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    ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ์ผ๋ถ€์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ ๋†๋„์™€ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์–‘์ƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[์˜๋ฌธ] [ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ์‹ฌํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ K์ง€์—ญ์„, ๋Œ€์กฐ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋น„๊ต ์  ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ๋œํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ B์ง€์—ญ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์–‘ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ณดํ—˜์ž๊ฐ€ 1990 ๋ จ 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์— ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ‘ยท์˜์›์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ƒ๋ณ‘์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ๊ณผ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ๋„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” SO^^2, NO^^2, TSP๋“ฑ 3๊ฐœ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ฒ˜ ๋ฐ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ์—์„œ ๋‘ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ธก์ •์†Œ์—์„œ 1988๋…„ 1์›” ์ดํ›„1990๋…„ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ 3๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ธก์ •๋œ ์˜ค์—ผ๋„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋Œ€์ƒ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธ‰์„ฑํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ฐ์—ผ, ๋งŒ์„ฑํ์ƒ‰์„ฑ์งˆํ™˜, ๋งŒ์„ฑ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ง€์—ผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฒœ์‹๋“ฑ 4๊ฐœ ์งˆํ™˜๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ƒ๋ณ‘์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณดํ—˜์—ฐํ•ฉํšŒ์˜ ์ „์‚ฐ์ž๋ฃŒ์ค‘ 19 90๋…„ ํ•œํ•ด๋™์•ˆ์— ๋‘ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์„ฑํ•œ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์™ธ๋ž˜ํ™˜์ž ์ˆ˜์ง„๊ฑด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜ ์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์–‘์ƒ๊ณผ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋‘ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์ƒ๋ณ‘๋ณ„ ์ˆ˜์ง„๊ฑด์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ๋‚˜์ด๋ณ„๋ถ„ํฌ ๋น„์œจ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ ์šฉ ์ธ๊ตฌ 10,000๋ช…๋‹น ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์™ธ๋ž˜ํ™˜์ž ์ˆ˜์ง„๊ฑด์ˆ˜ ์ฆ‰ ์ˆ˜์ง„์œจ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์–‘ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ง„์œจ์„ ๋น„๊ต ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ๊ด€ ๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ง„์œจ์„ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ๋„๋ฅผ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ„ ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ๋„์˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด SO^^2๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ1.8๋ฐฐ(K์ง€์—ญ0.081ppm, B์ง€์—ญ 0.044ppm), NO^^2๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ1.4๋ฐฐ(K์ง€์—ญ 0.031ppm, B์ง€์—ญ 0.021ppm) ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  TSP๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ1.2๋ฐฐ(K ์ง€์—ญ 173.4ฮผg/m**3, B์ง€์—ญ 146.Oฮผg/m**3) ์ •๋„๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋ชจ๋‘ B์ง€์—ญ์— ๋น„ํ•ด K์ง€์—ญ์— ์„œ ๋†’์€ ๋†๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์˜ ์›” ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜์ง„์œจ(์ ์‘์ธ๊ตฌ 10,000๋ช…๋‹น ์ˆ˜์ง„๊ฑด์ˆ˜)์˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋งŒ์„ฑํ์ƒ‰์„ฑํ์งˆํ™˜์€ K์ง€์—ญ์ด 66.6๊ฑด, B์ง€์—ญ์ด 49.2๊ฑด์ด๋ฉฐ ๋งŒ์„ฑ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ง€์—ผ์€ K์ง€์—ญ์ด 14.7๊ฑด , 8์ง€์—ญ์ด 5.5๊ฑด์ด๊ณ  ์ฒœ์‹์€ K์ง€์—ญ์ด 22.8๊ฑด, B์ง€์—ญ์ด 16.8๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์•ฝ 1.3๋ฐฐ, 2.7๋ฐฐ, 1.4๋ฐฐ ์ •๋„๋กœ B์ง€์—ญ์— ๋น„ํ•ด K์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ง„์œจ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ (p๏ผœO.01), ๊ธ‰์„ฑํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ฐ์—ผ์— ์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ 10์„ธ ์ดํ•˜ ํŠนํžˆ 4์„ธ ์ดํ•˜ ๋…„๋ น๊ตฐ์˜ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์ˆ˜์ง„์œจ์ด ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‚˜์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์˜ ์ˆ˜์ง„์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด 4์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜๊ตฐ ์ค‘ ๋งŒ์„ฑ๊ธฐ ๊ด€์ง€์—ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋Š” NO^^2๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€ ์ˆ˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ผ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ผ ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ณตํ•ฉ์˜ค์—ผ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด K์ง€์—ญ ๋ฐ B์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์˜ค์—ผ๋„ ์ฐจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋‘ ์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋งŒ์„ฑํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜ ์ˆ˜์ง„๊ฑด์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ๋‚˜์ด๋ณ„ ๋ถ„ํฌ์™€ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์ง„์œจ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ์–ด ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ ์งˆํ™˜์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์— ๋…„๋ น๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ธ์ž๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ 4๊ฐœ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งŒ์„ฑ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ง€์—ผ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๊ด€ ๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋Š” NO^^2๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ S0^^2๋‚˜ TSP๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์ ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” S0^^2๋‚˜ TSP์˜ ์›”๋ณ„ ์˜ค์—ผ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์›”๋ณ„ ์ˆ˜์ง„์œจ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์–‘์ƒ๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ SO^^2๋‚˜ TSP ์˜ค์—ผ ๋„ ์ฐจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋งŒ์„ฑํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์ˆ˜์ง„์œจ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ๋ณผ ๋•Œ SO^^2๋‚˜ TSP๋„ ๋งŒ์„ฑํ˜ธ ํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์งˆํ™˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ญํ•™์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์‹œ ์ง€์—ญ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณดํ—˜ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ƒ๋ณ‘์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜ ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณดํ—˜ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ƒ๋ณ‘์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ถ•์ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง„๋‹ค The Morbidity of Respirator Diseases related to Air Pollution in a Specific Areas of Seoul Kwang-Soo Choi Dept.of Environment Science Graduate School of Health Science and Management Yonsei University (Directed by Professor Yong Chung, Ph.D) The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of air pollution on respiratory diseases. In the analysis of air pollution level, SO^^2, NO^^2 and TSP were measured at two air pollution monitoring stations(K & B area) of Seoul during Jan. 1988 - Dec. 1990. K area was more polluted than B area. In orders to assess the occurrence of respiratory disease, insurance out-patient records for the medical fee reimbusement submitted to the National Federation of Medical Insurance from Jan. to Dec.1990 were used. The results were as fellows; 1. The mean levels of S0^^2, NO^^2 and TSP in K area were 0.081ppm, 0.031ppm and 173.4 ฮผg/m**3, whereas those of B area were 0.044ppm, 0.021ppm and 146.0 ฮผg/m**3. The mean levels of above three air pollutants between trio areas showed difference about 1.2 times - 1.8 tines by air pollutant. 2. The monthly out-patient incidence rates for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, chronic bronchitis and asthma in K area were highered to compare with those of B area. The monthly out-patient incidence rates of above three chronic respiratory disease between two areal shoed statistically significant difference about 1.3 times, 2.7 times, 1.4 timers respectively. No difference were, however, short in acute respiratory infections . 3. On the whole, the out-patient incidence rates higher significant difference could be observed along the group of children less than 10 years. While, as the age was increased, the out-patient incidence rates was increased. 4. The association between air pollution and chronic respiratory disease was seen manifest relationship. especially, the strongly significant correlation was observed between NO^^2 and chronic bronchitis. On the whole, the levels of association were increased a little when complex pollutants. but no significance were shown.restrictio
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