17 research outputs found

    Acoustic-based assembly defect detection system

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅λŒ€ν•™μ› : κ³΅ν•™μ „λ¬ΈλŒ€ν•™μ› μ‘μš©κ³΅ν•™κ³Ό, 2022.2. μ„±μš°μ œ.κΈ€λ‘œλ²Œ μ œμ‘°μ—…μ²΄λ“€μ€ μ œν’ˆμ˜ ν’ˆμ§ˆμ„ ν™•λ³΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ§Žμ€ λ…Έλ ₯에도 λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ , λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 원인에 μ˜ν•œ 생산 λΆˆλŸ‰μ€ μ§€μ†ν•΄μ„œ λ°œμƒν•œλ‹€. 생산 λΆˆλŸ‰ μ œν’ˆμ΄ μ†ŒλΉ„μžμ—κ²Œ 전달될 경우 이것은 직접적인 λΉ„μš© 이외에도 λΈŒλžœλ“œ 이미지λ₯Ό μΌμˆœκ°„μ— μ‹€μΆ” μ‹œμΌœ κΈ°μ—…κ²½μ˜μ— 타격을 쀄 수 μžˆλŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•œ λ¬Έμ œμ΄λ‹€. 졜근 λ”₯λŸ¬λ‹ 기술의 λ°œμ „μœΌλ‘œ 제쑰 ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ 이상 탐지(anomaly detection)기반의 λ§Žμ€ 연ꡬ가 이루어지고 μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 졜근 μ—°κ΅¬λœ κ΄€λ ¨ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄ 주둜 λΉ„μ „(vision)검사λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ μ œν’ˆμ˜ ν‘œλ©΄ 결함을 λ‹€λ£¨κ±°λ‚˜ 진동 데이터λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ 생산 μ„€λΉ„μ˜ μƒνƒœ 검사에 κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ가 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 방식은 μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” μ˜€λ””μ˜€ μ œν’ˆμ— μ μš©ν•˜κΈ°μ—λŠ” μ ν•©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ ν•˜λ£¨μ— 수백, 수천 개λ₯Ό μƒμ‚°ν•˜λŠ” μ œμ‘°μ—…μ—μ„œ μ œν’ˆμ˜ ν’ˆμ§ˆκ²€μ‚¬μ— μ„Όμ„œλ₯Ό λΆ€μ°©ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” λ§Žμ€ μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό λΉ„μš©μ΄ μ†Œμš”λœλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 단일 음ν–₯ μ„Όμ„œλ‘œ μΈ‘μ •ν•œ μŠ€ν”Όμ»€ 좜λ ₯데이터와 ν•©μ„± κ³± 신경망을 ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ›μ‹œ μ˜€λ””μ˜€ μ‹ ν˜Έμ—μ„œ 직접 ν‘œν˜„μ„ ν•™μŠ΅ν•˜λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬ λΆ„λ₯˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ 쒅단 κ°„ μ ‘κ·Ό 방법을 μ œμ‹œν•œλ‹€. 쑰립 κ²°ν•¨μ˜ λΆ„λ₯˜ μž‘μ—…κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν•„ν„°λ₯Ό ν•™μŠ΅ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 7개의 μ»¨λ³Όλ£¨μ…˜ λ ˆμ΄μ–΄κ°€ μ‚¬μš©λœλ‹€. 데이터셋은 μ—¬λŸ¬ λŒ€μ˜ μŠ€ν”Όμ»€μ—μ„œ 좜λ ₯데이터λ₯Ό 톡해 μˆ˜μ§‘λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°, 일뢀 μŠ€ν”Όμ»€ 좜λ ₯μ—μ„œ ν•™μŠ΅ν•œ 지식이 λ‹€λ₯Έ μŠ€ν”Όμ»€ 결함 μ—¬λΆ€λ₯Ό νŒλ‹¨ ν•  수 μžˆμŒμ„ λ³΄μ˜€κ³ , 평균 정확도 99\%λ₯Ό λ‹¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μ œμ•ˆν•˜λŠ” 쑰립결함 감지 기법은 기쑴의 2D ν‘œν˜„μ„ μž…λ ₯으둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 방식보닀 높은 μ„±λŠ₯을 보인닀. λ˜ν•œ, λ‹€λ₯Έ μ•„ν‚€ν…μ²˜μ— λΉ„ν•΄ 적은 수의 λ§€κ°œλ³€μˆ˜λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ–΄, μ‹€μ‹œκ°„ μ œν’ˆ ν’ˆμ§ˆ 검사에 νš¨μœ¨μ μ΄λ‹€. λ³Έ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 제쑰 ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ TV, μ°¨λŸ‰μš© AVNκ³Ό 같이 μŠ€ν”Όμ»€κ°€ νƒ‘μž¬λœ μ œν’ˆμ— λŒ€ν•œ 쑰립 곡정 λΆˆλŸ‰λ₯ μ„ κ°μ†Œμ‹œμΌœμ€„ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ κΈ°λŒ€ν•œλ‹€.Despite many efforts by global manufacturers to secure product quality, production defects due to various causes continue to occur. If defective products are delivered to consumers, this is an important problem that can damage corporate management by instantly destroying brand image in addition to direct cost. Recently, with the development of deep learning technology, many studies based on anomaly detection are being conducted in manufacturing sites. However, if you look at the related studies that have been recently studied, most of them deal with the surface defects of products through vision inspection or the state inspection of production facilities using vibration data. However, these methods are not suitable for application to audio products that deal with sound. In addition, it takes a lot of time and money to attach a sensor to apply it to quality inspection of products in a manufacturing industry that produces hundreds or thousands of units per day. In this paper, we present an end-to-end approach to sound classification that learns representations directly from raw audio signals using speaker output data measured by a single acoustic sensor and a synthetic product neural network. Seven convolutional layers are used to learn various filters related to the classification task of assembly defects. The dataset was collected through output data from multiple speakers, and it was shown that the knowledge learned from the output of some speakers can determine whether other speakers are defective, with 99% accuracy. The proposed assembly defect detection method shows higher performance than most methods that use the existing 2D representation as input. In addition, it has fewer parameters compared to other architectures, making it efficient for real-time product quality inspection. Through this study, it is expected that the assembly process defect rate will be reduced for product groups with speakers installed inside the product, such as TVs and AVNs for vehicles.I. μ„œλ‘  1 1.1 연ꡬ λ°°κ²½ 1 1.2 μ ‘κ·Ό 4 1.3 μ—°κ΅¬λ³΄κ³ μ„œ ꡬ성 5 II. κ΄€λ ¨ 연ꡬ 6 2.1 ν•©μ„±κ³± 신경망 6 2.2 전이 ν•™μŠ΅ 10 2.3 데이터 증강 11 2.4 μ‹œμž‘ 감지(Onset detection) 12 2.4.1 μ‹œκ°„ μ˜μ—­ μ‹œμž‘ 감지 12 2.4.2 주파수 μ˜μ—­ μ‹œμž‘ 감지 13 2.5 음ν–₯ μž₯λ©΄ λΆ„λ₯˜ 13 III. 문제 μ •μ˜ 방법둠 14 3.1 쑰립 κ²°ν•¨μ˜ μ •μ˜ 14 3.2 μ œμ•ˆλœ 쒅단간 아킀텍쳐 17 3.2.1 1D CNN ν† ν΄λ‘œμ§€ 19 3.2.2 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ 아킀텍쳐 21 3.3 쑰립결함 μ˜€λ””μ˜€ 데이터 증강 23 IV. μ‹€ν—˜ 및 평가 25 4.1 쑰립 결함 데이터셋 25 4.2 μ‹€ν—˜ ν™˜κ²½ 29 4.3 ν•™μŠ΅ 방법 34 4.4 평가 36 4.4.1 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬λ³„ μ„±λŠ₯ 평가 38 4.4.2 μŠ€ν”Όμ»€ 지ν–₯μ„± 뢄석 44 V. κ²°λ‘  48 μ°Έκ³  λ¬Έν—Œ 51 Abstract 57석

    2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol의 광촉맀 μ‚°ν™”λ°˜μ‘μš© TiO2 μ΄‰λ§€μ˜ 개발

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    Thesis (doctoral)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :μ‘μš©ν™”ν•™λΆ€,2004.Docto

    Acoustic-based assembly defect detection system

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    κΈ€λ‘œλ²Œ μ œμ‘°μ—…μ²΄λ“€μ€ μ œν’ˆμ˜ ν’ˆμ§ˆμ„ ν™•λ³΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ§Žμ€ λ…Έλ ₯에도 λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ , λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 원인에 μ˜ν•œ 생산 λΆˆλŸ‰μ€ μ§€μ†ν•΄μ„œ λ°œμƒν•œλ‹€. 생산 λΆˆλŸ‰ μ œν’ˆμ΄ μ†ŒλΉ„μžμ—κ²Œ 전달될 경우 이것은 직접적인 λΉ„μš© 이외에도 λΈŒλžœλ“œ 이미지λ₯Ό μΌμˆœκ°„μ— μ‹€μΆ” μ‹œμΌœ κΈ°μ—…κ²½μ˜μ— 타격을 쀄 수 μžˆλŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•œ λ¬Έμ œμ΄λ‹€. 졜근 λ”₯λŸ¬λ‹ 기술의 λ°œμ „μœΌλ‘œ 제쑰 ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ 이상 탐지(anomaly detection)기반의 λ§Žμ€ 연ꡬ가 이루어지고 μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 졜근 μ—°κ΅¬λœ κ΄€λ ¨ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄ 주둜 λΉ„μ „(vision)검사λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ μ œν’ˆμ˜ ν‘œλ©΄ 결함을 λ‹€λ£¨κ±°λ‚˜ 진동 데이터λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ 생산 μ„€λΉ„μ˜ μƒνƒœ 검사에 κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ가 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 방식은 μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” μ˜€λ””μ˜€ μ œν’ˆμ— μ μš©ν•˜κΈ°μ—λŠ” μ ν•©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ ν•˜λ£¨μ— 수백, 수천 개λ₯Ό μƒμ‚°ν•˜λŠ” μ œμ‘°μ—…μ—μ„œ μ œν’ˆμ˜ ν’ˆμ§ˆκ²€μ‚¬μ— μ„Όμ„œλ₯Ό λΆ€μ°©ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” λ§Žμ€ μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό λΉ„μš©μ΄ μ†Œμš”λœλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 단일 음ν–₯ μ„Όμ„œλ‘œ μΈ‘μ •ν•œ μŠ€ν”Όμ»€ 좜λ ₯데이터와 ν•©μ„± κ³± 신경망을 ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ›μ‹œ μ˜€λ””μ˜€ μ‹ ν˜Έμ—μ„œ 직접 ν‘œν˜„μ„ ν•™μŠ΅ν•˜λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬ λΆ„λ₯˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ 쒅단 κ°„ μ ‘κ·Ό 방법을 μ œμ‹œν•œλ‹€. 쑰립 κ²°ν•¨μ˜ λΆ„λ₯˜ μž‘μ—…κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν•„ν„°λ₯Ό ν•™μŠ΅ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 7개의 μ»¨λ³Όλ£¨μ…˜ λ ˆμ΄μ–΄κ°€ μ‚¬μš©λœλ‹€. 데이터셋은 μ—¬λŸ¬ λŒ€μ˜ μŠ€ν”Όμ»€μ—μ„œ 좜λ ₯데이터λ₯Ό 톡해 μˆ˜μ§‘λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°, 일뢀 μŠ€ν”Όμ»€ 좜λ ₯μ—μ„œ ν•™μŠ΅ν•œ 지식이 λ‹€λ₯Έ μŠ€ν”Όμ»€ 결함 μ—¬λΆ€λ₯Ό νŒλ‹¨ ν•  수 μžˆμŒμ„ λ³΄μ˜€κ³ , 평균 정확도 99\%λ₯Ό λ‹¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μ œμ•ˆν•˜λŠ” 쑰립결함 감지 기법은 기쑴의 2D ν‘œν˜„μ„ μž…λ ₯으둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 방식보닀 높은 μ„±λŠ₯을 보인닀. λ˜ν•œ, λ‹€λ₯Έ μ•„ν‚€ν…μ²˜μ— λΉ„ν•΄ 적은 수의 λ§€κ°œλ³€μˆ˜λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ–΄, μ‹€μ‹œκ°„ μ œν’ˆ ν’ˆμ§ˆ 검사에 νš¨μœ¨μ μ΄λ‹€. λ³Έ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 제쑰 ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ TV, μ°¨λŸ‰μš© AVNκ³Ό 같이 μŠ€ν”Όμ»€κ°€ νƒ‘μž¬λœ μ œν’ˆμ— λŒ€ν•œ 쑰립 곡정 λΆˆλŸ‰λ₯ μ„ κ°μ†Œμ‹œμΌœμ€„ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ κΈ°λŒ€ν•œλ‹€.Despite many efforts by global manufacturers to secure product quality, production defects due to various causes continue to occur. If defective products are delivered to consumers, this is an important problem that can damage corporate management by instantly destroying brand image in addition to direct cost. Recently, with the development of deep learning technology, many studies based on anomaly detection are being conducted in manufacturing sites. However, if you look at the related studies that have been recently studied, most of them deal with the surface defects of products through vision inspection or the state inspection of production facilities using vibration data. However, these methods are not suitable for application to audio products that deal with sound. In addition, it takes a lot of time and money to attach a sensor to apply it to quality inspection of products in a manufacturing industry that produces hundreds or thousands of units per day. In this paper, we present an end-to-end approach to sound classification that learns representations directly from raw audio signals using speaker output data measured by a single acoustic sensor and a synthetic product neural network. Seven convolutional layers are used to learn various filters related to the classification task of assembly defects. The dataset was collected through output data from multiple speakers, and it was shown that the knowledge learned from the output of some speakers can determine whether other speakers are defective, with 99% accuracy. The proposed assembly defect detection method shows higher performance than most methods that use the existing 2D representation as input. In addition, it has fewer parameters compared to other architectures, making it efficient for real-time product quality inspection. Through this study, it is expected that the assembly process defect rate will be reduced for product groups with speakers installed inside the product, such as TVs and AVNs for vehicles.I. μ„œλ‘  1 1.1 연ꡬ λ°°κ²½ 1 1.2 μ ‘κ·Ό 4 1.3 μ—°κ΅¬λ³΄κ³ μ„œ ꡬ성 5 II. κ΄€λ ¨ 연ꡬ 6 2.1 ν•©μ„±κ³± 신경망 6 2.2 전이 ν•™μŠ΅ 10 2.3 데이터 증강 11 2.4 μ‹œμž‘ 감지(Onset detection) 12 2.4.1 μ‹œκ°„ μ˜μ—­ μ‹œμž‘ 감지 12 2.4.2 주파수 μ˜μ—­ μ‹œμž‘ 감지 13 2.5 음ν–₯ μž₯λ©΄ λΆ„λ₯˜ 13 III. 문제 μ •μ˜ 방법둠 14 3.1 쑰립 κ²°ν•¨μ˜ μ •μ˜ 14 3.2 μ œμ•ˆλœ 쒅단간 아킀텍쳐 17 3.2.1 1D CNN ν† ν΄λ‘œμ§€ 19 3.2.2 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ 아킀텍쳐 21 3.3 쑰립결함 μ˜€λ””μ˜€ 데이터 증강 23 IV. μ‹€ν—˜ 및 평가 25 4.1 쑰립 결함 데이터셋 25 4.2 μ‹€ν—˜ ν™˜κ²½ 29 4.3 ν•™μŠ΅ 방법 34 4.4 평가 36 4.4.1 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬λ³„ μ„±λŠ₯ 평가 38 4.4.2 μŠ€ν”Όμ»€ 지ν–₯μ„± 뢄석 44 V. κ²°λ‘  48 μ°Έκ³  λ¬Έν—Œ 51 Abstract 57석

    A Study of R. Bultman’s Interpretation about Pauline Theology

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    Candidates Campaign Strategies and Vote Shares in the 20th National Assembly Elections

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    μ„ κ±°μ—μ„œ ν›„λ³΄μžκ°€ μœ κΆŒμžμ—κ²Œ μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” μ •λ³΄λŠ” 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€. 짧은 μ„ κ±°μš΄λ™ κΈ°κ°„ λ™μ•ˆ ν›„λ³΄μžκ°€ 유ꢌ자λ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 홍보 μ „λž΅μ„ νŽΌμΉ˜λŠ” μ΄μœ κ°€ λ°”λ‘œ 여기에 μžˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μΈμ‹ν•˜μ— λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” ν›„λ³΄μžμ˜ 홍보 μ „λž΅μ„ νƒκ΅¬ν•œλ‹€. κ·Έ μ€‘μ—μ„œλ„ ν›„λ³΄μžκ°€ ν™œμš©ν•˜λŠ” 홍보 맀체, 특히 선거곡보에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ‘”λ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 선거결과에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” λ³€μˆ˜λ‘œ ν›„λ³΄μžκ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ„ κ±°λ₯Ό κ·œμ •ν•˜κ³  ν™λ³΄ν•˜λŠ”κ°€λ₯Ό μ€‘μš”ν•˜κ²Œ κ³ λ €ν•œλ‹€. ꡬ체적으둜 제20λŒ€ 총선 ν›„λ³΄μžμ˜ 선거곡보λ₯Ό 인물, μ •μ±…, 맀체 μš”μΈμ„ μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³  μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ νŠΉμ§•μ΄ λ“ν‘œμœ¨μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯λ ₯을 μΈ‘μ •ν•œλ‹€. 이 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ νšŒκ·€λΆ„μ„ 결과에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄, ν›„λ³΄μžκ°€ μžμ‹ μ˜ 이름을 κ°•μ‘°ν• μˆ˜λ‘ λ“ν‘œμœ¨μ΄ μ¦κ°€ν•˜λŠ” 반면, μ •λ‹Ήλͺ…을 κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” 경우 λ“ν‘œμœ¨μ΄ κ°μ†Œν•˜λŠ” κ²½ν–₯을 보인닀. λ˜ν•œ μ˜μ •ν™œλ™λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” 지역ꡬ 이읡과 κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ 본인의 업적을 κ°•μ‘°ν•  λ•Œ λ“ν‘œμœ¨μ΄ μƒμŠΉν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ, μœ κΆŒμžμ—κ²Œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ†Œν†΅ 채널을 μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ“ν‘œμœ¨μ— 긍정적인 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉœλ‹€λŠ” 것을 확인할 수 μžˆλ‹€. 이 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²½ν—˜μ  κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” ν›„λ³΄μžμ˜ μ„ κ±° μ „λž΅μ΄ μ„ κ±° 결과에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ  수 μžˆμŒμ„ 보여쀀닀.Candidates develop and apply various campaign strategies to win elections. Examining campaign bulletins, this study grasps candidates campaign strategies. Furthermore, we estimate the influences of campaign strategies on vote shares. Campaign bulletin is one of the major campaign tools to communicate with voters. Analyzing campaign bulletins in the 20th National Assembly Elections, we focus on three different factors: candidate, policy, and media. This study tests the influences of each factor on election results. The regression results of this study show that stressing candidates names tends to increase vote shares. However, frequently exposing party names is more likely to affect vote shares negatively. In addition, advertising their activities that have brought economic benefits to their constituents tends to help incumbent candidates collect more votes. Finally, according to the regression results, providing various communication channels for voters can affect vote shares in a positive manner
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