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    Optofluidic System for Microlens and Plasmonic Applications

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ μž¬λ£Œκ³΅ν•™λΆ€, 2019. 2. 윀재λ₯œ.κ΄‘μœ μ²΄μ—­ν•™μ€ κ΄‘ν•™κ³Ό λ―Έμ„Έμœ μ²΄μ—­ν•™μ„ 기반으둜 ν•œ ν•™λ¬ΈμœΌλ‘œμ¨ 각 λΆ„μ•Όμ˜ μž₯점 및 νŠΉμ§•μ„ 유기적으둜 ν™œμš©ν•΄ κ΄‘ν•™μš”μ†Œ 및 μœ μ²΄μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ 보닀 μœ μ—°ν•˜κ²Œ ꡬ성할 수 μžˆλŠ” μž₯점을 가지고 μžˆλ‹€. 즉, λ―Έμ„Έμœ μ²΄μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ΄μš©ν•΄ κ΄‘ν•™κΈ°λŠ₯을 ν•˜λŠ” μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό λ‹€μ–‘ν•˜κ²Œ κ΅¬ν˜„ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ κ΄‘ν•™μ‹œμŠ€ν…œκ³Ό κ²°ν•©λœ λ―Έμ„Έμœ μ²΄μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ λ‚΄μ—μ„œ κ·Ήμ†ŒλŸ‰μ˜ 유체 및 유체 기반 μƒ˜ν”Œμ„ μ‘°μž‘ν•˜κ³  μ²˜λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 것을 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ²Œ ν•œλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, λ³€ν˜•μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μœ μ²΄λŠ” 마이크둜 렌즈, λ„νŒŒκ΄€ λ“±κ³Ό 같은 κ΄‘ν•™ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ‰½κ²Œ μž¬κ΅¬μ„±ν•  수 있게 ν•˜λŠ” μž₯점을 가지고 μžˆλŠ”λ°, μ΄λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ„±μ§ˆμ„ 가진 유체 물질둜 λ³€κ²½ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ λ˜λŠ” 유체의 계면 λͺ¨μ–‘을 λ³€ν˜•μ‹œν‚΄μœΌλ‘œμ¨ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€. ν•œνŽΈ, κ΄‘ν•™ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ— μ—°κ²°λœ λ―Έμ„Έμœ μ²΄ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ€ κ·Ήμ†ŒλŸ‰μ˜ μƒ˜ν”Œλ§Œμ„ μ΄μš©ν•΄ 효율적인 뢄석을 ν•  수 있게 ν•˜λŠ” νŽΈλ¦¬ν•œ κΈ°λ°˜μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•œλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ κ΄‘μœ μ²΄μ—­ν•™ ν™œμš©μ„ μœ„ν•œ 연ꡬ가 ν™œλ°œνžˆ μ§„ν–‰λ˜κ³  있고, 이 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ΄μš©ν•œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ κ΄‘ν•™ μš”μ†Œ ꡬ성, 생물학적 뢄석, μ—λ„ˆμ§€ ν•˜λ² μŠ€νŒ…, 화학적 μ„Όμ‹± λ“±μ˜ μ‘μš©λ“€μ΄ 많이 μ œμ•ˆλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. λ³Έ λ…Όλ¬Έμ˜ 2μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” 기체-앑체 κ³„λ©΄μ˜ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό 수λ ₯ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‘°μ ˆν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ κ΄‘μœ μ²΄μ—­ν•™ 기반 λ‹€μ΄ˆμ  마이크둜 렌즈λ₯Ό κ΅¬ν˜„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ 렌즈의 νŠΉμ„±μ„ κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” 기체-앑체 계면 ν˜•μ„±κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ 물리적 ν˜„μƒμ„ μˆ˜μΉ˜ν•΄μ„ 및 이둠적 뢄석을 톡해 μ‘°μ‚¬ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ•ˆμ •λœ 닀상 계면을 ν˜•μ„±μ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ κ΄€λ ¨ 이둠을 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ œμ•ˆν•˜λŠ” 마이크둜 렌즈 ꡬ좕에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•œ μš”μ†Œμ˜€λ‹€. 결둠적으둜 기체-앑체 κ³„λ©΄μ—μ„œμ˜ λΉ„μ„ ν˜•μ  ν‘œλ©΄μž₯λ ₯νš¨κ³Όκ°€ 렌즈 λͺ¨μ–‘에 λ§Žμ€ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , 이 ν‘œλ©΄μž₯λ ₯ νš¨κ³ΌλŠ” 렌즈λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•œ 유체의 μ„±μ§ˆμ— μ˜ν•΄ κ²°μ •λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ œμ•ˆλœ 마이크둜 λ Œμ¦ˆλŠ” 기체와 앑체 계면에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ, 이 두 유체의 큰 ꡴절λ₯  차이λ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•΄ 앑체-앑체 기반 마이크둜 λ Œμ¦ˆμ™€ λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ—¬ μƒλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ 짧은 초점 거리λ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μž₯점을 μ§€λ‹ˆκ³  μžˆλ‹€. 이와 같이 짧은 초점 거리λ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 마이크둜 λ Œμ¦ˆλŠ” μ•žμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜μ•„κ°€ λ”μš± μ†Œν˜•ν™”λœ κ΄‘μœ μ²΄μ—­ν•™ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ κ΅¬ν˜„ν•˜λŠ”λ° μžˆμ–΄ κΈ°μ—¬λ₯Ό ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ κΈ°λŒ€λœλ‹€. 3μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” κΈˆμ†-μœ μ „λ¬Όμ§ˆλ‘œ 이루어진 ν•˜μ΄λΈŒλ¦¬λ“œ ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ κΈ°νŒμ„ μ„€κ³„ν•˜κ³  μ œμž‘ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ ν–₯μƒλœ ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ μ§‘κ²Œλ₯Ό μ œμ•ˆν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹€ν—˜μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” ν΄λ¦¬μŠ€νƒ€μ΄λ Œ μž…μžμ™€ E.coli 세포λ₯Ό 작고 μ‘°μž‘ν•΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. 이 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ—μ„œ ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ μ§‘κ²Œμ˜ μ„±λŠ₯을 ν–₯μƒμ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ κ΅­μ†Œν‘œλ©΄ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¬κ³΅λͺ…ν˜„μƒ (LSPR)을 ν™œμš©ν•˜μ˜€λŠ”λ°, μ΄λŠ” κ΅­μ†Œ ν‘œλ©΄μ˜ κ·Όμ ‘μž₯의 μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ¦ν­μ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ„κ΅¬λ‘œμ„œ λ§Žμ€ 관심을 λ°›κ³  μžˆλŠ” 광학적 ν˜„μƒμ΄λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” 이 LSPRν˜„μƒμ— μ˜ν•΄ μœ λ„λœ μ—΄λ°œμƒ 효과λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ 효율적으둜 μž…μž 및 세포λ₯Ό μž‘λŠ” λ―Έμ„Έ κ΄‘μœ μ²΄ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ κ΅¬ν˜„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ ꢁ극적으둜 이 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ νš¨μœ¨μ„ 높인 ν•˜μ΄λΈŒλ¦¬λ“œ ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ ꡬ쑰체의 μ‹œλ„ˆμ§€ 효과λ₯Ό 뢄석 및 μž…μ¦ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μˆ˜μΉ˜ν•΄μ„ 및 μ‹€ν—˜μ  뢄석을 μ§„ν–‰ν–ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ΄λΈŒλ¦¬λ“œ ꡬ쑰체 λ„μž…μ€ κΈˆλ‚˜λ…Έ μž…μžμ˜ LSPR ν˜„μƒμ„ 더 κ°•ν™”μ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆκ³ , λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ μ•„μ—° μ‚°ν™”λ¬Ό λ‚˜λ…Έλ§‰λŒ€κΈ°μ™€ κ²°ν•©λœ κΈˆλ‚˜λ…Έ μž…μž ꡬ쑰체λ₯Ό μ œμž‘ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ ν–₯μƒλœ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 얻을 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 결둠적으둜, μ•„μ—°μ‚°ν™”λ¬Ό λ‚˜λ…Έλ§‰λŒ€κΈ°κ°€ μž…μ‚¬λœ 빛보닀 더 증폭된 빛을 ν‘œλ©΄μ— λΆ€μ°©λœ 금 λ‚˜λ…Έμž…μžμ— μ „λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ” 역할을 ν•˜μ˜€κ³  κ·Έ 결과둜 ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ μ§‘κ²Œμ˜ μ„±λŠ₯을 μ›”λ“±νžˆ μ¦κ°€μ‹œμΌœμ£Όμ—ˆλ‹€. 이와 같이 ν–₯μƒλœ ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ 기판 μ œμ•ˆκ³Ό κ·Έ 배경에 λŒ€ν•œ 심도 κΉŠμ€ 뢄석은 μ•žμœΌλ‘œ κ΄‘μœ μ²΄ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ— κΈ°λ°˜ν•œ 효율적인 생화학적 뢄석 ν”Œλž«νΌμ„ κ΅¬μΆ•ν•˜λŠ”λ° μžˆμ–΄μ„œ λ§Žμ€ 도움을 쀄 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ˜ˆμƒλœλ‹€. 4μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ ν˜„μƒμ— μ˜ν•΄ ν–₯μƒλœ λΉ› μ—λ„ˆμ§€ ν•˜λ² μŠ€νŒ… μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ κ΅¬ν˜„ν•˜μ˜€λŠ”λ°, 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ ν•˜μ΄λΈŒλ¦¬λ“œ ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ 광전극을 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ κ΅¬ν˜„ν•œ λ°”μ΄μ˜€ 기반 광전지 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ 음극으둜 ν™œμš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν•΄λ‹Ή μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ—μ„œ νƒœμ–‘ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ „ν™˜μ€ Synechocystis sp. μ„Έν¬μ˜ κ΄‘ν•©μ„± ν˜„μƒκ³Ό ν•˜μ΄λΈŒλ¦¬λ“œ ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ 음극 (ZnONRs/AuNPs) ꡬ쑰체의 κ΄‘μ—¬κΈ°, κ΄‘μ‚°λž€ 그리고 ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ ν˜„μƒμ— κΈ°μ΄ˆν•œλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ λ³Έ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ€ μ „κΈ° 생산을 μœ„ν•΄ 맀우 μ†ŒλŸ‰μ˜ 세포 μš©μ•‘ (수마이크둜 리터)을 ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•œλ‹€. 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ‚¬μš©λœ ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ μŒκ·Ήμ€ κ΄‘μ›μ˜ 넓은 μŠ€νŽ™νŠΈλŸΌ μ˜μ—­μ—μ„œ λΉ› μ—λ„ˆμ§€ ν•˜λ² μŠ€νŒ…μ„ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ”λ°, μ΄λŠ” ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ ꡬ쑰체가 LSPR에 μ˜ν•΄ μœ λ„λœ ν˜„μƒμœΌλ‘œ 인해 자체적으둜 μ „μžλ₯Ό 생성할 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ„Έν¬μ˜ κ΄‘ν•©μ„± ν™œλ™μ„ 훨씬 더 ν–₯μƒμ‹œμΌœμ£ΌλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° κΈ°μ—¬λœλ‹€. 결과적으둜 ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ ν˜„μƒμ— μ˜ν•΄ ν–₯μƒλœ λ°”μ΄μ˜€ 기반 광전지 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ΄μš©ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ 획기적인 νŒŒμ›Œ ν–₯상을 얻을 수 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©°, 음극으둜 λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ ITO glassλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œκ³Ό λΉ„κ΅ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ μ•½ 17.3 배에 ν•΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” νŒŒμ›Œλ₯Ό μ–»μ—ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ œμ•ˆλœ ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλͺ¨λ‹‰ 음극 ν”Œλž«νΌμ€ μ•žμœΌλ‘œ κ΄‘μœ μ²΄ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ— κΈ°λ°˜ν•œ 효율적인 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ ν•˜λ² μŠ€νŒ… μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ κ΅¬ν˜„ν•˜λŠ”λ° μžˆμ–΄ κΈ°μ—¬ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ κΈ°λŒ€λœλ‹€.Optofluidics is an interdisciplinary research of optics and microfluidics, which enables flexible optical functions by using microfluidic system or enables manipulation of small amounts of fluids (or sample solution) by using optics. Therefore, on the one hand, deformable fluids make it possible to easily reconfigure the optical system such as microlens, waveguides, etc. by simply replacing the liquid material or deforming the fluid interface. On the other hand, the microfluidic system coupled to optical components can provide beneficial platform for handling and analyzing only small amounts of interesting fluid samples at microscale. In this regard, optofluidics is being rapidly developed in various applications such as optical component construction, biological analysis, energy harvesting, chemical sensing, etc. In Chapter 2, a tunable optofluidic microlens is demostrated by using a hydrodynamically controllable gas-liquid interface. The relevant physics governing the interface formation are exploited through numerical and theoretical analyses as well. Understanding the physics is important to fabricate the stable multiphasic interface which determines the performance of the lens. We show that non-linear surface tension effect at the gas- liquid interface significantly affects the lens shape and is dependent on the values of fluid parameters. Since our in-plane microlens is based on the gas-liuquid multiphase, a relatively short focal lenth can be obtained due to the intrinsically large distinction of the refractive indices across the gas-liquid interface. This short focal length would then contribute to realization of more miniatureized optofluidic system for a lab on a chip application. In chapter 3, an enhanced plasmonic tweezer is suggested by designing and fabricating the metal-dielectric hybrid plasmonic substrate for trapping polystyrene particles or E.coli cells. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is an emerging optical phenomenon as a promising tool for near-field energy enhancement. Therefore we utilize the LSPR-induced heating effect for fabricating an efficient microscale trapping system. The synergistic effects of the hybrid plasmonic structure are explored through numerical and experimental analyses. In order to more intensify the LSPR-induced plasmonic effects, we simply introduce the hybrid structure which consists of zinc oxide nanorods (ZnONRs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). We show that ZnONRs transfer the amplified light energy to AuNPs at the interfaces between the ZnONRs and the AuNPs via leaky wave guide modes. Thus, the ZnONRs enhance the LSPR of the AuNPs as well as the trapping performance outstandingly. Our hybrid plasmonic substrate and in-depth analyses would contribute to the construction of an effective optofluidic biological analysis platform through the efficient trapping/manipulation of the fluid-based sample. In chapter 4, a plasmon-enhanced light harvesting system is developed by introducing a hybrid plasmonic photoelectrode as a photoanode of our bio-photovoltaic system. The solar energy conversion is based on the photosynthesis of cells (Synechocystis sp.) and the photoexcitation, scattering and plasmonic effects of the hybrid plasmonic photoanode (ZnONRs/AuNPs) under the irradiation. The system contains only small amount of cell solution for the current production. Moreover, the plasmonic photoanode enables the efficient light harvesting in broadband of the light source by not only generating electrons itself but also stimulating the photosynthetic activity of the cells through the LSPR-induced effects. An anomalous power improvement about 17.3-fold can be obtained from the plasmon-enhanced bio-photovoltaic system, compared to the control system of which photoanode is the bare ITO glass. In this respect, our plasmonic photoanode platform would give an inspiration for fabricating an efficient energy harvesting system based on the optofluidic device.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Optofluidics . 1 1.2. Research background . 3 1.2.1. Microfluidics 3 1.2.2. Plasmonics 5 1.2.3. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 7 1.3. Objectives of present work. 11 1.4. References . 12 Chapter 2. Tunable Multiphase Microlens. 14 2.1. Introduction . 14 2.2. Experimental section 19 2.2.1. Design and fabrication of the optofluidic chip. 19 2.2.2. Materials 19 2.2.3. Experimental set-up . 21 2.3. Numerical analysis. 22 2.4. Theoretical analysis 23 2.5. Results and discussion 25 2.5.1. Lens shape 25 2.5.2. Non-linear surface tension effect on the lens shape. 25 2.5.3. Characteristics of the tunable microlens 30 2.6. Summary 38 2.7. References . 39 Chapter 3. Enhanced Plasmonic Tweezer 41 3.1. Introduction . 41 3.2. Experimental section 44 3.2.1. Preparation of plasmonic substrate 44 3.2.2. Experimental set-up . 45 3.2.3. Temperature measurement . 45 3.2.4. Particle trapping experiment 46 3.3. Numerical analysis. 50 3.4. Results and discussion 53 3.4.1. Prediction and analysis of synergistic effects 53 3.4.2. Characterization of plasmonic substrate 58 3.4.3. Plasmonic heating 58 3.4.4. Enhanced particle trapping performance . 64 3.4.5. Verification of synergistic effects. 65 3.4.6. Analysis of trapping forces 70 3.5. Summary 75 3.6. References . 76 Chapter 4. Plasmon-enhanced Light Harvesting System 79 4.1. Introduction . 79 4.2. Experimental Section . 84 4.2.1. Preparation of plasmonic anodes . 84 4.2.2. Preparation of cell solution and MEA 84 4.2.3. Device assembly 85 4.2.4. Electrochemical characterization . 85 4.2.5. Angle-dependent light scattering measurement . 86 4.3. Numerical analysis. 91 4.4. Results and discussion 93 4.4.1. Characterization of plasmonic anodes 93 4.4.2. Living solar cell performance 98 4.4.3. Working mechanism of plasmon-enhanced living solar cell 101 4.4.4. Broadband multiplex living solar cell 103 4.4.5. Far-field scattering effect . 105 4.4.5.1. Structural effect . 105 4.4.5.2. Size effect of AuNPs . 111 4.5. Summary 114 4.6. References . 115 Korean Abstract 118Docto

    Wynter, Fanon, and Liminal Bodies

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅λŒ€ν•™μ› : μΈλ¬ΈλŒ€ν•™ λ―Έν•™κ³Ό, 2023. 8. Peter W. Milne.In this thesis, I investigate the nature of embodied affect and suggest the vicarious experience of liminal bodies as holding the potential for overcoming neocolonialism. By naming the current global situation as neocolonial, I intend to deal with colonialism not simply as a historico-political concept, but as being fundamentally linked to the now globally hegemonic Western structure of thought. This thesis assumes that at the core of the Western episteme are two main divisions in the understanding of human nature: a division between mind and body, and another division between reason and sense. I attempt to suture these divisions by analyzing the racialized bodies and their lived experiences. I refer to the racialized bodies of colonial and neocolonial times as liminal bodies in order to highlight the contradictory sensations that are experienced by racialized, colonized beings toward their own bodies. Through reading of Sylvia Wynter and Frantz Fanon, I demonstrate that liminal bodies lived experience becomes an essential proof that normative affects are discursively conditioned and serve a core function in the perpetuation of neocolonialism. I present Maturanas concept of autopoiesis to demonstrate the reciprocal relationship between society and human consciousness. Based on the newly found understanding that sensuous cognitions are fundamental to human consciousness and overall cognitive activities, I propose that in the lived experiences of liminal bodies exist certain instances of sensuous and affective perception which allow them to perceive the boundary of the hegemonic colonial discourse. In this regard, I invest in the affective experience of liminal bodies as holding the potential for the overturning of neocolonialism and the building of an alternative collective consciousness. Therefore, I analyze a few cultural productions as examples which afford the audience to situate themselves in the liminal bodies. Ultimately, I suggest that the subversion of neocolonialism will lead to the very transformation of bodies as well as in their lived experience. Emphasizing both the sensuous cognition and the experience of cultural productions in countering the influence of neocolonialism, I present my thesis as an attempt at a preliminary outlining of a countercolonial aesthetics.λ³Έκ³ λŠ” μ‹€λΉ„μ•„ μœˆν„°μ™€ ν”„λž€μΈ  νŒŒλ†μ˜ 이둠에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•˜μ—¬ 경계적 λͺΈλ“€(liminal bodies)의 μ²΄ν—˜λœ κ²½ν—˜λ“€(lived experience)의 전볡적 κ°€λŠ₯성을 νƒκ΅¬ν•œλ‹€. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μš°μ„  λ³Έκ³ λŠ” μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ μ „ 지ꡬ적인 μœ„κΈ° 상황을 μ‹ μ‹λ―Όμ£Όμ˜(neocoloniality)의 μƒνƒœλ‘œ μ§„λ‹¨ν•œλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 인식은 μ‹λ―Όμ£Όμ˜λ₯Ό ν—€κ²Œλͺ¨λ‹ˆν™”λœ μ„œκ΅¬μ˜ μ‚¬μœ  ꡬ쑰와 근본적으둜 μ—°κ²°λœ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•΄μ„ν•˜λŠ” νƒˆμ‹λ―Όμ (decolonial)인 접근법에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•œλ‹€. λ³Έκ³ λŠ” μ„œκ΅¬μ˜ μΈμ‹μ²΄κ³„μ˜ ν•΅μ‹¬μ—λŠ” 인간 본성에 λŒ€ν•œ 두 κ°€μ§€μ˜ 이뢄법적인 이해가 μžˆλ‹€κ³  νŒŒμ•…ν•œλ‹€. μš°μ„  μΈκ°„μ˜ λ³Έμ§ˆμ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ •μ‹ κ³Ό μ‹ μ²΄λ‘œ λ‚˜λ‰œ μž¬ν˜„κ³Ό 접근이 이루어져 μ™”μœΌλ©°, λ˜ν•œ μΈκ°„μ˜ μ˜μ‹μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 이성과 κ°κ°μ΄λΌλŠ” 이뢄법적이고 μœ„κ³„ν™”λœ 인지가 μƒμ •λ˜μ–΄ 온 것이닀. λ³Έκ³ λŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ„œκ΅¬μ˜ 인식 체계 μ†μ—μ„œ μΈμ’…μ΄λΌλŠ” ν—ˆκ΅¬μ  κ°œλ…μ΄ μΈκ°„μ˜ λͺΈμ— λ§μ”Œμ›Œμ‘Œκ³ , 이λ₯Ό 톡해 μΈκ°„μ˜ λͺΈμ΄ μƒν˜Έκ΅ν™˜ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ(fungible) μž¬ν™”λ‘œμ¨ μ‹λ―Όμ£Όμ˜μ™€ μ‹ μ‹λ―Όμ£Όμ˜ μ‚¬νšŒ μ†μ—μ„œ μ°©μ·¨λ˜μ–΄ μ™”λ‹€κ³  λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€. λ³Έκ³ λŠ” μΈμ’…ν™”λœ λͺΈλ“€κ³Ό κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ²΄ν—˜λœ κ²½ν—˜μ„ μ‹€μ²œμ μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„μ„ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 이뢄법듀을 λ΄‰ν•©ν•˜κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€. λ³Έκ³ λŠ” 식민지 μ‹œλŒ€μ™€ μ‹ μ‹λ―Όμ£Όμ˜ μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ μΈμ’…ν™”λœ λͺΈλ“€μ„ 경계적 λͺΈμ΄λΌκ³  μ§€μΉ­ν•œλ‹€. 경계적 λͺΈμ€ μΈμ’…ν™”λœ 피식민 주체듀이 슀슀둜의 신체에 λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ κ²½ν—˜ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨μˆœλœ 감각듀을 λΆ€κ°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ κ³ μ•ˆλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. λ³Έκ³ λŠ” λ§ˆμΆ”λΌλ‚˜μ˜ μžκΈ°μƒμ‚°μ²΄κ³„ κ°œλ…μ— κΈ°λ°˜ν•˜μ—¬, ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ™€ 개인 μ‚¬μ΄μ—λŠ” κ·œλ²”μ μΈ μ˜μ‹μ˜ ꡬ성을 ν†΅ν•œ μƒν˜Έμ  관계가 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λ©°, μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ·œλ²”μ  μ˜μ‹μ˜ κ΅¬μ„±μ—λŠ” μ •λ™μ˜ 쑰건화가 핡심적인 역할을 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ œμ•ˆν•œλ‹€. 이 κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λ³Έκ³ λŠ” μΈκ°„μ˜ μ˜μ‹κ³Ό 정동(affect) μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 관계λ₯Ό μ²΄ν™”λœ 인지(embodied cognition)의 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μž¬μ •μ˜ν•œλ‹€. μ²΄ν™”λœ 정동과 감각적 인식이 μΈκ°„μ˜ μ˜μ‹κ³Ό μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ ꡬ성에 ν•΅μ‹¬μ μ΄λΌλŠ” 이해λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ, λ³Έκ³ λŠ” 경계적 λͺΈλ“€μ˜ μ²΄ν—˜λœ κ²½ν—˜ μ†μ—λŠ” ν—€κ²Œλͺ¨λ‹ˆν™”λœ μ‹ μ‹λ―Όμ£Όμ˜μ˜ 담둠적 ν•œκ³„μ— λŒ€ν•œ 인지λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” νŠΉμˆ˜ν•œ 감각적 μ§€κ°μ˜ μˆœκ°„λ“€μ΄ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€κ³  μ œμ•ˆν•œλ‹€. λ‚˜μ•„κ°€, λ³Έκ³ λŠ” 경계적 λͺΈμ˜ 감각적 지각을 κ°„μ ‘μ μœΌλ‘œ κ²½ν—˜ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ‹ μ‹λ―Όμ£Όμ˜μ˜ 전볡을 μœ„ν•΄ κΈ°λŠ₯ν•  수 μžˆμŒμ„ μ œμ•ˆν•œλ‹€. 이에 λŒ€ν•œ μ˜ˆμ‹œλ‘œ, λ³Έκ³ λŠ” 경계적 λͺΈμ˜ μ²΄ν—˜λœ κ²½ν—˜μ„ κ΄€κ°μ—κ²Œ μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” λͺ‡λͺ‡ 문화적 생산물듀을 λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€. ꢁ극적으둜, λ³Έκ³ λŠ” μ‹ μ‹λ―Όμ£Όμ˜μ˜ 전볡이 λͺΈμ˜ μ²΄ν—˜λœ κ²½ν—˜λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λͺΈ 자체의 λ³€ν™”λ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§ˆ 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ œμ•ˆν•œλ‹€. μ²΄ν™”λœ 정동과 감각적 κ²½ν—˜μ˜ 전볡성에 λŒ€ν•œ 탐ꡬλ₯Ό 기반으둜 μ‹ μ‹λ―Όμ£Όμ˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ„˜μ–΄μ„œκΈ°λ₯Ό μƒμƒν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ, λ³Έκ³ λŠ” μΉ΄μš΄ν„°μ½œλ‘œλ‹ˆμ–Ό 미학에 λŒ€ν•œ κ°œκ΄„μ—μ˜ 기초적인 μ‹œλ„λΌκ³  ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€.Abstract ii Introduction 1 Chapter 1. Sociogeny and The Sociogenetic Principle 16 1.1. On the Nature of Human Consciousness 16 1.2. Language and Culture 20 1.3. The Lived Experience of the Black Man 25 1.4. Sociogeny and The Sociogenetic Principle 31 Chapter 2. Against the Grain : Countering the Neocolonial Discourse 38 2.1. Aesthetics and Autopoesis 38 2.2. Aesthetics 2 and the Neocolonial Discourse 43 2.3. Deciphering Practice 48 2.4. Liminal Figures 52 Chapter 3. Towards a Countercolonial Aesthetics 59 3.1. Autopoetic Turn/Overturn and Liminal Bodies 59 3.2. Counter-Productions as Sites of Becoming Liminal Bodies 64 3.3. Transformation in Bodies 77 Conclusion 81 Bibliography 87 κ΅­λ¬Έ 초둝 92석

    The Effect of Androsterone as the Metabolite of Testosterone to Seizure Suppression

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    Background: Androsterone is one of the major metabolites from testosterone whose clinical importance remains unclear. This study evaluated the effects of androsterone on seizure susceptibility in mouse models of epilepsy. Methods: The efficacy of androsterone (10~200 mg/kg, i.p.) against seizures induced by various GABA receptor antagonists and glutamate receptor agonists was evaluated. Results: Androsterone protected mice against seizures induced by PTZ (pentylenetetrazol), PCX (picrotoxin), and DMCM (methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-Ξ²-carboline-3-carboxylate) in a dose-dependent manner. Androsterone did not protect against seizures induced by kainic acid, NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartic acid), or 4-AP (4-aminopyridine) in mice. Conclusions: These results suggest that androsterone exhibits anticonvulsant activity that occurs largely via nongenomic mechanisms. Testosterone-derived androsterone might be an endogenous protective neuroactive steroid in the brain. Key Words: Androsterone, GABA, Seizure, Neuroactive steroidope

    A Study on the Formation Principles of Memory Narratives as Illustrated in the Historical Legends and Bonpuri of Jeju Island

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(박사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅λŒ€ν•™μ› : μΈλ¬ΈλŒ€ν•™ κ΅­μ–΄κ΅­λ¬Έν•™κ³Ό, 2021.8. μ‘°ν˜„μ„€.From Dangshin Bonpuri and the legends of Jeju Island are found many versions of episodes that are based on historic events, such as the entrance of Sambyeolcho into Jeju Island in the Goryeo Dynasty in 1271 (the 12th year of the reign of King Wonjong); Japanese invasions, as represented by the Cheonmipo Japanese Invasion in 1552 of the Choson Dynasty (the 7th year of the reign of King Myungjong); Lee Hyung-sang’s removal of Shindangs (shrines) in 1702 (the 28th year of the reign of King Sookjong); and the Disturbances of the Year of White Ox (Shinchuk) in 1901 (the 5th year of Kwangmu). This indicates that Dangshin Bonpuri and the legends of Jeju Island took a role of evidencing, and reflecting on, the memories of the community while in the absence of official historical records. This paper conceptualizes the term β€œmemory narratives” as narrativized memories that are verbally transmitted for a long transition period and condensed into a single, specific form of a story. Here this paper attempts to assess aspects of β€œmemory narratives” and derive the formation principles that enabled the embodiment of the historic events, particularly with an aim to further revamp the existing study of tale branches through analysis of differences between myths and legends. In Chapter 2, this paper offers a chronological evaluation of the materials related to the four historic events that are to be discussed hereafter, categorizing them into legends and Bonpuri. In Chapter 3, this paper evaluates the four aspects of memory narratives. First, in the legend of Sambyeolcho in the Goryeo Dynasty is illustrated a map of a village as a military base around the villages near the Hangpaduri Fortress. The presence of Agi Upge (a girl baby-watcher) who reveals to the Yeomong Allied Forces how to enter the fortress indicates that she had but to leave the fortress for survival. In Dangshin Bonpuri related to Sambyeolcho in the Goryeo Dynasty, there are versions of episodes that intentionally ignore the anti-Mongolian aspects of the historic events. The episodes intentionally neglects the anti-Mongolian context in order to portray Kim Tong-jung as a good person at a time, and as a villain at another occasion. Second, regarding the Japanese invasion of Jeju Island, the legend of Tosandang reveals strong disgust held by the outsiders from the Tosan-ri village towards the snake faith of Tosandang. As a result, the existence of the Tosandang goddess is denied even by parts of episodes collected in Tosan-ri. Nevertheless, in the episodes, the existence of the Japanese invaders is specifically mentioned in relation to the snake faith of Tosandang. With this in consideration, the existence of β€œJaundang Bonpuri” is significant, as the goddess of Tosandang is said to have settled down in Jaundang while on her way to get married as a concubine to the god of Shinpung-ri Bonhyangdang in exchange for the god’s thwarting of the Japanese invasion. In comparison, β€œTosanaldang Bonpuri” explains the Japanese invasion as a punishment from the goddess to the village, disregarding the goddess’ marriage with the god as irrelevant to the Japanese invasion. In the legend related to Lee Hyung-sang’s removal of Shindangs, there is a version of an episode that talks of Lee Hyung-sang’s defeat against Jeju Shindangs, while another version mentions Lee Hyung-sang’s victory. This paper has noted that, in the case of the latter version, the legends of other historical figures that previously existed under the name of civilization missions are combined into Lee Hyung-sang. In Bonpuri related to Lee Hyung-sang’s removal of Shindangs, his removal is acknowledged and then followed by Bonpuris that discuss the reconstruction of Shindangs, while there are another version of Bonpuri that denies his removal and claims persisting existence of Shindangs. That is, Lee Hyung-sang’s removal of Shindangs is occasionally neglected depending on the purpose of a village’s Shindang. The legend regarding the Disturbances of the Year of White Ox (Shinchuk) points to extraterritorial rights granted to French priests that triggered the rebellion and lawless disorder. In the absence of the existing order in Jeju Island, Lee Jae-soo is remembered as a hero who attempted to address the situation with the laws. In light of this, however, he is relatively little mentioned in Bonpuri. This is because in β€œGodochaebi Bonpuri,” the episodes considers Godochaebi, not Lee Jae-soo, to be a hero during the Disturbances of the Year of White Ox (Shinchuk) and therefore to be the ancestral god. This suggests that Bonpuri plays down and conceals Lee Jae-soo, who was executed as a traitor, and instead presents Godochaebi as the warlord ancestral god (Gunwoong ancestral god). In this context, Godochaebi is a shadow hero. In Chapter 4, this paper combined the considerations discussed above to determine the formation principles of memory narratives by branch. First, the formation principles of memory narratives in legends is β€œfalse memory.” False memory is deeply related to the nature of the place of storytelling which immediately allows inquisitors and audience to argue about an informant’s oral performance. Considering the hierarchy of Jeju Island residents’ collective memories in particular, it can be derived that false memory as revealed in the legends displays certain regularities that are centered on the β€œinternal” and the β€œexternal” of Jeju Island. In the case of the removal of Shindangs, Lee Hyung-sang is often confused to be Judge Seo-ryeon and Moksa Ki-gun, and this is noted as false memory despite the presence of obvious evidence such as the monuments of Judge Seo-ryeon or documents of Moksa Ki-gun. Furthermore, the powerful β€œexternal” figure of Jeju Island, Lee Hyung-sang, overwhelms other β€œexternal” figures such as Judge Seo-ryeon and Moksa Ki-gun, revealing indiscriminate perception on the β€œexternal.”In regards to Sambyeolcho, there are multiple external figures, resulting in differentiated perceptions on them. In the legends emphasizing homogeneity between the β€œexternal” that is Sambyeolcho and the β€œinternal” of Jeju Island, the target Kim Tong-jung attempts to fight is set as an enemy of unclear identity, and thus attempting to reorganize the homogenic external of Sambyeolcho and the internal of Jeju Island into one. In contrast, in the legend emphasizing homogeneity between the β€œexternal” that is Yeomong Allied Forces and the β€œinternal” of Jeju Island, Kim Tong-jung is defined as the heterogenous external, just like Qin Shi Huang of the Qin Dynasty, and thus reconstructing the relationship between the internal and the external of Jeju Island. It is to be noted that Lee Jae-soo was strictly the one that represented the β€œinternal” of Jeju Island with regards to the Disturbances of the Year of White Ox (Shinchuk). When the Catholic represented the heterogeneous external as the Western modern, the Hanyang regime was recognized as the homogeneous external in comparison. Nevertheless, the ultimate results in which Lee Jae-soo was deemed a traitor by the Hanyang regime and executed triggered the recognition that the Hanyang regime was the homogeneous external with a focus on the β€œexternal.” With regards to the Japanese invasions, the snake goddess of Naju is the β€œhomogeneous external” in that she represents a faith with controlling influence on Tosan-ri; and the Japanese forces the β€œheterogeneous external” in that they push away the homogeneous external. On another note, in contrast to the external legends evidencing influence of the snake faith of Tosandang, there is a legend in Tosan-ri that claims the snake faith of Tosandang did not exist from the beginning. The legend that states a virgin who turned into a snake forced out the Japanese forces, while denying the existence of the snake faith of Tosandang, suggests the presence of suppressed memory beyond false memory. Unlike the place of storytelling in which legends are orally performed, the place of a shamanic rite in which Bonpuri is orally performed does not allow immediate arguments when oral statements from a Simbang are different from the memories of inquisitors or audience. In reviewing the formation principles of memory narratives in Bonpuri, it should be considered that the place of a shamanic rite is a site of ceremony. The formation principles memory narratives in Bonpuri are the β€œforeclosure” and β€œtraces.” First, in a series of Bonpuris, the principle of β€œforeclosure” are in place in which certain historic events are perceived to have never occurred. In Bonpuri related to the removal of Shindangs, the context of the Shindang removal is foreclosed in β€œKimnyeongdang Bonpuri” and β€œDuribiletdang Bonpuri.” Particularly in β€œKimnyeongdang Bonpuri,” Gochong Chisan (maintenance of ancestral old tombs) is also foreclosed in addition to the Shindang removal, and this is Bonpuri’s strategy to prevent the connection among the β€œexternal.” In Bonpuri related to Sambyeolcho, there also exists Bonpuri that forgets the anti-Mongolian context while presenting Kim Tong-jung as a protagonist. Yusuam-ri, a town that was formed as a result of Kim Tong-jung’s entrance into Jeju Island, has a memory of the massacre by the Yeomong Allied Forces. Therefore β€œGeumdeok-ri-dang Bonpuri” erases the memory of the anti-Mongolian movement in order to pay homage to Kim Tong-jung. The fact that Sambyeolcho was deeply involved in the formation of Yusuam-ri suggests that Sambyeolcho of the Goryeo Dynasty, represented by Kim Tong-jung, might have positioned itself as the β€œcompositional external” of the village. In contrast, Gonae-ri, a village that took a role of defending against the Japanese forces from ancient times, is a village that’s closely related to the Yeomong Allifed Forces, and in β€œGonae Bonhyangdang Bonpuri”, the memory of the anti-Mongolian movement is removed in order to shape Kim Tong-jung as a villain. Conversely, in Gona-ri, it is possible to conjecture that the Yeomong Allifed Forces might have positioned itself at least as the β€œhomogeneous external,” if not the β€œcompositional external.” In relation to the Disturbances of the Year of White Ox (Shinchuk), there is Josangshin Bonpuri (Bonpuri to ancestral gods), that is, β€œGodochaebi Bonpuri.” Lee Jae-soo is a figure that represents the β€œinternal” of Jeju Island, and the fact that he is at the forefront of the history is a distinctive difference from other memory narratives. The problem is that such a figure representing the internal of Jeju Island is recorded as a β€œtraitor” in history. β€œGodochaebi Bonpuri” emphasizes that this Bonpuri fails to acknowledge the Disturbances of the Year of White Ox (Shinchuk) as a β€œsin” of the people. From this standpoint, Lee Jae-soo is bound to be foreclosed. What Bonpuri intends to remember is not a hero who was executed as a traitor but a hero who proudly returned home after being awarded the king’s rewards. Not every Bonpuri uses foreclosure as the formation principle. Certain series of Bonpuris retain historic events or historical figures in the form of β€œtraces.” At this time, the β€œtraces” mean being β€œremembered” to remain, while containing elements of β€œoblivion.” β€œOedo bonhyangdang Bonpuri” testified that, despite Lee Hyung-sang’s removal of Shindangs, the shrines survived to witness the April 3rd Uprising and Massacre in Jeju with villagers. Lee Hyung-sang’s arson is a β€œtrace” that indicates Shindangs’ persisting existence with the history of the village. It is to be noted that Shindang explains that the cause of Jeju residents’ suffering during the April 3rd Uprising and Massacre was but due to activities of the external of Jeju Island. As summarized above, this paper discusses the historical legends and Bonpuri of Jeju Island from various perspectives through the concept of memory narratives. While the memory theory has been used as a methodological approach in oral literature, the concept has been only partially discussed and there has rarely been a comprehensive discussion of the two branches of legends and myths. Given this, this paper would like to note its significance in that the memory narratives in oral literature are substantially discussed. The formation principles of memory narratives as suggested by this paper can be applied to analysis of other legends and myths. The focus of this paper is specifically limited to the topic of the historical legends and Bonpuri of Jeju Island, however, and expansion of discussions around the materials of memory narratives and further analysis are to be visited at a later time.μ œμ£Όλ„ μ „μ„€κ³Ό λ‹Ήμ‹ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ—λŠ” κ³ λ €μ‹œλŒ€ μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆμ˜ μž…λ„[1271λ…„(원쒅12)], μ‘°μ„ μ‹œλŒ€ 천미포 μ™œλž€[1552λ…„(λͺ…μ’…7)]으둜 λŒ€ν‘œλ˜λŠ” μ™œλž€, μ΄ν˜•μƒμ˜ μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐[1702λ…„(μˆ™μ’…28)], μ‹ μΆ•λ…„ λ‚œλ¦¬[1901λ…„(광무 5λ…„)]와 같이 역사적 사건을 μ†Œμž¬λ‘œ ν•œ κ°νŽΈλ“€μ΄ λ‹€μˆ˜ λ°œκ²¬λœλ‹€. μ΄λŠ” μ œμ£Όλ„μ—μ„œ μ „μ„€κ³Ό 당신본풀이가 곡식적인 역사 기둝이 λΆ€μž¬ν•œ κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ˜ 기얡을 μ¦μ–Έν•˜κ³  λ°˜μΆ”ν•˜λŠ” 역할을 ν–ˆμŒμ„ μ•”μ‹œν•œλ‹€. λ³Έκ³ μ—μ„œλŠ” 이렇듯 였랜 μ „μŠΉκΈ°κ°„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μž…μ—μ„œ μž…μœΌλ‘œ μ „ν•΄μ Έ λ‚΄λ €μ˜€λ©΄μ„œ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ νŠΉμ •ν•œ 이야기 ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μ§‘μ•½λœ 기얡을 β€˜κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬β€™λΌλŠ” μš©μ–΄λ‘œ κ°œλ…ν™”ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό 톡해 λ³Έκ³ λŠ” μ œμ£Όλ„ 역사 μ „μ„€κ³Ό 본풀이λ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ β€˜κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬β€™μ˜ 양상을 νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κ³  ν•΄λ‹Ή 역사적 μ‚¬κ±΄μ˜ ν˜•μƒν™”λ₯Ό κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ²Œ ν•œ β€˜κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬β€™μ˜ ν˜•μ„±μ›λ¦¬λ₯Ό λ„μΆœν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 특히 μ „μ„€κ³Ό μ‹ ν™”λΌλŠ” κ°ˆλž˜μ— λ”°λ₯Έ 차이λ₯Ό κ³ μ°°ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ κΈ°μ™•μ˜ μ„€ν™” 갈래 연ꡬλ₯Ό ν•œμΈ΅ μ‡„μ‹ ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 2μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” λ³Έκ³ μ—μ„œ λ‹€λ£¨κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” λ„€ 가지 역사적 사건과 κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ μžλ£Œλ“€μ„ μ „μ„€κ³Ό λ³Έν’€μ΄λ‘œ λ‚˜λˆ„μ–΄ μ‹œκ°„μˆœμœΌλ‘œ κ²€ν† ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 3μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬μ˜ λ„€ 가지 양상을 λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ¨Όμ € κ³ λ €μ‹œλŒ€ μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆμ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ μ „μ„€μ—μ„œλŠ” ν•­νŒŒλ‘λ¦¬ν† μ„± 인근 λ§ˆμ„λ“€μ„ μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ κ΅°μ‚¬κΈ°μ§€λ‘œμ„œμ˜ λ§ˆμ„ 지도가 그렀진닀. 특히 μ—¬λͺ½μ—°ν•©κ΅°μ—κ²Œ ν•­νŒŒλ‘λ¦¬ν† μ„±μœΌλ‘œ λ“€μ–΄κ°ˆ 방도λ₯Ό μ•Œλ €μ£ΌλŠ” μ•„κΈ°μ—…κ²ŒλŠ” κ·Έκ°€ 생쑴을 μœ„ν•΄ μ„± λ°–μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜μ„€ μˆ˜λ°–μ— μ—†μ—ˆμŒμ„ μ•”μ‹œν•œλ‹€. ν•œνŽΈ, κ³ λ €μ‹œλŒ€ μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆμ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ λ‹Ήμ‹ λ³Έν’€μ΄λ“€μ—μ„œλŠ” μ˜λ„μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•­λͺ½μ˜ λ§₯락을 λ§κ°ν•˜λŠ” κ°νŽΈλ“€μ΄ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€. λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” 김톡정을 μ„ μΈμœΌλ‘œ κ·Έλ €λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄, λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” 김톡정을 μ•…μΈμœΌλ‘œ κ·Έλ €λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•­λͺ½μ˜ λ§₯락을 μ§€μš°κ³  μžˆλŠ” 것이닀. λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ μ œμ£Όλ„μ—μ„œ λ²Œμ–΄μ§„ μ™œλž€κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬ ν† μ‚°λ‹Ή κ΄€λ ¨ μ „μ„€μ—μ„œλŠ” 토산리 λ§ˆμ„ μ™ΈλΆ€μΈλ“€μ˜ ν† μ‚°λ‹Ή 뱀신앙에 λŒ€ν•œ ν˜μ˜€κ°€ κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ λ“œλŸ¬λ‚œλ‹€. 이둜 인해 ν† μ‚°λ¦¬μ—μ„œ μ±„λ‘λœ 일뢀 κ°νŽΈμ—μ„œμ‘°μ°¨ ν† μ‚°λ‹Ή μ—¬μ‹ μ˜ μ‘΄μž¬λŠ” λΆ€μ •λœλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ 이듀 κ°νŽΈμ—μ„œλŠ” λ§ˆμ„ 여성을 κ²νƒˆν•˜λŠ” μ™œκ΅¬μ˜ μ‘΄μž¬κ°€ λͺ…μ‹œλ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€. μ—μ„œλŠ” ν† μ‚°λ‹Ή 여신이 μ™œλž€μ„ 막아쀀 λ³΄λ‹΅μœΌλ‘œ 신풍리 λ³Έν–₯λ‹Ήμ˜ λ‚¨μ‹ μ—κ²Œ 첩으둜 μ‹œμ§‘μ„ 였던 쀑 μžμš΄λ‹Ήμ— λˆŒλŸ¬μ•‰κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  κ΅¬μ†‘ν•œλ‹€. 이에 λ§žμ„œμ„œ μ—μ„œλŠ” μ™œκ΅¬μ˜ μΉ¨μž…μ„ 여신이 λ§ˆμ„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ£ΌλŠ” μ§•λ²Œλ‘œ, λ”°λΌμ„œ μ—¬μ‹ κ³Ό λ‚¨μ‹ μ˜ ν˜ΌμΈμ„ μ™œκ΅¬μ˜ μΉ¨μž…κ³ΌλŠ” λ¬΄κ΄€ν•œ 일둜 μ„€λͺ…ν•œλ‹€. μ΄ν˜•μƒμ˜ μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐와 κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ μ „μ„€μ—μ„œλŠ” 제주 신당에 λŒ€ν•œ μ΄ν˜•μƒμ˜ 패배λ₯Ό λ§ν•˜λŠ” 각편이 μžˆλŠ”κ°€ ν•˜λ©΄ μ΄ν˜•μƒμ˜ 승리λ₯Ό λ§ν•˜λŠ” 각편이 μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έκ³ μ—μ„œ μ£Όλͺ©ν•œ 것은 ν›„μžμ˜ κ²½μš°μ— λ¬Έλͺ…ν™” 사λͺ…λ“€μ΄λΌλŠ” 기치 μ•„λž˜ 이전에 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ 역사적 μΈλ¬Όλ“€μ˜ 전섀듀이 μ΄ν˜•μƒμœΌλ‘œ κ·œν•©λ˜λŠ” 양상을 λ³΄μΈλ‹€λŠ” 점이닀. μ΄ν˜•μƒμ˜ μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐와 κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ—μ„œλŠ” μ΄ν˜•μƒμ˜ μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐λ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ κ·Έ μ΄ν›„λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ‹ λ‹Ήμ˜ μž¬κ±΄μ„ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 본풀이듀이 μžˆλŠ” ν•œνŽΈ, μ΄ν˜•μƒμ˜ μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐λ₯Ό λΆ€μ •ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ μ‹ λ‹Ήμ˜ μ˜μ†μ„ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 본풀이듀이 μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€. 곧 λ§ˆμ„ μ‹ λ‹Ήμ˜ λͺ©μ μ— 따라 μ΄ν˜•μƒμ˜ μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐 μ—­μ‹œ λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” μƒλž΅λ˜λŠ” 것이닀. μ‹ μΆ•λ…„ λ‚œλ¦¬ κ΄€λ ¨ μ „μ„€μ—μ„œλŠ” λ‚œμ˜ μ‹œλ°œμ μœΌλ‘œ λ¬΄λ²•μ²œμ§€μ˜ μ‚¬νƒœλ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ˜¨ ν”„λž‘μŠ€ μ‹ λΆ€λ“€μ˜ μΉ˜μ™Έλ²•κΆŒμ„ μ§€μ ν•œλ‹€. 그둜 인해 κΈ°μ‘΄ μ œμ£Όλ„μ˜ 법이 μ¦λ°œλ˜μ–΄λ²„λ¦° μƒν™©μ—μ„œ μ΄μž¬μˆ˜λŠ” κ·Έ μŠ€μŠ€λ‘œκ°€ λ²•μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬νƒœλ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λ € ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ μ˜μ›…μœΌλ‘œ κΈ°μ–΅λœλ‹€. 이에 λΉ„μΆ”μ–΄λ³Ό λ•Œ μƒλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ—μ„œ μ΄μž¬μˆ˜λŠ” 잘 호λͺ…λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€. μ—μ„œλŠ” μ΄μž¬μˆ˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ κ³ λ„μ±„λΉ„λΌλŠ” 인물을 μ‹ μΆ•λ…„ λ‚œλ¦¬μ˜ μ˜μ›…μœΌλ‘œ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ—¬ μ‘°μƒμ‹ μœΌλ‘œ λͺ¨μ‹œκ³  μžˆλŠ” 것이닀. μ΄λŠ” 본풀이가 μ—­μ μœΌλ‘œ μ£½μž„μ„ λ‹Ήν•œ 이재수λ₯Ό μ€νν•˜κ³  κ·Έ λŒ€μ‹  고도채비λ₯Ό κ΅°μ›…μ‘°μƒμ‹ μœΌλ‘œ λ‚΄μ„Έμš°κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•œλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ λ§₯λ½μ—μ„œ κ³ λ„μ±„λΉ„λŠ” 이재수의 그림자 μ˜μ›…μ΄λ‹€. μ΄μƒμ˜ 고찰을 μ’…ν•©ν•˜μ—¬ 4μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬μ˜ ν˜•μ„±μ›λ¦¬λ₯Ό κ°ˆλž˜λ³„λ‘œ 규λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μš°μ„  μ „μ„€ κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬μ˜ ν˜•μ„±μ›λ¦¬λŠ” β€˜μ˜€κΈ°μ–΅β€™μ΄λ‹€. μ˜€κΈ°μ–΅μ€ 제보자의 ꡬ연 λ‚΄μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ‘°μ‚¬μžλ‚˜ μ²­μ€‘μ˜ λ…ΌμŸμ΄ μ¦‰κ°μ μœΌλ‘œ ν—ˆμš©λ˜λŠ” μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°νŒμ˜ 성격과 관련이 κΉŠλ‹€. 특히 μ œμ£Όλ„λ―Όμ˜ μ§‘λ‹¨κΈ°μ–΅μ΄λΌλŠ” μΈ΅μœ„λ₯Ό κ³ λ €ν•˜λ©΄ 전섀에 λ“œλŸ¬λ‚˜λŠ” μ˜€κΈ°μ–΅μ€ μ œμ£Όλ„ β€˜λ‚΄λΆ€β€™μ™€ β€˜μ™ΈλΆ€β€™λ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λ¦„μ˜ κ·œμΉ™μ„±μ„ λ³΄μΈλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ‹€. μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐의 경우 μ΄ν˜•μƒμ΄ μ„œλ ¨ νŒκ΄€, 기건 λͺ©μ‚¬μ™€ ν˜Όλ™λ˜μ–΄ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ”λ° μ΄λŠ” μ„œλ ¨ νŒκ΄€μ˜ κΈ°λ…λΉ„λ‚˜ 기둝 λ¬Έν—Œμ΄λΌλŠ” λͺ…λ°±ν•œ 증거물의 μ‘΄μž¬μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” μ˜€κΈ°μ–΅μ΄λ‹€. λ”μš±μ΄ μ΄ν˜•μƒμ΄λΌλŠ” κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μ œμ£Όλ„ β€˜μ™ΈλΆ€β€™λŠ” μ„œλ ¨ νŒκ΄€μ΄λ‚˜ 기건 λͺ©μ‚¬μ™€ 같은 λ‹€λ₯Έ β€˜μ™ΈλΆ€β€™λ₯Ό μ••λ„ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ“œλŸ¬λ‚˜λŠ” 것이 β€˜μ™ΈλΆ€β€™μ— λŒ€ν•œ 무차별적 인식이닀. μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆμ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 볡수의 μ™ΈλΆ€κ°€ λ“±μž₯ν•˜λŠ”λ° 이에 따라 이듀에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 차별적 인식이 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œλ‹€. μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆλΌλŠ” β€˜μ™ΈλΆ€β€™μ™€ μ œμ£Όλ„ β€˜λ‚΄λΆ€β€™ 사이에 λ™μ§ˆμ„±μ„ κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” μ „μ„€μ—μ„œλŠ” 김톡정이 μ‹Έμš°λŠ” λŒ€μƒμ„ 싀체가 λΆ„λͺ…ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 적ꡰ으둜 μ„€μ •ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆλΌλŠ” λ™μ§ˆμ  외뢀와 μ œμ£Όλ„ λ‚΄λΆ€λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ μž¬νŽΈν•˜λ € ν•œλ‹€. 반면 μ—¬λͺ½μ—°ν•©κ΅°μ΄λΌλŠ” β€˜μ™ΈλΆ€β€™μ™€ μ œμ£Όλ„ β€˜λ‚΄λΆ€β€™ 사이에 λ™μ§ˆμ„±μ„ κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” μ „μ„€μ—μ„œλŠ” 김톡정을 μ§„λ‚˜λΌ μ§„μ‹œν™©κ³Ό 같은 ν™•μ‹€ν•œ 이질적 μ™ΈλΆ€λ‘œ κ·œμ •ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μ œμ£Όλ„ λ‚΄μ™ΈλΆ€μ˜ 관계λ₯Ό μ •λ¦½ν•œλ‹€. μ‹ μΆ•λ…„ λ‚œλ¦¬μ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄μž¬μˆ˜λŠ” μ² μ €νžˆ μ œμ£Όλ„ β€˜λ‚΄λΆ€β€™λ₯Ό μƒμ§•ν•˜λŠ” 인물이닀. μ²œμ£Όκ΅κ°€ μ„œκ΅¬μ  κ·ΌλŒ€λ‘œμ„œ 이질적 μ™ΈλΆ€λ₯Ό ν‘œμƒν•œλ‹€λ©΄ 그와 비ꡐ할 λ•Œ ν•œμ–‘ 쑰정은 λ™μ§ˆμ  μ™ΈλΆ€λ‘œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν•œμ–‘ 쑰정에 μ˜ν•΄ μ΄μž¬μˆ˜κ°€ μ—­μ μœΌλ‘œ κ·œμ •λ˜κ³  μ²˜ν˜•λ˜λŠ” 결말은 ν•œμ–‘ 쑰정이 β€˜μ™ΈλΆ€β€™μ— 방점이 μ°νžˆλŠ” λ™μ§ˆμ  μ™ΈλΆ€μž„μ„ μžκ°ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 계기가 λœλ‹€. μ™œλž€κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨ν•΄μ„œ λ‚˜μ£Ό μΆœμ‹ μ˜ 뱀여신은 이미 토산리에 지배적인 영ν–₯λ ₯을 ν–‰μ‚¬ν•˜λŠ” μ‹ μ•™μ΄λΌλŠ” μ μ—μ„œ β€˜λ™μ§ˆμ  외뢀’λ₯Ό, μ™œκ΅¬λŠ” 그런 λ™μ§ˆμ  μ™ΈλΆ€λ₯Ό λ°€μ–΄λ‚Έλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ β€˜μ΄μ§ˆμ  외뢀’λ₯Ό μƒμ§•ν•œλ‹€. 그런데 ν† μ‚°λ¦¬μ—λŠ” ν† μ‚°λ‹Ή λ±€μ‹ μ•™μ˜ μœ„λ ₯을 μ¦μ–Έν•˜λŠ” μ™ΈλΆ€μ˜ 전섀에 λ§žμ„œ ν† μ‚°λ‹Ή 뱀신앙은 μ²˜μŒλΆ€ν„° μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•˜λŠ” 전섀이 μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€. ν† μ‚°λ‹Ή λ±€μ‹ μ•™μ˜ 쑴재λ₯Ό λΆ€μ •ν•˜λ©΄μ„œλ„ λ±€μœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν•œ μ²˜λ…€κ°€ μ™œκ΅¬λ₯Ό μ«“μ•„λƒˆλ‹€λŠ” μ „μ„€μ—λŠ” κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ μ˜€κΈ°μ–΅ λ„ˆλ¨Έλ‘œ μ–΅μ••λœ 기얡이 μžˆμŒμ„ μ•”μ‹œν•œλ‹€. 본풀이가 κ΅¬μ†‘λ˜λŠ” κ΅ΏνŒμ€ 전섀이 κ΅¬μ—°λ˜λŠ” μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°νŒκ³Ό 달리 μ‹¬λ°©μ˜ ꡬ술이 μ‘°μ‚¬μž ν˜Ήμ€ μ²­μ€‘μ˜ κΈ°μ–΅κ³Ό λ‹€λ₯΄λ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ„œ 즉각적인 λ…ΌμŸμ΄ λ²Œμ–΄μ§€μ§€λŠ” μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€. 본풀이 κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬μ˜ ν˜•μ„±μ›λ¦¬λ₯Ό κ²€ν† ν•˜λŠ” 데 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 본풀이가 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” ꡿판이 β€˜μ˜λ‘€β€™μ˜ ν˜„μž₯μ΄λΌλŠ” 점을 κ³ λ €ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. 본풀이 κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬μ˜ ν˜•μ„±μ›λ¦¬λŠ” λ°”λ‘œ β€˜νμ œβ€™μ™€ β€˜ν”μ β€™μ΄λ‹€. 일련의 λ³Έν’€μ΄λ“€μ—μ„œλŠ” ν•΄λ‹Ή 역사적 사건을 μ•„μ˜ˆ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ μΈμ‹ν•˜λŠ” β€˜νμ œβ€™μ˜ ν˜•μ„±μ›λ¦¬κ°€ μž‘λ™ν•œλ‹€. μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐 κ΄€λ ¨ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ—μ„œ μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐의 λ§₯락이 폐제된 것은 와 이닀. 특히 μ—μ„œλŠ” μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 고총 μΉ˜μ‚°λ„ νμ œλ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ”λ° μ΄λŠ” β€˜μ™ΈλΆ€β€™ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 연결성을 μ°¨λ‹¨ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ˜ μ „λž΅μ΄λ‹€. μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆ κ΄€λ ¨ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ—μ„œλ„ 김톡정을 λ“±μž₯인물둜 λ‚΄μ„Έμš°λ©΄μ„œλ„ ν•­λͺ½μ˜ λ§₯락을 λ§κ°ν•˜λŠ” 본풀이듀이 μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€. κΉ€ν†΅μ •μ˜ μž…λ„λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ„€μ΄Œμ΄ 된 μœ μˆ˜μ•”λ¦¬λŠ” μ—¬λͺ½μ—°ν•©κ΅°μ— μ˜ν•œ ν•™μ‚΄μ˜ 기얡이 μžˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ λŠ” 김톡정을 μˆ­μ•™ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•­λͺ½μ˜ 기얡을 μ§€μš΄λ‹€. μœ μˆ˜μ•”λ¦¬μ˜ μ„€μ΄Œμ— μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆκ°€ κΉŠμˆ™μ΄ κ°œμž…ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 사싀은 κΉ€ν†΅μ •μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€ν‘œλ˜λŠ” κ³ λ € μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆκ°€ 이 λ§ˆμ„μ˜ β€˜κ΅¬μ„±μ  μ™ΈλΆ€β€™λ‘œ μžλ¦¬ν–ˆμ„ κ°€λŠ₯성을 μ•”μ‹œν•œλ‹€. 이와 λ°˜λŒ€λ‘œ μ§€ν˜•μƒ μ˜ˆλ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ™œμ μ„ λ°©λΉ„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ§ˆμ„μ΄μ—ˆλ˜ κ³ λ‚΄λ¦¬λŠ” μ—¬λͺ½μ—°ν•©κ΅°κ³Ό κΈ΄λ°€νžˆ μ—°κ²°λœ λ§ˆμ„λ‘œμ„œ μ—μ„œλŠ” 김톡정을 μ•…μΈμœΌλ‘œ ν˜•μƒν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•­λͺ½μ˜ 기얡을 μ—†μ•€λ‹€. μ—­μœΌλ‘œ κ³ λ‚΄λ¦¬μ—μ„œλŠ” μ—¬λͺ½μ—°ν•©κ΅°μ΄ β€˜κ΅¬μ„±μ  μ™ΈλΆ€β€™μ˜€λ‹€κ³ κΉŒμ§€ 말할 μˆ˜λŠ” 없어도, 적어도 β€˜λ™μ§ˆμ  μ™ΈλΆ€β€™λ‘œ μžλ¦¬ν–ˆμ„ κ°€λŠ₯성이 μžˆλŠ” 것이닀. μ‹ μΆ•λ…„ λ‚œλ¦¬ κ΄€λ ¨ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ—μ„œ 이재수λ₯Ό νμ œν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 것은 이닀. μ‹ μΆ•λ…„ λ‚œλ¦¬λŠ” μ œμ£Όλ„ β€˜λ‚΄λΆ€β€™λ₯Ό μƒμ§•ν•˜λŠ” 인물이 μ—­μ‚¬μ˜ 전면에 λ‚˜μ„  μ‚¬κ±΄μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ 인물이 역사에 β€˜μ—­μ β€™μœΌλ‘œ κΈ°μž…λœλ‹€λŠ” 사싀은 λ¬Έμ œμ μ΄λ‹€. 본풀이가 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜κ³  싢은 것은 μ—­μ μœΌλ‘œ ν˜•μž₯의 이슬이 λ˜μ–΄λ²„λ¦° μ˜μ›…μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μž„κΈˆμ˜ μ–΄μ‚¬ν’ˆμ„ ν•˜μ‚¬λ°›κ³  λ‹Ήλ‹Ήν•˜κ²Œ κ·€ν–₯ν•œ μ˜μ›…μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ²¬μ§€μ—μ„œ μ΄μž¬μˆ˜λŠ” 폐제될 μˆ˜λ°–μ— μ—†λ‹€. νŠΉμ •ν•œ 본풀이듀은 역사적 사건 ν˜Ήμ€ 역사적 인물을 β€˜ν”μ β€™μ˜ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ κ°„μ§ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. μ΄λ•Œ β€˜ν”μ β€™μ€ β€˜κΈ°μ–΅β€™λ˜μ–΄ 남은 것을 λœ»ν•˜λ©΄μ„œλ„ κ·Έ μ•ˆμ— β€˜λ§κ°β€™μ˜ μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό ν¬ν•¨ν•œλ‹€. λŠ” μ΄ν˜•μƒμ˜ μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐에도 λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  신당이 살아남아 λ§ˆμ„ μ£Όλ―Όκ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ 4.3사건을 λͺ©κ²©ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μ¦μ–Έν•œλ‹€. μ΄ν˜•μƒμ˜ λ°©ν™”λŠ” 신당이 λ§ˆμ„μ˜ 역사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ˜μ†ν–ˆμŒμ„ μ£Όμ§€ν•˜λŠ” β€˜ν”μ β€™μΈ 것이닀. μ£Όλͺ©ν•  것은 신당이 4.3사건 λ‹Ήμ‹œ μ œμ£Όλ„λ―Όμ΄ κ²ͺ은 κ³ ν†΅μ˜ 원인에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ œμ£Όλ„ β€˜μ™ΈλΆ€β€™μ˜ ν–‰μ μœΌλ‘œ μ„€λͺ…ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점이닀. 이상과 같이 λ³Έκ³ μ—μ„œλŠ” β€˜κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬β€™λΌλŠ” κ°œλ…μ„ 톡해 μ œμ£Όλ„ 역사 μ „μ„€κ³Ό κ·Έ 본풀이λ₯Ό λ‹€κ°λ„λ‘œ λ…Όμ˜ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ·Έλ™μ•ˆ κ΅¬λΉ„λ¬Έν•™μ—μ„œ 기얡이둠이 λ°©λ²•λ‘ μœΌλ‘œ μ›μš©λœ 적이 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ μ „μ„€κ³Ό μ‹ ν™”λΌλŠ” μ–‘ 갈래λ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•œ 총괄적인 λ…Όμ˜λŠ” λ“œλ¬Όμ—ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 사싀을 μƒκΈ°ν•˜λ©΄ λ³Έκ³ λŠ” ꡬ비문학에 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬λ₯Ό 본격적으둜 λ…Όμ˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ κ·Έ μ˜μ˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έκ³ μ—μ„œ μ œμ‹œν•œ κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬μ˜ ν˜•μ„±μ›λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ „μ„€κ³Ό μ‹ ν™” 해석에도 μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ 적용될 수 μžˆμ„ 것이닀. κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬ κ΄€λ ¨ 자료의 ν™•μž₯κ³Ό ν•œ 단계 μ‹¬ν™”λœ λ…Όμ˜λŠ” μ°¨ν›„μ˜ 과제둜 μ‚Όκ³ μž ν•œλ‹€.1. μ„œλ‘  1 1.1. 연ꡬλͺ©μ  1 1.2. μ—°κ΅¬λŒ€μƒ 9 1.3. 연ꡬ방법 13 2. μžλ£Œκ°œκ΄€ 21 2.1. μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆ κ΄€λ ¨ 자료 21 2.2. μ™œλž€ κ΄€λ ¨ 자료 26 2.3. μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐 κ΄€λ ¨ 자료 30 2.4. μ‹ μΆ•λ…„ λ‚œλ¦¬ κ΄€λ ¨ 자료 33 3. κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬μ˜ λ„€ 가지 양상 38 3.1. μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆμ— λŒ€ν•œ κΈ°μ–΅λ“€ 38 3.1.1. 점령지 μ œμ£Όμ™€ μ–΅μ••λœ μ•„κΈ°μ—…κ²Œ 38 3.1.2. ν•­λͺ½μ˜ 망각과 악인 김톡정 51 3.2. μ™œλž€μ— λŒ€ν•œ κΈ°μ–΅λ“€ 57 3.2.1. λ±€μ‹ μ•™ ν˜μ˜€μ™€ λΆ€μ •λ˜λŠ” μ—¬μ‹  57 3.2.2. ꢌλŠ₯의 μ—¬μ‹ κ³Ό μ«“κ²¨λ‚œ μ—¬μ‹  72 3.3. μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐에 λŒ€ν•œ κΈ°μ–΅λ“€ 90 3.3.1. νŒ¨λ°°ν•œ μ΄ν˜•μƒκ³Ό λ¬Έλͺ…ν™” 사λͺ…λ“€ 90 3.3.2. μ‹ λ‹Ή 철폐의 은닉과 μ˜μ† 107 3.4. μ‹ μΆ•λ…„ λ‚œλ¦¬μ— λŒ€ν•œ κΈ°μ–΅λ“€ 121 3.4.1. λ²•μ˜ 증발과 μ˜μ›…ν™”λœ 이재수 121 3.4.2. μ€νλœ 역적과 그림자 μ˜μ›… 143 4. κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬μ˜ ν˜•μ„±μ›λ¦¬ 154 4.1. κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬ 이둠의 μ „μ œ 154 4.2. μ˜€κΈ°μ–΅κ³Ό μ „μ„€ μ„œμ‚¬ 159 4.3. 폐제/흔적과 본풀이 μ„œμ‚¬ 198 4.4. μ œμ£Όλ„ κΈ°μ–΅μ„œμ‚¬μ˜ ν˜•μ„±κΈ°μ œ 220 5. κ²°λ‘  223 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 230 Abstract 240λ°•

    Olfactory difference between the left & the right nostril in healthy subjects

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    μ˜ν•™κ³Ό/석사[ν•œκΈ€] 인λ₯˜μ˜ μ‚Άμ˜ 질이 ν–₯μƒλ˜λ©΄μ„œ 후각에 λŒ€ν•œ 관심이 μ¦κ°€ν•˜κ³  있으며,νŒŒν‚¨μŠ¨λ³‘, μ•Œμ―”ν•˜μ΄λ¨Έλ³‘ 같은 퇴행성 λ³‘μ˜ μ‘°κΈ° 진단 μ‹œμ—λ„ 후각 κ²€μ‚¬μ˜ μœ μš©μ„±μ— λŒ€ν•œ 연ꡬ듀이 ν™œλ°œν•˜λ‹€. μ§€λ‚œ 20λ…„κ°„ μ—¬λŸ¬ 후각 검사 방법듀이 각 κ΅­κ°€λ³„λ‘œ κ°œλ°œλ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ‚˜ 이쀑 μ†Œμˆ˜λ§Œμ΄ 후각을 ν‰κ°€ν•˜λŠ”λ° μœ μš©ν•˜λ‹€κ³  νŒλ‹¨λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ μž„μƒμ—μ„œ μ‹œν–‰λ˜λŠ” 후각 κ²€μ‚¬λŠ” μ–‘μΈ‘ 비강을 톡해 이루어 지고 μžˆλŠ” 것이 보톡이며, 쒌, 우츑 λΉ„κ°• 사이에 후각 차이가 μžˆμ„ κ°€λŠ₯성을 λ°°μ œν•˜μ—¬ μ™”μ—ˆλ‹€. 졜근 λ“€μ–΄ μ†Œμˆ˜μ˜ μ—°κ΅¬λ“€μ—μ„œ μ •μƒμΈμ—μ„œμ˜ 쒌, 우 λΉ„κ°•μ˜ 후각 차이에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ°œν‘œν•˜κ³  있으며 κ·Έ 결과에 λŒ€ν•œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 해석이 이루어지고 μžˆλ‹€. μ§ˆλ³‘μ΄ μ—†λŠ” κ²½μš°λΌλ„ 각각의 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각에 차이가 μžˆλŠ” 경우, ν–₯ν›„ 후각과 κ΄€λ ¨λœ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 진행함에 μžˆμ–΄ 쒌, 우 λΉ„κ°•μ˜ 후각 차이가 μžˆμŒμ„ κ³ λ €ν•˜μ—¬ κ·Έ 연ꡬ λ°©λ²•λ‘ μ—μ„œ 양츑을 각각 κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜μ—¬ 진행 ν•˜μ—¬μ•Ό ν•˜λ©°, κ·Έ 차이가 없을 경우 μ–‘μΈ‘μ˜ 차이λ₯Ό κ³ λ €ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  연ꡬλ₯Ό 진행해도 무방할 것이닀. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ ν˜„μž¬κΉŒμ§€ μ •μƒμΈμ—μ„œ 쒌, 우츑 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각 사이에 차이가 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ—¬λΆ€λ₯Ό μ—°κ΅¬ν•œ μžλ£Œκ°€ λΆ€μ‘±ν•˜μ—¬, λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” μš°μ„  μ •μƒμΈμ—μ„œ 쒌, 우츑 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각에 차이가 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ 확인해 보고자 ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 2007λ…„ 7μ›”λΆ€ν„° 2008λ…„ 2μ›”κΉŒμ§€ μ„ΈλΈŒλž€μŠ€ 병원 μ΄λΉ„μΈν›„κ³Όμ—μ„œ μž…μ›μΉ˜λ£Œ μ€‘μ΄κ±°λ‚˜ μ™Έλž˜μ— λ‚΄μ›ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ 쀑 코와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ 증상 및 μ§ˆν™˜μ„ 가지고 μžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 문진, 이학적 검사 및 λΉ„ λ‚΄μ‹œκ²½ 검사, 음ν–₯톡기도 검사(Acoustic Rhinometry), 뢀비동 λ‹¨μˆœ 방사선 촬영 μ‹œν–‰ ν›„, 정상인을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ KVSS (Korean Version of Sniffin’ Sticks)검사와 T & T olfactometer (Developed by Takagi and Toyota in 1975) 검사λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 쒌, 우 각 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각에 차이가 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ 확인해 λ³΄μ•˜κ³  λ˜ν•œ μ–‘μΈ‘ 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각과 편츑 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각 μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 차이λ₯Ό λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 후각에 영ν–₯을 쀄 수 μžˆλŠ” μš”μΈλ“€λ‘œ μ—°λ Ή, 성별, μ—¬μ„±μ˜ 생리 κΈ°κ°„ 및 μš°μ„Έ μˆ˜μ§€μ™€μ˜ 연관성도 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. 총 83λͺ…을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ μ‹œν–‰ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό 쒌, 우츑 κ°κ°μ—μ„œλ³΄λ‹€ μ–‘μΈ‘ 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각 검사 μ‹œ 보닀 μš°μˆ˜ν•œ 후각을 λ³΄μ˜€μœΌλ©°, λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ κ²€μ‚¬μ—μ„œ 우츑 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 검사가 쒌츑 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 검사보닀 더 μš°μˆ˜ν•œ 후각을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μ—ˆλ‹€. μ Šμ€ 연령에 λΉ„ν•΄ κ³ λ Ήμ—μ„œλŠ” KVSS와 T & T 검사 λͺ¨λ‘μ—μ„œ 쒌, 우 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각 사이에 차이가 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬μœΌλ©°, 우츑 λΉ„κ°•μ˜ 후각이 μš°μˆ˜ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 성별에 λ”°λ₯Έ 쒌, 우 λΉ„κ°• μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 후각 μ°¨μ΄λŠ” μ—†μ—ˆμœΌλ©°, νκ²½κΈ°λ‚˜ 비폐경기 μ—¬μ„±μ—μ„œ 곡히 우츑 λΉ„κ°•μ˜ 후각이 μš°μˆ˜ν•¨μ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©°, 생리 기간에 λ”°λ₯Έ 쒌, 우 λΉ„κ°•μ˜ 후각 μ°¨μ΄λŠ” μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€. μš°μ„Έ μˆ˜μ§€ λ³„λ‘œ λΉ„κ΅ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό, λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ—μ„œ 우츑 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각이 μ’ŒμΈ‘λ³΄λ‹€ μš°μˆ˜ν•˜κ²Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬μœΌλ©° μš°μ„Έ μˆ˜μ§€ λ°©ν–₯κ³Ό 톡계학적 연관성은 μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€. 후각에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ  수 μžˆλŠ” 각 μš”μΈ 별 후각을 λΉ„κ΅ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό 연령이 높은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—μ„œ 후각은 λͺ¨λ“  κ²€μ‚¬μ—μ„œ κ°μ†Œν•˜μ˜€κ³ , 성별, 주둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 손(μš°μ„Έ μˆ˜μ§€)에 λ”°λ₯Έ ν›„κ°μ˜ μ°¨μ΄λŠ” μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€. 비폐경 μ—¬μ„±μ—μ„œλŠ” 생리 ν›„ 기간에 따라 생리기, λ°°λž€κΈ°, 자ꢁ기의 μ„ΈκΈ°κ°„μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λˆ„μ–΄ 각 생리 기간별 후각을 λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ—μ„œ λ°°λž€κΈ°μ— μš°μˆ˜ν•œ 후각 점수λ₯Ό λ³΄μ˜€μœΌλ‚˜ ν†΅κ³„ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•˜μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€. 적은 λŒ€μƒ μˆ˜μ΄μ§€λ§Œ, 폐경 μ—¬μ„±κ³Ό 같은 μ—°λ Ήμ˜ 비폐경 μ—¬μ„± 사이에 ν›„κ°μ˜ 차이λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, κ·Έ μ°¨μ΄λŠ” μ—†κ²Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. λ³Έ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 비과적 μ§ˆν™˜μ΄ μ—†λŠ” μ •μƒμΈμ—μ„œλ„ μƒλ¦¬μ μœΌλ‘œ 쒌,우츑 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각에 차이가 있으며 μ’ŒμΈ‘μ— λΉ„ν•΄ 우츑 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각이 더 μš°μˆ˜ν•˜λ©°, μ–‘μΈ‘ λΉ„κ°•μœΌλ‘œ 평가 μ‹œ 각각의 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 검사보닀 더 μš°μˆ˜ν•œ 후각을 λ³΄μž„μ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. ν–₯ν›„ ν›„κ°μ˜ ν‰κ°€λŠ” 편츑의 후각 μž₯μ•  유무λ₯Ό 확인할 수 μžˆμŒμ€ λ¬Όλ‘ , 후각과 κ΄€λ ¨λœ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 진행함에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œλŠ” 특히, 보닀 μ •ν™•ν•œ 연ꡬ 및 진단을 μœ„ν•΄ μƒλ¦¬μ μœΌλ‘œλ„ 쒌, 우츑 비강을 ν†΅ν•œ 후각에 차이가 μžˆμŒμ„ κ³ λ €ν•˜μ—¬ 각각의 비강을 톡해 검사λ₯Ό μ‹œν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 것이 ν•„μš”ν•  것이라 μ‚¬λ£Œλœλ‹€. [영문] Olfactory testing is typically performed in a birhinal setting. Birhinal testing of odor identification will not allow the detection of unilateral olfactory loss and could be incorrect testing. Lateralized difference (olfactory difference between each nostril) in odor perception has been described in a few articles. The aim of the presented study was to evaluate olfactory difference between the left and the right nostril in healthy subjects and in addition to figure out if olfaction is affected by a few factors such as age, sex, menstrual cycle in women, and dominant hand. In 83 subjects (52 women, 31 men), we performed an olfactory testing separately for each nostril. All participants rated their olfactory sensitivity as 5 different scales before testing. A Korean Version of Sniffin’ Sticks (KVSS) test which was developed in Korea based on sniffin’ stick test was utilized to evaluate olfactory function separately for each nostril. We hoped that this study would be used for the other future studies, so T & T olfactometer was also performed as the same manner. A general olfactory difference between the left and the right nostril was found in both KVSS and T & T olfactometer. Olfaction through the right nostril was superior to the left side. Birhinal testing reflected better olfactory function than each nostril testing. Aging was associated with a decline in olfactory sensation in all tests. In women, many previous studies reported that sex hormone would be the one of the important factors to affect olfaction but we just could see the tendency. Olfaction was not significantly influenced by the menstrual cycle even though better olfaction in ovulate phase - high estrogen, low progesterone phase. There was no olfactory difference between in menopausal and non-menopausal women. It was probably lack of the subjects. A KVSS test was suitable for Korean and the result from a KVSS test was not different from T & T test. But more simple & correct olfactory test will be needed for lateralized olfactory screening. A side difference in olfaction can only be detected with lateralized testing. In our opinion, for most of the clinical and medico legal issues, lateralized olfactory testing is preferable. Lateralized olfactory testing is necessary to detect patients with olfactory dysfunction. Further studies will be needed to investigate how sex hormone is related to olfactory function in women.ope

    A Study of Segyeong-Bonpuri

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : κ΅­μ–΄κ΅­λ¬Έν•™κ³Ό ꡭ문학전곡, 2015. 8. μ‘°ν˜„μ„€.λ³Έκ³ λŠ” 제주 μ„œμ‚¬λ¬΄κ°€ γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ˜ 곡간별 결연양상을 κ³ μ°°ν•˜κ³  그것을 λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ μ‚Όμ•„ μ„Έκ²½μ‹ μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ›λ¦¬λ₯Ό 규λͺ…ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μš°μ„  이본을 μ§‘μ„±ν•˜μ—¬ 곡톡점과 차이점을 λŒ€λΉ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ˜ μ„œμ‚¬ 단락을 μž¬κ΅¬ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό ν† λŒ€λ‘œ γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ— λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ 곡간별 결연양상을 κ³ μ°°ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό μ§€μƒμ—λŠ” μˆ˜λ ΅Β·μ±„μ§‘λ¬Έν™”λ₯Ό κΈ°μ €λ‘œ ν•œ 결연방식이, μ²œμƒμ—λŠ” 유ꡐ적 κ°€λΆ€μž₯μ œμ—μ„œ λΉ„λ‘―λœ 결연방식이 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜κ³  있으며, μ„œμ²œκ½ƒλ°­μ—λŠ” μ–‘ 결연방식이 λͺ¨λ‘ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 그런데 μžμ²­λΉ„λŠ” 각각의 κ³΅κ°„μ—μ„œ ν•΄λ‹Ή 결연방식을 κ΅λž€ λ˜λŠ” κ±°λΆ€ν•˜λŠ” μ›€μ§μž„μ„ 보여쀀닀. λ³΅μž‘ν•˜κ²Œ μ–½ν˜€ μžˆλŠ” γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ˜ 곡간별 결연양상은 μ œμ£Όλ„μ˜ 이원적 κ°€μ‘±μ˜μ‹μ„ 톡해 ν•΄λͺ…λœλ‹€. μ œμ£Όλ„μ—λŠ” κ³ μœ ν•œ 뢀뢀쀑심 가쑱ꡬ쑰와 ν•œλ°˜λ„μ—μ„œ μœ μž…λœ κ°€λΆ€μž₯적 가쑱ꡬ쑰가 μ΄μ›μ μœΌλ‘œ κ³΅μ‘΄ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ„ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μΆ”μ •λœλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ μ§€μƒμ˜ 결연방식이 μ§€λ‹Œ νŠΉμ„±μ€ μ œμ£Όλ„μ˜ 전톡민가 ꡬ쑰와 λΆ€λΆ€κ°€μ‘± ν˜•νƒœλ‘œλΆ€ν„° ν™•μΈλ˜λŠ”, μ œμ£Όλ„μ˜ 전톡적인 뢀뢀쀑심 가쑱ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό λ°˜μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. λ˜ν•œ μ²œμƒμ˜ 결연방식이 μ§€λ‹Œ νŠΉμ„±μ€ μ œμ£Όλ„ μ—¬μ„±κ³Ό ν˜ΌμΈκ΄€κ³„λ₯Ό λ§Ίμ—ˆλ˜ μ‘°μ„ μ‹œλŒ€ μœ λ°°μΈλ“€μ„ 톡해 듀어왔을 것이라 μΆ”μ •λ˜λŠ”, ν•œλ°˜λ„μ˜ κ°€λΆ€μž₯적 가쑱ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό λ°˜μ˜ν•œλ‹€. ν•œνŽΈ μ„œμ²œκ½ƒλ°­μ€ μ–΄μ°Œν•˜μ—¬ μ§€μƒμ˜ 결연방식과 μ²œμƒμ˜ 결연방식이 λͺ¨λ‘ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” κ³΅κ°„μœΌλ‘œ μžλ¦¬λ§€κΉ€ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 의문이 μ œκΈ°λœλ‹€. 이에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ„œμ²œκ½ƒλ°­μ΄ μ§€λ‹Œ λ§€κ°œμ„±Β·κ²½κ³„μ„±μ΄λΌλŠ” 곡간적 성격이 이원적 κ°€μ‘±μ˜μ‹ 투영의 κΈ°μ €κ°€ 되고 μžˆλŠ” 것이라 ν•΄μ„ν–ˆλ‹€. κ·Έ κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ μ„œμ²œκ½ƒλ°­μ˜ λ§€κ°œμ„±Β·κ²½κ³„μ„±μ€ μžμ²­λΉ„μ˜ μΈλ¬Όν˜•μƒκ³Όλ„ λ°€μ ‘ν•œ 상관관계λ₯Ό μ§€λ‹Œλ‹€λŠ” 점을 κ°•μ‘°ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 또 지상과 μ²œμƒ 그리고 μ„œμ²œκ½ƒλ°­μ΄ μ§€λ‹Œ κ³΅μœ μ§€μ μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ κ³ μ°°ν•˜μ˜€λŠ”λ°, 그것은 닀름 μ•„λ‹Œ λ‚¨μ„±μ§€λ°°μ˜ μ˜μ—­μ΄λΌκ³  μ˜λ―Έν™”ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 곡간별 결연양상에 λŒ€ν•œ 뢄석을 톡해 γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ—λŠ” μ œμ£Όλ„μ™€ ν•œλ°˜λ„μ˜ 가쑱ꡬ쑰가 깊이 μΉ¨μœ€λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŒμ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ‹€. 그런데 μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ œμ£Όλ„λŠ” 곧 μ œμ£Όλ„μ˜ λ‚΄λΆ€λ‘œ, ν•œλ°˜λ„λŠ” 곧 μ œμ£Όλ„μ˜ μ™ΈλΆ€λ‘œ μΉ˜ν™˜λœλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ˜ 곡간별 κ²°μ—°μ–‘μƒμ—λŠ” μ΅œμ’…μ μœΌλ‘œ μ œμ£Όλ„μ˜ λ‚΄Β·μ™ΈλΆ€ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ κ΄€μ—¬λ˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ”λ° μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ³Έλ‹€λ©΄ μ„Έκ²½μ‹ μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ›λ¦¬ μ—­μ‹œ μ œμ£Όλ„μ˜ λ‚΄Β·μ™ΈλΆ€ 문제둜 해석될 여지가 μžˆλ‹€. μ„Έκ²½μ‹ μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ›λ¦¬λ₯Ό 본격적으둜 κ³ μ°°ν•˜κΈ° 이전에 솑당계 λ‹Ήμ‹ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ›λ¦¬λ₯Ό κ³ μ°°ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ°€μž₯ λ¨Όμ € γ€ˆμ†‘λ‹Ήλ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ—μ„œ μ™ΈλΆ€λ₯Ό ν‘œμƒν•˜λŠ” λ°±μ£Όλ˜κ°€ μƒμœ„μ‹ κ²©μœΌλ‘œ, λ‚΄λΆ€λ₯Ό ν‘œμƒν•˜λŠ” μ†Œμ²œκ΅­μ΄ ν•˜μœ„μ‹ κ²©μœΌλ‘œ 자리 μž‘λŠ” 것을 톡해 μ™ΈλΆ€λŠ” 내뢀보닀 μš°μœ„μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 솑당계 λ‹Ήμ‹ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ›λ¦¬λ₯Ό λ„μΆœν•΄λ‚΄μ—ˆλ‹€. γ€ˆμ„Έν™”λ³Έν–₯λ‹Ήλ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ—μ„œλŠ” 솑당계 λ‹Ήμ‹ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ›λ¦¬κ°€ λ‹€μ†Œ λ³€μš©λœλ‹€. μ†Œμ²œκ΅­κ³Ό λ°±μ£Όλ˜λΌλŠ” 기본적 남녀관계에 λ”ν•˜μ—¬ κΈˆμƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 제3의 인물이 λ“±μž₯ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ™ΈλΆ€μ˜ κ°œμž…μœΌλ‘œ 인해 기쑴에 μ™ΈλΆ€λ₯Ό ν‘œμƒν•˜λ˜ λ°±μ£Όλ˜λŠ” μžμ‹ μ˜ 정체성을 λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚€κ³  λ‚΄λΆ€μ˜ 역할을 λ‹΄λ‹Ήν–ˆλ˜ μ†Œμ²œκ΅­μ€ 이후 μ’Œμ •μ—μ„œ λ°°μ œλœλ‹€. 솑당계 λ‹Ήμ‹ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ›λ¦¬λŠ” γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ—λ„ μœ νš¨ν•˜κ²Œ μ μš©λœλ‹€. λ‚΄λΆ€λ₯Ό ν‘œμƒν•˜λŠ” μ •μˆ˜λ‚¨μ€ μ„œμ‚¬ 말미에 이λ₯΄λŸ¬ ν•˜μ„Έκ²½μœΌλ‘œ μ’Œμ •ν•œλ‹€. 그런데 γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ—μ„œ μ •μˆ˜λ‚¨κ³Ό μžμ²­λΉ„μ˜ 관계가 μ†Œμ²œκ΅­κ³Ό 백주또의 관계λ₯Ό μž¬ν˜„ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 관점에 λ™μ˜ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ ν•˜μ„Έκ²½μ΄λž€ μœ„μΉ˜λŠ” μ‹ μ—μ„œ 쒅이 된 μ†Œμ²œκ΅­μ˜ ν•˜λ½λœ μœ„μƒμ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 바라고 ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. ν•œνŽΈ μ™ΈλΆ€λ₯Ό ν‘œμƒν•˜λŠ” 문도령은 μ„œμ‚¬ λ§λ―Έμ—μ„œ μƒμ„Έκ²½μœΌλ‘œ μ’Œμ •ν•œλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 문도령이 ν‘œμƒν•˜λŠ” μ™ΈλΆ€λŠ” γ€ˆμ„Έν™”λ³Έν–₯λ‹Ήλ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ—μ„œ κΈˆμƒμ΄ ν‘œμƒν–ˆλ˜ μ™ΈλΆ€μ™€λŠ” 쑰금 λ‹€λ₯Έ 의미λ₯Ό λ‚΄ν¬ν•œλ‹€. κΈˆμƒμ΄ ꡰ사문화λ₯Ό ν‘œμƒν•˜λŠ” 인물이라면 문도령은 μœ κ΅λ¬Έν™”λ₯Ό ν‘œμƒν•˜λŠ” 인물이라 λ³Ό 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. μžμ²­λΉ„λŠ” λ‚΄λΆ€μ΄λ©΄μ„œ λ™μ‹œμ— 외뢀인 μ΄μ€‘μ˜ 정체성을 κ΅¬ν˜„ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°, μ΄λŠ” γ€ˆμ„Έν™”λ³Έν–₯당본풀이〉에 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ 백주또의 이쀑적 정체성과 μœ μ‚¬ν•˜λ‹€. λ¬Έλ„λ Ήμ˜ 손가락을 λ°”λŠ˜λ‘œ 찌λ₯Ό λ•Œ μžμ²­λΉ„λŠ” λ‚΄λΆ€μ˜ 정체성을 μ§€λ‹Œλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 외뢀인 문도령에 λŒ€ν•΄ 내뢀인 μžμ²­λΉ„λŠ” μ„œμ‚¬λ₯Ό μ΄λŒμ–΄κ°€λŠ” μ€‘μ‹¬μž„μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  ν•˜μœ„μ‹ κ²©μœΌλ‘œ μ’Œμ •ν•œλ‹€. μžμ²­λΉ„λŠ” μ •μˆ˜λ‚¨μ΄ 말 잘 λ“£λŠ” 쒅이 되기λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜λŠ”λ°, μ΄λ•Œ μ œμ£Όλ„ 본풀이에 쒅이 λ“±μž₯ν•œ λ§₯락이 ν•œλ°˜λ„ μœ κ΅λ¬Έν™”μ™€ 관계가 μžˆμŒμ„ λͺ…심할 ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ μžμ²­λΉ„λŠ” 내뢀인 μ •μˆ˜λ‚¨μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ™ΈλΆ€λ₯Ό ν‘œμƒν•˜λ©° μ •μˆ˜λ‚¨λ³΄λ‹€ μƒμœ„μ‹ κ²©μœΌλ‘œ μ’Œμ •ν•œλ‹€. μ΄μƒμ˜ λ…Όμ˜μ—μ„œ μ£Όλͺ©λ˜λŠ” 것은 λ°”λ‘œ 내뢀와 κ²°ν•©ν•˜λŠ” μ™ΈλΆ€μ˜ μ‘΄μž¬νƒœμ΄λ‹€. μ΄λ•Œ λ– μ˜€λ₯΄λŠ” 것이 μ‹€μ œ μ œμ£Όλ„ μ—¬μ„±κ³Ό ν˜ΌμΈκ΄€κ³„λ₯Ό λ§Ίμ—ˆλ˜ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ™ΈλΆ€μžλ“€μ΄λ‹€. μ œμ£Όλ„μ— μž…λ„ν•œ κ³ λ € μ‚Όλ³„μ΄ˆμ™€ λͺ©ν˜Έ 그리고 μ‘°μ„ μ‹œλŒ€ μœ λ°°μΈμ€ μ‹€μ œ μ œμ£Όλ„ μ—¬μ„±κ³Ό μ ‘μ΄‰ν–ˆκ³  또 ν–ˆμ„ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ³΄μΈλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ 이λͺ©μ΄ μ§‘μ€‘λœλ‹€. κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ‘΄μž¬κ°€ μ œμ£ΌμΈλ“€λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ 내뢀와 μ™ΈλΆ€μ˜ κ²°ν•© ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ˜μ‹ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κΈ°μ œμ˜€μ„μ§€λ„ λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€λŠ” 좔츑을 λ‚³κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. μ œμ£Όλ„μ˜ 당이 λ§ˆμ„ 곡동체λ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ ν˜•μ„±λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 점을 κ°μ•ˆν•œλ‹€λ©΄ μ‹¬λ°©μ˜ μž…μž₯μ—μ„œ λ§ˆμ„ 곡동체 내에 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” μƒμ΄ν•œ 외뢀와 λ‚΄λΆ€μ˜ κ²°ν•© ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό λͺ¨λ₯Έ μ²™ ν–ˆμ„ 리 μ—†λ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ μ œμ£Όλ„ 본풀이에 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ™ΈλΆ€λŠ” μ‹€μ œ μ œμ£Όλ„ μ—¬μ„±μ˜ μ‚Άμ—μ„œ κ°„μ·¨λœλ‹€κ³  ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. 그런데 비ꡐ적 졜근 μ±„λ‘λœ μ΄λ³Έμ—μ„œ μ„Έκ²½μ‹ μ˜ 신직 μž¬λ°°μΉ˜κ°€ 이루어지고 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 사싀은 μ„Έκ²½μ‹ μ˜ 신격기λŠ₯체계가 μ‘°μ •λ˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ μ•”μ‹œν•˜λŠ” 바라 ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. μƒμ„Έκ²½μ˜ μžλ¦¬μ— μ—Όμ œμ‹ λ†μ΄ λ“€μ–΄μ„œλ©΄μ„œ 쀑세경-문도령, ν•˜μ„Έκ²½-μžμ²­λΉ„, μ„Έκ²½μž₯남-μ •μˆ˜λ‚¨μœΌλ‘œ 신직이 재편되고 μžˆλŠ” 것이닀. μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ—Όμ œμ‹ λ†μ€ λ™μ•„μ‹œμ•„ ν•œλ¬Έλ¬Έλͺ…κΆŒμ˜ μ€‘μ‹¬κ΅­μ΄λΌλŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ™ΈλΆ€κ°€ γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ²΄μ œλ‘œ μ§„μž…λ˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ μ•Œλ €μ€€λ‹€. 본고의 λ…Όμ˜μ—μ„œ λΆ€κ°λ˜λŠ” 것은 λ°”λ‘œ μžμ²­λΉ„μ˜ μΈλ¬Όν˜•μƒμ΄λ‹€. μžμ²­λΉ„λŠ” γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ— μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” λ³΅μž‘λ‹€κΈ°ν•œ κ²°μ—°λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 인해 μˆ˜λ ΅Β·μ±„μ§‘λ¬Έν™”λ‘œλΆ€ν„° λΉ„λ‘―λœ 결연방식과 유ꡐ적 κ°€λΆ€μž₯μ œλ‘œλΆ€ν„° λΉ„λ‘―λœ 결연방식에 λͺ¨λ‘ λ§žμ„œκ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 본풀이 속 여성인물에 λΉ„ν•΄ ν•œμΈ΅ 더 μ§„μ „λœ 여성인물상을 보여쀀닀. λ˜ν•œ μžμ²­λΉ„λ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ ν•œ 문도령과 μ •μˆ˜λ‚¨μ˜ μ„Έκ²½μ‹  μ’Œμ •μ€ μ œμ£Όλ„ λ‚΄λΆ€ 문화와 μ œμ£Όλ„ μ™ΈλΆ€ λ¬Έν™” μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 문화적 쑰정을 μ΄λ£©ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μƒκ°λœλ‹€. κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ μ„Έκ²½μ‹ μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ€ 신화적 μ‘°μ •μ΄λΌλŠ” μ˜λ―Έλ§μ— λ”ν•˜μ—¬ 문화적 μ‘°μ •μ΄λΌλŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ˜λ―Έλ§μ„ νšλ“ν•˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€.*ꡭ문초둝 β… . μ„œλ‘  β…‘. 자료 κ°œκ΄€ 1. 이본 λŒ€λΉ„ 2. μ„œμ‚¬ 단락 β…’. 곡간별 결연양상 1. μ§€μƒμ˜ 결연양상 2. μ²œμƒμ˜ 결연양상 3. μ„œμ²œκ½ƒλ°­μ˜ 결연양상 4. 이원적 κ°€μ‘±μ˜μ‹κ³Ό μ„œμ²œκ½ƒλ°­μ˜ 곡간성 β…£. μ„Έκ²½μ‹ μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ›λ¦¬ 1. 솑당계 λ‹Ήμ‹ λ³Έν’€μ΄μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ›λ¦¬ 2. γ€ˆμ„Έκ²½λ³Έν’€μ΄γ€‰μ˜ μ’Œμ •μ›λ¦¬ 3. μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ™ΈλΆ€μ˜ 수용과 신격기λŠ₯체계 쑰정원리 β…€. κ²°λ‘  μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ AbstractMaste

    열사이클에 λ”°λ₯Έ μ „μž νŒ¨ν‚€μ§• AlSiN νŒ¨λ“œμ—μ„œμ˜ μœ ν•œμš”μ†Œ λͺ¨λΈμ— μ˜ν•œ 열응λ ₯ 뢄석

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :μž¬λ£Œκ³΅ν•™λΆ€,2001.Maste

    The extended indication of parotidectomy using the modified facelift incision in benign lesions: retrospective analysis of a single institution

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    BACKGROUND: Recently, the modified facelift incision (FLI) has gained increasing popularity for its cosmetic benefits in parotidectomy. However, many surgeons remain concerned with the adequacy of the exposure and are unwilling to use the FLI for anterior or superior tumors of the parotid gland because these tumors are closer to the superficially positioned facial nerve branch. To evaluate the changing trends in parotidectomy incisions for benign lesions at a single institute, and to compare the surgical outcomes between the modified Blair incision (BI) and FLI, and determine the adequacy and possible indications or limitations of the FLI, especially for tumors located in the anterior or superior parotid gland. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study analyzed 357 patients who had various benign parotid diseases and underwent parotidectomy at Severance Hospital between January 2005 and December 2009. Revisions or recurrences and histologically confirmed malignancies were excluded. Tumor location was divided into superficial and deep lobes. The superficial lobe was subdivided into anterior, superior, inferior, and middle portions. Patients' profiles, surgical outcomes, and cosmetic satisfaction score on a scale of 0 (extremely dissatisfied) to 10 (extremely satisfied) were compared. RESULTS: In all, 344 patients underwent BI or FLI. The FLI was performed increasingly each year. For anterior (n = 58) or superior tumors (n = 32), there was no significant difference between the type of incision and tumor size or complications. No facial nerve palsy occurred in either group. For deep-lobe tumors (n = 67), the mean tumor size was significantly larger in the BI group (p = 0.025). There was a significant difference between facial nerve palsy and tumor size (p < 0.001) but no significant difference between facial nerve palsy and tumor location (p = 0.145) or the type of incision (p = 0.530). The mean scar satisfaction score was significantly higher in the FLI group (p <0.001). There was a positive correlation between the scar and deep hollow satisfaction score (Pearson coefficient of correlation = 0.547; p < 0.001) CONCLUSIONS: The modified facelift incision is feasible for most benign parotid lesions regardless of tumor location, even for anterior or superior tumors. Using the modified facelift incision may be extended with a surgeon's accumulated experience, but for a large deep-lobe tumor, the modified Blair incision is still considered useful.ope
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