12 research outputs found

    (The) frequency of enterochromaffin cells in stomach and intestinal carcinoma

    No full text
    ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์œ„์™€ ๋Œ€์žฅ์˜ ์„ ์•”์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ (argentaffin cell)์™€ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ ์„ธํฌ(argyrophil cell)๋“ฑ์˜ enterochromaffin ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 1927๋…„ Hamperl ๋“ฑ์ด 20์˜ˆ์˜ ์œ„์„ ์•”์ค‘ 1์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ธฐ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์ดํ›„ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์™”๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ €์ž์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋นˆ๋„์— ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ „์ฒด ์œ„์„ ์•”์ค‘ 1.7โˆผ8%์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ, 13โˆผ20%์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋Œ€์žฅ์•”์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ 12โˆผ15%์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ 3%์ •๋„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์œ„์™€ ๋Œ€์žฅ์˜ ์„ ์•”์„ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์€์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž 1982๋…„ 1์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1983๋…„ 12์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งŒ 2๋…„๊ฐ„ ์œ„ ํ˜น์€ ๋Œ€์žฅ์˜ ์ ˆ์ œ์ˆ ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์งํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์•”์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ง„๋œ ์œ„์•” ์ด 282์˜ˆ์™€ ๋Œ€์žฅ์•” ์ด 83์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์€์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„๋นˆ๋„์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ์ด 282์˜ˆ์˜ ์œ„์„ ์•”์ค‘ Grimelius ์—ผ์ƒ‰์— ์–‘์„ฑ๋ฐ˜์‘์ธ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ด43์˜ˆ(15.2%)์˜€๊ณ  Fontana-Masson ์—ผ์ƒ‰์— ์–‘์„ฑ๋ฐ˜์‘์ธ ๊ธฐ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ 5์˜ˆ(1.8%)์˜€๋‹ค. 2. ์ด 83์˜ˆ์ค‘ ๋Œ€์žฅ์•”์ค‘ Grimelius ์—ผ์ƒ‰์— ์–‘์„ฑ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด 15์˜ˆ๋กœ 18.2%์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ Fontana-Masson ์—ผ์ƒ‰์— ์–‘์„ฑ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ 1์˜ˆ๋กœ์„œ 1.2%์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋‹ค. 3. ์œ„์„ ์•”์€ ๋‚จ์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 176์˜ˆ์ค‘ 31์˜ˆ (17.6%)์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„์„ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 106์˜ˆ์ค‘ 12์˜ˆ(11.3%)์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 4. ๋‚จ์ž์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋Œ€์žฅ์•” 44์˜ˆ์ค‘ 9์˜ˆ(20.5%)์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์–‘์„ฑ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  ์—ฌ์ž์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ 39์˜ˆ์ค‘ 6์˜ˆ(15.4%)์—์„œ ์–‘์„ฑ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 5. ์œ„์„ ์•”์„ Willis์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋น„๊ต ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ์ด 108์˜ˆ์ค‘ 12์˜ˆ(11.1%)์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์–‘์„ฑ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด99์˜ˆ์ค‘ 14์˜ˆ(14.1%)์—์„œ, ์ ์•ก์„ฑ์•” 20์˜ˆ์ค‘ 6์˜ˆ(30.0%)์—์„œ, ๋ฏธ๋ถ„ํ™”์•” ์ด 52์˜ˆ์ค‘ 11์˜ˆ(21.1%)์—์„œ, ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ˜ธ์‘์„ฑ์„ธ ํฌ ์–‘์„ฑ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ„์•”์˜ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ๋ณ„ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 6. ๋Œ€์žฅ์•”์„ ํ†ต์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ›„ ๊ฐ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ์–‘์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์€์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ์ด 42์˜ˆ์ค‘ 9์˜ˆ (21.4%)์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€, 1์˜ˆ 92.4%)์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด 25์˜ˆ์ค‘ 3์˜ˆ (15.0%)์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ ์•ก์„ฑ์•”์€ ์ด 16์˜ˆ์ค‘ 3์˜ˆ (18.7%)์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์€์„ฑ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์œ„์•” ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์žฅ์•”์˜ enterochromaffn ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ์œ„์•”์—์„œ 15.2%์™€ ๋Œ€์žฅ์•”์—์„œ 18.2%๋กœ ๋Œ€์žฅ์•”์—์„œ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋†’์•˜๊ณ , ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์•”๊ณผ ํŠนํžˆ ์ ์•ก์„ฑ์•”์—์„œ ์ถœํ˜„๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚จ๋…€๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ์ถœํ˜„๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] In 1927, Hamperl carried out histochemical studies on gastric cancer and found one case which contained many Fontana reactive argentaffin cells. Thereafter the gastric and intestinal adenocarcinomas which contain enterochromaffin cells such as argentaffin cell and artyrophil cell have been reported by several investigators. As the results, many reports revealed that 1.7 to 8% of gastric carcinomas and about 3% of intestinal carcinomas cintained argentaffin cells, and 13 to 20% of gastric caricinomas and 12 to 15% of intestinal carcinomas contained argyrophil cells. The present study is aimed to evaluate the frequency of argentaffin and argyrophil cells in gastric and intestinal carcinoma in relation to the histopathological patterns. The material consisted of 282 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma and 83 cases of intestinal carcinoma which were diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine from January 1982 through December 1983. All cases were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histological classification an with silver impregnation technique for argentaffin and argyrophil granules. Staining for mucin was also performed using PAS stain. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Among 282 cases of gastirc carcinomas, Grimelius positive argyrophil cells are noted in 43 cases (15.2%) and Fontana-Masson positive argentaffin cells are noted in 5 cases (1.8%). 2. Among 83 cases of intestinal carcimomas, Grimelius positive argyrophil cells are noted in 15 cases (18.2%) and Fontan-Massin positive argentaffin cells are noted in 1 cases (1.2%). 3. In gastric carcinoma, argyrophil cells are present in 31 cases (17.5%) among 176 male patinets and in 12 cases (11.3%) among 106 female patients. 4. In intestinal carcinoma, argyrophil cells are present in 9 cases (20.4%) among 44 male patinets, and in 6 cases (15.4%) among 39 female patients. 5. Among to classification by Willis, argyrophil cells are present in 12 cases (11.1%) among 108 well to moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma, 14 cases (14.4%) among 99 pooly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 6 cases (30%) among 20 mucinous carcinoma, and 11 cases (21.1%) among 52 undifferentiated carcinoma. There is no significant difference in the frequency of argyrophil cells in relation to the histological type. 6. According to general classification of intestinal carcinoma, artyrophil cell a are present in 9 cases (21.4%) among 42 well to mederately well differentiated adenocarcinoma, 3 cases (15%) among 25 poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 3 cases (18.7%) amomg 15 mucinous carcinoma. The argentaffin cells were noted only in one case, which is the case of well to moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma. Im summary, the results of this study indicates that the frequency of enterochromaffin cells is 15.2% in stomach carcinoma and 18.2% in intestinal carcinoma. According to histological type, the Grimelius positivity was higher in mucinous and undifferentiated type, and higher frequency was noted in male than female.restrictio

    Mutations in 17 Y-STR loci among Korean father-son haplotypes

    No full text
    ์˜๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] Y ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ STRs(Y-STRs)์€ ์นœ์กฑ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ˆ์—ฐ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐ€๊ณ„๋„ ๋ฐ ์นœ์ž๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์œ ์ „์  ํ”„๋กœํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”, ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€ ์•„๋“ค์ž„์ด ํ™•์ธ๋œ ๋ถ€์ž(็ˆถๅญ)๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์Œ์„ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์œ ์ „์ž ๊ฐ„ ํ˜น์€ ํŠน์ • ์œ ์ „์ž์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด์˜ ๋ฏฟ์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ์ถ”์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ„ Y-STR์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค์ค‘์ค‘ํ•ฉํšจ์†Œ์—ฐ์‡„๋ฐ˜์‘(multiplex PCR)์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰ํ•ด์ ธ์™”์œผ๋‚˜, Y-STR ์œ ์ „์ขŒ์—์„œ์˜ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๊ป ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ์—์„œ Y-STRs ์œ ์ „์ขŒ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ ์œ ์ „์ขŒ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€๋ฆฝ์œ ์ „์ž์— ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด์œจ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฏผ์กฑ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž, 17๊ฐœ์˜ Y-STRs ์œ ์ „์ขŒ(DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389-I, DYS389-II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS438, DYS439, DYS437, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635 (Y GATA C4), Y GATA H4)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€ ์•„๋“ค ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž„์ด ํ™•์ธ ๋œ 355 ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ค‘ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ mutiplex PCR (multiplex I, multiplex II) ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ 17๊ฐœ์˜ Y-STRs ์œ ์ „์ขŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Minimal haplotype์ธ 9๊ฐœ(DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389-I, DYS389-II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393)์˜ ์œ ์ „์ขŒ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด์ง„ multiplex I์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 275๊ฐœ์˜ haplotype์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , haplotype diversity๋Š” 0.9972์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ์œ ์ „์ขŒ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  gene diversity๋Š” 0.6634์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 8๊ฐœ(DYS438, DYS439, DYS437, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635 (Y GATA C4), Y GATA H4)์˜ ์œ ์ „์ขŒ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ multiplex II๋„ 275๊ฐœ์˜ haplotype์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , haplotype diversity๋Š” 0.9971์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ‰๊ท  gene diversity๋Š” 0.6314๋กœ multiplex I๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ „์ฒด 17๊ฐœ Y-STRs ์œ ์ „์ขŒ(multiplex I+II)์˜ haplotype์€ 338๊ฐœ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ multiplex์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , haplotype diversity ์—ญ์‹œ 0.9996์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.17๊ฐœ Y-STRs ์œ ์ „์ขŒ์—์„œ์˜ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด๋Š”, ์•ž์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ 355๋ช…์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€ ๊ทธ ์•„๋“ค์˜ ์Œ์— ์ด๋ž€์„ฑ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด ์•„๋“ค 3๋ช…๊ณผ ์•„๋“ค์ด ๋‘ ๋ช… ์žˆ๋Š” 7๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์•„๋“ค 7๋ช…์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์ฒด 365 ๋ถ€์ž ์Œ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 6205๋ฒˆ์˜ ์œ ์ „์ž ์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ 21๊ฐœ์˜ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ 12๊ฐœ STR ์œ ์ „์ขŒ(DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389-I, DYS389-II, DYS390, DYS393, DYS439, DYS437, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635 (Y GATA C4), Y GATA H4)์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 0.34%/๊ฐ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์—ด(95% C.I. 0.21๏ฝž0.52%)์˜ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด์œจ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ์—์„œ์˜ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด์œจ์€ ์ผ๋ณธ, ๋…์ผ, ๋…ธ๋ฅด์›จ์ด ๋ฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด์œจ๊ณผ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด(P>0.05)๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, multiplex I์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ minimal haplotype์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ขŒ์— ๋น„ํ•ด, multiplex II์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ ์ „์ขŒ๋“ค, ํŠนํžˆ DYS458๊ณผ DYS635 (Y GATA C4)์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋‹จ์œ„๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ slipped-strand mispairing ๊ธฐ์ž‘์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ •๋œ๋‹ค.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ 17๊ฐœ์˜ Y-STR์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ์—์„œ์˜ haplotype๊ณผ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด์œจ์€ ํ–ฅํ›„ Y-STR์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์œ ์ „์  ํ”„๋กœํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์˜ํ•™์  ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ์œ ์ „ํ•™์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]Short tandem repeats markers on the Y chromosome (Y-STRs) have proved to be a valuable tool in male sibship analysis. Precise estimates of mutation rates at Y-STRs loci provide an important basis for the correct interpretation of paternity tests using Y-STRs. Although several data on multiplex PCR analyses for Y-STRs have been reported in Korean population, Y-STR mutation study has never been performed. In this study, we analyzed 17 Y-STRs loci (DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389-I, DYS389-II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS438, DYS439, DYS437, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635 (Y GATA C4), Y GATA H4) in 355 Korean father/son pairs of confirmed paternity with two multiplex PCR systems (multiplex I and multiplex II). A total of 275 different haplotypes were identified with a haplotype diversity value of 0.9972 in the multiplex I system which includes minimal haplotype of 9 Y-STR loci (DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389-I, DYS389-II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393). Same number of different haplotypes was identified with a haplotype diversity value of 0.9971 in the multiplex II system which includes 8 Y-STR loci (DYS438, DYS439, DYS437, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635(Y GATA C4), Y GATA H4). On the other hand, multiplex I+II PCR system using 17 Y-STR loci listed 338 haplotypes with a haplotype diversity value of 0.9972.To analyze mutation at 17 Y-STR loci, we analyzed a total of 365 father/son pairs. We identified 21 cases of mutation among 6205 allelic transfer at 12 Y-STR loci (DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389-I, DYS389-II, DYS390, DYS393, DYS439, DYS437, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635(Y GATA C4), Y GATA H4), which correspond to 0.34%/meiosis (95% C.I. 0.21๏ฝž0.52%) mutation rate. The mutation rate did not show any statistically significant difference (P>0.05) compared with published data from Japan, Germany and Norway. In addition, newly developed loci, especially DYS458 and DYS635 (Y GATA C4), demonstrated a relatively higher mutation rate than minimal haplotype loci. The mutations occurred in either one step gain or one step loss pattern, and this result was inferred by slipped-strand mispairing mechanism.These results on the haplotype and mutation patterns at 17 Y-STR loci in Koreans are expected to provide a valuable information for both forensic paternity tests and the study of population genetics using Y-STR genetic profiling.ope

    ๊ณ ์ถ” ๅฎšๆคๆœŸ ็งปๅ‹• ๋ฐ ๆ ฝๆคๅฏ†ๅบฆ์˜ ่ฎŠๅŒ–๊ฐ€ ไธป่ฆ ็—… ็™ผ็”Ÿ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟ

    No full text
    Thesis (master`s)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๋†์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™๊ณผ ์‹๋ฌผ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌํ•™์ „๊ณต,1995.Maste

    Legal Studies on Commercial Trade Dispute Risk of Broadcasting and Communications Services

    No full text

    Legal Review for Fairness of Internet Interconnection Agreement

    No full text

    A Study of Key Issues on Interconnection Agreement Openness

    No full text
    corecore