언제까지 그 일을 하시렵니까?

지난 주 나는 모처럼 내가 재직했던 대학에 갔다가 친근하게 지내던 후배교수 방에 들렀었다. 오랜만에 만나서 환담을 나누었다. 그런데 한참을 이야기하다가 이 후배교수가 나에게 선생님 언제까지 그 일을 하시겠습니까? 하고 묻는 것이 아닌가. 나는 갑자기 질문을 받고서 잠시 당황하였다. 무슨 말로 어떻게 대답을 하여야 할 지 얼른 말이 떠오르지 않아서 망설였다. 그러다 언젠가는 그만 두어야지 하면서 대답을 대신하였다. 나는 대학에서 정년퇴임을 하고 나서 얼마 동안을 집에서 쉬다가 지금 서울 시내 변두리에서 조그마한 치과의원을 개원하고 있다. 어떤 미국으로 이민을 가는 후배 치과의사가 운영하던 것을 나보고 자기가 운영하던 치과를 운영해 보면 어떻겠느냐고 하기에 망설이다가 용기를 내어 맡아서 운영을 해 보겠다고 하여 현재까지 내가 직접 운영하고 있다

Computed tomographic characteristics of acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease in dogs

Thesis(master`s)--서울대학교 대학원 :수의학과 수의외과학,2006.Maste

치의학전문대학원을 치과대학으로 환원시키자

2002년에 문교부로부터 의과대학과 치과대학의 학제를 2+4(예과 2년+본과 4년)에서 4+4(일반대학 4년+전문과정 4년)로 학제를 변경하여 치의학전문대학원으로 전환하는 것이 어떠냐는 제안이 들어왔다. 그와 함께 교수충원과 여러 가지 특혜를 주겠다는 제안도 들어왔다. 이것이 치의학전문대학원의 시발이 되었던 것이다. 학부제에서 전문대학원으로 전환함으로써 2년제의 예과과정은 없어지고 4년제 일반대학을 졸업한 사람들이 의학전문대학원이나 치의학전문대학원에 지원하게 되었다. 그래서 의과대학과 치과대학이란 명칭은 없어지고 현재와 같은 의학전문대학원과 치의학전문대학원이 탄생하게 되었다. 물론 아직도 몇몇 치과대학(3개 대학)은 예전과 다름없이 예과 2년 본과 4년으로 6년제 학제를 그대로 시행하는 대학도 있고, 2+4와 4+4의 학제를 병용하는 대학도 있다. 그러나 대부분의 대학은 전문대학원으로 전환하였다. 그러나 전문대학원으로 전환됨으로써 여러 가지 문제점을 우리 사회에 안겨주고 있다

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Based on three cases(two autopsies and one biopsy) we have conducted a pathological study On dentino genesis imperfecta. Two cases were classified into type I dentinogenesis imperfecta, which were associated with congenital osteogenesis imperfecta. They were found in a newborn and a stillborn infan t. The lesions were characterized by irregular deposition of fibrillar dentine matrix, disturbed odontoblast layer and invagination of odontoblasts, reduction of dentinal tubules, and poor calcification of dentine. One case was classified into type II dentinogenesis imperfecta. This was a 25 years old male whose family showed a strong hereditary tendency of autosomal dominant character through four generations. Their teeth showed dark brown or blue discoloration, easy fragility, severe attrition and microdontism. Extracted teeth for full denture construction were examined histologically, and they showed marked reduction and atrophy of dentinal tubules, obliteration of pulp chamber and immature dentine formatio

Tooth Germ Changes in Congenital Syphilis

A histopathological study was made on two cases of congenital syphilis, with special emphasis on the changes of developing tooth germ and surrounding jaw bones. Both cases were conlirmed to be syphilis by serology and tissue Levaditi staining method. Both cases were deadborn fetuses. There was a quite remarkable degree of inflammatory changes in the developing teeth germ especially in dental papillae and perifollicular areas. Microabscess formation with prominent neutrophilic inliltration was characteristic feature together with lymphoplasmacytic inliltration and Iibrosis. Highly vascular tissue showed more severe involvement than less vascular ones. There was a delinite disturbance of amelogenesis and dentinogenesis during the process of tooth development, as those structures were directly involved by the inflammatory changes in which numerous spirochetes were recovered by Levaditi stains. The spirochetes were found in the ameloblast layer, stellate reticulum of enamel epithelium, odontoblast layer and predentin layer. The degree of involvement or severity of inflammatory reaction was more prominent in earlier-developing tooth, i.e., incisors among deciduous teeth and Iirst molar among permanent teeth, and was more evident in the upper jaw as it was compared to the lower jaw

VEGF Expression and Microvessel Density in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Angiogenesis is an essential process in tumor growth and metastasis. VEGF has been considered a leading candidate inducing tumor angiogenesis. VEGF expression was significantly correlated with clinical stage, lymph node matastasis, and prognosis of cancers of various parts of body. However, little has been known about the correlation between VEGF expression and clinicopathologic parameters in oral squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to correlate VEGF expression with the clinicopathological parameters and microvessel density. Forty six oral squamous cell carcinomas were analyzed using immunohistochemical method with primary antibodies to VEGF and CD31. VEGF expression was detected in 33 (71.7%) of the 46 cases. The microvessel density was significantly correlated with VEGF expression (P=0.002). There was no correlation between microvessel density and tumour size, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis, respectively. VEGF expression did not correlate with the histological grade of tumour differentiation, tumour size, and clinical stages. The VEGF-positive rate seemed to be higher in patients with cervical lymph nodal metastasis than in those without it, but it was not statistically significant. In conclusion, the overexpression of VEGF in the oral squamous cell carcinoma seemed to be associated with a more aggressive course of the disease. Further study is necessary to define the role of VEGF in oral squamous cell carcinoma.본 연구는 서울대학교병원 연구비(02-1996-267-0)의 지원에 의해 이루어졌음

Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Relation to the Histologic Invasiveness and Cellular Differentiation

A poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is partly due to the invasiveness and metastasis of the tumor. A key element in tumor invasion and metastasis in the degradation of extracellular matrix is matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This study was performed to determine the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 of oral SCCs with regard to the histologic invasiveness and differentiation in 5 normal oral mucosa and 36 oral SCCs. The histologic invasiveness of oral SCCs were classified into 4 grades. The differentiation of oral SCCs was divided into 3 grades. The streptavidin-biotin immunohisto-chemical staining, using MMP-2 and MMP-9 monoclonal antibodies, was performed to determine the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The expression of MMP-2 was positive in 6 of 17 oral SCCs with weak invasiveness and was positive in 7 of 19 oral SCCs with strong invasiveness. The MMP-2 expression did not increase significantly with respect to the invasiveness of oral SCCs (p>0.05). The expression of MMP-9 was strongly positive in 6 out 17 SCCs with weak invasiveness and was strongly positive in 14 of 19 SCCs with strong invasiveness. The MMP-9 expression increased significantly with respect to the invasiveness of oral SCCs; the stronger the expression, the stronger the invasiveness (p<0.05). The expression of MMP-9 was in 57.9% of well differentiated SCCs, 57.1% of moderately differentiated ones, and 33.3% of poorly differentiation SCCs. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 did not increase significantly with respect to the histologic ifferentiation. We conclude that with respect to the invasiveness, the MMP-9 did not increase significantly in oral SCCs but the MMP-2 expression does not; and that with respect to the histologic differentiation, their expression do not increase significantly. These results suggest that MMP-9 can be used as a tool to evaluate the invasiveness of oral SCCs.본 연구는 1997년도 교육부 지원 기초의학 학술연구조성비의 지원으로 수행되었으며 지원에 감사를 드립니다

VEGF Exression and Microvessel Density in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Angiogenesis is an essential process in tumor growth and metastasis. VEGF has been considered a leading candidate inducing tumor angiogenesis. VEGF expression was significantly correlated with clinical stage, lymph node matastasis, and prognosis of cancers of various parts of body. However, little has been known about the correlation between VEGF expression and clinicopathologic parameters in oral squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to correlate VEGF expression with the clinicopathological parameters and microvessel density. Forty six oral squamous cell carcinomas were analyzed using immunohistochemical method with primary antibodies to VEGF and CD31. VEGF expression was detected in 33 (71.7%) of the 46 cases. The microvessel density was significantly correlated with VEGF expression (P=0.002). There was no correlation between microvessel density and tumour size, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis, respectively. VEGF expression did not correlate with the histological grade of tumour differentiation, tumour size, and clinical stages. The VEGF-positive rate seemed to be higher in patients with cervical lymph nodal metastasis than in those without it, but it was not statistically significant. In conclusion, the overexpression of VEGF in the oral squamous cell carcinoma seemed to be associated with a more aggressive course of the disease. Further study is necessary to define the role of VEGF in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Microanatomy of Philtral ridge

Many efforts are made to achieve satisfactory cosmetic and functional result in the repair of cleft lip. However, repair may be complicated in many cases by distortion of the vermilion border, obliteration of the normal contour of the philtrum, and eclabium in spite of many methods used in these days. To achieve better results in cleft lip repair, thorough understandings of the relationship between the surface morphology of the upper and lower lip and the underlying musculature is necessary but reports about this topic is rare. So, our studies were performed on the full-thickness upper lips containing both philtral ridge up to columelar base and lower lip, 4 post-mortem specimens of 2 females and 2 males aged from 16 to 42, using serial histological sections taken in the transverse and vertical planes under light microscopy. Thorough understanding of the anatomical relationships is established and on the basis of our findings, we can postulate some criteria to create a normal and natural philtrum in a patient with a cleft lip, it would be necessary to restore the normal deep muscle attachments and superficial dermal attachments of the orbicularis muscle, to close the lip without tension, to restore thickness of the philtral ridge, and to minimise nonelastic scar tissue