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    (The) relationship between differentiation of self and mental health status of normal adolescents in Seoul

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒช๋Š” ๊ธด์žฅ๊ณผ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ๋‚ ๋กœ ๊ณ ์กฐ๋˜์–ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธด์žฅ๊ณผ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ์ขŒ์ ˆ ๋“ฑ ์ •์„œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ธฐ์— ์—ญ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ํ–‰๋™์ธ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ๋น„ํ–‰, ์ •์‹ ๊ณผ์  ์ฆ์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Bowen์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด "๋ฏธ๋ถ„ํ™”๋œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ž์•„(Undifferentiated family ego mass)"๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ถ„ํ™”๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๋˜ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ •์„œ์  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์—์„œ ์ง€์ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ๋ถ„ํ™”๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์—ญ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ , ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ •์„œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์›์น™์ง€ํ–ฅ์ , ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ง€ํ–ฅ์  ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด๋ฉฐ ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์‹ ๋…์„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ž๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์‹ ๋…์„ ๊ฒฌ์ง€ํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ , ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž˜๋ชป์„ ํƒ€์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ฑ…์ž„์งˆ ์ค„ ์•Œ๋ฉฐ ํƒ€์ธ๊ณผ ์นœ๊ทผํ•œ ์ •์„œ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ž˜ ์ •์˜๋œ ์ž์•„์ธ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณผ์—ฐ ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ •๋„๋Š” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ค‘์žฌ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์„œ์ˆ ์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ์— ์†Œ์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” 1๊ฐœ ๋‚จ์ž ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต 1,2,3ํ•™๋…„ 146๋ช…, 1๊ฐœ ์—ฌ์ž ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต 1.2,3 ํ•™๋…„ 153๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 1992๋…„ 3์›” 31์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 4์›” 4์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ 5์ผ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ๋Š” ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ ์„๋ด‰(1989)์ด Bowen์˜ ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ํ•œ๊ตญํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”ํ•œ ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋‹น์‹œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š” .90 ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ํ›ˆ๊ตฌ(1986)๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„์ดํ™”ํ•œ ๊ฐ„์ด ์ •์‹ ์ง„๋‹จ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ ํ˜• ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ด ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š” ๊น€๋ฒ”์ค€(1987), ์ตœ์ •ํ›ˆ ๋“ฑ(1988), ๊น€์—ฐ์ˆ™(1991)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ Cronbach's ฮฑ=.96, .97. .95๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” SPSS๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์™€ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ, ํ‰๊ท ๊ณผ ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, ANOVA, Stepwise Multiple Regression๋“ฑ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ •๋„์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” 101.58๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 2. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ 99.06์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์„œ์šธ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ณ ๊ต์ƒ์˜ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 3. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ •๋„์™€ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€์„ค์ธ "์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™”๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์€ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ 1 ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์„ค: "์ธ์ง€ ์ •์„œ์  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ๋†’์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์€ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(r=-.53 p<0.001). ์ œ 2 ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์„ค: "์ž์•„ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์€ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(r=.08 p>.05). ์ œ 3 ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์„ค: "๊ฐ€์กฑ ํˆฌ์‚ฌ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์€ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(r=-.30 p<.001). ์ œ 4 ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์„ค: "์ •์„œ์  ๋‹จ์ ˆ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์€ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(r=-.36 p<.001). ์ œ 5 ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์„ค: "๊ฐ€์กฑ ํ‡ดํ–‰ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์€ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(r=-.41 p<.001). 4. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ํ•˜์œ„ ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ •๋„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํ•˜์œ„ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ 1) ์ธ์ง€.์ •์„œ์  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ œ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ์ ๋Œ€๊ฐ, ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ, ํŽธ์ง‘์ฆ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ 41.5%(p<.001) ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2) ์ž์•„ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ œ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ, ์ ๋Œ€๊ฐ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ 9%(p<.001) ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 3) ๊ฐ€์กฑ ํˆฌ์‚ฌ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ œ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ์ ๋Œ€๊ฐ, ํŽธ์ง‘์ฆ, ์ •์‹ ์ฆ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ 15%(p<.001) ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 4) ์ •์„œ์  ๋‹จ์ ˆ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ œ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ์ ๋Œ€๊ฐ, ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ, ๊ฐ•๋ฐ•์ฆ, ํŽธ์ง‘์ฆ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ 21%(p<.001) ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 5) ๊ฐ€์กฑ ํ‡ดํ–‰๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ œ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ์ ๋Œ€๊ฐ, ํŽธ์ง‘์ฆ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ 18%(p<.001) ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 5. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ •๋„์™€ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” 1) ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ •๋„๋Š” ์„ฑ๋ณ„(F=6.88 p<.001), ํ•™๋…„(F=6.08 p<.001), ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ๊ต์œก ์ •๋„(F=8.87. F=5.01 p<.001)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 2) ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์€ ํ•™๋…„(F=6.70 p<.001)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 6. ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋ถ„์„์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ํ•˜์œ„ ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ˆ˜์ค€๋ณ„ ํ•˜์œ„ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š”, ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ™” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•˜์œ„ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค(p<.001). 7. ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋ถ„์„์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํ•˜์œ„ ์ž์•„๋ถ„ํ•  ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ธ์ง€.์ •์„œ์  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ. ๊ฐ€์กฑ ํ‡ดํ–‰, ์ •์„œ์  ๋‹จ์ ˆ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ 41%(p<.001) ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] The purpose of this study was to test Bowen's family theory. Adolescents are in a vulnerable stage of mental health and hate many mental health problems and psychosis. In Bowen's theory differentiation of self is related to mental health status. So this study was designed to identify the relation between differentiation of self and mental health in adoleescents. Therefore the point of this study was to contribute to the theoretical understanding of the relationship between these two concepts and eventually to the enhancement of theoretically directed nursing care . The subjects for this study were 299 high school students attending a high school in Seoul;the number of first year, second year and third year students included was 101, 100 and 98 students respectively. The data were collected during the period from March 31, 1992 to April 4, 1992. For measuring the differentiation of self as described by Bowen a questionnaire by Je (1989) was used. A Simplified Mental Diagnostic Test adapted for Koreans from Derogatis, et al(1976) by Lee (1986) was used to measure the level of mental health. The data were analysed with the. SPSS program using descriptive statistics. Pearson Correlation Coefficients, ANOVA and Stepwise multiple Regression. The results of this study can be summarized as fellows: 1. The mean score for the differentiation of self scale was 101.88. 2. The mean score for the level of mental health was 99.06, which was higher than the results from other age-groups for which this tool has been used. 3. Hypothesis 1) "the higher the level of cognitive function vs emotional function, the higher the level of mental health" was supported(r=-.53 p<.001). Hypothesis 2) "the higher the level of integration of self, the higher the level of mental health" was not supported(r=.08 p>.05). Hypothesis 3) "the lower the level of family projection process, the higher the level of mental health" was supported (=r-.36 p<.001). Hypothesis 4) "the lower the level of emotional cutoff, the higher the level of mental health" was supported(r=-.36 p<.001). Hypothesis 5) "the lower family regression, the higher the level of mental health" was supported(r=-.41 p<.001). 4. By using Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis, the main influencing factors for the fire different categories of differentiation of self were identified, as fellows: 1) For the first subcale of differentiation of self the "Cognitive function vs Emotional functional"; three main variables; hostility, depression, and paranoid ideation explained 41.5%(p<.701) of the variance. 2) For the second subcale "Integration of self": two main variables; depression and hostility explained 9%(p<.001) of the variance. 3) For the third suhcale wFamily projection process": three main variables hostility, paranoid ideation, and psychosis explained 15%(p<.001) of the variance. 4) For the fourth subcale "Emotinal cutoff"; four main variables hostility, depression, obscession, and paranoid ideation explained 21%(p<.001) of the variance. 5) For the fifth subcale "Family regression"; tee main variables hostility and paranoid ideation explained 18%(p<.001) of the varlarlce. 5. 1) The results from the tests for the differentiation of self in the area of demographic variables showed that there were significant differences related to sex(F=6.88 p<.001), school year(F=6.08 p<.001), and educational level of parents(F=8.87, F=5.01 p<.001). 2) The results from the tests for the level of mental health in the area of demographic variables showed that there was significant difference related to school year(F=6.70 p<.001). 6. The relationship of differentiation of self to the nine different categories of mental health status were as follows: The higher the degree of differentiation of self was, the higher the results of the nine different categories of mental health status were(p<.001). 7. By using Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis; the main infuencing factors on mental health status were found to be congnitive function vs emotional function, family projection process and emotional cutoff. These factors accounted for 4171p<.001) of the variance. In conclusion, this study revealed that differentiation of self is an important factor influencing mental health status. Further multidimensional study is needed to identify ways to improve the mental health of adolescents through the differentiation of self. Future research of these conceptual relationships is essential for the development of theoretical nursing that will give direction to the planning of scientifically sound nursing care.restrictio

    Mechanisms of MPP[+]-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y, human neuroblastoma cell line ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์ข… ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ SH-SY5Y์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ MPPโด์˜ ์„ธํฌ๋…์„ฑ ๊ธฐ์ „

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    Thesis (doctoral)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์•ฝ๋ฆฌํ•™ ์ „๊ณต,1999.Docto

    Study of the complaint of respiratary symptoms by air pollution shown in middle school students : application

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    ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ์ธ์ฒด์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์š”์ธ์ด ๊ด€๊ณ„๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์›์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ London smog ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ฑ ๋Œ€ํ˜•์‚ฌ๊ฑด๊ณผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ณด๊ณ ์— ๋น„์ถ”์–ด ๋ณผ๋•Œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ๊ทธ ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ธ์ฒด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ์ €์ž๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ์˜ ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ ์žฅ์•  ํ˜ธ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ต ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์•„ํ™ฉ์‚ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค ์˜ค์—ผ๋„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 100ppb์ด์ƒ์ธ ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ ์˜๋“ฑํฌ๊ตฌ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„ํ™ฉ์‚ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๋†๋„๊ฐ€ 30โˆผ50ppb๋กœ ๋น„๊ต์  ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ•์„œ๊ตฌ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” 2๊ฐœํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ํ™•๋ฅ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ 549๋ช…, ๋Œ€์กฐ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” 1๊ฐœํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ํ™•๋ฅ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ 541๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ ์ฆ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜ธ์†Œ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ 1983๋…„10์›”์— BMRC์‹ ์„ค๋ฌธ์„œ(Standardized questionnaires of BMRC)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ ์ฆ์ƒ(๊ธฐ์นจ, ๋‹ด, ๊ฐ€๋ž˜, ์ˆจ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์น ๋‹ค, ์ฝง๋ฌผ, ์ฝ”๊ฐ๊ธฐ, ์ˆจ์ด ์ฐจ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐํ›„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฆ์ƒ์•…ํ™”)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์œจ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” 6.31%, ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” 9.01%๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‘ ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆจ์ด ์ฐจ๋‹ค, ์ฝ”๊ฐ๊ธฐ, ๋‹ด, ๊ฐ€๋ž˜ ๋“ฑ ์ฆ์ƒ์˜ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์œจ์—๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. ๋‚จยท๋…€๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์œจ์—๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 3. ํ•™๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์œจ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ €ํ•™๋…„๊ณผ ๊ณ ํ•™๋…„์˜ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์œจ์—๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 4. ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์—ฐํ•œ๋ณ„ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์œจ์€ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” 10๋…„์ด์ƒ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์—์„œ, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” 8โˆผ10๋…„ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‘ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์—ฐํ•œ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜ธ์†Œ์œจ์—๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] Aiming to find out any relationship between the complaint ratio of middle school students and air pollution, standardized questionnaires of BMRC was applied to 549 students in Young-Dung-Po-Ku, Seoul, where most of the area was highly polluted and to 541 students in Kang-Seo-Ku, as the control, which was less polluted, compared with the above mentioned area. The results of the study are as follows: 1. A significant difference in the complaint ratio between the investigated and the control was found that BMRC score of sputum, breathlessness, and nasal catarrh showed higher score in the investigated group than in the control group. 2. The ratio of complaint showed no particular differences by Sex. 3. The ratio of complaint showed no particular differences by school year. 4. The ratio of complaint in the duration of residence showed no particular differences.prohibitio

    ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ํ•™์—…์ค‘๋‹จ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ๊ต์œกํ™œ๋™ ์ง€์›๋ฐฉ์•ˆ(A study on the support plans for the educative activities of out-of school youth)

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    ๋…ธํŠธ : ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋กœ์„œ ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ์˜ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

    ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ต์œกํ–‰์ •๊ณผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ–‰์ •์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ •๋ฆฝ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(A study for establishment of relation between administration and educational administration in local)

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    ๋…ธํŠธ : ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋กœ์„œ ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ์˜ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

    Nandrolone์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จํด๋ก  ํ•ญ์ฒด ์ƒ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ELISA์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ˆ˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์˜์ƒ๋ฆฌํ•™์ „๊ณต(์ˆ˜์˜์ƒํ™”ํ•™),1995.Maste

    (An)Educational interpretation on participants` activities and conflicts in a parent movement association

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ต์œกํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์œกํ•™์ „๊ณต,2004.Docto

    L`Identification et la distanciation dans les romans de Diderot

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๋ถˆ์–ด๋ถˆ๋ฌธํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ•™์ „๊ณต,1998.Docto
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