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    김진성 μ—­ γ€Žν˜•μ΄μƒν•™γ€ -κ³ μ „ λ²ˆμ—­μ˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 도전-

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    김진성 μ—­ ν˜•μ΄μƒν•™ 좜판의 μ€‘μš”μ„±κ³Ό μ˜λ―ΈλŠ” μ•„λ§ˆλ„ λ°•μ’…ν˜„ μ—­κ΅­κ°€ 의 그것과 비견될 수 μžˆμ„ 것이닀. μ΄λ‘œμ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ„œμ–‘ κ³ λŒ€μ² ν•™ μ‹œκΈ°μ˜ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 두 μ² ν•™μžμ˜ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 두 μ €μ„œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 원전 λ²ˆμ—­μ„ κ°–κ²Œ 된 것이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. μ—­μžκ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 일을 ν•΄λ‚Έ 것인지λ₯Ό μ’€ 더 ꡬ체적으둜 μ „λ‹¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ, ν˜•μ΄μƒν•™ 은 μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€μ˜ μ €μž‘λ“€ 쀑 κ°€μž₯ λ‚œν•΄ν•œ μž‘ν’ˆμ΄λΌλŠ” 사싀을 덧뢙일 수 μžˆμ„ 것이닀. ν˜•μ΄μƒν•™ 에 κ΄€ν•œ 유λͺ…ν•œ μ£Όμ„μ„œλ₯Ό μ“΄ ν•œ μ„œμ–‘ ν•™μž1)의 λ§μ„λΉŒμžλ©΄, ν˜•μ΄μƒν•™ 은 절망적으둜 λ‚œν•΄ν•œ(desperately difficult)μž‘ν’ˆμ΄λ‹€. 그리고 μ‹€μ²΄μ˜ 문제λ₯Ό 닀루고 μžˆλŠ” ν˜•μ΄μƒν•™ 7ꢌ(Z)은 μ„œμ–‘κ³ λŒ€μ² ν•™μ˜ μ—λ² λ ˆμŠ€νŠΈ μ‚°μ΄λΌκ³ κΉŒμ§€ 뢈리고 μžˆλ‹€. μ—­μžκ°€ κ°λ‚΄ν–ˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμ„ λ…Έκ³ κ°€ μ–΄λ– ν–ˆμ„κΉŒλ₯Ό μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ μ§μž‘ν•΄ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλ‹€

    TechnΔ“ and Dynamis in Platos Gorgias

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    λ³Έ λ…Όλ¬Έμ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλŠ” 기술[technΔ“]κ³Ό 힘[dynamis]의 두 κ°œλ…μ„ μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌ 둜, ν”ŒλΌν†€μ˜ γ€Žκ³ λ₯΄κΈ°μ•„μŠ€γ€μ˜ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν‘œλ©΄μ  μ£Όμ œλ“€μ„ κ°€λ‘œμ§€λ₯΄λŠ” 톡일성 의 ν•œ 단면을 λ“œλŸ¬λ‚΄λŠ” 것이닀. γ€Žκ³ λ₯΄κΈ°μ•„μŠ€γ€μ—μ„œ 이 두 κ°œλ…κ³Ό 그것듀간 의 μƒν˜Έμ—°κ΄€μ„±μ— λŒ€ν•œ ν”ŒλΌν†€μ˜ 철학적 성찰은 μ–΄λ–€ μ˜λ―Έμ—μ„œλ„ 단선적이 κ±°λ‚˜ 직접적이지 μ•Šλ‹€. 즉 κ·Έ 성찰은 각 λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œμ˜ λͺ…μ‹œμ  주제λ₯Ό λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Ό λŒ€ν™”μƒλŒ€μžλ“€ κ°„μ˜ λ…Όμ˜μ™€ μ„œλ‘œ 영ν–₯을 μ£Όκ³ λ°›μœΌλ©΄μ„œ μ μ§„μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‹¬ν™”λ˜μ–΄ λ‚˜κ°€λ©°, κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ ν‘œλ©΄μ  λ‚΄μš©λ“€μ˜ μ „κ°œ μ†μ—μ„œ 간접적인 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ κ·Έ λͺ¨μŠ΅ 을 λ“œλŸ¬λ‚Έλ‹€. λ³Έ 논문은 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ „κ°œμ™€ μ‹¬ν™”μ˜ 과정을 μ†Œν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€μ™€ 폴둜 슀, 그리고 μ†Œν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€μ™€ 칼리클레슀 κ°„μ˜ λŒ€ν™”λ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ κ²€ν† ν•œλ‹€. ν•„μž λŠ” μ†Œν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€μ™€ 폴둜슀의 λŒ€ν™” μ†μ—μ„œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 기술과 힘의 κ°œλ…μ΄ μ—°κ΄€λ˜ μ–΄ μ„€λͺ…λ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”κ°€λ₯Ό κ²€ν† ν•œ ν›„, μ΄μ–΄μ§€λŠ” λ…Όμ „ μ†μ—μ„œ μžμ‹ μ΄ μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것을 ν•¨μ΄λΌλŠ” 주제λ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ 두 개의 μƒλ°˜λ˜λŠ” 힘 κ°œλ…μ΄ μΆ©λŒν•˜κ³  있 μŒμ„ 보인닀. ν‘œλ©΄μ μœΌλ‘œ, 이 두 힘 κ°„μ˜ 좩돌과 κΈ΄μž₯은 μ†Œν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€κ°€ 폴 둜슀λ₯Ό λ…Όλ°•ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ„±κ³΅ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μ†μ‰½κ²Œ ν•΄μ†Œλ˜λŠ” λ“― 그렀진닀. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ†Œν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€μ˜ λ…Όλ°•μ—λŠ” ν•œκ³„μ μ„ 가지고 있으며 ν΄λ‘œμŠ€λŠ” 단지 그것을 제 λŒ€λ‘œ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μžμ‹ μ΄ μ£Όμž₯ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ 힘의 κ°œλ…μ„ μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ κ²¬μ§€ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμŒμ΄ λ“œλŸ¬λ‚œλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν•„μžκ°€ 보기에 ν”ŒλΌν†€μ€ 폴둜슀 λ…Όλ°• 에 λ‚΄ν¬λœ λ¬Έμ œμ™€ ν•œκ³„λ₯Ό λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ μΈμ§€ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©°, 그것을 μΉΌλ¦¬ν΄λ ˆμŠ€λΌλŠ” λ”μš±λ” κ°•λ ₯ν•œ λŒ€ν™”μƒλŒ€μžλ₯Ό λ“±μž₯μ‹œν‚΄μœΌλ‘œμ¨ κ³΅μ‹ν™”μ‹œν‚€κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ μ£Όμž₯ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 이 κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ μΉΌλ¦¬ν΄λ ˆμŠ€λŠ” μ†Œν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€μ™€ 폴둜슀의 λ…Όμ „μ—μ„œ μ™„ μ „νžˆ μ œμ••λ˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œ, μ†Œν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€μ  힘과 λŒ€λΉ„λ˜λŠ” 힘의 κ°œλ…μ˜ μ˜Ήν˜Έμžμž„μ΄ λ“œλŸ¬λ‚˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€. ν•„μžλŠ” ν”ŒλΌν†€μ΄ γ€Žκ³ λ₯΄κΈ°μ•„μŠ€γ€μ—μ„œ 이 두 힘 μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ κΈ΄μž₯ 을 ν•΄μ†Œν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ™„ν™”μ‹œν‚€λŠ” λ°©ν–₯μœΌλ‘œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, 였히렀 λ“œλŸ¬λ‚΄κ³  μ‹¬ν™”μ‹œν‚€ λŠ” λ°©ν–₯으둜 끌고 λ‚˜κ°€κ³  있으며, λŒ€ν™”νŽΈμ˜ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μˆœκ°„κΉŒμ§€ κ·Έ κΈ΄μž₯은 ν•΄μ†Œλ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 채 남겨지고 μžˆμŒμ— μ£Όλͺ©ν•œλ‹€. 그리고 이 사싀은 ν”ŒλΌν†€μ΄ γ€Žκ³ λ₯΄κΈ°μ•„μŠ€γ€λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•΄μ„œ μ†Œν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€μ˜ 생각이 κ°€μ§€λŠ” ν•œκ³„λ₯Ό 극적으둜 ꡬ체 ν™”ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μŠ€μŠ€λ‘œμ—κ²Œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 철학적 과제λ₯Ό λΆ€κ³Όν•˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ μ‹œμ‚¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이라고 μ£Όμž₯ν•œλ‹€. This article focuses on the concepts of technΔ“ and dynamis in Platos Gorgias, and thereby aims to bring out a relatively unnoticed aspect of the unity of the dialogue. In the earlier part of Socrates dialogue with Polus, the discussion centers around whether rhetoric is a technΔ“, where the underlying assumption is that a technΔ“ is more powerful than a mere empeiria. But in the following discussion the focus is shifted to a question that is more directly connected to the concept of dynamis, i.e., whether a rhetorician is powerless or not. Through a careful reading of the relevant passage, this article shows that Socrates refutation of Polus has a serious limitation: it assumes a unitary conception of power and in doing so, rules out what we might call an instrumental conception of power. What is interesting, however, is the fact that Plato himself is clearly aware of the limitation of Socrates refutation. This awareness is expressed by the appearance of the strongest opponent to Socrates, Callicles. Callicles clashes with Socrates in relation to another aspect of the concept of power: power as the capacity of self-defense. In this respect, Callicles remains basically undefeated and unconvinced to the end of the dialogue. This unique dramatic setup indicates that Plato takes an important philosophical task or challenge upon himself, the answers to which are given in his later dialogues, such as in the Republic.이 논문은 2009년도 μ •λΆ€(κ΅μœ‘κ³Όν•™κΈ°μˆ λΆ€)의 μž¬μ›μœΌλ‘œ ν•œκ΅­μ—°κ΅¬μž¬λ‹¨μ˜ 지 원을 λ°›μ•„ μ—°κ΅¬λ˜μ—ˆμŒ(KRF-2009-332-A00042

    Probability Argument and Antiphons Tetralogy 1

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    이 κΈ€μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλŠ” μ†Œν”ΌμŠ€νŠΈλ“€μ΄ 참보닀 κ°œμ—°μ„±μ„ 더 κ°€μΉ˜μžˆκ²Œ μ—¬κ²Όλ‹€λŠ” ν”ŒλΌν†€μ˜ μ†Œν”ΌμŠ€νŠΈ λΉ„νŒμ˜ μ˜λ―Έμ™€ 타당성을 μ†Œν”ΌμŠ€νŠΈμ˜ μ‹€μ œ μ €μž‘ μ†μ—μ„œ κ²€ν† ν•΄ λ³΄λŠ” 것이닀. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄μ„œ 이 κΈ€μ—μ„œ μ§‘μ€‘μ μœΌλ‘œ 검토될 ν…μŠ€νŠΈλŠ” μ•ˆν‹°ν°μ˜ 사뢀 λ…Όλ³€ 1νŽΈμ΄λ‹€. 이 μž‘ν’ˆμ€ μ†Œμœ„ κ°œμ—°μ„± λ…Όλ³€μ˜ 사둀가 κ°€μž₯ ν’λΆ€ν•˜κ²Œ λ°œκ²¬λ˜λŠ” μ €μž‘μ΄κ³ , κ°œμ—°μ„±μ— κ΄€ν•œ μ†Œν”ΌμŠ€νŠΈλ“€μ˜ 생각이 λ¬΄μ—‡μ΄μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€, 그리고 κ°œμ—°μ„±κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ ν”ŒλΌν†€μ˜ μ†Œν”ΌμŠ€νŠΈ λΉ„νŒμ΄ μ–΄λŠ μ •λ„μ˜ 적싀성을 κ°€μ§€λŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό ν‰κ°€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ°˜λ“œμ‹œ λ…Όμ˜λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•  핡심적인 기초 자료라 ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. 이 κΈ€μ—μ„œ μš°μ„  μ•ˆν‹°ν°κ³Ό 사뢀 논변을 λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Ό 두 개의 일반적인 쟁점, 즉 μ—°μ„€κ°€ μ•ˆν‹°ν°κ³Ό μ†Œν”ΌμŠ€νŠΈ μ•ˆν‹°ν°μ΄ λ™μΌμΈμΈκ°€μ˜ λ¬Έμ œμ™€ 이 μ•ˆν‹°ν° 본인의 μ €μž‘μΈκ°€μ˜ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ κ°„λ‹¨νžˆ λ…Όμ˜λœλ‹€. μ΄μ–΄μ„œ ν•„μžλŠ” 1편의 λ‚΄μš©μ΄ κ³Όμ—° κ°œμ—°μ„±κ³Ό 참의 μƒλŒ€μ  κ°€μΉ˜μ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•΄μ„œ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ 무엇을 이야기해 μ£ΌλŠ”κ°€λ₯Ό 본격적으둜 κ²€ν† ν•œλ‹€. 이 κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ ν•„μžλŠ” 1편 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ λΆ€λΆ„μ—μ„œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 결정적 μž…μ¦ κ·Όκ±°κ°€ μ œμ‹œλ˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 일뢀 ν•™μžλ“€μ˜ μ£Όμž₯을 λ°˜λ°•ν•œλ‹€. 그리고 μ΅œμ†Œν•œ 1νŽΈμ—μ„œμ˜ μ•ˆν‹°ν°μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 참보닀 κ°œμ—°μ„±μ„ 더 κ°€μΉ˜ μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ—¬κ²Όλ‹€λŠ” ν”ŒλΌν†€μ˜ λΉ„νŒμ΄ 적용되기 어렀움을 보인닀. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ λ‹¨λ½μ—μ„œ ν•„μžλŠ” μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€κ°€ κ°œμ—°μ„± 논증을 μ†Œν”ΌμŠ€νŠΈμ— λŒ€ν•œ λΉ„νŒκ³Ό μ—°κ³„μ‹œν‚€κ³  μžˆλŠ” μ—μ„œμ˜ ν•œ 뢀뢄을 κ²€ν† ν•œλ‹€. ν•„μžλŠ” 이 κ΅¬μ ˆμ„ ν†΅ν•΄μ„œ κ°œμ—°μ„±κ³Ό μ°Έκ³Ό μ—°κ΄€λœ ν”ŒλΌν†€κ³Ό μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€μ˜ μ†Œν”ΌμŠ€νŠΈ λΉ„νŒμ΄, μ†Œν”ΌμŠ€νŠΈ μΌλ°˜μ— 적용될 λ•Œ, μ–΄λ–€ μ·¨μ§€λ‘œ 이해될 수 μžˆλŠ”κ°€μ— κ΄€ν•œ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μ œμ•ˆμ„ μ œμ‹œν•œλ‹€. The objective of this article is to consider the meaning and validity of Platos criticism that the Sophists valued probability [eikos] more than truth [alΔ“theia] by examining Antiphons Tetralogy 1. Tetralogy 1 contains richer instances of the so-called eikos argument than any other texts ascribed to the Sophists. This makes Tetralogy 1 a crucial source of data for making a fair judgment on the Sophists view on probability and Platos related criticism. In this article, I first discuss briefly two general issues concerning the identity of Antiphon and the authenticity of the Tetralogies. A close examination of Tetralogy 1 follows, with special attention given to Antiphons views on the relative value of probability and truth. On the basis of this examination, I argue that, at least in Tetralogy 1, Antiphon is conscious of the limitations of the eikos argument and thus Platos criticism cannot apply to this specific text. I also refute the claim of some scholars that a new, decisive proof for the alibi of the defendant is offered at the end of Tetralogy 1. In the final section, I examine a passage from Aristotles Rhetoric where he relates the sophistic practice to confusion regarding two senses of probability. This passage, I suggest, indicates the subject of Plato and Aristotles concern with regard to the Sophists heavy use of the concept of probability.이 논문은 2011년도 μ •λΆ€(κ΅μœ‘κ³Όν•™κΈ°μˆ λΆ€)의 μž¬μ›μœΌλ‘œ ν•œκ΅­μ—°κ΅¬μž¬λ‹¨μ˜ 지원을 λ°›μ•„ μˆ˜ν–‰λœ κΈ°μ΄ˆμ—°κ΅¬μ‚¬μ—…μž„(332-2011-1-A-00044

    Aristotle on Akrasia

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    이 κΈ€μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλŠ” EN β…¦ 3이 μ œκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 두 개의 ν•΄μ„μƒμ˜ λ‚œμ μ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”μ–΄ 그것듀을 ν•΄μ†Œν•˜λŠ”λ° κΈ°μ—¬ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μƒˆλ‘œ 운 μ΄ν•΄μ˜ μ‹œμ μ„ μ œμ‹œν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. 이 쀑 첫 번째의 λ‚œμ μ€ 아리 μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€μ˜ μ•„ν¬λΌμ‹œμ•„λ‘ μ΄ ꢁ극적으둜 ν”„λ‘œνƒ€κ³ λΌμŠ€ μ—μ„œμ˜ μ†Œν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€μ˜ μž…μž₯으둜 κ·€κ²°λ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ³΄μΈλ‹€λŠ” 사싀이 μ£Ό λŠ” λ‹Ήν˜Ήκ°κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€. ν•„μžλŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ‹Ήν˜Ήκ°μ΄ EN β…¦ 2-3의 변증적 성격을 κ°€μ§„λ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 μ΄ν•΄ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ 상당 λΆ€λΆ„ ν•΄μ†Œλ  수 μžˆμŒμ„ 보이고자 ν•œλ‹€. μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€μ˜ 변증적 방법은 μ–΄λ–€ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μž…μž₯을 μ§μ„ μ μœΌλ‘œ λΉ„νŒν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ˜Ήν˜Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 식 의 평면적인 이해 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 포착될 수 μ—†λŠ” μž…μ²΄μ  성격을 가진닀. 그것은 μ£Όμž₯λ“€κ³Ό 증거듀이 μ•„λ‹Œ, λ‚œμ œλ“€κ³Ό 견해듀을 핡심적 κ΅¬μ„±μš” μ†Œλ‘œ 가지며, ν›„μžμ˜ 쌍 μ‚¬μ΄μ—λŠ” μ „μžμ˜ κ·Έκ²ƒκ³ΌλŠ” μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΄€ 계와 역동성이 μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€. μ•„ν¬λΌμ‹œμ•„ 문제λ₯Ό λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆ 슀의 μ ‘κ·Ό 방식을 μ •ν™•νžˆ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ©΄, μ†Œν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€μ˜ μ£Όμž₯에 λŒ€ν•œ κ·Έ 의 수용이 곧 그것에 λŒ€ν•œ 전적인 λ™μ˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹˜μ΄ λΆ„λͺ…해진닀. 이 κΈ€μ—μ„œ λ‹€λ£¨μ–΄μ§€λŠ” 두 번째의 λ‚œμ μ€ μ•„ν¬λΌμ‹œμ•„κ°€ μ‹€μ²œμ  μΆ” λ‘  μ€‘μ˜ μ–΄λ–€ κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ”κ°€μ˜ λ¬Έμ œμ™€ κ΄€λ ¨λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€. μ „μ μœΌλ‘œ μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€λŠ” μ‹€μ²œμ  μΆ”λ‘ μ˜ μ†Œμ „μ œλ₯Ό 문제의 μ›μ²œμœΌλ‘œ 지λͺ©ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 해석이 널리 λ°›μ•„λ“€μ—¬μ Έ μ™”λ‹€. 이에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ‹€μ²œμ  μΆ”λ‘ μ˜ μ „μ œλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 결둠을 μ΄λŒμ–΄λ‚΄λŠ” 과정이 κ·Έ 문제의 μ›μ²œμ΄ λΌλŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 해석이 λŒ€λ‘λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 두 ν•΄μ„μ—λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ 심 κ°ν•œ λ¬Έμ œμ λ“€μ΄ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€. ν•„μžλŠ” 이 λ”œλ ˆλ§ˆ 상황이 EN VIμ—μ„œ μ œμ‹œλ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”, ν˜„λͺ…함 μ†μ—μ„œ κ΅¬ν˜„λ˜λŠ” μ§€κ°μ˜ νŠΉμ„±κ³Ό μ—°κ΄€ν•΄μ„œ 고찰됨으둜써, 적어도 상당뢀뢄, ν•΄μ†Œλ  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•œλ‹€. κ·Έκ³³ μ—μ„œ μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€λŠ” κ·Έ 지각을 μ–΄λ–€ κΈ°ν•˜ν•™μ  μ˜ˆμ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•΄ ꡬ ν˜„λ˜λŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯으둜 λ¬˜μ‚¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°, 이 κΈ€μ—μ„œλŠ” λ°”λ‘œ 이 μœ λΉ„μ˜ ν¬μΈνŠΈκ°€ 무엇인가λ₯Ό 규λͺ…ν•˜κ³ , 그것에 κΈ°λŒ€μ–΄ 두 해석 κ°„μ˜ 좩돌 을 ν•΄μ†Œν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 길을 μ œμ‹œν•œλ‹€.이 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 2007년도 κ²½ν¬μ‚¬μ΄λ²„λŒ€ν•™κ΅ 연ꡬ비지원에 μ˜ν•œ κ²°κ³Όμž„.(μ‹ μž„ KHCU-7)

    Phantasia in Aristotles De Anima β…’. 3

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    이 κΈ€μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλŠ” μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€μ˜ νŒνƒ€μ‹œμ•„ κ°œλ…μ„ λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Ό 뢈λͺ…ν™•μ„±κ³Ό ν˜Όλž€μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이해해야 ν•˜λŠ”κ°€μ— κ΄€ν•œ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μ„€λͺ…을 μ œμ•ˆν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. 이 κΈ€μ—μ„œλŠ” νŒνƒ€μ‹œμ•„μ— κ΄€ν•΄μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ§‘μ•½λœ λ…Όμ˜κ°€ 이루어지고 μžˆλŠ” DA III. 3에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”μ–΄, DA III.3λ‚΄μ—μ„œ λ“œλŸ¬λ‚˜λŠ” 비일관성과 κ· μ—΄μ˜ 원인이 무엇인지, 그리고 이 상황을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이해해야 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό κ³ μ°°ν•΄ λ³Ό 것이닀. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ ν•„μžλŠ” μš°μ„  DA III. 3의 μ£Όμš” λ‚΄μš©μ„ μš”μ•½ν•˜κ³ , λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œμ˜ νŒνƒ€μ‹œμ•„λ‘ μ˜ 핡심을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이해해야 ν•˜λŠ”κ°€μ— κ΄€ν•œ λˆ„μŠ€λ°”μ›€(Nussbaum)κ³Ό μŠ€μ½”ν•„λ“œ(Schofield)의 μž…μž₯을, λΉ„νŒμ μœΌλ‘œ, κ²€ν† ν•  것이닀. 이 λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•΄μ„œ ν•„μžλŠ”DA III. 3의 ν›„λ°˜λΆ€κ°€ 사싀상 νŒνƒ€μ‹œμ•„μ— κ΄€ν•œ ν•œ, DA전체λ₯Ό κ΄€λ₯˜ν•˜λŠ” μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€μ˜ 주된 관심사λ₯Ό λŒ€λ³€ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ œμ•ˆν•  것이닀. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ œμ•ˆμ˜ 바탕 ν•˜μ—μ„œ, ν•„μžλŠ” λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ λ‹¨λ½μ—μ„œ, κ°κ°μ§€κ°μ—μ„œμ˜ νŒνƒ€μ‹œμ•„μ˜ 역할에 κ΄€ν•œ λ‹¨μ„œλ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ”, DA III.8κ³Ό 9μ—μ„œμ˜ 두 단락을 κ²€ν† ν•˜κ³ , 각각에 λŒ€ν•œ 해석을 μ œμ•ˆν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό 마무리 ν•  것이닀. The objective of this article is to suggest an interpretation of how to understand Aristotles apparently disconnected and inconsistent discussion of phantasia in DA III.3. After summarizing the main threads of Aristotles discussion, I examine, critically, the two influential views one given by Nussbaum and the other by Schofield on the main point of Aristotles conception of phantasia in DA III.3. On the basis of this examination I defend the traditional view that Aristotles main concern is found in the later part of DA III.3. and argue that the concern is to present phantasia as a linkage between sense-perception and intellect. In relation to this conclusion, I examine the two puzzling passages where phantasma & aisthΔ“ma are discussed together, and suggest an interpretation of what the passages tell us about the role of phantasia in normal epistemic circumstances

    Commentiong on Aristotle: A Brief Historical Survey

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    λ³Έ 논문은 B.C. 1μ„ΈκΈ°λΆ€ν„° A.D. 13μ„ΈκΈ°κΉŒμ§€μ˜ μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€ μ €μž‘μ— κ΄€ν•œ 주석 ν™œλ™μ˜ μ£Όμš” 흐름을 κ°œκ΄€ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€ 주석 의 μ—­μ‚¬λŠ” μ•ˆλ“œλ‘œλ‹ˆμ½”μŠ€μ˜ νŽΈμ§‘λ³Έμ˜ λ“±μž₯κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ–΄, A.D. 3μ„ΈκΈ°κΉŒ μ§€λŠ” 주둜 λ³΄μ—ν† μŠ€, μ•„μŠ€νŒŒμ‹œμ˜€μŠ€, μ•Œλ ‰μ‚°λ“œλ‘œμŠ€ λ“± νŽ˜λ¦¬νŒŒν† μŠ€ ν•™νŒŒμ˜ ν•™ μžλ“€μ— μ˜ν•΄ μ£Όλ„λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ•Œλ ‰μ‚°λ“œλ‘œμŠ€ 이후 μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€ 주석 μž‘μ—…μ„ μ£Όλ„ν•œ 것은 μ‹ ν”ŒλΌν†€μ£Όμ˜μ˜ μ „ν†΅μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. 이 전톡은 포λ₯΄ν“Œλ¦¬μ˜€μŠ€λ‘œ λΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆκ³ , μ‰¬λ¦¬μ•„λ…ΈμŠ€, ν”„λ‘œν΄λ‘œμŠ€ λ“±μ˜ μ•„ν…Œλ„€ ν•™νŒŒμ™€ μ•”λͺ¨λ‹ˆμ˜€μŠ€, ν•„λ‘œν¬λ…ΈμŠ€, μ‹¬ν”Œλ¦¬ν‚€μ˜€μŠ€ λ“±μ˜ μ•Œλ ‰μ‚°λ“œλ¦¬μ•„ ν•™νŒŒλ‘œ λ‚˜λ‰˜μ–΄ κ·Έ κ°κ°μ—μ„œ κ³ μœ ν•œ νŠΉμ§•μ˜ μ£Όμ„μ„œλ“€μ„ μ‚°μΆœν–ˆλ‹€. μ‹ ν”ŒλΌν†€μ£Όμ˜ μ£Όμ„μ„œλ“€μ€ 점차둜 쑰직 적인 ν•™μŠ΅ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ˜ 일뢀가 λ˜μ–΄ κ°”μœΌλ©°, 그것에 μƒμ‘ν•˜λŠ” 체계적 ꡬ성을 보이게 λœλ‹€. κ·Έ μ£Όμ„μ„œλ“€μ€ μ‹ ν”ŒλΌν†€μ£Όμ˜μžλ“€μ˜ 철학적 독창성이 κ΅¬ν˜„λ˜λŠ” ν† μ–‘μ΄μ—ˆκ³ , 주석 μž‘μ—…μ€ μ’…μ’… 영적인 수련의 μ°¨μ›κΉŒμ§€ 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ•„ λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€ μ£Όμ„μ˜ 라틴 전톡은 λ³΄μ—ν‹°μš°μŠ€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ§€λ§Œ, 12μ„ΈκΈ°λΆ€ ν„° μ•„λžμ–΄λ‘œ λ²ˆμ—­λœ μ•„λ¦¬μŠ€ν† ν…”λ ˆμŠ€ μ €μž‘λ“€κ³Ό 그것듀에 λŒ€ν•œ μ£Όμ„μ„œλ“€μ΄ λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨λ‘œ λΌν‹΄μ–΄λ‘œ λ²ˆμ—­λ˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λΉ„λ‘œμ†Œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 생λͺ…λ ₯을 μ–»κ²Œ 된 λ‹€. μ•„λž μ „ν†΅μ˜ 영ν–₯은 μ•„ν€΄λ‚˜μŠ€μ˜ μ£Όμ„μ˜ ν˜•μ‹κ³Ό λ‚΄μš© λͺ¨λ‘μ—μ„œ λΆ„λͺ…ν•˜κ²Œ λ°œκ²¬ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€
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