group(r=.32, p=.022) and with health perception(r=.24, p=.006) and social support(r=.25, p=.004) in the postmenopausal group. Health promotion behaviors were negatively correlated with climacteric symptoms (r=-.28, p=.001) among postmenopausal women as well. 5. In all subjects, gender identity, health perception, education, economic status, and social support explained 16.7% of the variance of health promotion behaviors. Androgynous gender identity(ฮฒ=.26) was the most influential predictor. In the premenopausal group, the combination of gender identity, economic status, and health perception explained 23.3% of the variance of health promotion behaviors, and androgynous gender identity(ฮฒ=.32) was the most influential highest factor. In the perimenopausal group, knowledge of menopause explained 9.0% of health promotion behaviors. In the postmenopausal group, climacteric symptoms and androgynous gender identity explained 9.4% of health promotion behaviors. Climacteric symptoms(ฮฒ=.26) was highest factor.ope
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