76 research outputs found

    μ΄μ‹œν•˜λΌμ˜ μ „λž΅μ  선택에 λ”°λ₯Έ μΌλ³Έμœ μ‹ νšŒμ˜ ν˜•μ„±κ³Ό λΆ„λ‹Ή

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ κ΅­μ œλŒ€ν•™μ› κ΅­μ œν•™κ³Ό, 2017. 8. 박철희.이 논문은 μΌλ³Έμœ μ‹ νšŒμ˜ 뢄당에 λŒ€ν•œ 연ꡬ이닀. μΌλ³Έμœ μ‹ νšŒλŠ” 우읡 μ •λ‹ΉμœΌλ‘œμ„œλŠ” μΌλ³Έμ—μ„œ 처음으둜 μƒλ‹Ήν•œ 영ν–₯λ ₯을 κ°€μ‘Œλ˜ 정당이닀. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μΌλ³Έμœ μ‹ νšŒμ˜ 뢄당은 κ·Έ 자체둜 ν₯미둜운 μ‚¬κ±΄μ΄μ§€λ§Œ, λ…Όλ¬Έ μ£Όμ œλ‘œμ„œλ„ ν₯미둜운 연ꡬ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ μžμ•„λ‚Έλ‹€. μ•Όλ§ˆλͺ¨ν†  μΌ„νƒ€λ‘œμ˜ 정당이동 λͺ¨λΈμ— λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ ꡭ회 회기 μ€‘μ—λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 정당이 생기지 μ•Šμ„ 것이라고 κ°€μ •ν•œλ‹€. ꡭ회 회기 쀑에 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 정당이동은 정책에 영ν–₯을 미치기 μœ„ν•œ 이동이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—, λ‹€μˆ˜νŒŒλ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κΈ°μ‘΄ μ •λ‹ΉμœΌλ‘œ 이동할 것이라고 κ°€μ •ν•œλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μ΄μ‹œν•˜λΌλŠ” ꡭ회 회기 쀑에 μΌλ³Έμœ μ‹ νšŒλ₯Ό λΆ„λ‹Ή μ‹œν‚€κ³  μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 정당을 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆλ‹€. μ•Όλ§ˆλͺ¨ν† μ˜ λͺ¨λΈμ€ 합리적 선택 μ œλ„μ£Όμ˜ 이둠에 κΈ°λ°˜μ„ λ‘” λͺ¨λΈμ΄λ‹€. μ œλ„κ°€ νŠΉμ • μ •μΉ˜μ  행동을 μ΄‰μ§„μ‹œν‚€μ§€λ§Œ ν˜„μ‹€ μ •μΉ˜ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ 합리적인 μ •μΉ˜μ  ν–‰μœ„μžλ“€μ€ μ œλ„μ˜ μΈμ„Όν‹°λΈŒμ—λ§Œ λ°˜μ‘ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, μ •μΉ˜μ  κ²½μŸμžμžμ™€ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©ν•˜λŠ” λ§₯λ½μ—μ„œ 합리적인 선택을 ν•˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€. 이 논문은 상황 ꡬ속적 합리성 κ°œλ…μ„ λΆ„μ„ν‹€λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄μ‹œν•˜λΌκ°€ μ™œ ꡭ회 회기 쀑에 μœ μ‹ νšŒλ‹Ήμ„ λΆ„λ‹Ήμ‹œν‚€κ³  μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 당을 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ„€λͺ…ν•œλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ, μ΄μ‹œν•˜λΌκ°€ μΌλ³Έμœ μ‹ νšŒλ‹Ήμ˜ 곡동 λŒ€ν‘œμ˜€λ˜ ν•˜μ‹œλͺ¨ν† μ™€ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λΆ„λ‹ΉκΉŒμ§€ 이λ₯΄κ²Œ 된 과정을 κ²€ν† ν•œλ‹€. 이 논문은 μ΄μ‹œν•˜λΌκ°€ ν•©λ¦¬μ μœΌλ‘œ μžμ‹ μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό μΆ”κ΅¬ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•œλ‹€. λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œλŠ” μΌλ³Έμœ μ‹ νšŒμ˜ 뢄당이 κ²°μ •λœ 후에 μœ μ‹ νšŒ μ†Œμ† κ΅­νšŒμ˜μ›λ“€μ˜ 선택을 λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€. 이 논문은 정당이동 연ꡬ에 κΈ°μ—¬ν•œλ‹€.CAHPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1 CAHPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW OF PREVIOUS RESEARCH 5 2.1. Political Parties 5 2.2. Party System 6 2.3. Party Switching 10 2.4. Yamamotos Electoral Cycle Model 11 CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH DESIGN 15 3.1. Puzzle 15 3.2. Methodology 16 3.3. Theoretical Framework 16 CHAPTER 4. ISHIHARAS STRATEGIC CHOICE OF JOINING AND DIVIDING THE JAPAN RESTORATION PARTY 18 4.1 Background of JRPs Formation 18 4.2 Phase 1: January 2012 – December 2012 20 4.3 Phase 2: December 2012 – July 2013 26 4.4 Phase 3: July 2013 – May 2014 33 4.5 Ishiharas Strategic Choice and Situated Rationality 41 4.7 Critical Review of Yamamotos Model 46 CAHPTER 5. JAPAN RESTORATION PARTY MEMBERS CHOICES 49 5.1 Political and Administrative Reform and Decentralization Support Group 56 5.1.1 Electoral Incentive 52 5.1.2 Party Posts 54 5.2 Sunrise Group 57 5.3 Kinki Group 60 CAHPTER 6. CONCLUSION 63 BIBLIOGRAPHY 67 ꡭ문초둝 78Maste

    κΈ°νšμ‚¬ μ£Όλ„ν˜• λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œμ˜ μ „μ‹œ λ¬Έν™” 확산에 λŒ€ν•œ μ—­ν•  κ³ μ°°

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : λ―Έμˆ λŒ€ν•™ ν˜‘λ™κ³Όμ •λ―Έμˆ κ²½μ˜, 2019. 2. μ •μ˜λͺ©.λ§‰λŒ€ν•œ 자본 투자λ₯Ό 톡해 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§€κ³  λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ κ΄€λžŒκ°μ΄ μœ μž…ν•˜λŠ” μ „μ‹œλ“€, 이λ₯Έλ°” λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œλ“€μ΄ κ΅­λ‚΄ λ―Έμˆ κ΄€ 및 μ „μ‹œ κ³΅κ°„μ—μ„œ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ κΈ°νšΒ·μ‹€ν–‰λ˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œλŠ” κ΅­λ‚΄μ—μ„œ 비ꡐ적 짧은 κΈ°κ°„ λ™μ•ˆ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ „μ‹œ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ 자리 μž‘μœΌλ©΄μ„œ 이에 λŒ€ν•œ μž₯·단점이 λ…Όμ˜λ˜κ³ λŠ” μžˆμœΌλ‚˜, λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 담둠을 μƒμ‚°ν•˜μ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν•˜κ³  λŒ€μ²΄μ μœΌλ‘œ 두 κ°€μ§€μ˜ κΈ°μ‘°, μ „μ‹œμ˜ λŒ€μ€‘ν™”μ— λŒ€ν•œ 긍정적 μž…μž₯ ν˜Ήμ€ μ§€λ‚˜μΉœ 상업화와 νšμΌμ„±μ— λŒ€ν•œ 뢀정적 μž…μž₯으둜 λ‚˜λ‰˜μ–΄ 곡방을 νŽΌμΉ˜λŠ” 양상이닀. λ”μš±μ΄ 이 λ…Όμ˜λ“€μ€ κ΅­λ‚΄ λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 전체적인 쑰망이 μ—†λŠ” λ‹¨νŽΈμ μΈ 사둀 μ—°κ΅¬λ‚˜ 원둠적 μ œμ–Έμ— 그치고 μžˆλŠ” 정도이고 λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œμ˜ 쒅합적 영ν–₯μ΄λ‚˜ 역할에 λŒ€ν•œ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λΆ€μž¬ν•˜λ‹€. 이에 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” κ΅­λ‚΄ λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œκ°€ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ 열리고 μžˆλŠ” 원인과 배경에 λŒ€ν•΄, 또 κ·Έ μ„±κ²©μ΄λ‚˜ μœ ν˜•μ΄ 초기의 μ „μ‹œλ“€κ³Ό λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ—¬ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ³€ν™”ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 총체적으둜 μ‘°λͺ…ν•˜μ—¬ κ΅­λ‚΄ λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œμ˜ ν˜„ν™©κ³Ό λ³€ν™” 및 νŠΉμ„±μ„ 전체적 흐름 μ•ˆμ—μ„œ λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ”λΆˆμ–΄ κ΅­λ‚΄ λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œκ°€ λ―Έμˆ κ΄€κ³Ό κ΄€λžŒκ° λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ μ–΄λ– ν•œ 영ν–₯을 미치고 μ–΄λ– ν•œ 역할을 ν•΄μ™”λŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ 객관적 톡계 자료λ₯Ό 톡해 λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€κ³  특히 λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œμ˜ κ΄€λžŒκ°μ— λŒ€ν•œ 질적인 영ν–₯을 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ 이λ₯Ό 평가할 μ€€κ±°λ₯Ό λ„μΆœν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 연ꡬ κ³ μ°°κ³Ό 뢄석 κ²°κ³Ό, κ΅­λ‚΄ λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œλŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ˜ 흐름에 따라 μœ ν˜•κ³Ό ν˜•νƒœκ°€ λ³€ν™”ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, κ·Έ νŠΉμ§•μ„ 크게 μ„Έ 개의 μœ ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„λ₯˜ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ „μ‹œμ˜ 변화에 따라 μˆ˜λ™μ  κ΄€λžŒμžμ˜€λ˜ κ΄€λžŒκ°μ€ μˆ˜λ™κ³Ό λŠ₯동이 κ³΅μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ” 적극적 μ°Έμ—¬μžλ₯Ό 거쳐, μ†Œμ…œ λ―Έλ””μ–΄(Social Media)λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ ꡬ전 효과λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄λŠ” μΈν”Œλ£¨μ–Έμ„œ(Influencer)둜, μ „μ‹œ λ§ˆμΌ€ν„°(Marketer)λ‘œμ„œμ˜ κ΄€λžŒκ°μ΄ λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. κ΅­λ‚΄ λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œλŠ” λ―Έμˆ κ΄€ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μ „μ‹œμ˜ λ‹€μ–‘ν™” 및 μž¬μ •λ‚œ, κ΄€λžŒκ° κ°œλ°œμ΄λΌλŠ” λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„ λ™μ‹œμ— ν•΄κ²°ν•΄ μ£ΌλŠ” 경영 λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ… λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œμ„œ 큰 κΈ°λŠ₯을 ν•΄μ˜€κ³  μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , κ΄€λžŒκ° κ΄€μ μ—μ„œλŠ” λ§Žμ€ λŒ€μ€‘λ“€μ΄ 미술 μ „μ‹œλ₯Ό 비ꡐ적 μ‰½κ²Œ, 또 많이 μ ‘ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 기회λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜μ—¬ μ „μ‹œ κ΄€λžŒμ˜ 증가λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ™”λ‹€. 이와 같이 κ΅­λ‚΄ λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œλŠ” λ―Έμˆ κ΄€κ³Ό κ΄€λžŒκ° 두 μΈ‘λ©΄ λͺ¨λ‘μ— μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ™”μœΌλ©° 결과적으둜 μ „μ‹œ λ¬Έν™”κ°€ ν™•μ‚°λ˜λŠ” 데에 쀑심 역할을 ν•΄μ™”λ‹€.Blockbuster Exhibitions', which are created through massive capital investment and attracted by large audiences, are constantly being planned and executed in domestic museums and exhibition spaces in Korea. Although the Blockbuster Exhibitions have been discussed in terms of the advantages and disadvantages of the new exhibition form in Korea, it has not produced various discourses, but it has been generally divided into two keynotes, the positive attitude toward the popularization of exhibitions, or the negative attitudes toward the excessive commercialization and uniformity. Β Β Β Β Therefore, this study analyzed the current status and overall changes of the Blockbuster Exhibitions in Korea, explaining the causes and backgrounds of the them, and how their characteristics and types are changing compared to the early exhibitions. In addition, I analyze how visitors are reacting and how they are affected by the changes of the Blockbuster Exhibition patterns, including qualitative influences. In conclusion, Blockbuster Exhibitions in Korea have increased the number of visitors to the museums by providing them with an opportunity to access arts relatively easily. Visitors who were passive spectators became active influencers and marketers as well, creating word-of-mouth effects through social media. Also, Blockbuster Exhibitions have been playing a big role for the audience development and solutions of financial difficulties as marketing tools in museums. Thus, the Blockbuster Exhibitions have played a central role in spreading the exhibition culture through interaction between museums and visitors in Korea.제 1 μž₯ μ„œλ‘  1 제 1 절 연ꡬ λ°°κ²½ 1 제 2 절 연ꡬ ν•„μš”μ„±κ³Ό λͺ©μ  3 제 3 절 연ꡬ 방법과 ꡬ성 6 제 2 μž₯ 이둠적 κ³ μ°° 9 제 1 절 μ „μ‹œ 9 1. κ°œλ… 9 2. μœ ν˜• 및 νŠΉμ„± 15 제 2 절 λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œ 21 1. κ°œλ… 21 2. 생성 λ°°κ²½ 25 3. μœ ν˜•κ³Ό ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œ 34 제 3 절 κ΄€λžŒκ° 및 κ΄€λžŒ κ²½ν—˜ 39 제 3 μž₯ κ΅­λ‚΄ λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œ 45 제 1 절 λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œ ν˜„ν™© 45 1. μ „μ‹œ 횟수 45 2. μ „μ‹œ μž₯μ†Œ 48 제 2 절 λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œ 뢄석 51 1. μ „μ‹œ 지역과 μ‹œκΈ° 51 2. μ „μ‹œ 주제 58 3. μ „μ‹œ 양상 72 제 4 μž₯ κ΅­λ‚΄ λΈ”λ‘λ²„μŠ€ν„° μ „μ‹œμ˜ μ—­ν•  및 영ν–₯ 79 제 1 절 λ―Έμˆ κ΄€ μΈ‘λ©΄ 79 1. κ΄€λžŒκ° 개발 79 2. μ „μ‹œμ˜ λ‹€μ–‘ν™” 86 제 2 절 κ΄€λžŒκ° μΈ‘λ©΄ 89 1. μ „μ‹œ κ΄€λžŒ 증가 (양적 영ν–₯) 89 2. 미술 연계 ν™œλ™ (질적 영ν–₯) 93 제 3 절 μ†Œκ²°: μ „μ‹œ λ¬Έν™”μ˜ ν™•μ‚° 105 제 5 μž₯ κ²°λ‘  107 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 111 뢀둝 119 Abstract 143Docto

    λ‹€κΈ°κ΄€ 연ꡬ, 2006‐2010

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ˜ν•™κ³Ό μ†Œμ•„κ³Όν•™ 전곡, 2013. 2. μ΅œμ€ν™”.Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of invasive bacterial infections in children. Serotype distribution of pneumococcus is different according to the study period and region, and it is also influenced by type of vaccine used. The purpose of this study is to investigate serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of pneumococcal isolates from invasive infections in children by a multicenter study, between 2006 and 2010, when 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) had been widely used and 10 (PCV10) or 13-valent (PCV13) vaccine has just been introduced in Korea. Methods: From January 2006 to December 2010, 140 pneumococcal isolates from invasive infections in children younger than 18 years collected in 8 centers in Korea were included in this study. Serotype was determined by Quellung reaction or multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by E-test and interpreted according to the 2003 CLSI guideline for epidemiological comparison. Medical records of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results: The most common serotypes among 140 isolates were 19A (n=32, 22.9%), 19F (n=17, 12.1%), 6B (n=12, 8.6%), and 23F (n=11, 7.9%). Overall, the proportions of PCV7 serotypes were 45.0%, additional 3 serotypes in PCV10 were 2.9%, and 3 PCV13-specific serotypes were 29.3%. In a trend analysis of yearly serotype proportion between 2006 and 2010, PCV7 serotype had decreased from 62.5% to 21.4% (P=0.002), whereas additional 6 serotypes in PCV13 had increased from 21.9% to 46.4% (P=0.031). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done for 123 isolates, nonsusceptibility rates of penicillin, cefotaxime, and erythromycin were 88.6%, 23.6%, and 87.0%, respectively. Penicillin nonsusceptibility rates of PCV7 serotypes, additional 3 serotypes in PCV10, 3 PCV13-specific serotypes, and nonvaccine serotypes were 91.2%, 0.0%, 94.4%, and 85.2%cefotaxime nonsusceptibility rates were 17.5%, 0.0%, 47.2%, and 7.4%and erythromycin nonsusceptibility rates were 94.7%, 33.3%, 91.7%, and 70.4%, respectively. Conclusions: In this study of pneumococcal isolates from pediatric invasive infection between 2006 and 2010, the proportion of PCV7 serotypes decreased, while additional serotypes in PCV13 increased over time. Antimicrobial resistance rates were higher in PCV7 serotypes and additional serotypes in PCV13. These findings can be the basis of pneumococcal vaccine policy and treatment strategy of pneumococcal infections in children in Korea.Abstract ................................................. i Contents ............................................... iv List of tables and figures ......................... v List of abbreviations ............................... vii Introduction ............................................ 1 Material and Methods .............................. 6 Results ................................................. 12 1. Patients and pneumococcal isolates .... 12 2. Serotype distribution ........................... 14 3. Antimicrobial drug susceptibility ........... 29 4. Outcome ........................................... 39 Discussion ............................................ 41 References ........................................... 48 Abstract in Korean .................................. 53Maste

    An Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism in the Ξ±2B-Adrenoceptor Gene is not a Genetic Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease in the Korean Population

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    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a complex multigenic disorder, with significant inheritable elements having important roles relating to environmental factors. Recently, the alpha 2 adrenoceptor (alpha(2)-AR) gene has been reported to be involved in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between an insertion/deletion (I/D) in alpha(2B)-AR and CAD in Korean subjects. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The alpha(2B)-AR I/D polymorphism, which was located in the third intracellular loop of the receptor polypeptide, was examined in 292 patients (M:F=219:73) with CAD and 151 healthy control subjects (M:F=70:81) who visited the Cardiovascular Genome Center in Yonsei Cardiovascular Hospital. RESULTS: In the patient group, 77 men (35.1%) and 26 women (35.6%) had the I/I genotype; 105 men (47.9%) and 39 women (53.4%) a heterozygous genotype and 37 (17.0%) and 8 (11.0%) the D/D genotype. In the controls, 23 men (32.8%) and 29 women (35.8%) had the I/I genotype; 38 (54.3%) and 39 (48.1%) the I/D genotype and 9 (12.9%) and 13 (16.1%) the D/D genotype. There were no differences in the genotype frequencies between the patient and control groups, either in men or women. From a logistical regression analysis, the alpha(2B)-AR genotype was not significantly associated with CAD in our study group. CONCLUSION: The alpha(2B)-AR I/D polymorphism is not a risk factor for CAD in the Korean population.ope

    The Effects of the Ξ²2-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Polymorphism on theRisk of Essential Hypertension

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    Background and Objectives:Considering the physiological importance of the β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene, "functional" molecular variations of the gene might cause attenuated vasodilatation, leading to increased total peripheral resistance and; hence, ultimately result in hypertension. Significant evidence has been provided for the pathophysiological involvement of the β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) in hypertension. The genetic variation of the ADRB2 gene, to see if there might be any relationship to essential hypertension, was investigated. Subjects and Methods:One ADRB2 gene polymorphism, Arg16Gly (Arg→Gly variant), was investigated in this study. The genotypes of Arg16Gly in 318 hypertensive patients and 309 normotensive subjects were analyzed. Results:No significant differences were found in the allele and genotype frequencies between patients with hypertension and normotensive subjects. There was no association of the ADRB2 polymorphism (Arg16Gly) with hypertension or the other phenotypes measured in our study populations. Conclusion:Our data suggest that ADRB2 Arg16Gly polymorphisms are unlikely to confer the genetic susceptibility for hypertension in the Korean population. However, further investigation is warranted to clarify the relevance of ADRB2 polymorphisms in blood pressure regulation.ope

    The Impact of Apolipoprotein A-I Polymorphisms on the Lipid Profiles in Middle Aged Healthy Men and Women

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    Background and Objectives:Apolipoprotein A-I is the major lipoprotein constituent of high density lipoprotein in plasma. In this study, the role of two polymorphisms in the apo A-I gene was investigated on the serum lipid profiles and apo A-I levels in healthy men and women. Subjects and Methods:Blood samples were obtained from 417 subjects (M:F=169:248, mean age 47.2 years). The apo A-I genotypes were determined by SNP-IT assays using the SNPstream 25KTM system. Results:The frequencies of the A allele at the XmnI restriction site and position -75 bp were 0.25/0.23 and 0.19/0.17 in men and women, respectively. A strong positive linkage disequilibrium (D’=0.990) between two polymorphisms was detected. In men, the A allele at the XmnI restriction site was associated with significantly lower levels of triglyceride (p=0.028) compared to the G/G subjects, but no significant associations were detected between the G-75A polymorphism and any of the lipid traits examined. In women, each A allele for the XmnI restriction site and -75 bp polymorphisms were significantly associated with higher levels of apo A-I (p=0.032 and p=0.012). In the multiple regression analysis, the HDL, being a current drinker and the A allele of the XmnI restriction site polymorphism were major determinants of the serum apo A-I levels in women (R2=0.272, p<0.05). Conclusion:Our study showed that the A allele at XmnI restriction site in the apo A-I gene was associated with decreased triglyceride levels in men. Each A allele of two polymorphisms was associated with an elevated apo A-I level in women.ope

    Effects of family relationship on burden of family caregivers of older adult with dementia

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    κ°„ν˜Έν•™κ³Ό/석사[ν•œκΈ€]λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈκ³Ό κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ νŠΉμ„±, κ°€μ‘± μƒν˜Έκ΄€κ³„, κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ 뢀담감 정도λ₯Ό νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κ³ , μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈμ„ λŒλ³΄λŠ” κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ 뢀담감에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 νŒŒμ•…ν•˜μ—¬ μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈ κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ 뢀담감을 κ°μ†Œμ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 효율적인 κ°„ν˜Έμ€‘μž¬ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ κ°œλ°œμ„ μœ„ν•œ 기초자료λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜κ³ μž μ‹œλ„λœ μ„œμˆ μ  쑰사 연ꡬ이닀.자료 μˆ˜μ§‘μ€ 2009λ…„ 9μ›” 15일뢀터 2009λ…„ 12μ›” 04μΌκΉŒμ§€, μž¬κ°€ μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈμ˜ 가쑱원 151λͺ…을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬μ‘°ν™”λœ 섀문지λ₯Ό 톡해 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘ŒμœΌλ©°, μ—°κ΅¬λ„κ΅¬λŠ” μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈμ˜ μΌμƒμƒν™œ μˆ˜ν–‰λŠ₯λ ₯인 Activities of Daily Living(Katz, 1963), κΈ°μ–΅ 및 λ¬Έμ œν–‰λ™ 평가(μ΄ν˜•μ„, 2004), Family Environment Scale(Moos, 1986)의 κ°€μ‘± μƒν˜Έκ΄€κ³„ μ˜μ—­, Zarit λ“±(1980)이 κ°œλ°œν•œ Burden Interview(BI)λ₯Ό κΆŒμ€‘λˆ(1996)이 μˆ˜μ •, 보완 ν•˜μ—¬ ν•œκ΅­ν˜• κ°€μ‘± 뢀담감 λ„κ΅¬λ‘œ κ°œλ°œν•œ 것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.μˆ˜μ§‘λœ 자료의 뢄석은 SPSS/Win version 17.0을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹€μˆ˜μ™€ λ°±λΆ„μœ¨, 평균과 ν‘œμ€€νŽΈμ°¨, t-test, ANOVA(Scheffe 사후검증), ν”Όμ–΄μŠ¨ 상관관계 뢄석(Pearson's correlation coefficient), 닀쀑 νšŒκ·€λΆ„μ„(multiple regression analysis)을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€.1. κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ 뢀담감 μ •λ„λŠ” 3.1점(5점 척도)μ΄μ—ˆκ³ , ν•˜μœ„ μ˜μ—­λ³„ μ μˆ˜λ‘œλŠ” 노인-κ°€μ‘± μƒν˜Έκ΄€κ³„μ˜ 뢀정적 변화와 κ±΄κ°•μƒμ˜ λΆ€λ‹΄ 3.4점, μ‚¬νšŒν™œλ™ μ œν•œ 3.2점, μž¬μ • 및 κ²½μ œν™œλ™ μƒμ˜ λΆ€λ‹΄ 3.1점, κ°€μ‘± κ°„ κ΄€κ³„μ˜ 뢀정적 λ³€ν™” 3.0점, 심리적 λΆ€λ‹΄ 2.5μ μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. κ°€μ‘± μƒν˜Έκ΄€κ³„ μ •λ„λŠ” 27점 λ§Œμ μ— 18μ μ΄μ—ˆκ³ , μ„ΈλΆ€ μ˜μ—­λ³„ μ μˆ˜λŠ” 각각 9점 λ§Œμ μ—, 응집 6.1점, ν‘œν˜„ 5.2, κ°ˆλ“± 6.7μ μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈμ˜ κΈ°μ–΅ 및 λ¬Έμ œν–‰λ™ 증상 λΉˆλ„λŠ” 평균 1.7점(0-4λ²”μœ„)μ΄μ—ˆκ³ , 이에 λ”°λ₯Έ κ°€μ‘±μ˜ κ³ ν†΅μ •λ„λŠ” 평균 1.5점(0-4λ²”μœ„)μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. 가쑱이 μΈμ§€ν•œ μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈμ˜ μΌμƒμƒν™œ μˆ˜ν–‰λŠ₯λ ₯은 평균 1.7점(6점 만점)으둜 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€.2. κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ 뢀담감은 μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈμ˜ 일반적 νŠΉμ„± 쀑 가쑱원이 μΈμ§€ν•œ μΌμƒμƒν™œ μˆ˜ν–‰λŠ₯λ ₯에 따라 μœ μ˜ν•œ 차이λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μ—ˆμœΌλ©°, ν•˜μœ„ μ˜μ—­λ³„λ‘œλŠ” ν™”μž₯μ‹€ κ°€κΈ°(t=2.675, p=.009), μ΄λ™ν•˜κΈ°(t=2.171, p=.032), λŒ€μ†Œλ³€ 가리기(t=2.641, p=.009), μ‹μ‚¬ν•˜κΈ°(t=2.037, p=.044)κ°€ ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•œ 차이λ₯Ό λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ κ°€μ‘±μ˜ 일반적 νŠΉμ„±μ—μ„œλŠ” κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ μ—°λ Ή(F=2.880, p=.039), μ§μ—…μœ λ¬΄(t=-2.212, p=.029), μ£Ό λŒλ΄„ 가쑱원(F=3.771, p=.013), ν•˜λ£¨ 평균 λŒλ΄„ μ‹œκ°„(F=5.835, p=.001), λŒλ΄„ κ΅λŒ€κ°€μ‘± 수(F=3.976, p=.022), κ±΄κ°•μƒνƒœ(F=7.796, p=.001)에 따라 μœ μ˜ν•œ 차이λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μ—ˆλ‹€.3. κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ 뢀담감은 μ¦μƒλΉˆλ„(r=.42, p<.000), κ°€μ‘±λ‚˜μ΄(r=.20, p=.041), κ°€μ‘± ν•˜λ£¨ 평균 λŒλ΄„ μ‹œκ°„(r=.24, p<.015)κ³Ό μœ μ˜ν•œ μ–‘μ˜ 상관관계가 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , κ°€μ‘± μƒν˜Έκ΄€κ³„(r=-.47, p<.000), 응집(r=-.45, p<.000), ν‘œν˜„(r=-.42, p<.000), κ°ˆλ“±(r=-.31, p=.001), μΌμƒμƒν™œ μˆ˜ν–‰λŠ₯λ ₯(r=-.24, p=.008), κ΅λŒ€κ°€μ‘± 수(r=-.23, p=.012)μ™€λŠ” μœ μ˜ν•œ 음의 상관관계가 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€.4. κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ 뢀담감에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” κ΄€λ ¨μš”μΈμ€ κ°€μ‘± μƒν˜Έκ΄€κ³„, 가쑱이 μΈμ§€ν•œ μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈμ˜ μΌμƒμƒν™œ μˆ˜ν–‰λŠ₯λ ₯, ν•˜λ£¨ 평균 μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈ λŒλ΄„ μ‹œκ°„, κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ κ±΄κ°•μƒνƒœλ‘œ 전체 μ„€λͺ…λ ₯은 40.7%λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μ—ˆλ‹€. 이 쀑 κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ 뢀담감에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ κ΄€λ ¨μš”μΈμ€ κ°€μ‘± μƒν˜Έκ΄€κ³„λ‘œ 22.1%의 μ„€λͺ…λ ₯을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μ—ˆλ‹€.μ΄μƒμ˜ μ—°κ΅¬κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” κ°€μ‘±μ›μ˜ 뢀담감을 κ°μ†Œμ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μ€‘μž¬λ°©λ²•μ— κ³ λ €ν•΄μ•Όν•  사항 쀑 가쑱원 μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œλŠ” κ°€μ‘± μƒν˜Έκ΄€κ³„μ™€ κ±΄κ°•μƒνƒœλ₯Ό μ¦μ§„μ‹œν‚€κ³  ν•˜λ£¨ 평균 μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈμ„ λŒλ³΄λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ„ κ°μ†Œμ‹œμΌœ 쀄 수 μžˆλŠ” λ°©μ•ˆμ„, μΉ˜λ§€λ…ΈμΈ μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œλŠ” μΌμƒμƒν™œ μˆ˜ν–‰λŠ₯λ ₯을 증진 λ˜λŠ” μœ μ§€μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆλŠ” λ°©μ•ˆ 마련이 ν•„μš”ν•¨μ„ μ‹œμ‚¬ν•œλ‹€. [영문]prohibitio

    재무금육 μ‹œμž₯에 κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : κ²½μ˜ν•™κ³Ό, 2017. 2. κΉ€μš°μ§„.This thesis analyzes key issues in the financial markets such as IPO, stock issuance, and insider trading. In the first chapter, I examine the impact of expected skewness on IPO underpricing using a sample of 17,051 IPOs from 23 countries. The findings show that IPOs with high expected skewness have significantly higher first-day returns globally. Regardless of the difference in the estimation method or portfolio formation, the results show strong evidence of the skewness preference in the IPO market. Furthermore, I show that overpaying for IPOs with high expected skewness is more pronounced in countries with relatively high gambling propensity, a large number of non-religious populations, and individualism tendencies. Our results support the implications of recent theoretical and empirical models of the preference for skewness in international financial markets. In the second chapter, I investigate the link between market reactions to free-bonus issues and trading restrictions in unique issuance procedures. In Korea, free-bonus seekers spend approximately 33 trading days in line to get newly issued bonus shares. Therefore, investors who are motivated to buy or sell that are scheduled to issue a bonus will face trade restrictions for more than a month and a half. I show that the positive abnormal stock returns on the announcement and the ex-dates of free-bonus issues are associated with the degree of trading restrictions. The characteristic adjusted returns of announcement date (or ex-date) at the highest trading restriction stocks are 6.11% (5.50%) compared with 1.76%(1.46%) at the lowest trading restriction stocks. On the other hand, there is a statistically significant negative difference in returns between the stocks with the highest trading restrictions and those with the lowest trading restrictions around the pay-date where the trading restrictions are eliminated. These market responses are not fully explained by existing signal and liquidity hypotheses. I conclude that trading restrictions hypothesis is a driver that solves a puzzle that is not explained by the previous studies. In the last chapter, I analyze that predictability of insider trading on future stock price crash varies according to the types of insiders and the timing of the sale. Using insider trading data from Korea between 2005 and 2014, I find that largest shareholders tend to sell far before a stock price crash, while other types of insiders, including other large shareholders and executives, are more likely to sell immediately prior to a crash. Such pattern is more pronounced in firms with low CSR scores and low R-squares, but not observed among firms with high CSR scores or high R-squares. We also find that our results are stronger amongst firms with higher litigation risk. These findings suggest that largest shareholders may be well aware of the potential legal or reputational risk associated with insider trading while the remaining insiders may be less concerned.Essayβ… : Skewness Preference and IPO Underpricing in International Markets 1 1. Introduction 2 2. Data 7 2.1. IPO sample selection 7 2.2. Country- and world-level data 8 2.3. Variable description 9 2.3.1. Skewness 9 2.3.2. Variables 11 2.4. Summary statistics 12 3. Results 13 3.1. Portfolio analyses 13 3.2. Multivariate analysis 16 4. Additional evidence 20 4.1. Cultural dimensions 20 4.2. Additional tests 24 4.3. Long-term performance 26 5. Conclusion 29 References 31 Essayβ…‘: Trading restrictions of free-bonus issues in an emerging market 63 1. Introduction 64 2. Free bonus issues and trading restrictions 70 2.1. The Singularity of Koreas free bonus issue 70 2.2 Related literatures 72 2.3. Data and methodology 74 3. Empirical results 77 3.1. Summary statistics 77 3.2. Trading pattern and returns around Free-bonus issues events 78 3.3. Event returns and proxies for the degree of trading restrictions 80 3.4. Long-term performance and the investors long-term profits 83 4. Additional test 86 4.1. Market conditions 86 4.2. Freshness and staleness of the news of free-bonus issues 89 4.3. Factors driving FBI returns 91 5. Conclusion 93 References 96 Essayβ…’: When Does Insider Sales Predict a Crash 125 1. Introduction 126 2. Background and hypothesis development 132 2.1. Hypothesis development 132 2.2. Estimation model 137 3. Data and descriptive statistics . 138 3.1. Sample 138 3.2. Measures of Crash risk 141 4. Results 143 4.1. Main Results 143 4.2. Robustness test: Earnings announcement 144 4.3. Additional Evidence 147 4.3.1. Corporate social responsibility 147 4.3.2. Expected litigation risk 148 4.4. Price informativeness 149 4.5. Duration analysis 151 5. Conclusion 153 References 155 ꡭ문초둝 181Docto

    Split Masculinity and the Failure of Growth Narrative in Pierre

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ˜μ–΄μ˜λ¬Έν•™κ³Ό, 2017. 2. κ°•μš°μ„±.γ€Žν”Όμ—λ₯΄γ€λŠ” 19μ„ΈκΈ° 쀑엽 뢁미 μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 획일적인 젠더 이뢄법과 μ„±μž₯ 담둠에 문제λ₯Ό μ œκΈ°ν•œλ‹€. μ†Œλ…„μ€ 여성적 곡간인 가정을 νƒˆμΆœν•΄ λ‚¨μ„±λ“€μ˜ μ§‘λ‹¨μ—μ„œ κ²½μŸν•˜κ³  μ—°λŒ€ν•˜λ©° μžμ‹ μ΄ 여성이 μ•„λ‹˜μ„ 증λͺ…ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ 성인 λ‚¨μ„±μœΌλ‘œ μ„±μž₯ν•œλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ γ€Žν”Όμ—λ₯΄γ€μ˜ λΉ„μ „ν˜•μ  여성인물듀은 주인곡 피에λ₯΄κ°€ μ•ˆμ •μ μΈ 남성 주체둜 μ„±μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ°©ν•΄ν•œλ‹€. 피에λ₯΄μ˜ μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆ 메리와, μžμ‹ μ΄ 그의 μ΄λ³΅λˆ„μ΄λΌκ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μžλ²¨μ€ 피에λ₯΄μ™€ κ·ΌμΉœμƒκ°„μ  관계λ₯Ό 맺으며 κ΄€μŠ΅μ μΈ 이성애 μ§ˆμ„œλ₯Ό κ΅λž€ν•œλ‹€. λ©”λ¦¬λŠ” κ°€μ • κ³΅κ°„μ—μ„œ ν•œμ •λœ μžμœ μ™€ μˆ˜λ‹¨μ„ λΆ€μ—¬λ°›λŠ” 일반적인 μ—¬μ„±κ³Ό 달리 본인이 λ‚¨μ„±μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ μœ ν•˜κ³  피에λ₯΄λ₯Ό μ—¬μ„±ν™”ν•œλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·Έλ…€μ˜ μ§€λ°°λŠ” 남성 주체/μ—¬μ„± 객체의 μ΄λΆ„ν™”λœ 체제 λ‚΄μ—μ„œ μœ μ§€λ˜λŠ” μž μ •μ μΈ 것이며 λ”°λΌμ„œ 남성 쀑심적인 젠더 μ§€ν˜•μ„ μ „λ³΅ν•˜μ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν•œλ‹€. 이자벨과의 κ·ΌμΉœμƒκ°„μ€ κ·œλ²”μ  이성애 μ§ˆμ„œμ™€ 남성 주체/μ—¬μ„± 객체 이뢄법이 μ™€ν•΄λœ 관계λ₯Ό μ˜ˆκ³ ν•œλ‹€. 피에λ₯΄λŠ” μ΄μžλ²¨μ—κ²Œ λŒλ¦¬λ©΄μ„œλ„ 두렀움을 λŠλ‚€λ‹€. 피에λ₯΄μ˜ 남성성은 주체의 해체λ₯Ό ν–₯ν•œ 좩동과 이둜 μΈν•œ λΆˆμ•ˆ μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œ λΆ„μ—΄λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€. 피에λ₯΄λŠ” 기쑴의 남성성을 ν•΄μ²΄ν•œ μ΄μžλ²¨κΉŒμ§€λ„ 포섭할 수 μžˆλŠ” λ”μš± κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μ ˆλŒ€μ μΈ 남성 주체가 됨으둜써 이 뢄열을 λ΄‰ν•©ν•˜κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ 피에λ₯΄λŠ” 이자벨의 이야기λ₯Ό 남성적 κΈ€μ“°κΈ°λ‘œ μ „μœ ν•˜μ—¬ μž¬ν˜„ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ‹€νŒ¨ν•œλ‹€. λ©œλΉŒμ€ 피에λ₯΄μ˜ μ‹€νŒ¨λ₯Ό 톡해 λ‹ΉλŒ€ λ―Έκ΅­ μ‚¬νšŒμ— λΏŒλ¦¬λ‚΄λ¦° 젠더 이뢄법과 이에 λ°”νƒ•ν•œ 남성성에 문제λ₯Ό μ œκΈ°ν•œλ‹€. λ©œλΉŒμ—κ²Œ μ§„μ •ν•œ μ„±μž₯이 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄, νƒ€μžν™”μ™€ 경계 ν˜•μ„±μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ§€λ˜λŠ” 남성성이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 젠더 이뢄법을 ν•΄μ²΄ν•˜λŠ” 것이닀.μ„œλ‘  1 λ³Έλ‘  12 β… . μƒˆλ“€ λ©”λ„μš°μ¦ˆμ˜ μ„±κ·œλ²”κ³Ό μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ˜ κ΅λž€ 12 β…‘. μ„±λ³„μ΄μ›μ œμ˜ 해체와 피에λ₯΄μ˜ λΆ„μ—΄ 33 β…’. 글쓰기와 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λ‚¨μ„±μ„±μ˜ μ‹€νŒ¨ 49 κ²°λ‘  68 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 69 Abstract 74Maste

    Comparing Two Survival Distributions Using the Restricted Means

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