15 research outputs found
Effects of wedged insole angle on knee varus torque and electromyographic activity in healthy subjects
์ฌํํ๊ณผ/์์ฌ[ํ๊ธ]
๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๋ณดํ ์ wedged insole ๊ฐ๋์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์ฌ๊ด์ ๋ด๋ฒ ํ ํฌ์ ํ์ง์ ๊ทผํ์ฑ๋๊ฐ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ๋ณํ๋์ง ์์๋ณด๊ณ ์ ์ค์ํ์๋ค. ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋์์๋ ๊ฑด๊ฐํ ์ฑ์ธ ๋จ์ 15๋ช
์ ๋์์ผ๋ก ์ค์ํ์๋ค. Wedged insole ๊ฐ๋๋ฅผ ๋ดยท์ธ์ธก ๊ฐ๊ฐ 10ยฐ, 15ยฐ์ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฌ๊ด์ ๋ด๋ฒ ํ ํฌ์ ๊ทผํ์ฑ๋(๋ํด๊ทผ๋ง์ฅ๊ทผ, ๊ฐ์ชฝ ๋์๊ทผ, ์์ชฝ ๋์๊ทผ, ์์ ๊ฐ๊ทผ, ๊ฐ์๋ฏธ๊ทผ)๋ฅผ ์์๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ผ์ฐจ์ ๋์์์คํ
์ธ Elite์ ํ๋ฉด๊ทผ์ ๋ ์์คํ
์ ์ด์ฉํ์๋ค. MatLab 5.3 ํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ์ฌ๊ด์ ๋ด๋ฒ ํ ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ์ฃผ๊ธฐ 100%(0%: ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ง; 100% ๋์ธก ๋ฐ์ ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ง)๋ก ์ ๊ทํ(normalization)ํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ ์
๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์์ ๊ทผ์ ๋ ์ ํธ๋์ ์ต๋๋ฑ์ฒ์ฑ์์ถ๋ (%MVIC)๊ณผ ์
๊ฐ๊ธฐ 100%(0%: ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ง; 100%: ๋ฐ๊ฐ๋ฝ๋ผ๊ธฐ)๋ก ์ ๊ทํํ์๋ค. ํ์กฑ์ ์ฐฉ์ฉํ wedged insole ๊ฐ๋์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ํ๊ธฐ ์
๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์ ์ต๋ ์ฌ๊ด์ ๋ด๋ฒ ํ ํฌ์ ํ๊ท ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์
๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์์ ๊ทผ์ ๋ ์ ํธ๋์ ๋น๊ตํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋ฐ๋ณต์ธก์ ๋ ์ผ์์ธ ๋ถ์ฐ๋ถ์(one-way repeated ANOVA)์ ์ค์ํ์๋ค.
์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ด๊ธฐ ์
๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์ ๋ด์ธก 10ยฐ, 15ยฐ ๊ฐ๋์ wedged insole ์ ์ฉ ์ ์ต๋ ์ฌ๊ด์ ๋ด๋ฒ ํ ํฌ๋ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ ์ ๋ณดํ ์ ๋ณด๋ค ์ ์ํ๊ฒ ์ฆ๊ฐํ์๋ค(p>0.05). ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ธ์ธก 10ยฐ, 15ยฐ ๊ฐ๋์ wedged insole ์ ์ฉ ์ ์ต๋ ์ฌ๊ด์ ๋ด๋ฒ ํ ํฌ๋ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ ์ ๋ณดํ ์ ๋ณด๋ค ์ ์ํ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ํ์๋ค(p0.05). ํ๊ธฐ ์
๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์ ๋ด์ธก 10ยฐ, 15ยฐ ๊ฐ๋์ wedged insole ์ ์ฉ ์ ์ต๋ ์ฌ๊ด์ ๋ด๋ฒ ํ ํฌ๋ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ ์ ๋ณดํ ์ ๋ณด๋ค ์ ์ํ๊ฒ ์ฆ๊ฐํ์๋ค(p0.05). ๋ํ ๋ด์ธก 10ยฐ์ 15ยฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ธ์ธก 10ยฐ์ 15ยฐ๊ฐ์๋ ์ ์ํ ์ฐจ์ด๋ ์์๋ค(p>0.05). Wedged insole ๊ฐ๋์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์
๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์ ๊ฐ ๊ทผ์ก์ ๊ทผ์ ๋ ์ ํธ๋์ ๋ชจ๋ ๊ทผ์ก์์ ์ ์ํ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ ์์๋ค.
๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ์กฑ์ ์ฐฉ์ฉํ wedged insole์ด ์ฌ๊ด์ ์ ๋ดยท์ธ์ธก ๊ตฌํ ํ(compartment force)์ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ์ ์ ์์๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ ์ฌ๊ด์ ๋ดยท์ธ์ธก ๊ตฌํ ํ์ ์กฐ์ ํ๊ธฐ ์ํ wedged insole๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์ํ๋๋ฐ ํ์ํ ์๋ฃ๋ก ํ์ฉ๋ ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. ํฅํ ๋ดยท์ธ์ธก ๊ตฌํ์ ๋ณ๋ณ์ด ์๋ ํดํ์ฑ ์ฌ๊ด์ ์ผ ํ์๋ฅผ ๋์์ผ๋ก wedged insole ๊ฐ๋์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฌ๊ด์ ๋ด๋ฒ ํ ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋น๊ตํ๋ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ ํ์ํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
[์๋ฌธ]
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the angle of a wedged insole on knee varus torque and electromyographic activity during walking. Fifteen healthy subjects were recruited. Knee varus torque and electromyographic (EMG) activity were measured using three-dimensional motion analysis (Elite) and a surface EMG system. Knee varus torque was normalized to gait cycle (0%: initial contact; 100%: ipsilateral initial contact) and muscle activity was normalized to maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC) and stance phase (0%: initial contact; 100%: ipsilateral toe off). The averaged peak knee varus torque and muscle activity (tensor fascia latae, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior, and soleus muscle) during the stance phase of the gait cycle according to the different insole angles (10 or 15 degrees) were compared using one-way ANOVA with repeated measures. The results showed that in the early stance phase, the average peak knee varus torque increased significantly for both the medial 10 and 15 degree wedged insole conditions and decreased significantly for both the lateral 10 and 15 degree wedged insole conditions as compared with no insole (p 0.05). In the late stance phase, the average peak knee varus torque increased significantly for the medial 10 and 15 degree wedged insole conditions (p 0.05). Comparison of EMG amplitudes across all conditions revealed no significant differences among all muscles (p > 0.05). We suggest that these results may be beneficial for manufacturing foot orthotic devices, such as wedged insoles, to control medial and lateral compartment forces in the knee varus-valgus deformity. Further studies of the effect of wedged insole angle on knee varus torque in patients with medial-lateral knee osteoarthritis are needed.ope
Development of Neuronal Culture System for the Marine Mollusk Aplysia kurodai
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ผ๋ฌธ(์์ฌ)--์์ธๅคงๅญธๆ ก ๅคงๅญธ้ข :็็ฉๅญธ็ง,1996.Maste
Study on functions of the TM4SF5 intracellular domains
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ผ๋ฌธ (์์ฌ)-- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ : ์ฝํ๊ณผ, 2012. 8. ์ด์ ์.TM4SF5๋197amino acid๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฑ๋์ด ๋ง์ 4๋ฒ ํต๊ณผํ๋ transmembrane glycoprotein์ผ๋ก ์ฌ๋ฌ ์์ข
์์ ๋ฐํ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋์ด์จ tetraspanin์ subfamily์ด๋ค. Integrin๊ณผ์ cross-talk๋ฅผ ํตํด ๋จ์ผ ์ธํฌ ์ฐจ์์์๋ EMT(epithelial-mesenchymal transition)์ ์ ๋ํจ์ผ๋ก์จ cell์ morphological change ๋ฟ๋ง์ด ์๋๋ผ actin reorganization์ ํตํ migration๊ณผ invasion, ์ธํฌ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์ดํ ์กฐ์ ์ ํตํ cell proliferation ์ด์ง์ด ์๋ ค์ ธ ์๋ค. ํ์ง๋ง TM4SF5์ ๋จ๋ฐฑ์ง์ ๋งค๊ฐ๋ก ์ด๋ป๊ฒ intracellular signal๋ก ๋งค๊ฐ๋๋์ง ๊ทธ ๋ฉ์ปค๋์ฆ์ ๊ดํด์๋ ๋ฐํ์ ธ ์์ง ์๋ค. ๋ฐ๋ผ์ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์๋ ๊ฐ์ ์ธํฌ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ TM4SF5 ๋ง๋จ๋ฐฑ์ง์ intracellular domain๋ค์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ๊ดํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ํํ๊ฒ ๋์๋ค.
TM4SF5์ intra cellular loop domain๊ณผ C-terminal domain์ deletion mutant๋ฅผ ํตํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, TM4SF5์ ์ํ FAK ํ์ฑ์ TM4SF5์ intra cellular loop๋ฅผ ํตํ FAK๊ณผ์ ์ง์ ์ ์ธ binding์ ํ์๋ก ํ๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ฮฒ1 integrin antibody์ TM4SF5 inhibitor๋ฅผ ํตํด์ ๊ด์ฐฐํ ์ ์์๋ค. C-terminal domain์ ํตํด์๋ TM4SF5์ ์ํ p130Cas์ ํ์ฑ ๋ฐ ROS์์ฑ์ ๋ณํ๊ฐ ๊ด์ฐฐ๋์๋ค. ํนํ ์ธ๋ถ ECM์ ๋๋๋ณํ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ cell replating assay๋ฅผ ํตํด TM4SF5์ ์ํ p130Cas ํ์ฑ์ด ๋ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ ๊ฒ์ ๊ด์ฐฐ ํ ์ ์์๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ค์ ํตํด ๋ค์ํ ์ธ๋ถํ๊ฒฝ, ํนํ ECM์ ๋ํด TM4SF5์ ์ํ ์ผ๋ จ์ FAK ํ์ฑ ๋ฐ mechanosensing๊ณผ ๊ด๋ จ๋ p130Cas์ ํ์ฑํ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ด TM4SF5์ intracellular domain์ ์ํด ์กฐ์ ๋๋ ๊ธฐ์ ์ด ์กด์ฌํจ์ ์ ์ํ๋ค.Transmembrane4 L six family member5 (TM4SF5), a branch of the tetraspanin superfamily, is a tetratransmembrane glycoprotein that consists of 197 amino acid. Certain tetraspanins are highly expressed in tumor cells from many types of cancers, whereas TM4SF5 is reported to be over-expressed in hepatocarcinoma. The biological functions of TM4SF5 are predicted to be rendered in tetraspain-enriched microdomains (TERM), although direct evidence has not been previously shown. In previous studies, TM4SF5 is known to cross-talk with integrins and induces EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) at the cellular level, resulting in not only morphological elongation change through actin reorganization, but also promotion of cell migration/invasion and cell proliferation.
However, the direct roles of TM4SF5 in intracellular signal transduction remain largely unknown. Here we explored the mechanistic roles of TM4SF5 in intracellular signal transduction. In this study, we have investigated the roles of TM4SF5 intracellular domain by using its deletion mutants of the cytoplasmic regions of TM4SF5 in diverse functions human hepatocarcinoma cells. An interesting aspect in TM4SF5 roles was observed with respect to both its intracellular loop domain and C-terminal domain. At first, we found that the functional blocking anti-integrin ฮฒ1 antibody and TSAHC inhibitor treatment abolished TM4SF5-enhanced FAK signaling activity. Moreover, we identified that the binding between TM4SF5 intracellular loop domain and FAK was essential for the TM4SF5-mediated FAK activation. Further study of TM4SF5 C-terminal deletion mutant, we observed that TM4SF5 regulates p130Cas signaling activity and ROS generation via its C-terminal domain. In addition, we revealed that the involvement of p130Cas activity which is known to mediate mechanosensing is associated with the differential regulation by TM4SF5 C-terminal domain depending on time and different extracellular environment, in particular, extracellular matrix concentration under cell adhesion-dependent condition. It is of further interest to determine the identification of a role for TM4SF5-mediated p130Cas regulation during mechanosensing and or ROS signaling.
Altogether, this study suggests the mechanism of TM4SF5-mediated FAK activation and the mechanosensitive p130Cas activation via the TM4SF5 intracellular domains and partially gives a insight into the role of TM4SF5 in liver cancer.ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
REFERENCEMaste
Comprison research on system of strategic planning by country : focused on national human resource development plan of Korea, USA and Japan
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ผ๋ฌธ(์์ฌ) --์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ :ํ์ ํ๊ณผ(์ ์ฑ
ํ์ ๊ณต),2007.Maste
Standing wall stretching ์ ๋ด์ธก ์์น ์ง์ง๋๊ฐ ๋น๋ณต๊ทผ์ ๊ทผ-๊ฑด ์ฐ์ ๋ถ ์ ์์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ํฅ
Dept. of Rahabilitation Therapy/๋ฐ์ฌ[ํ๊ธ]
[์๋ฌธ]Standing wall stretching is often prescribed to increase ankle dorsiflexion range of motion for sports fitness and rehabilita๏ฟขtion. However, the effect of standing wall stretching with medial arch support on the displacement of the myotendinous junction (DMTJ) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of standing wall stretching with and without medial arch supports (WMAS versus WOMAS) on the DMTJ of the medial gastrocnemius, rearfoot angle, and navicular height in subjects with neutral foot align๏ฟขment and pes planus. Fifteen subjects with neutral foot alignment and 15 subjects with pes planus performed standing wall stretching under WMAS and WOMAS conditions. Measurements of DMTJ and rearfoot position were performed using ultra๏ฟขsonography and video imaging. Navicular height was measured using a ruler. Dependent variables were examined with a 2-way mixed-design analysis of variance. The 2 factors were foot type (neutral foot versus pes planus) and stretching condition (WMAS versus WOMAS). This result of the study showed that there were significant interactions of medial arch support by foot type for DMTJ, rearfoot angle, and navicular drop (p < 0.01). A post hoc paired t test showed that standing wall stretching in the WMAS condition significantly increased the DMTJ, compared to stretching in the WOMAS condition, in subjects with neutral foot (mean ยฑ SD, 9.6 ยฑ 1.6 versus 10.5 ยฑ 1.6 ใ; difference, 0.9 ใ; 99% CI: 0.4-1.4 ใ) and in those with pes planus (10.0 ยฑ 1.8 versus 12.7 ยฑ 2.0 ใ; difference, 2.7 ใ; 99% CI: 1.9-3.5 ใ) (p < 0.01). When comparing WOMAS and WMAS, the differ๏ฟขence in DMTJ (1.8 ใ; 99% CI: 0.9-2.7 ใ) was significantly greater in subjects with pes planus than in those with neutral foot (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that standing wall stretching with medial arch support maintained subtalar joint neutral position and increased the length of the gastrocnemius in subjects with pes planus. When prescribing standing wall stretching, clinicians need to emphasize the use of medial arch support to effectively stretch the gastrocnemius in subjects with pes planus.ope
๊ต์ก์ฐ๊ทน์ ํ์ฉํ ์ธ๊ตญ์ด๋ก์ ๋ ์ผ์ด ํ์ต ๋ฐฉ์
ํ์๋
ผ๋ฌธ(์์ฌ)--์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ :์ธ๊ตญ์ด๊ต์ก๊ณผ ๋
์ด์ ๊ณต,2002.Maste