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    GIS ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”์ ๋„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถ”์ •๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ฑด์„คํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2018. 2. ๊น€์žฌ์˜.์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์€ ํƒœํ’, ์ง‘์ค‘ํ˜ธ์šฐ, ํ•ด์ผ ๋“ฑ ํ’์ˆ˜ํ•ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์นจ์ˆ˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์„ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์€ ๋‹จ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณต๊ตฌ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ง€์—ฐ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์€ ๋งค๋ฆฝ์ง€์—์„œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ž์›์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜จ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์‹ ์†ํ•œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž์›์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์™ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ์ˆ˜์™€ ํ”ผํ•ด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ด ๋ฉด์ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์นจ์ˆ˜๋œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŒ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด์™„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 2008๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2016๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋œ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์™€ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”์ ๋„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ–‰์ •์•ˆ์ „๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„ํ•œ 2008๋…„์—์„œ 2016๋…„ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ํ”ผํ•ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์ˆ˜, ํ”ผํ•ด ๋†๊ฒฝ์ง€ ๋ฉด์ , ํ”ผํ•ด ๋„๋กœ ๊ธธ์ด, ํ”ผํ•ด ํ•˜์ฒœ ๊ธธ์ด ๋“ฑ ์ผ๊ณฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ SPSS 23.0์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ฒ•, ๋‹จ๊ณ„์„ ํƒ๋ฒ•, ํ›„์ง„์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ•, ์ „์ง„์„ ํƒ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์œ ์˜ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ณผ R2 ๊ฐ’์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์— ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋œ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ฉด์ ๊ณผ ์นจ์ˆ˜ ๊นŠ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋กœ QGIS Desktop 2.18.7์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”์ ๋„์™€ ํ† ์ง€ํ”ผ๋ณต์ง€๋„, ๊ฑด๋ฌผํ†ตํ•ฉ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ธฐ๋ก๋œ ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์ˆ˜, ํ”ผํ•ด ๋†๊ฒฝ์ง€์˜ ๋ฉด์ , ํ”ผํ•ด ๋„๋กœ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด, ํ”ผํ•ด ํ•˜์ฒœ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด, ์นจ์ˆ˜๋œ ๋ฉด์ ์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ์˜ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ด์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ GIS๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 2016๋…„ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์— ๊ธฐ๋ก๋œ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ธก๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ฐ’ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 26๊ฐœ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋œ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถ”์ • ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ํ”ผํ•ด ๋„๋กœ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ R2 ๊ฐ’์€ 0.460์ด๊ณ , ์œ ์˜ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ 0.01๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋‚œ์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ˜ธ์šฐ์™€ ํƒœํ’์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ, ์ง‘์ค‘ํ˜ธ์šฐ์™€ ํƒœํ’ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ”ผํ•ด ๋„๋กœ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€ํ˜•์  ํŠน์ง•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋„์‹œ ์ง€์—ญ๊ณผ ๋†์–ด์ดŒ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋„์‹œ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด ๋„๋กœ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€, ๋†์–ด์ดŒ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด ๋†๊ฒฝ์ง€ ๋ฉด์ ์ด ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์„ ํƒ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. GIS๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด ์ •๋ณด๋“ค๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ, ํ”ผํ•ด ๋„๋กœ, ํ”ผํ•ด ๋†๊ฒฝ์ง€, ํ”ผํ•ด ํ•˜์ฒœ, ์นจ์ˆ˜ ๋ฉด์ ์„ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์นจ์ˆ˜ ๋ฉด์ ์€ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. GIS๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ R2 ๊ฐ’์€ 0.470์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์œ ์˜ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ 0.05๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘์•„ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ ํ•ฉํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž…๋ ฅ๋œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ํ”ผํ•ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ, ํ”ผํ•ด ๋„๋กœ์™€ ์นจ์ˆ˜ ๋ฉด์ ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ณ„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์›๋‹จ์œ„๋Š” 5.29 ton/ํ”ผํ•ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ์ˆ˜, -0.29 ton/ํ”ผํ•ด ๋„๋กœ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด(m), 20.82 ton/์นจ์ˆ˜ ๋ฉด์ (ha)๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ GIS ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 2016๋…„ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ถ”์ •๊ฐ’์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, GIS ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ๋” ๊ทผ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์ œ ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. GIS ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ์ž…๋ ฅ๋œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 2๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜์–ด ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ์ž…๋ ฅ๋œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ค‘์—์„œ ํ”ผํ•ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์นจ์ˆ˜ ๋ฉด์ ์€ ๋ฌธํ—Œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ์˜ ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋” ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  GIS ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ •๋ณด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ”ผํ•ด ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ํ”ผํ•ด ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์˜ ์ง€ํ˜•์ ์ธ ํŠน์ง•์„ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถ”์ • ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋” ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์žฅ๋น„, ์ž„์‹œ์ ํ™˜์žฅ์˜ ์ˆ˜์™€ ํฌ๊ธฐ, ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ์ˆ˜๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋“ค์„ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ์ˆ˜๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  4 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ 5 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ๋ฌธํ—Œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 8 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ 8 2.1.1. ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ •์˜ ๋ฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํŠน์„ฑ 8 2.1.2. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 11 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 14 2.2.1. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 14 2.2.2. ์ผ๋ณธ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 16 2.2.3. ๋Œ€๋งŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 18 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 19 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ 19 3.1.1. ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ 19 3.1.2. ์žฌ๋‚œ์žฌํ•ด ํ”ผํ•ด ์ •๋ณด 21 3.1.3. 2016๋…„ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 23 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ GIS ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ •๋ณด ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ 25 3.2.1. ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”์ ๋„ 25 3.2.2. ํ† ์ง€ํ”ผ๋ณต์ง€๋„ 26 3.2.3. ๊ฑด๋ฌผํ†ตํ•ฉ์ •๋ณด 27 3.2.4. ์—ฐ์†์ง€ํ˜•์ง€๋„ 29 3.2.5. ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ •๋ณด ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 30 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 32 3.3.1. ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ 32 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 35 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 35 4.1.1. ์ „์ฒด ์‚ฌ๋ก€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 35 4.1.2. ํƒœํ’๊ณผ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ˜ธ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 37 4.1.3. ๋„์‹œ ์ง€์—ญ๊ณผ ๋†์ดŒ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 40 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ GIS ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 44 4.2.1. ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ •๋ณด ๊ตฌ์ถ• 44 4.2.2. ์ „์ฒด ์‚ฌ๋ก€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 47 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ฒ€์ฆ 50 4.3.1. 2016๋…„ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์ ์šฉ 50 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  53 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 55 Abstract 60Maste

    Lyme Disease

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    Lyme disease is a vector-borne infection primarily transmitted by Ixodes ticks and is caused by at least three different but closely related species of borrelia. Although it is the most common arthropod-borne disease in the U.S. and Europe, reports of the clinical cases have been relatively rare in Korea. The disease may affect different organs, such as nervous system, joints, heart or eyes, and the clinical pictures include meningitis, cranial neuritis, arthritis, temporary atrioventricular block, and conjunctivitis. The cutaneous manifestations are erythema(chronicum) migrans, borrelial lymphocytoma, and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. Early localized infection occurs a few weeks after a tick bite, and erythema migrans is a classic cutaneous manifestation at this stage of infection. Several weeks later, early disseminated infection occurs with bacterial dissemination. Multiple erythema migrans-like skin lesions, neuroborreliosis, arthritis, and carditis can develop. Without treatment, the disease can progress to late or chronic infection, and then acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans may develop in addition to the systemic manifestations. The disease can be diagnosed with serologic tests such as indirect immunofluorescence test or ELISA. The recommended treatment is oral doxycycline or amoxicillin, and the treatment period is variable depending on the organ involved and the duration of the disease. A vaccine for the Lyme disease is approved for adults and commercially available in the Unites States. However, protection from tick bites by the use of protective clothing in risk areas and body inspection and removal of any attached ticks as soon as possible are the most important prophylactic methods. Chemoprophylaxis after a tick bite is also available.ope

    ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์—์„œ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D ๊ฒฐํ•๊ณผ ๋น„์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ์„ฑ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์˜๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ž„์ƒ์˜๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ, 2019. 2. ๊ณ ์žฌ์„ฑ.์„œ๋ก : ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D ๊ฒฐํ•์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํผ์ ธ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D ๊ฒฐํ•์ด ๋น„๋งŒ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์—์„œ์˜ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D ๊ฒฐํ•๊ณผ ๋น„์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ์„ฑ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: 2008๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2014๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹œํ–‰๋œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์˜์–‘์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด 3878๋ช…์˜ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D ๊ฒฐํ•์€ 25-ํžˆ๋“œ๋ก์‹œ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผD 30 U/L๋กœ ์ •์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ: ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D ๊ฒฐํ•์˜ 78.9%์˜ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์—์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์ด, ์ฒด์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ฅ , ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ ๋‘˜๋ ˆ, ํ˜ˆ์••, ํ˜ˆ๋‹น, ์ฝœ๋ ˆ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค, ์ค‘์„ฑ์ง€๋ฐฉ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” ๋น„์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ์„ฑ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฐ„ ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” ๋น„์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ์„ฑ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฐ„ ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰๋ถ„์„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์„์ˆ˜๋ก, ๋‚จ์ž์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก, ๋น„๋งŒ์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก, ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์ด ์žˆ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋น„์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ์„ฑ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Šน์‚ฐ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์ด, ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ๋น„๋งŒ, ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์„ ์กฐ์ •ํ•œ ํ›„์—๋„ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D ๊ฒฐํ•์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ์„ฑ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. (์Šน์‚ฐ๋น„ 1.77, 95% ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ 1.07-2.95) ๊ฒฐ๋ก : ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์—์„œ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ D ๊ฒฐํ•์€ ๋น„๋งŒ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ์„ฑ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is a widespread condition throughout the world. Recent studies have suggested that vitamin D deficiency is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adolescents. Methods: Data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008-2014. A total of 3,878 adolescents were included. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration 30 U/L. Results: Vitamin D deficiency was noted in 78.9% of the studied population. Age, body mass index, waist circumference, and blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in adolescents with suspected NAFLD than in adolescents without suspected NAFLD, while the mean vitamin D level was significantly lower in adolescents with suspected NAFLD. The multivariate-adjusted odds of suspected NAFLD were higher with increased age, male gender, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Individuals with vitamin D deficiency were at higher risk of suspected NAFLD (odds ratio 1.77, 95% confidence interval 1.07-2.95) after adjusting for age, gender, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with suspected NAFLD independently of obesity and metabolic syndrome in adolescents.Introduction 1 Material and Methods 2 Results 6 Discussion 15 References 21 Abstract in Korean 28Maste

    ๊ณ ์ถ” ์ž์—ฝ์—์„œ ๋น›๊ณผ ์งˆ์‚ฐ์—ผ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์•„์งˆ์‚ฐ์—ผ ํ™˜์›ํšจ์†Œ์˜ ํšจ์†Œํ™œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ „์‚ฌ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์กฐ์ ˆ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธๅคงๅญธๆ ก ๅคงๅญธ้™ข :็”Ÿ็‰ฉๅญธ็ง‘,1997.Maste

    Larger numbers of immature dendritic cells augment an anti-tumor effect against established murine melanoma cells

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    The dendritic cell (DC) is a potentially promising tool for cancer immunotherapy. To date, however, DC-based immunotherapy has not yielded data with which firm conclusions can be drawn. In the present study, we tested the dose-dependant enhancement of the anti-tumor effect induced by DCs. When large numbers of DCs were used, tumor growth was suppressed up to 41% when compared to control mice. Survival of the animals was prolonged to 54 days compared to the 33-day survival the control mice. The delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response induced was 26-fold higher than in the controls. Larger numbers of DCs also led to higher expansion of IFN-ฮณ-secreting-CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, the secretion of IL-12p70 and IFN-ฮณ by spleen cells were enhanced in proportion to the dosage. However, the level of IL-4 secreted from spleen cells was negligible compared to the level of IFN-ฮณ that was released. These results indicate that DCs induce Th1-dominant immune response and that more DCs could lead to better immunological results, a finding which was consistent with our therapeutic results.ope

    Development of an effective method for dendritic cell immunotherapy of mouse melanoma

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    Dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy is a strong candidate for the treatment of incurable cancers especially malignant melanoma. Nevertheless, the proper guideline of DC immunotherapy does not exist. The absence of the guideline is also an obstacle to clinical trials of DC immunotherapy. So we conducted this study in order to develop an effective DC preparation method for immunotherapy in mouse malignant melanoma. Mouse bone marrow-derived DC were stimulated with tumour antigen alone or tumour antigen plus a cocktail (anti-CD40 antibody +TNF-alpha+ IL-1beta) for 8, 24 or 48 h and the characteristics of these DC, such as surface molecules (CD40, CD80, CD86, MHC class II, CCR7), cytokines(IL-12, IFN-gamma, and IL-10), DC-induced T cell proliferation in vitro, and the production of IFN-gamma by those cells, were evaluated. Mice with melanoma were then treated with DC stimulated with tumour antigen alone and tumour antigen plus cocktail for 8 or 48 h. The tumour size and survival rate of these mice were then evaluated. (1) Beneficial clinical effects such as a reduction of tumour size and an increased survival rate were best observed in the group treated with DC stimulated for 8 h with tumour antigen plus cocktail. (2) The single prominent characteristic of DC stimulated for 8 h with tumour antigen plus cocktail was an elevated IL-12 secretion. The cytokine IL-12 was not secreted by other DC. Consequently, proper production of IL-12 was found to be an important requirement for DC used in immunotherapy of mouse melanoma.ope

    Development of 3D printed laryngeal stent: an experimental rabbit model

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์˜๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2019. 2. ๊ถŒ์„ฑ๊ทผ.์„œ๋ก : ํ›„๋‘๊ธฐ๊ด€์žฌ๊ฑด์ˆ ์ด๋‚˜ ์œค์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ ˆ์ œ์ˆ  ์ดํ›„, ํ›„๋‘ ์Šคํ…ํŠธ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ํ›„๋‘ ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ›„๋‘ ์Šคํ…ํŠธ๋Š” ํ›„๋‘์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ํ•ด๋ถ€ํ•™์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์ •์ƒ ํ† ๋ผ์˜ ํ›„๋‘๋ฅผ ์‚ผ์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ์‚ผ์ฐจ์› ์ธ์‡„ ํ›„๋‘ ์Šคํ…ํŠธ(3D-printed laryngeal stent3DLS)์˜ ํšจ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์กด์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋˜ ํ›„๋‘ ์Šคํ…ํŠธ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•จ์ด๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: 10 ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ ํฐ ํ† ๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ ˆ๊ฐœ์ˆ ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ›„๋‘๋ฎ๊ฐœ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„ฑ๋ฌธํ•˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ผ์ฐจ์› ์ธ์‡„ ํ›„๋‘ ์Šคํ…ํŠธ์™€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์‚ฝ๊ด€ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ํ›„๋‘ ์Šคํ…ํŠธ(conventional laryngeal stent using endotracheal tubeETLS)๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‚ด์‹œ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ง„๊ณผ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ ๊ตฐ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œก์•„ ์กฐ์ง ํ˜•์„ฑ, ๊ถค์–‘, ๋ถ€์ข… ๋“ฑ์˜ ์—ผ์ฆ ๋ฐ˜์‘์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ: ๋‚ด์‹œ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‘ ๊ตฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ›„๋‘๋ฎ๊ฐœ์—์„œ ์œก์•„ ์กฐ์ง ํ˜•์„ฑ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ETLS ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๋”์šฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ํฌ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ํ›„๋‘ ์Šคํ…ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ ํ›„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ ๋‚ด์‹œ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ํ›„๋‘๋ฎ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ›„๋‘ ํ‘œ๋ฉด, ์„ฑ๋ฌธ ๋†’์ด์˜ ์ „๊ต๋ จ, ํ”ผ์—ด์—ฐ๊ณจ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ๋Œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๋ฌธํ•˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์•ž ๋ฒฝ์—์„œ ์œก์•„ ์กฐ์ง ํ˜•์„ฑ, ๊ถค์–‘ ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์ข…์˜ ์†Œ๊ฒฌ์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ETLS ๊ตฐ์€ 3DLS ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์‹ฌํ•œ ์ •๋„์˜ ์—ผ์ฆ ๋ฐ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก : ๋‚ด์‹œ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์™€ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ๊ด€์ฐฐ์—์„œ 3DLS ๊ตฐ์ด ETLS ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›„๋‘ ์กฐ์ง์— ๋” ์ ์€ ์—ผ์ฆ ๋ฐ˜์‘ ๋ฐ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ 3DLS๊ฐ€ ํ›„๋‘ ์žฌ๊ฑด ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ํ›„ ํ›„๋‘ ์Šคํ…ํŠธ๋กœ์จ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ž„์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค.Introduction: Laryngeal stent is often applied for stabilization of laryngeal framework, following laryngotracheal reconstruction or cricotracheal resection. However, laryngeal stent might induce complications to the airway due to complex anatomical conformation of the laryngeal airway. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of 3D printed laryngeal stent (3DLS) made with three-dimensional reconstruction of the larynx of normal rabbit. Methods: Ten New Zealand White rabbits were divided into two groups by the type of laryngeal stent: with 3DLS or with conventional laryngeal stent using endotracheal tube (ETLS). These two groups were compared by endoscopic airway evaluation and histologic analysis. Results: Over time, granulation formation of epiglottis increased in both groups, but it was increased more in the ETLS group on serial endoscopic exam. On histologic exam, inflammatory reaction was presented dependently on anatomical site. However, the ETLS group showed more inflammatory changes than 3DLS group overall. Conclusions: 3DLS induced less inflammatory reaction and tissue damage than ETLS at the larynx. It appears to be a promising laryngeal stent.์ดˆ๋ก 1 ๋ชฉ์ฐจ 2 ํ‘œ ๋ฐ Figure ๋ชฉ๋ก 3 ์„œ๋ก  4 ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 7 ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 17 ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 25 ๊ฒฐ๋ก  28 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 29 ์ดˆ๋ก (์˜๋ฌธ) 32Maste

    Optimization in multiple response surface models with modified desirability function

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    Thesis(master`s)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :ํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™๊ณผ,2006.Maste

    A Case of Palisaded Encapsulated Neuroma of the Eyelid

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    Palisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN) is a rare intraneural neuroma. It usually occurs as a solitary asymptomatic skin-colored papule, and commonly affects the butterfly area of the face of middle-aged adults. We report a case of PEN which developed on the right upper eyelid of a 30-year-old man. It was a 3 mm-sized skin colored papule, and histologically, there was a well- defined encapsulated nodule in the dermis, composed of spindle cells with basophilic and plump nuclei in a palisading pattern. On immunohistochemical staining, the tumor cells of the nodule were positive for S-100 protein, while the capsule of the nodule was positive for epithelial membrane antigen.ope
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