37 research outputs found
μ΅κ³ κ²½μμ§μ μΈκ΅¬ν΅κ³νμ λ€μμ±κ³Ό μ΄μ¬νμ μΈκ΅¬ν΅κ³νμ λ€μμ±μ΄ μ¬λ¬΄μ ν μ¬κΈ° λ°μμ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯
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Όλ¬Έ (μμ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : κ²½μνκ³Ό, 2015. 2. λ°μ² μ.This study examined how demographic diversity present in the top management team and in the board of directors may influence the likelihood of a firms fraudulent financial reporting. It also evaluated board demography with respect to top management team demography to detect whether demographic dissimilarity between the two groups can enhance monitoring effectiveness, resulting in lower likelihood of fraudulent financial reporting. Data from the top management teams and boards of directors of 90 firms β 30 firms accused of financial statement fraud and 60 matched firms β revealed a strong negative relationship between the likelihood of fraud and top management team diversity and board diversity, measured by variances in age, tenure, gender, functional background, and educational background.Contents
1. Introduction 1
2. Theoretical background and hypotheses 2
2.1. Board diversity and fraud 6
3. Methods 9
3.1. Data and sample 9
Comparison to the matched sample 10
3.2. Measures 11
3.3. Data analysis and results 15
Descriptive statistics and correlation matrix 15
Univariate analysis 17
Results of the logistic regression analysis 18
4. Discussion 19
4.1. Demographic faultline and factional groups 20
5. References 22
Appendix 28
Abstract (in Korean) 30Maste
Clinical outcomes of transoral robotic surgery for head and neck tumors
OBJECTIVES: In order to reduce treatment-related morbidity rates and increase patients' quality of life, robot-assisted surgery using the da Vinci surgical system (Intuitive Surgical Inc, Sunnyvale, California) has been studied actively in the field of head and neck surgery. This study analyzes our experiences therewith in order to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of robot-assisted surgery via a transoral approach in the head and neck area.
METHODS: Between April 2008 and December 2011, 141 patients were treated with robot-assisted surgery via a transoral approach.
RESULTS: Robot-assisted surgeries were successfully completed via a transoral approach in all patients. The mean robotic operative time was 69.3 minutes, and the mean time for setup of the robotic system was 10.4 minutes. The average blood loss during the operation was 29.6 mL (range, 0 to 300 mL). Patients who underwent robot-assisted surgery were satisfied with their cosmetic results and treatment outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Robot-assisted surgery via a transoral approach was confirmed to be feasible and efficient in the field of head and neck surgery. Further research is needed to investigate the long-term functional and oncological results of robot-assisted surgery.ope
Electroglottographic measurement with vocal and videostroboscopic analysis for T1 glottic cancer patients after cura
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[μλ¬Έ]As both surgery and radiotherapy have similar effect on T1 glottic cancer, the quality of voice after the treatment is the most important factor when choosing suitable treatment method. Many previous studies showed varied or even contrary results of radiotherapy that the recovered voice after treatment was either generally normal or abnormal. The absence of precise and objective voice test is believed to be the major reason of above inconsistent results. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the voice changes after radiotherapy and the clinical efficacy of Electroglottography(EGG) as a new test method. To do so, this study performed widely accepted voice quality test and vocal function test as well as newly introduced EGG using speech studio program.
Ten patients diagnosed as T1 glottic cancer received voice quality test and vocal function test before and two months after radiotherapy. Voice quality test includes Perceptual test and Acoustic analysis, and vocal function test includes Aerodynamic study, Videostroboscopy and EGG. As a control group, fifteen male adults who have normal larynx went though the same tests. The comparison result of T1 glottic cancer patients and fifteen-male group before and after radiotherapy is as below.
Perceptual test showed that voice quality improved after radiotherapy because the mean value reduced significantly. But, only 2 cases have normal voice after treatment. Acoustic analysis showed that whereas fundamental frequency, Jitter, Shimmer changed significantly after radiotherapy, HNR did not change. In the comparison of two groups, Fundamental frequency, Shimmer, HNR reached statistical significance, but Jitter result had no statistical significance. Aerodynamic study had no item that had value change before and after radiotherapy with statistical significance. In the videostroboscopy, glottic closure, wave and non-vibrating portion had statistically significant changes after radiotherapy and remaining three items had no statically significant change and 60-80% of patients had normal videostroboscopic finding after treatment. In EGG, %Fx and Qx showed significant changes whereas %Ax had no change. In the comparison of patient group against control group, Qx and %Ax had statistically significant value and %Fx value was not statistically significant.
This study proved that the voice improved significantly after radiotherapy, but many cases were found to be abnormal voice. Among various test methods that are used to voice analysis before and after radiotherapy, Perceptual test, Acoustic analysis and Videostroboscopy were found to be reliable and meaningful methods. On the contrary, Aerodynamic study had limitations to get proper and reliable results. This study suggests that multi-dimensional analysis with diverse methods is required. Lastly, EGG that were tried newly in this kind of study is believed to be a great vocal function test that can overcome shortcomings of other methods and may be used as a basic test method of future voice test.prohibitio
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Detection of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and chronoic wasting disease using monoclonal antibodies
Thesis(master`s)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :μμνκ³Ό μμλ―Έμλ¬Όν μ 곡,2006.Maste
Processing of Al/SiC Whisker composites by compocasting and property characterization
Maste
The Implications of Artistic Citizenship for Music Education: focusing on the concept of music in daily life in school music curriculum
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Abstract 83Maste
Preparation and characterization of the negative electrode prepared by electrophoretic co-deposition of active material and binder
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Abstract 91Maste