28 research outputs found

    ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œก 60๋…„

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    DC/DC Half Bridge Converter Using Multiple Coupled Inductor

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    Maste

    An Analysis on International Tendency of Shadow Education -Focusing on the Demand Mechanism of Shadow Education-

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์ˆ˜์š” ์œ ๋ฐœ ์š”์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋™ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์‹ค์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ตญ์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ , TIMSS(Trend in International Mathematics and Science Study) 1995, 2003๋…„๋„ 8, 12ํ•™๋…„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ œ๋„์  ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ macro level์˜ ํ•™๋ ฅ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€, meso level์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์  ์ž…์‹œ์ œ๋„, ๊ณต๊ต์œก์ฒด์ œ ํ•™๊ต์šด์˜์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ, micro level์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์š”์ธ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์œ ๋ฐœ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ฒซ์งธ, ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋งŒ์˜ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ธ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด๊ณ  ํŠนํžˆ, ๊ตญ์ œ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ํ•™์—…์„ฑ์ทจ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์ฐธ์—ฌ์œจ๋„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์ฐธ์—ฌ ๋™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ณด์™„์  ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•™๋ ฅ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€, ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์  ์ž…์‹œ์ œ๋„, ๊ณต๊ต์œก ์ฒด์ œ ๋“ฑ์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์  ๋™๊ธฐ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ TIMSS 12ํ•™๋…„์—์„œ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์ฐธ์—ฌ์–‘ํƒœ๋Š” ํ•™๋ ฅ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์ฐธ์—ฌํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•œ ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ… ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์ˆ˜์š”์œ ๋ฐœ์š”์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์„๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ถ”ํ›„ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์—ญ์‹œ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. The purpose of the study is to examine the real condition and mechanism of shadow education through analyzing international tendency on the scale and demand factors. For this purpose, major international studies on shadow education are reviewed and TIMSS(Trend in International Mathematics and Science Study) 1995, 2003 data is analyzed. Also, the demand mechanism of shadow education is analyzed by building analytical framework based on the credentialism and tight linkage at macro-level in the institutional perspective of shadow education, high-stakes testing and the characteristics of public school management at meso-level, and finally the individual factors at micro-level. Findings of the study are followings; Firstly, shadow education is not limited to Korea, but global phenomenon. Especially, for the countries that the achievement at the international standard test is high, the participation rate of students is also high. Secondly, the demand of shadow education depends not only on remedial motivation but on enrichment motivation strongly in responding to credentialism, high stakes testing and public school system. The participation pattern of TIMSS 12 graders implies participation of shadow education for corresponding to credential competition. To realize evidence-based policy making, the empirical study on the effect as well as demand of shadow education is necessary.์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2007๋…„๋„ ์ •๋ถ€์žฌ์›(๊ต์œก์ธ์ ์ž์›๋ถ€ ํ•œ์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์กฐ์„ฑ์‚ฌ์—…๋น„)์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญํ•œ์ˆ ์ง„ํฅ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ.(KRF-2007-321-B00132)

    An analysis of the Patterns of Government Policy to Shadow Education

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    ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ์š”์•ฝ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก๋Œ€์ฑ…์— ๋‚ดํฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๊ณผ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ฑ… ๋งˆ๋ จ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฐœ์ „์  ๊ณผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋ช…ํ•จ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋จผ์ €, ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ฑ…์€ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์  ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ "์ž…์‹œ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ˜•", "์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๊ทœ์ œํ˜•", "๊ณต๊ต์œก ๋‚ด์‹คํ™”ํ˜•", "์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์ œ๊ณตํ˜•"์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€์ฑ…์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์ด ์ด๋™๋˜์–ด ์™”์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์ˆ˜์š”์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ ์œ ๋ฐœ ์š”์ธ์˜ '๋‹ค์ธต์ ์ธ ๋ฉด'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ฑ…๋“ค์ด ์ œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์กฐ์งํ™”๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์•ˆ๋ชฉ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค์™€ ์ง€์›์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Œ€์ฑ…์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ • ๋ฐ ์‹œํ–‰๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ์ธ์˜ ์ž์œจ๊ณผ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด์žฅํ•ด ์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ฑ… ์ „๋žต์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ต์œก ์ •์ฑ…๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ด์ฒด์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ฑ…์—๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํ•ด๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ต์œก์— ๋‚ด์žฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์‹œ๋„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋”์šฑ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ ๊ต์œก ์ฒด์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. This paper intents to review the patterns of past policy responses to shadow education. This paper identifies the Government's policy to shadow education into four patterns by the perspectives to supplementary private tutoring and approaches to deal with the problems defined by the perspectives. The four patterns are named with Abolition of Entrance Exam, Prohibition of participating supplementary private tutoring, Strengthening Public Education and Provision of supplementary private tutoring in Schools. This paper finds that the Government policy has followed the pattern of the Abolition of Entrance Exam, Prohibition of participating supplementary private tutoring, Strengthening Public Education and Provision of supplementary private tutoring in Schools. Based on the review of the patterns of the past policy responses to shadow education, this paper makes some suggestions for formulation of policy measures to deal with supplementary private tutoring in future. First, we need to gain a better understanding of not only causes of demanding private tutoring but also multifaceted nature of interrelationship of the causes of the demand. Secondly, Government policy could be better formulated by systems approach to the problems. Thirdly, instead of tightening regulations, the government should allow the choice and liberty of individuals in choosing the private tutoring while providing better options of learning to the students. Fourth, It would be better to follow the approach to the problem with long-term perspective. Lastly, multifaceted and comprehensive approach is needed that can work well with other education policies. Although it is certain that there has been limitation in the existing policy to shadow education, the process of problem solving through various policy responses to shadow education has come to influence not only on the development of public education but also the changes in university entrance selection systems. This implies that the past policies implemented thus far to a large extent had made significant influences on the development of public school system.์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2008๋…„๋„ ์ •๋ถ€์žฌ์›(๊ต์œก์ธ์ ์ž์›๋ถ€ ํ•™์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์กฐ์„ฑ์‚ฌ์—…๋น„)์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญํ•™์ˆ ์ง„ํฅ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ(KRF-2007-321-B00132)

    [์ด์Šˆ ๋ถ„์„] ํฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•™๊ตํ˜์‹ 

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    I. 4์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…๊ณผ ์–‘๊ทนํ™” โ…ก. ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ต์œก์ด ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋„์ „ โ…ข. ํฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•™๊ตํ˜์‹  1. ํฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•™๊ตํ˜์‹  โ–  ํ•™๊ตํ˜์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… โ–  ํ•™๊ตํ˜์‹ ์˜ ์ „๊ฐœ 2. ํฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•™๊ตํ˜์‹ ์˜ ๋‚œ์  3. ํ•™๊ตํ˜์‹  ์ถ”์ง„์ „๋žต โ…ฃ. ํฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ ํ•™๊ตํ˜์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ 1. ๊ต์œก ์šด์˜ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์˜ ์ „ํ™˜ 2. ํ‰๋“ฑ์„ฑ vs ์ˆ˜์›”์„ฑ 3. ํ•™์—…์„ฑ์ทจ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋…์˜ ์žฌ์ •๋ฆฝ 4. ํ•™๊ต๋ณ„ ๊ต์œก์˜ ์ค‘์  ์„ค์ • 5. ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์•ฝ์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก๋ณต์ง€์ฒด์ œ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ์šด์˜ โ–  ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ์ž…์˜ ์›์น™(developmental timing) โ–  ๊ต์œก์ง€์› ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์šด์˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์  ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ณด์œ (professional training) โ–  ๊ด€๋ จ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ์˜ ํ˜‘๋™์  ์กฐ์ •(coordinated services) โ–  ๋ณด์ถฉ์  ๊ต์ˆ˜-ํ•™์Šต ํ™œ๋™ ์ œ๊ณต(compensatory instructional benefits) โ–  ์ง‘์ค‘๋„, ์ œ๋„์  ์ง€์›, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฑ…๋ฌด

    Competency Development and Mind Enlightenment: The perspective of the Doctrine of the Mean(ไธญๅบธ)

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฐœ์ „์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” OECD์˜ ๋…ผ์˜์—์„œ reflectivity์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์  ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•จ์„ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. OECD์˜ DeSeCo(Defining and Selecting Key Competencies)์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์  ์ •์‹  ๊ตฌ์กฐ (internal mental structure)๋กœ์„œ reflectivity๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ reflectivity๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์ (ๅ็œ็š„) ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์นญํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ(development)์—์„œ ํ•œ ์ฐจ์› ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๊ณ„๋ฐœ(enlightenment)ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์กด์žฌ ์ž์ฒด์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋งˆ์Œ๊ณ„๋ฐœ์ด ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„์ƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ๋ณผ ๋•Œ, ํ•ต์‹ฌ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ์•ž์„œ ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„๋ฐœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋งˆ์Œ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์šฉ(ไธญๅบธ)์˜ ๊ด€์ ์„ ์ทจํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งˆ์Œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ค‘์šฉ(ไธญๅบธ)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณธ ๋งˆ์Œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋šซ๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์œ„๋กœ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋šซ๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š˜๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋งบ์Œ์„ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜†์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋šซ๋ ค ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ์„œ(ๅ…‹ๅทฑ) ๋‚˜์™€ ๋‚จ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ํ•˜๋Š˜์˜ ๋œป์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์š•๋ง์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋•(ๅพท)์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์กด์žฌ๋กœ ๋ณ€๋ชจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์šฉ(ไธญๅบธ)์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ๊ฐ€์ง์„ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์— ํ’ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ธ์ž(ไป่€…)๋กœ์„œ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•„๋‹ˆํ•˜๊ณ (ไป่€…ไธๆ†‚), ์ง€์ž(็Ÿฅ่€…)๋กœ์„œ ์œ ํ˜น์— ํœฉ์“ธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•„๋‹ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ(็Ÿฅ่€…ไธๆƒ‘), ์šฉ์ž(ๅ‹‡่€…)๋กœ์„œ ํ’ˆ์€ ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต(ๅ‹‡่€…ไธๆ‡ผ)์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋งˆ์Œ๊ณ„๋ฐœ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐํž˜์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ•™๊ต๊ต์œก์—์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ต์œก์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์ง€ํ–ฅ(ๆŒ‡ๅ‘)์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. This study argues that it is more important to enlighten human mind than to develop key competencies in terms of human development. For this, the current study addresses the limitations of OECD's functional approach to competency development, by exploring the conceptual framework of key competencies identified by OECD researchers. Then, it explores the structure of human mind, drawn from the perspective of the Doctrine of the Mean(ไธญๅบธ) which is one of the important East Asian philosophical traditions that has studied the theme of human being or mind. When based on the analysis of the structure of human mind which uses the perspective of the Doctrine of the Mean, this study found that key competencies that a human being should have are basically produced through the operation of human mind. Also, human mind in the Doctrine of the Mean is 'transformed being' from ego-centered to virtue centered. The findings of this study provide some useful implications for the human development. First, given the nature of the human mind and the important role it plays in human life, the primary focus of education should be placed on enlightening the mind of human beings. Second, this study suggests that school education and extra-curricular activities should not only provide knowledge and techniques that are needed in a modern society, but also make an effort to enlighten human mind
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