소아기 유뇨증에 대한 임상적 연구

Enuresis is primarily a childhood problem that has concerned parents and physicians since biblical times. To our knowledge, the earliest rec<) rded treatment approach using a combination of juniper, cyprus and beer appeared in 1550 B.C. (Glicklich, 1951). Various factors considered to be of etiological importance for enuresis have been described in the literature. Proposed etiologies are 1) genetic factors(Hallgren, 1960: Bakwin, 1961), 2) disorders of genito-urinary tract (Mahony et aI, 1971; Jones €I aI, 1972) , 3) disorders arising from disturbances of early life, such as bladder training(Brazelton, 1962) , 4) disorders due to stressful life events in early childhood (Heisel et aI, 1973) , 5) disorders of sleep or central nervous maturity (Camrbell et aI, 1966; Ritvo et al 1969; Petersen et ai, 1970) , 6) psychological or psychosocial factors (Hallgren, 1956; Werry and Cohrssen, 1960; Archenbach and Lewis , 1971). According to these etiological hypotheses, the site of lesion in enuresis has been placed in the psyche, brain stem, genito-urinary system itself, or the sociofamilial environment

Development of Meditation Treatment Program

ObjectivesZZDespite evidence of its therapeutic benefits and popular use for health purposes, meditation is out of the medicine in Korea. For the promotion of clinical use and research, it is ne-eded to develop the standardized and structured meditation treatment program. MethodsZZThe authors selected a traditional Korean meditation as the model for a new meditation treatment program and surveyed the practitioners of this form of meditation to collect information about its effects and safety. The original meditation was modified for the physically or mentally compromised to practice it. The modified meditation was then used with psychiatric patients and breast cancer patients. ResultsZZThe practitioners of a traditional Korean meditation were satisfied with the positive effects of meditation on physical and mental health. Original meditation was modified as a shorter and simpler form. In an empirical trial of the modified meditation technique, psychiatric inpatients sh-owed low motivation and little benefit, but the breast cancer patients reported improvements in phy-sical and mental status. There were no obvious adverse effects in either of the two clinical groups. ConclusionZZA meditation treatment program based on a traditional Korean meditation was developed and found to be safe in psychiatric and breast cancer patients. The program proved effective in improving the quality of life for breast cancer patients. Further research into the clinical efficacy and the mechanisms of this meditation treatment program is needed.N

Effect of Corticosterone on the Contents of Norepinephrine, Dopamine and Serotonin in the Rat Brain

It has been well known that glucocorticoid hormone can induce mental symptoms, mainly depressive or manic symptom. And many investigators suggest that some change in the monoamine contents can induce affective disorders, In this study, in order to investigate the effect of corticosterone on the brain monoamines in rats, the contents of norepinephrine(NE), dopamine(DA) and 5-hydroxy·tryptamine(5-HT) were determined fluorophotometrically two and seven days after adrenalectomy and we also checked the contents of monoamines before and after administration of corticosterone to adrenalectomized rats. The results are summarized as follows. 1) Two and seven days after adrenalectomy, there were decreases in NE and DA contents and an increase in 5-HT con ten t. 2) Administration of corticosterone in adrenalectomized rats caused increases in the concentrations of NE and DA, hut caused decrease in that of 5-HT. 3) The concentration of monoarnines were more markedly changed two days after adrenalectomy than seven days. 1) Changes in the concentrations of 5-HT were relatively dose-dependent but those of NE and DA were not so definite as 5-HT. In conclusion, it is strongly suggested that corticosterone may significantly affect the contents of dop· amine, norepinephrine and S-hydroxytryptamine in several regions of rat brain and these changes may playa role in the mechanism of steroid related mental symptoms