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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :ํ–‰์ •๋Œ€ํ•™์› ์ •์ฑ…ํ•™๊ณผ,2019. 8. ๊ณ ๊ธธ๊ณค.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ์žฅ๊ธฐ์š”์–‘๋ณดํ—˜์˜ ์ •์ฑ…ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•ด๋‹น ์ œ๋„์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ธ ์ด์šฉ์ž ๋…ธ์ธ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์–‘๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ€์„ค๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜ ์˜€๋‹ค . ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•œ๊ตญ๋ณต์ง€ํŒจ๋„๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 2017 ๋…„ ๋…ธ์ธ์žฅ๊ธฐ์š”์–‘๋ณดํ—˜์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์›์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค์„ ์‹คํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ , ๋น„์ˆ˜๊ธ‰๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์„ ํ†ต์ œ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ ํ•œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์  ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ท ์ฐจ์ด๋ถ„์„ (t test) ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค . ์ด๋•Œ ์„ ํƒํŽธ์˜(selection ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ฑํ–ฅ์ ์ˆ˜๋งค์นญ (Propensity score matching) ๋ฐ ์—ญํ™•๋ฅ  ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ถ„์„๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ๊ณผ ํ†ต์ œ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์ ์ˆ˜๋งค์นญ์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ๊ณผ ํ†ต์ œ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ „๋ฐ˜์  ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์— ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋‚˜ , ์—ญํ™•๋ฅ  ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹คํ—˜์ง‘ ๋‹จ์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์  ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ œ์ง‘๋‹จ๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์›์ธ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ๋…ธ์ธ์žฅ๊ธฐ์š”์–‘๋ณดํ—˜ ์ œ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ธ์ธ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์š”์–‘๋ณดํ—˜์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํˆฌ์ž…๊ณผ ์‚ฐ์ถœ , ํ™œ๋™๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 2017 ๋…„ ๋…ธ์ธ์žฅ๊ธฐ์š”์–‘๋ณดํ—˜ ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์  ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋น„์ˆ˜๊ธ‰ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ด์„์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค . ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋“ฏ ๋…ธ์ธ์žฅ๊ธฐ์š”์–‘ ๋ณดํ—˜ ์ด์šฉ์ž ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ๋ด„ ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌํšŒํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ ์ด์ „ , ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ˆ˜๋ฐœ์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•ด์„์ด๋‹ค . ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ•ด์„์€ ๋…ธ์ธ์žฅ๊ธฐ์š”์–‘๋ณดํ—˜ ์ œ๋„ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ œ๋„ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด๋‹ค . ์ฆ‰ ์ด์šฉ์ž ๋…ธ์ธ ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์–‘๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์–‘์งˆ์˜ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์™€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์œ„ 3 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋…ผ์˜์™€ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  5 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋…ผ์˜ 5 1. ๋…ธ์ธ์žฅ๊ธฐ์š”์–‘๋ณดํ—˜์ œ๋„ 5 2. ์ •์ฑ… ํ‰๊ฐ€ 16 3. ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ(๋งŒ์กฑ๋„) 17 4. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ชจํ˜• 17 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  21 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์„ค๊ณ„ 26 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 26 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชจํ˜• ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์„ค ์„ค์ • 26 2. ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 28 3. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ชจํ˜• 35 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 46 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์ ์ˆ˜๋งค์นญ(PSM) ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 46 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ญํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ ๋ถ„์„๋ฒ• ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 48 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ชจํ˜• ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 52 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋‹ˆ์ฆˆ์™€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 52 1. ๋…ธ์ธ์žฅ๊ธฐ์š”์–‘๋ณดํ—˜์ œ๋„ ๋„์ž… ๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋‹ˆ์ฆˆ 52 2. ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋‹ˆ์ฆˆ์™€ ์ •์ฑ…๋ชฉํ‘œ์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 54 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ํˆฌ์ž… ๋‹จ๊ณ„ 54 1. ์ธ์  ์ž์› 54 2. ๋ฌผ์  ์ž์› 64 3. ์žฌ์ • ์ž์› 71 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ํ™œ๋™ ๋ฐ ์‚ฐ์ถœ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ 72 1. ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„(์‹œ๋„๋ณ„) ์žฅ๊ธฐ์š”์–‘๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ์ธ์ •์ž ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์ธ์ •๋ฅ  72 2. ์†Œ๋“๋ณ„ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์š”์–‘๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ์ธ์ •์ž ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์ธ์ •๋ฅ  73 3. ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„(์‹œ๋„๋ณ„) ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์™ธ ๋น„์œจ 75 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ 76 1. ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 77 2. ์ค‘๊ธฐ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 81 ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ๋…ผ์˜ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  83 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์š”์•ฝ 83 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ณ„ 88 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 91 ๋ถ€๋ก: ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผํ‘œ 99Maste

    ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ, 2014. 8. ์ฑ„์„ ๋ฏธ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ์œ ์น˜์› ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ฐํ•œ ์•„๋™์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋“ค ๋ณ€์ธ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๋„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋Š” ์ธ์ฒœ์‹œ ์†Œ์žฌ ์ผ๊ฐœ ์œ ์น˜์›์— ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋งŒ 4-6์„ธ ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๋™์˜ํ•œ ์•„๋™์˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ 83๋ช…๊ณผ ๋‹ด์ž„๊ต์‚ฌ 5๋ช…์—๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ž๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ณ ์‹ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ, ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์ด์šฉ๊ด€๋ จ ํŠน์„ฑ, ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™, ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์„์€ SPSS Ver 19.0 ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„, t-test, one-way ANOVA, ์‚ฌํ›„๊ฒ€์ฆ์œผ๋กœ Scheffe test, Pearsons correlation ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ 4์  ์ฒ™๋„์—์„œ 1.52์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 2. ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ฐํ•œ ์•„๋™์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™์€ 5์  ์ฒ™๋„์—์„œ 2.22์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ •๋„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 3. ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ์€ 5์  ์ฒ™๋„์—์„œ 3.56์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ต์  ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 4. ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™ ํ•˜์œ„๋ณ€์ธ์ธ ๊ณผ์ž‰-์‚ฐ๋งŒ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„(r=0.228, p=.038)๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์Œ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„(r=-0.299, p=.006)๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ•˜์œ„๋ณ€์ธ์ธ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต(r=-0.283, p=.010), ์ „๋ฐ˜์  ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ(r=-0.322, p=.003), ํ†ต์ œ(r=-0.262, p=.017)์™€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 5. ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์ด์šฉ๊ด€๋ จ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ฐจ์ด ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ผ ํ‰๊ท  ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์ˆ˜๋ก ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ, ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์˜ ๊ณผ์ž‰-์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ์€ ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋™์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ์ง€์ง€์  ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ณผ์ž‰-์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„๋™๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ธ์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  3 3. ์šฉ์–ด ์ •์˜ 3 โ…ก. ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 5 1. ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‹คํƒœ 5 2. ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™ 8 3. ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ 11 โ…ข. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 14 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์„ค๊ณ„ 14 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ 14 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋„๊ตฌ 15 4. ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ์ ˆ์ฐจ 17 5. ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 18 โ…ฃ. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 19 1. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ 19 2. ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ 24 3. ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™ 24 4. ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ 25 5. ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ œํ–‰๋™, ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์–‘์œกํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 26 6. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ•™๋ น์ „๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ 27 โ…ค. ๋…ผ์˜ 31 โ…ฅ. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 38 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 41 ๋ถ€๋ก 48 Abstract 58Maste

    Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Diseases in Korean Americans and Native Koreans Undergoing Health Checkup

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    BACKGROUND: Korean Americans constitute the fifth largest subgroup in the Asian American population. Despite their increasing population, research and guidelines regarding their health status assessment and disease screening are lacking. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of diseases in Korean Americans and native Koreans to determine the risk factors and guidelines for disease screening. METHODS: Patients who visited the Gangnam Severance Hospital from February 2010 to May 2015 for a health checkup were enrolled in this study. Baseline characteristics, laboratory data, and the organs (stomach, colon, thyroid, brain, prostate, lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, adrenal gland, and heart) of patients were examined. Data regarding patients' dietary patterns were also obtained. Overall, 1,514 Korean Americans (group 1) and 1,514 native Koreans (group 2) were enrolled. RESULTS: The following diseases were more prevalent in group 1 than in group 2: reflux esophagitis (12.9% vs. 10%), gastric ulcer (3.0% vs. 5.5%), colorectal polyp (37.7% vs. 28.7%), hemorrhoids (32.2% vs. 29.9%), and benign prostatic hyperplasia (30.2% vs. 14.3%). Although not statistically significant, coronary artery disease has a high prevalence rate of >20% in both groups. Dietary patterns were not significant between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the prevalence of several diseases in Korean Americans differed from that observed in native Koreans. Therefore, a foundation for setting up new guidelines for disease screening among Korean Americans is established.ope

    How emotion and regulatory focus affects purchase of new product according to risk pereption

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2013. 8. ๊น€์žฌ์ผ.This study reviews the results of an experiment on the effect of the emotion and self-regulatory system when consuming experiential goods. The emotion involves in either happy or sad emotional status, and the self-regulatory system involves in either a promotion focus or a prevention focus. This study shows that emotion and self-regulatory system of a consumer influences the purchase of new products. New product is chosen as movies that are about to be released, and this study sees how people react to high-risk and low-risk movies when their emotion and self-regulatory system is manipulated. The results of this study suggest that happy consumers are more risk-prone, and have favorable attitude toward risky product, and that sad people are risk-averse and have favorable attitude toward low-risk product. Likewise, promotion focused consumers are risk-prone and prevention focused consumers are risk-averse. This study implies that emotion and self-regulatory system can act together as variable when confronted with new product.Table of Contents I. Introductionโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ1 1. Purpose of Researchโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ1 II. Literature Reviewโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ3 1. Emotionโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ3 2. Emotion and Choiceโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ6 3. Regulatory Focus and Choiceโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ8 4. Perceived Risk of Innovationsโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ9 III. Model and Hypothesisโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ11 1. Research Modelโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ11 2. Hypothesisโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ11 3. Variable measureโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ13 IV. Methodsโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ15 1. Research Designโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ15 2. Data Collectionโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ16 3. Cronbachs alpha and Factor Analysisโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ18 4. Hypothesis Verificationโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ23 5. Hypothesis Verification Results and Summaryโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ26 V. Results and Discussionโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ27 1. Summary of Researchโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ27 2. Marketing Pointโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ28 2. Limitations and Future Researchโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ28 Referencesโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ30 Appendix โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ32 Appendix 1. Questionnaire in Englishโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ38 Appendix 2. Questionnaire in Koreanโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ38Maste

    Identification of Missense ADGRV1 Mutation as a Candidate Genetic Cause of Familial Febrile Seizure 4

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    Febrile seizure (FS) is related to a febrile illness (temperature > 38 ยฐC) not caused by an infection of central nervous system, without neurologic deficits in children aged 6-60 months. The family study implied a polygenic model in the families of proband(s) with single FS, however in families with repeated FS, inheritance was matched to autosomal dominance with reduced disease penetrance. A 20 month-old girl showed recurrent FS and afebrile seizures without developmental delay or intellectual disability. The seizures disappeared after 60 months without anti-seizure medication. The 35 year-old proband's mother also experienced five episodes of simple FS and two episodes of unprovoked seizures before 5 years old. Targeted exome sequencing was conducted along with epilepsy/seizure-associated gene-filtering to identify the candidate causative mutation. As a result, a heterozygous c.2039A>G of the ADGRV1 gene leading to a codon change of aspartic acid to glycine at the position 680 (rs547076322) was identified. This protein's glycine residue is highly conserved, and its allele frequency is 0.00002827 in the gnomAD population database. ADGRV1 mutation may have an influential role in the occurrence of genetic epilepsies, especially those with febrile and afebrile seizures. Further investigation of ADGRV1 mutations is needed to prove that it is a significant susceptible gene for febrile and/or afebrile seizures in early childhood.ope

    ์ด๋ฏผ ์ •์ฑ…์—์„œ์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ: ์ด๋ฏผ ์ œํ•œ๊ณผ DACA๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ •์น˜์™ธ๊ตํ•™๋ถ€, 2018. 2. ์†ก์ง€์šฐ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ • ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ œํ•œ์€ ์ •์˜justice์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์™€ ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ, ์ด๋ฏผ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ ์ผ์‹œ์  ๋ฐ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ž๋ฐœ์  ์ด์ž…์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋‹นํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ •์ฑ…์— ์ธ๊ถŒ ๋ณด์žฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋ฅผ ๋‹ด์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฐ์—ฌ๋œ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏผ์„ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ถ•์†Œํ•  ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํžŒ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ฒด๋ฅ˜์ฒญ๋…„ ์ถ”๋ฐฉ ์œ ์˜ˆ ์ œ๋„ (DACA: Deferred Action for Childhood Arrival program)๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ๊ณ  ์ธ๊ถŒ ์นจํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋ฏผ ์ œํ•œ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ถŒ ๋…ผ์˜์„ ๊ฒฐ๋ถ€์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ด๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ฒ ํ•™์  ๋…ผ์˜๋กœ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ดํด ๋ธ”๋ ˆ์ดํฌ(Michael Blake)์™€ ํ‚ค์–ด๋ž€ ์˜ค๋ฒ„๋จผ(Kieran Oberman)๋ฅผ ๊ผฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋’ค์—์„œ ์ƒ์ˆ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋ธ”๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์  ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค์— ์ถฉ์‹คํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ณ€์„ ์ „๊ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ œํ•œ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํ•œํŽธ, ์˜ค๋ฒ„๋จผ์€ ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜์  ํ‰๋“ฑ์ฃผ์˜liberal egalitarianism๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฏผํ•  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌa right to immigrate์˜ ์ œ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ท€๊ฒฐ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋‘ ํ•™์ž์˜ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋’ค ์ด๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„œ๊ตฌ ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ผฝํžˆ๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์™€ ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ •์ฑ…์—์˜ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ์ง€๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•ด๋ณธ๋‹ค.์„œ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1์žฅ 4 ์ œ 1์ ˆ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏผ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ 4 ์ œ 2์ ˆ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ œํ•œ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์ง€ํ˜•๊ณผ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค 4 ์ œ2์žฅ 12 ์ œ 1์ ˆ ์ด๋ฏผ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์žฅํ•ด์•ผํ•  ์ธ๊ถŒ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ 12 ์ œ 2์ ˆ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ œํ•œ ๋‹ด๋ก ์—์„œ์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ 24 ์ œ3์žฅ 34 ์ œ 1์ ˆ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ œํ•œ ๋ฐ ํ์‡„์ฃผ์˜ํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ 30 ์ œ 2์ ˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ด๋ฏผ์ •์ฑ… 33 ์ œ 3์ ˆ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ด๋ฏผ์ •์ฑ…์—์˜ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  44 ๊ฒฐ๋ก  46 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 51 Abstract 57Maste

    Complete Penetrance but Different Phenotypes in a Korean Family with Maternal Interstitial Duplication at 15q11.2-q13.1: A Case Report

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    The 15q duplication syndrome (dup15q) is due to the presence of at least one additional derived copy of the Prader-Willi syndrome/Angelman syndrome (PWS/AS) critical region that is approximately 5 Mb long within chromosome 15q11.2-q13.1. This report describes distinct roles of the origin of interstitial (int) dup15q underlining the critical importance of maternally active imprinted genes in the contribution to complete penetrance but different phenotypes of neuropsychotic disorders such as schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a Korean family. The proband's mother as a consultant visited our hospital for her offspring's genetic counseling and segregation analysis. She had two daughters diagnosed as SCZ or ASD and one son diagnosed as ASD. To resolve the potential genetic cause of SCZ and ASD in the proband and her sibling, whole genomic screening of chromosomal rearrangements by array-comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was performed using SurePrint G3 Human CGH + SNP Microarray 4 ร— 180 K. Results of the array-CGH analysis revealed an interstitial duplication at 15q11.2-q13.1 (duplication size of 5.4 Mb) in the mother and her three offspring with SCZ or ASD. Our case, together with previous findings of high occurrence of psychotic disorder, suggest that maternally expressed gene product in the critical region of PWS/AS might mediate the risk of neurodevelopmental disorder (ASD) as well as psychotic disorder (SCZ). Multiple cytogenetic and molecular methods are recommended for investigating children with 15q11.2-q13.1 duplication and neuropsychotic disorders.ope
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