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    ์‹คํ—˜์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ๋ง‰์‹ ์ƒํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ์ฅ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ ํ…”๋กœ๋จธ๋ ˆ์ด์ฆˆ ์œ ๋ž˜ ํŽฉํƒ€์ด๋“œ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์˜ ์–ต์ œํšจ๊ณผ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์˜๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2021. 2. ์œ ํ˜•๊ณค.๋ชฉ์ : ๋งฅ๋ฝ๋ง‰ ์‹ ์ƒํ˜ˆ๊ด€์€ ์Šต์„ฑ ์—ฐ๋ น๊ด€๋ จํ™ฉ๋ฐ˜๋ณ€์„ฑ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์ ์ธ ์†Œ๊ฒฌ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งฅ๋ฝ๋ง‰ ์‹ ์ƒํ˜ˆ๊ด€์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ธฐ์ „์—๋Š” ํ˜ˆ๊ด€๋‚ดํ”ผ์„ฑ์žฅ์ธ์ž(VEGF)์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€์‹ ์ƒ ์ž๊ทน๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฐํ™” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์™€ ์—ผ์ฆ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„ ํ…”๋กœ๋จธ๋ ˆ์ด์ฆˆ ์œ ๋ž˜ ํŽฉํƒ€์ด๋“œ์ธ GV1001์ด ์‹คํ—˜์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ๋ง‰ ์‹ ์ƒํ˜ˆ๊ด€์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: ์‹คํ—˜์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ๋ง‰ ์‹ ์ƒํ˜ˆ๊ด€์€ Brown Norway ์ฅ์—์„œ ๋ ˆ์ด์ €๋กœ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. GV1001์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 0.1 nM, 1 nM, 10 nM์„ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ํ”ผํ•˜๋กœ ์ฃผ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์œ ๋„ 3์ผ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์œ ๋„ ํ›„ 14์ผ์งธ๊นŒ์ง€ ํˆฌ์•ฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋งฅ๋ฝ๋ง‰ ์‹ ์ƒํ˜ˆ๊ด€์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น›๊ฐ„์„ญ๋‹จ์ธต์ดฌ์˜, ํ˜•๊ด‘์•ˆ์ €ํ˜ˆ๊ด€์กฐ์˜์ˆ , ๋ง๋ง‰์ƒ‰์†Œ์ƒํ”ผ-๋งฅ๋ฝ๋ง‰ ํ”Œ๋žซ ๋งˆ์šดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. GV1001์˜ ์ž‘์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ „์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, IฮบB-ฮฑ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์˜ ๋†๋„์™€ nuclear factor ฮบB (NF-ฮบB) ์˜ ํ•ต๋‚ด ์ด๋™์„ p65 ๋ฉด์—ญ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•™ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ interleukin (IL)-1ฮฒ, IL-6, VEGF, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-ฮฑ ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๋ฉด์—ญ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ: GV1001 ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งฅ๋ฝ๋ง‰ ์‹ ์ƒํ˜ˆ๊ด€์˜ ๋‘๊ป˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  (P < 0.001), ๋ฉด์ ์ด ์ž‘์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ (P < 0.001), ํ˜•๊ด‘์•ˆ์ €ํ˜ˆ๊ด€์กฐ์˜์ˆ ์—์„œ ์ž„์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€๋ˆ„์ถœ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์ด ์ ์—ˆ๊ณ  (P < 0.001), 1 nM ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์–ต์ œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ GV1001 ์€ IฮบB-ฮฑ ๋ถ„ํ•ด (P < 0.05)์™€ NF-ฮบB p65 ์˜ ํ•ต๋‚ด ์ด๋™ (P < 0.01)์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 1 nM GV1001 ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์‹œ์— IL-1ฮฒ (P < 0.001), IL-6 (P < 0.001), VEGF (P = 0.005) ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก : GV1001 ์˜ ์ „์‹  ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์œ ๋ฐœ ์‹คํ—˜์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ๋ง‰ ์‹ ์ƒํ˜ˆ๊ด€์„ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” NF-ฮบB ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑ์ด ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์—ผ์ฆ ๊ธฐ์ „ ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์—ผ์ฆ์„ฑ ์‚ฌ์ดํ† ์นด์ธ์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธก๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์Šต์„ฑ ์—ฐ๋ น๊ด€๋ จํ™ฉ๋ฐ˜๋ณ€์„ฑ์˜ ๋ณด์กฐ์  ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „๋žต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ํ›„๋ณด ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ์ž ์žฌ์  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.Purpose: The choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the main pathogenic process in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). CNV formation occurs by a complex mechanism involving oxidative stress and inflammation as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-related angiogenic stimuli. In current study, we investigated the effect of GV1001, a novel peptide derived from human telomerase reverse transcriptase, on experimental CNV. Methods: Experimental CNV was induced by laser photocoagulation in Brown Norway rats. GV1001 was subcutaneously administered (0.1 nM, 1 nM, and 10 nM) daily, beginning 3 days prior, and ending 14 days after laser injury. Optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and choroidal flat mount were performed to analyze CNV. To determine the mechanism by which GV1001 acted, the protein level of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B-ฮฑ (IฮบB-ฮฑ) and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ฮบB) was analyzed via immunohistochemistry of p65. Multiplex immunoassay was also performed to evaluate the interleukin (IL)-1ฮฒ, IL-6, VEGF, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-ฮฑ levels. Results: The GV1001-treated group had significantly lower CNV thickness (P < 0.001), smaller CNV area (P < 0.001), and lower proportion of CNV lesions with clinically significant fluorescein leakage (P < 0.001) than vehicle-treated group, with the highest inhibitory effect at 1 nM concentration. GV1001 treatment inhibited IฮบB-ฮฑ degradation (P < 0.05) and NF-ฮบB p65 nuclear translocation (P < 0.01). 1 nM GV1001 treatment significantly suppressed the levels of IL-1ฮฒ (P < 0.001), IL-6 (P < 0.001), and VEGF (P = 0.005). Conclusions: Systemic administration of GV1001 led to significant suppression of laser-induced CNV, alongside inhibition of inflammatory processes including NF-ฮบB activation and subsequent upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study demonstrates the molecular evidence of potential validity of these novel drug candidates as a reasonable therapeutic adjuvant strategy for treating neovascular AMD.Abstract i Table of Contents iii List of Figures v List of Abbreviations vii Introduction 1 Materials and Methods 5 1. Group classification according to the administration of GV1001 peptide and control vehicle 5 2. Laser-induced choroidal neovascularization 6 3. Optical coherence tomography 6 4. Flat mount staining and choroidal neovascularization size measurement 7 5. Fluorescein angiography 7 6. Western blot analysis for IฮบB-ฮฑ, phospho-IฮบB-ฮฑ, and phospho-NF-ฮบB p65 8 7. Immunohistochemistry for NF-ฮบB p65 9 8. Quantification of cytokines 9 9. Telomerase activity in CNV 10 10. Statistical analysis 10 Results 14 1. Inhibitory effect of GV1001 on laser-induced CNV; Quantification of CNV 14 2. Anti-angiogenic effect of GV1001 on CNV; Angiographic leakage from CNV 14 3. Inhibition of NF-ฮบB activation in vivo by treatment with GV1001 15 4. Effect of GV1001 on pro-inflammatory cytokines production 16 5. Telomerase activity in CNV 17 Discussion 27 References 36 Abstract in Korean 42Docto

    The Interplay between Individual and Dyadic Accounts of Married Couples

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณต์ง€ํ•™๊ณผ,2020. 2. ๊น€ํ˜œ๋ž€.๊ณ ๋ นํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€(age well)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋…ธํ›„ ์‚ฌํšŒํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊นŠ์ด์žˆ๋Š” ํ†ต์ฐฐ ๋ฐ ์‹ค์งˆ์  ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์œ ์šฉ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋…„๊ธฐ ํ™œ๋™์ด๋ก (activity theory of aging)์ด ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋…ธ์ธ๋ถ€๋ถ€๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ๋…ธ๋…„๊ธฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ€์˜ ์—ญ๋™์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ๋Š˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž์˜ ํ–‰๋™, ํƒœ๋„, ์ผ์ƒํ™œ๋™ ๋“ฑ์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ˜ธ์˜์กด์ด๋ก (interdependence theory)์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๋ถ€์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์˜์กด ๋งŸ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋”์šฑ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์— ํž˜์ž…์–ด ์ƒํ˜ธ์˜์กด์ด๋ก ์ด ๋…ธ์ธ๋ถ€๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ ๊ทน ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•ด์˜จ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ๋ถ€๋ถ€์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๋ น์ง‘๋‹จ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ค„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๋…ธ์ธ๋ถ€๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒํ™œ๋™๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ƒํ˜ธ์˜์กด์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ๋ถ€๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒํ™œ๋™ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์™€ ๊ธ์ •์ ยท๋ถ€์ •์  ์ธก๋ฉด์˜ ๋…ธํ›„ ์›ฐ๋น™, ์ฆ‰, ์‚ถ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ณผ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์„ธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ฐœ์ธ(individual) ๋ฐ ์–‘์ž๊ด€๊ณ„(้›™; dyadic) ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ6์ฐจ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒจ๋„(KLoSA) ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋งŒ60์„ธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ 1,631์Œ(3,262๋ช…) ๋…ธ์ธ๋ถ€๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋กœ ์„ ๋ณ„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋ถ€๋ถ€์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์˜์กด์„ฑ์„ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ-์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ ์ƒํ˜ธ์˜์กด ๋ชจ๋ธ (APIM)๋กœ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์ธ๋ถ€๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒํ™œ๋™ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์™€ ์‚ถ๋งŒ์กฑ ๋ฐ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์„ธ์™€์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ยท์–‘์ž์  ์—ญ๋™๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š”, ์—ฐ๋ น, ๊ต์œก์ˆ˜์ค€, ํ˜„์žฌ ๋…ธ๋™์ฐธ์—ฌ, ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์†Œ๋“, ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•, ์ธ์ง€๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์ˆ˜์ค€, ์ž๋…€์™€์˜ ๋™๊ฑฐ์œ ๋ฌด, ๋น„๋™๊ฑฐ ์ž๋…€์™€์˜ ๋งŒ๋‚จ๋นˆ๋„, ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์—ญ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ข…๊ต์œ ๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ œ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋‚จํŽธ๊ณผ ์•„๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ์„œ, ์นœ๊ตฌ, ์ด์›ƒ, ์นœ์ฒ™ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ๋งŒ๋‚จ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„๊ณต์‹์  ์‚ฌํšŒํ™œ๋™ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋Š” ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์‚ถ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ณผ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์„ธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์–‘์ž์ (dyadic) ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋ถ„์„์—์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚จํŽธ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ๋‚จํŽธ์ด ์•„๋‚ด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์˜ˆ์ƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ข…๊ต์ง‘๋‹จ ํ™œ๋™, ์—ฐ๊ณ ์ง‘๋‹จ ํ™œ๋™, ์นœ๋ชฉ์ง‘๋‹จ ํ™œ๋™, ์—ฌ๊ฐ€๋‹จ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™ ๋“ฑ ๊ณต์‹์  ์‚ฌํšŒํ™œ๋™ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚จํŽธ์˜ ๋†’์€ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์„ธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ํ•œ๊ตญ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋‚จํŽธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋ถ€์žฅ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, ๋…ธ๋…„๊ธฐ ํ™œ๋™์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ์˜์กด์ด๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•จ์˜ ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ์ž…๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•จ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.The present study aimed to examine individual and dyadic accounts of older married couple dyads, in relation to social activity participation and later life well-being. Along with the aging of our society, much focus has been on how to age well, and the activity theory of aging has provided valuable insights and been one of the most preferred theories adopted by social workers and practitioners due to its applicability. As well, a number of studies have started to investigate the dynamics of older married couples who have increasingly become a large part of the population in recent years. The interdependent theory argues that a spouses behavior, attitude, emotions, daily activities, etc. may be decided by his or her partner, and can evolve into a distinct mold of interpersonal regulation in the long term. Nonetheless, it appears that few studies have attempted to examine the interdependence of older married couples (who are likely to have a longer history of interdependent interactions than other age-group couples) with regard to their social activity participation and its impact. Therefore, the present study examined individual and dyadic experiences of older married couples in relation to social activity participation and later life well-being as in life satisfaction and depressive symptoms. Using the sixth wave of Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) panel data, 1,631 dyads (3,262 individuals) of married older adults aged 60 years and above were selected for the study. In order to examine not only married couples individual experiences but also their dyadic accounts of social activity participation and its effects on later life well-being, Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) was adopted for analyses. Older married couples social activity participation was examined with life satisfaction and depressive symptoms, while confounding variables such as age, educational attainment, labor force perspiration, household income, subjective health, cognitive functioning level, cohabitation with children, frequency of meeting with non-cohabitant children, residential area, and religion were controlled. In the individual level analyses, the findings showed that higher levels of informal social activity participation such as meeting up with friends, neighbors, and relatives were indeed likely to be related to higher levels of life satisfaction as well as lower levels of depressive symptoms for both husbands and wives, as expected. In the dyadic level analyses, however, the results demonstrated that the wives were not likely to be affected by their husband, which has been a common direction of the findings in previous dyadic studies, albeit with different research questions. Interestingly, it was the husbands depressive symptoms that were linked to their wifes formal and informal social activity participation. Unexpectedly, though, the types of the social activity appeared to elicit the opposite results. That is, the wives higher levels of participation in informal social activities were related to their husband lower levels of depressive symptoms; but the wives higher levels of participation in formal social activities were related to their husband higher levels of depressive symptoms. While the wives meet-up with friends, neighbors, and others seemed to be associated with ameliorating their husbands depressive symptoms, the wives activity participation such as volunteering, joining religious group activities, sports clubs, political/interest groups, etc. appeared to be related to the worsening of their husbands depressive symptoms. Therefore, even though the results are seemingly the opposite from the previous studies, it was argued in the discussion that the findings of the husbands being affected by their wife represent the husbands conservative values in Korea. Still, this finding should be taken with caution because the present study used the cross-sectional data and did not actively investigate causal relationships. The implications for the activity theory of aging and the interdependence theory as well as for developing intervention programs were discussed.CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Statement of the Problem and Significance of the Study 1 1.2. Research Questions 7 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 8 2.1. Social Activity in Later Life 8 2.1.1. Activity Theory of Aging 8 2.1.2. Social Activity and Life Satisfaction in Later Life 18 2.1.3. Social Activity and Depressive Symptoms in Later Life 23 2.2. Interdependence of Married Couples in Later Life 28 2.2.1. Interdependence Theory 28 2.2.2. Interdependence of Married Couples in Later Life 31 2.2.3. Dyadic Accounts of Married Couples in Social Activity 38 2.3. Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) 44 CHAPTER III RESEARCH MODEL AND HYPOTHESES 51 3.1. Research Model 51 3.2. Research Hypotheses 53 CHAPTER IV METHODOLOGY 55 4.1. Study Data and the Participants 55 4.2. Measurements 57 4.2.1. Social Activity Participation 57 4.2.2. Life Satisfaction 60 4.2.3. Depressive Symptoms 61 4.2.4. Control Variables 63 4.3. Data Analytic Strategy 73 CHAPTER V RESULTS 78 5.1. Characteristics of the Participants 78 5.2. Characteristics and Correlations of the Main Variables 82 5.3. Hypotheses Test 86 5.3.1. Social Activity and Life Satisfaction 87 5.3.2. Social Activity and Depressive Symptoms 92 CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION 103 6.1. Discussion 103 6.2. Implications and Suggestions 120 References 128 Appendix 154 Abstract (Korean) 164Docto

    VAR๋ชจํ˜•์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์žฌ์ •์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ถ„์„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™๋ถ€, 2014. 2. ์ด๊ทผ.๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ VAR ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ์ •์ •์ฑ…์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋™ํƒœ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. 2000๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2011๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์žฌ์ •์˜ ์›”๋ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณ„์ •์˜ ๋ถ„๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์žฌ์ •๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ •์˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์žฌ์ •์ • ์ฑ…์ด ๊ฑฐ์‹œ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ •๋ถ€์ง€์ถœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์€ ์‹ค์งˆGDP์™€ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹ค ์งˆ์ด์ž์œจ์€ ์›”๋ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ์—์„œ ์Œ(-)์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ •๋ถ€์ˆ˜์ž… ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ ๊ฒฉ์€ ์‹ค์งˆGDP์™€ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฝ์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์งˆ์ด์ž์œจ์€ ์–‘(๏ผ‹)์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์žฌ์ •์Šน์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์žฌ์ •์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์กฐ์„ธ์Šน์ˆ˜๋Š” 1๋ณด ๋‹ค ์ž‘์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •๋ถ€์ง€์ถœ ์Šน์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชจํ˜•์—์„œ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ’์ด 1๋ณด๋‹ค ์ปธ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ผ€์ด์ง€์•ˆํ•™ํŒŒ(Keynesian)์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์„ธ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •๋ถ€์ง€์ถœ ํ™•๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ถ€์–‘ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋” ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ •๋ถ€์ง€์ถœ ํ™•๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œ ํ•œ๋‹ค.โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1 โ…ก. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ 3 1. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 3 2. ์™ธ๊ตญ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 6 โ…ข. ๋ชจํ˜• 8 โ…ฃ. ์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„ 11 1. ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์„ค๋ช… 11 2. ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 12 (1) ์›”๋ณ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ 12 (2) ๋ถ„๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ 16 โ…ค. ์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 19 โ…ฅ. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ๊ณผ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  28 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 31 Abstract 35Maste

    ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ - ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ -

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์†Œ๋น„์žํ•™๊ณผ, 2012. 8. ์—ฌ์ •์„ฑ.์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด๋Š” ์†Œ์•ก๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋ผ๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์ด ์žˆ์–ด ํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณค๋ž€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์ธ์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์ •์ œ๋„๋Š” ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž์˜ ์‚ฌ์ •์„ ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒํ˜ธ์–‘๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ์†ก๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ณ„ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋“ฑ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์‚ฌ๋ก€๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋น„์ž ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ์˜ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ • ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์ œ๋„์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์šฐ์„  ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ข… ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ก€ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ๊ณผ ์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์†Œ๋น„์ž์› ํ™ˆํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ก€๋กœ, 2010~2011๋…„ 2๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ด 242๊ฐœ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ด๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„, ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ณ„, ๋ถ„์Ÿ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„, ๋ถ„์Ÿ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ณ„, ๊ท€์ฑ…์˜ ์†Œ์žฌ๋ณ„, ์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„, ๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ ์šฉ๋ณ„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฑ„ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋„์ถœํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ๊ทœ์ •์„ ๊ฒฌ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์™„ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„์›์˜ ์ž๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฒ•๋ น์—์„œ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋„ ๊ทœ์ •์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ„์›์˜ ์ œ์ฒ™โ€ง๊ธฐํ”ผโ€งํšŒํ”ผ ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ๋„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ทœ์ •์˜ ๋ฏธ๋น„๋Š” ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์„ ์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์š”์ธ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทœ์ •์˜ ๋ณด์™„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ํ†ต์ผ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •๋น„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š”, ์†Œ๋น„์ž์™€ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋ถ„์Ÿ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์™€ ์ „๋ฌธ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์žฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด, ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์˜ ์‹ ์ฒญ์ฃผ์ฒด์™€ ์กฐ์ •ํšจ๋ ฅ, ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ์„ค๋ฆฝ์˜ ์ทจ์ง€์™€ ์‹ค๋ฌด๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ž์œจ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์กฐ์ •์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ทœ์ •์€ ํ†ต์ผ์„ฑ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ •๋น„๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด ๋ชจ์ƒ‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ •์ฑ…์ด ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ถˆ๊ณต์ •์•ฝ๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์‚ฌ๋ก€์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋ถ„์Ÿ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ๋„ ๋‹ค์†Œ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์€ ์‹œ์ผ์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ํ›„์— ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ  ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์—๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์„ค๋ช…์˜๋ฌด์˜ ์ดํ–‰์—ฌ๋ถ€๋‚˜ ํŠน์•ฝ์˜ ๊ณ ์ง€์—ฌ๋ถ€ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ด ์ง€์‹์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ ์ƒํ’ˆ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์‚ฌ์—…์ž์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์˜๋ฌด์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„๋ฃŒ์ฐจํŠธ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ƒ์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์ธ ์ถ”์ •์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์†Œ๋น„์ž๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์‹ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํŒ๋‹จ์˜ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌํ–‰์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ์ฒญ์•ฝ์ฒ ํšŒ๋‚˜ ๊ณ„์•ฝํ•ด์ง€ ์š”๊ตฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ„์Ÿ์˜ ์†Œ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์Œ์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ์•ฝ๊ด€์„ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ณต์ •์•ฝ๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ œ์ •์ฑ…์ด ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋น„์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ ๋ถˆ๊ณต์ •์•ฝ๊ด€์ด ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์ œ๋„์˜ ์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ถ„์Ÿ์˜ ์†Œ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹ด๊ณผ ํ•ฉ์˜๊ถŒ๊ณ  ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ • ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌํ–‰์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ์œ„๋ฒ•ํ–‰์œ„ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ™˜๊ธ‰๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์€ ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฒ•์˜ ์ ์šฉ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•„๋„ ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ • ์‚ฌ๋ก€์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ •์•ˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ๋„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ์œ„๋ฒ•ํ–‰์œ„๋ณด๋‹ค ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌํ–‰์‚ฌ์—์„œ, ์†ํ•ด๋ฐฐ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ™˜๊ธ‰๋ถ„์Ÿ์—์„œ ์กฐ์ •์•ˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฑ…์ž„๋ถ„์Ÿ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ์—†์ด ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ์กฐ์ •์•ˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์€ ์ฑ…์ž„์†Œ์žฌ์— ์žˆ์–ด ํ•ฉ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌํ–‰์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ™˜๊ธ‰๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์กฐ์ •์•ˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์€ ์กฐ์ •์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋  ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋“ค์ด ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์—์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ํ˜„์žฌ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์ œ๋„์˜ ์šด์˜์— ์ž์›์˜ ๋‚ญ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์‚ฌ๋ก€์—๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์˜ ์‹ ์ฒญ์ž๊ฐ€ 100% ์†Œ๋น„์ž ํ˜น์€ ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฐ์ •์—์˜ ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž ์ฃผ์žฅ์ฑ„ํƒ๋„ ์†Œ๋น„์ž์ฒญ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์ด ์›”๋“ฑํžˆ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•จ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์ œ๋„๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜์— ์šด์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๋‹ด๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์†Œ๋น„์ž์›์—์„œ ๋งก๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด, ์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€๋‚˜์นœ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ • ์ œ๋„์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ์ €ํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์ œ๋„์˜ ์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์ •์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์€ ์ƒ๋‹ด๊ณผ ํ•ฉ์˜๊ถŒ๊ณ  ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋ณด์™„์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์—…์ž๋“ค๋„ ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์†Œ๋น„์ž ๊ด€๋ จ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์„ฏ์งธ, ์†Œ๋น„์ž ๊ต์œก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋น„์ž ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์‚ฌ๋ก€์—๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ๋ณ€์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ฒญ์•ฝ์ฒ ํšŒ๊ถŒ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์†Œ๋น„์ž ์‚ฌ์œ ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ณ„์†๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ณ„์•ฝํ•ด์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์ƒ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๊ท€์ฑ…์‚ฌ์œ ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ํ˜„ํ–‰๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋น„๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์†Œ๋น„์ž ๊ต์œก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์†Œ๋น„์ž ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๊ด„ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ข€ ๋” ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํžˆ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ข€ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณธ๋‹ค.๋ชฉ ์ฐจ ์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 4 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ 4 1. ์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ์˜ ์˜์˜์™€ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 4 2. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ์ œ๋„์˜ ์œ ํ˜• 5 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋Œ€์ฒด์  ๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ œ๋„ 11 1. ๋Œ€์ฒด์  ๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ œ๋„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ํŠน์ง• 11 2. ๋Œ€์ฒด์  ๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ œ๋„์˜ ์œ ํ˜• 13 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ • 17 1. ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ์˜์˜์™€ ํŠน์„ฑ 17 2. ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ํŠน์„ฑ 18 3. ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์ œ๋„ 20 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 26 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ 26 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 27 1. ๋ถ„์„์ž๋ฃŒ 27 2. ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ์„ ์ • 27 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 30 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ 31 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์ œ๋„ 31 1. ์œ„์›ํšŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 32 2. ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์˜ ์‹ ์ฒญ 35 3. ๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ •์˜ ์กฐ์ •ํšจ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 37 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ • ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ถ„์„ 39 1. ์ƒํ’ˆ ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์œ ํ˜• 39 2. ๋ถ„์Ÿ๋‚ด์šฉ 42 3. ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์ƒ ๊ท€์ฑ…์˜ ์†Œ์žฌ 45 4. ์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด 47 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ถ„์Ÿ์กฐ์ • ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณธ ์†Œ๋น„์žํ”ผํ•ด๊ตฌ์ œ ๋ถ„์„ 49 1. ๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ ์šฉ ์—ฌ๋ถ€ 49 2. ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 57 3. ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž ์ฃผ์žฅ์˜ ์ฑ„ํƒ 61 4. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 67 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์ฃผ์š”๋ถ„์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„ 69 1. ๋ถ„์„ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ์„ ์ • 69 2. ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ์œ„๋ฒ•ํ–‰์œ„ 70 3. ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌํ–‰์‚ฌ 74 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 77 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์š”์•ฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  77 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ œ์–ธ 81 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 82 Abstract 86Maste

    ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ ์ฆ์ง„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ „์กฐ์‚ฌ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ : ๋ฒ ํŠธ๋‚จ ์˜๋ฃŒ์‹œ์„ค ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๊ณต์ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์›์กฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์›์กฐํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€ ๋Š์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์›์กฐ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณต์ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์›์กฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ณต์ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์›์กฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ๋ฐ ์‚ฌํ›„ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ์น˜์ค‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์—… ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ˆ˜์š”์™€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์„ฑ ๋ถ€์กฑ, ๊ตญ๋ณ„์ „๋žต์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์  ๋ถ€ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋ถ€์กฑ, ์œ„๊ธฐ์š”์†Œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธํก ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์ด ์‚ฌ์—… ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์˜ ์ €ํ•ด ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณต์ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์›์กฐ์™€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ฐ ๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋™ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ณต์—ฌ๊ตญ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ˜‘๋ ฅ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฒด๊ณ„์™€ ์‚ฌ์ „์กฐ์‚ฌ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋น„๊ต ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ˜‘๋ ฅ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ผ๊ฐœ ์˜๋ฃŒ์‹œ์„ค ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ ์‚ฌ์—… ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ €ํ•ดํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ ์ฆ์ง„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ „ ํ‰๊ฐ€์˜ ์ดํ–‰ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋‹คํ•™์ œ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ „ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ณต์ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์›์กฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ธฐํš ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ „ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋…๋ฆฝ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ „ ํ‰๊ฐ€์˜ ์งˆ์  ๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง๊ณผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์‹œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ง€ํ‘œ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘๊ฐ„ํ‰๊ฐ€์™€ ์‚ฌํ›„ํ‰๊ฐ€์™€ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒด์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ „ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ ์‚ฌํ›„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ™˜๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ด๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์™€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ง€ํ‘œ ์„ค์ • ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€ยท๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ๊ณ„ํš์€ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ธฐํš ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ„ํš๋˜๊ณ  ์‹คํ–‰๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ํฐ ํ‹€ ์•ˆ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ณต์ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์›์กฐ์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ์ธ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ ์ œ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ฌ์ธต์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ „ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ œ๋„์  ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด ๋งˆ๋ จ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.open์„

    3, 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์•„๋™๊ฐ€์กฑํ•™๊ณผ, 2014. 2. ์ด์ˆœํ˜•.์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 3, 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ๊ฐ ๋ณ€์ธ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์ธ์ง€์  ํŠน์„ฑ์ธ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์ธ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์œ ์•„์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ใ€์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ 1ใ€‘ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์€ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€? ใ€์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ 2ใ€‘ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€? ใ€์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ 3ใ€‘ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ํ†ต์ œ ํ›„ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? ใ€์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ 4ใ€‘ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ํ†ต์ œ ํ›„ ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? ใ€์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ 5ใ€‘ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น, ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ๊ฐ€? ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ์šธ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋„์˜ ์ค‘๋ฅ˜์ธต ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” 3์„ธ(60๋ช…)์™€ 5์„ธ(60๋ช…)์œ ์•„ 120๋ช…๊ณผ, ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋‹ด์ž„๊ต์‚ฌ 23๋ช…์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ ์•„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ต์‚ฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” SPSS ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋นˆ๋„, ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ, ํ‰๊ท , ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ, ๋…๋ฆฝํ‘œ๋ณธ t ๊ฒ€์ฆ, Pearson ์ ๋ฅ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜, ์ค‘๋‹คํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์€ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–ต์ œ, ์ธ์ง€์  ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ, ์ž‘์—…๊ธฐ์–ต์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ 3์„ธ ์œ ์•„๋ณด๋‹ค 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋†€์ด๋ฐฉํ•ด์™€ ๋†€์ด๋‹จ์ ˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์€ 3์„ธ ์œ ์•„๋ณด๋‹ค 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ธ์ •์  ํ–‰๋™์ธ ๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์€ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์œ ์•„์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ‘œํ˜„์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ 3์„ธ ์œ ์•„๋ณด๋‹ค 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„๊ฐ€ 3์„ธ ์œ ์•„๋ณด๋‹ค ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘์—์„œ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ ์‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” 3์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์–ต์ œ, ์ž‘์—…๊ธฐ์–ต๊ณผ 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์ž‘์—…๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ์œ ์•„์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ํ‘œํ˜„์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ, 3, 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” 3์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์–ต์ œ์™€ ์ธ์ง€์  ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 3, 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์€ ํ•˜์œ„์˜์—ญ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘๊ณผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์œ ์•„์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘๊ณผ ๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์€ ์ •์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ๋†€์ด๋ฐฉํ•ด, ๋†€์ด๋‹จ์ ˆ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์˜ ํ•˜์œ„์š”์ธ ์ค‘ ์–ต์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ๋ถ€์ •์  ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ธ ๋†€์ด๋ฐฉํ•ด์™€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, 3์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์ค‘ ์ธ์ง€์  ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋‚˜ 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์€ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค. ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, 3์„ธ์™€ 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ๋†€์ด๋‹จ์ ˆ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์„ฏ์งธ, ์œ ์•„์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์€ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜ ํ•˜์œ„์š”์ธ์ธ ๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ๋†€์ด๋‹จ์ ˆ, ๋†€์ด๋ฐฉํ•ด์™€ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์˜ ์ธ์ง€์  ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 3, 5์„ธ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์ด ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ๋ณ€์ธ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ์•„์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฉฐ, ์œ ์•„์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทธ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค.๋ชฉ ์ฐจ ๊ตญ๋ฌธ์ดˆ๋ก โ… . ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ œ๊ธฐ 1 โ…ก. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 7 1. ์œ ์•„์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘ 7 2. ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘ 9 1) ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ 9 2) ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 12 3. ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘ 13 1) ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ 13 2) ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 16 4. ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 18 โ…ข. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐ ์šฉ์–ด์˜ ์ •์˜ 22 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ 22 2. ์šฉ์–ด์˜ ์ •์˜ 24 1) ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘ 24 2) ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 24 3) ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ 25 4) ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 25 โ…ฃ. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ์ ˆ์ฐจ 26 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ 26 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋„๊ตฌ 28 1) ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘ ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ 28 2) ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ 29 3) ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ 32 4) ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ 33 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ ˆ์ฐจ 34 1) ์˜ˆ๋น„์กฐ์‚ฌ 34 2) ๋ณธ์กฐ์‚ฌ 35 4. ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 36 โ…ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ 37 1. ์œ ์•„์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘, ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด 37 1) ์œ ์•„์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘ 37 2) ์œ ์•„์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 38 3) ์œ ์•„์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ 39 4) ์œ ์•„์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 40 2. ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ 41 1) ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 41 2) ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 43 3) ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 43 4) ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 44 5) ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 45 3. ์œ ์•„์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 48 4. ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ49 5. ์œ ์•„์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น, ์‹คํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๋˜๋ž˜๋†€์ด์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ์–ธ์–ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์ ์‘์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 52 โ…ฅ. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 54 1. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ๋…ผ์˜ 54 2. ์˜์˜ ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 59 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 62 ๋ถ€๋ก 75 ABSTRACT 88Maste

    The Needs and Proposal for Research Ethics Consultation Service

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ž„์ƒ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๊ด€๋ จ ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž IRB ์œ„์›(๊ณผํ•™๊ณ„, ๋น„๊ณผํ•™๊ณ„), IRB ํ–‰์ •๊ฐ„์‚ฌ, IRB์— ํ™œ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž, ์ž„์ƒ์‹œํ—˜์ฝ”๋””๋„ค์ดํ„ฐ, ์ƒ๋ช…์œค๋ฆฌ์ „๋ฌธํ•™์ž, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ž„์ƒ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ๊ณผ์ • ์‹œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์œค๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ด์Šˆ, ์ข…๋ฅ˜, ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋“ฑ์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž„์ƒ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค(Research Ethics Consultation Service, RECS)์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผํ˜• ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์šด์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฐ ์šด์˜์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ ํ–‰ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผํ˜• ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์šด์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ชจ๋ธ ์ด๋ก ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” 2020๋…„ 3์›” 24์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2020๋…„ 5์›” 23์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์„ค๋ฌธ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ๋˜๋Š” SMS๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋กœ ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ฌธ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ „์ฒด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ 63.3%๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜ํ–‰, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ฌ์˜, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋“ฑ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ 1๋…„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ์ ์–ด๋„ 1๋ฒˆ ์ด์ƒ ์œค๋ฆฌ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์œค๋ฆฌ์  ์ด์Šˆ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋กœ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๋™์˜ ๋ฐ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 53๋ช…(24.4%), ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž ๋ชจ์ง‘ 48๋ช…(24%), ๊ฐœ์ธ์ •๋ณด๋ณดํ˜ธ 37๋ช…(17.1%). ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ธ ๊ด€๋ จ 47๋ช…(21.7%), ์ค‘์žฌ ๊ด€๋ จ 19๋ช…(8.8%), ์ง„์‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ 9๋ช…(4.1%)์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ IRB์— ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. 89๋ช…(47.1%), ๋™๋ฃŒ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์™€ ์ƒ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. 42๋ช…(22.2%), ๊ทœ์ œ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. 34๋ช…(18.0%), ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค. 24๋ช…(12.7%) ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ค‘์ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์€ ๋ณธ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ 90๋ช…(70.3 %)์ด ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„์ž…์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค./ ๋งค์šฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. 90.6%๊ฐ€ ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž„์ƒ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ 2000๋…„ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋„์ž…๋˜์–ด NIH clinical center๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์˜๊ณผํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์šด์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ •์˜, ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ์šด์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ, ์šด์˜์š”์†Œ์™€ ์ƒ๋‹ด๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ž์งˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผํ˜• ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์šด์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œค๋ฆฌ์  ์ด์Šˆ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ๋Œ€๋น„ ๋ฐ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ๋‹ด ์ •๋ณด ๊ธฐ๋ก์˜ ์ถ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐํ™” ๋ฐ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์ •๋ฆฝ, ๋™์˜์„œ ๋ฐ ์œ„ํ—˜๊ณผ ์ด์ต ๊ด€๋ จ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ IRB ์ž๋ฌธ์š”์ฒญ ๋“ฑ IRB๋ฅผ ๋„์™€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์œค๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ด์Šˆ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ ๋ฏผ๊ณผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ, ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œค๋ฆฌ์  ์ด์Šˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์™€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์™€ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ† ๋ก  ๋ฐ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์†Œํ†ต๊ณผ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทœ์ œ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ตํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๋ฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. The purpose of this study was to review previous literatures for the status of the Research Ethics Consultation Services(RECS) in USA clinical institutional since the early 2000s and was to conduct the survey activity for expertises, IRB members (scientific and non-scientific), IRB administrators, researchers who are not active in IRB, clinical trial coordinators, bio ethicists, and other related expertises in clinical research fields in South Korea for Identifying the current status of ethical conflict issues, types, and solutions, and confirming their needs for RECS, and finding out what elements are necessary for operating Korean RECS. In addition, based on this, this study was proposed a model of the direction for undertaking South Korean RECS. For the survey, data collection was conducted from March 24th, 2020 to May 23rd, 2020 by randomly sending emails or SMS with the link of Google online survey from the above mentioned the related groups. As a result, 63.3% among all research participants answered that they had experienced ethical problems at least once within one year in research performances. For the types of ethical issues, 24.4% of the type of issues of consent and decision making ability, 24% of recruiting of research participants, 17.1% of protecting personal information, 21.7% of research participants` representative, and 8.8% of issues of research mediation were taken. For the solution against ethical issues, 47.1% of consulting with IRB, 35% of consulting with fellow researchers, 22.2% of consulting with the regulator and 12.7% of finding references were responded. For the question of the awareness of RECS, 70.3% were responded that they did not know about this service. Regarding the needs of this service, 90.6% were answered it is really necessary for preventing and solving the ethical issues in clinical research areas. Therefore, It presented what the functions, characteristics, and the operating elements of RECS and who consultants are satisfied. Furthermore, it proposed the model of direction for operating RECS.open์„

    Evaluation of the Automated Immunohematology Analyzer ORTHO VISION for ABO Antibody Titration

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    Background: ABO antibody titration is important in cases such as ABO incompatible hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN), ABO incompatible bone marrow, or solid organ transplantation. This study was conducted in order to evaluate usability of ORTHO VISION (Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Raritan, USA) designed automated ABO antibody titration equipment. Methods: The isoagglutination titers were determined in 80 subjects (20 A, 20 B, 40 O (anti-A 20, anti-B 20)) using a conventional tube technique, including a 30 minute room temperature phase (CTT), Dithiothreitol treated manual column agglutination technique (MCAT), and automated column agglutination technique (ACAT) by ORTHO VISION. The concordance of titer was compared within one dilution step between the two methods. Results: The isoagglutinin titers measured by the ACAT with anti-human globulin poly cassette (ACAT_Poly) and anti-human globulin IgG cassette (ACAT_IgG) were the highest and the isoagglutinin titer measured by the MCAT was also higher than that by the CTT. The isoagglutinin titer measured by the ACAT with reverse diluents cassette (ACAT_Reverse) was similar to that measured by the CTT. The concordance of anti-A and anti-B titers between CTT and ACAT_Reverse was 83% and 68%. The concordance of anti-A and anti-B titers between MCAT and ACAT_Poly was 100% and 83%. The concordance of anti-A and anti-B titers between MCAT and ACAT_IgG was 98% and 88%. Conclusion: Automated isoagglutinin titration using ACAT_Poly or ACAT_IgG without DTT showed reliable concordance with DTT treated MCAT, and it appears to be a possible replacement for the conventional MCAT method.ope

    ์ผ๋ณธ ๋งค์Šค๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ํ˜(ๅซŒ)์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ

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