24 research outputs found

    Activating e-Learning for effective officials' self-directed learning: challenges and future directions

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    ์ง€์‹๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๊ฐœํ˜์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๊ต์œกยทํ›ˆ๋ จ์€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ž ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ˆ˜์š”์ž ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจํ˜•๊ณผ ์ „๋žต์ด ์ˆ˜์ •๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning์˜ ํ™•๋Œ€ ๋„์ž…์ด ์ ๊ทน ์ถ”์ง„๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ์ฃผ๋„ํ•™์Šต ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์ •์ฐฉ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋‹น๋ฉด๊ณผ์ œ์™€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•จ์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต์ˆ˜์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ์˜์—ญ-๋ถ„์„, ์„ค๊ณ„, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ์‹คํ–‰, ํ‰๊ฐ€-์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning ์ฒด์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์€ ๊ต์œก๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ, ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค์˜ ํ™•์ถฉ ์ •๋„, e-Learning ์šด์˜ ์ธ๋ ฅ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‹น๋ฉด๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ์ฝ”์Šค์›จ์–ด ์„ค๊ณ„ยท๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ์ธ๋ ฅ ํ™•์ถฉ, ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์— ์˜ํ•œ e-Learning ์šด์˜, ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ฒด์ œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ํ™œ์šฉ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ข…ํ•ฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning ๊ด€๋ จ ์ œ๋„์™€ ๋ฒ•๋ น์˜ ์ •๋น„, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ e-Learning ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค ํ™•์ถฉ๊ณผ ์–‘์งˆ์˜ ์ฝ”์Šค์›จ์–ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ํ™œ์šฉ, ์šด์˜์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ e-Learning์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ์ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ํ™•๋ณด ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์š”์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์š”์•ฝ๋œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning์˜ ๋‹น๋ฉด๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด ์‹ค์ฒœ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ณต๋ฌด์› e-Learning์€ ๊ฐ€์ƒ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ง€์‹๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Šฅ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ–‰์ •ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹œยท๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ดˆ์›”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ํ•™์Šต์ž์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ํ•™์Šต์ž์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ์ฃผ๋„ ํ•™์Šต์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ณต์ง์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์—…๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ–‰๊ณผ ์ •์ฑ…์ง‘ํ–‰์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๊ณตํ—Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค. In the knowledge-based society, the methods of teaching/learning are undergoing widespread reform in the school/corporate setting. One of them is to focus on utilization of e-learning system with information and communication technologies(ICTs). The purposes of the present study were to explore the current status of e-learning systems in officials training of public training agencies, to summarize challenges to solve for activating e-learning for officials' self-directed learning, and to command future directions of e-learning in public training institutes. Based upon a literature review and analysis of documents for e-learning systems in public training institutes, four challenging agendas for e-learning to solve were identified as follows: (1) development of an officials' competency model for designing proper e-learning coursewares, (2) recruitment and placement of the professional staff in the field of ICTs, (3) implementation of e-learning coursewares by professional tutors/facilitators, and (4) effective management of e-learning evaluation systems and proper use of evaluation results. Planning for activating officials' e-learning systems can be summarized as the following three aspects: (1) policy: the (re)establishment of systems and laws/ordinances on officials' e-learning; (2) development: infrastructure installment for e-learning systems and development/utilization of qualified coursewares for e-learning, and (3) management: building a sustainable e-learning culture and recruitment of the professional staff in the ICT fields. With answering challenges in the e-learning system, officials' e-learning systems in public training institutes can contribute to developing officials' core competencies through e-learning systems

    Exploring the Use of Flipped Learning for Experiential Character Education Linked to Subject and Museum Education

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๊ต๊ณผ์™€ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€๊ต์œก ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์ฒดํ—˜ํ˜• ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๊พธ๋กœ ํ•™์Šต์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ์„œ ๊ต๊ณผ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก, ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๊ฑฐ๊พธ๋กœ ํ•™์Šต๊ณผ ์ฒดํ—˜์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ์‹ค์ฒœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ค‘์ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ํ•™์Šต์ž์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์—…๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๊พธ๋กœ ๊ต์‹ค(flipped learning)์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ…Œํฌ๋†€๋กœ์ง€(technology)์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต์œก์  ์‹œยท๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ต์‹ค ๋‚ด์—์„œ ํ•œ์ •๋œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ต์‹ค ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒดํ—˜์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ๋ชจํ˜•(์ž๋ฃŒโ€ค์‚ฌ๋ก€)์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœโ€ค์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ต๊ณผ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ์ด๋ก ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ์ฒดํ—˜ํ˜• ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ฑฐ๊พธ๋กœ ํ•™์Šต์˜ ํ˜„์žฅ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ฑฐ๊พธ๋กœ ํ•™์Šต์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ (๋น„)๊ต๊ณผ์™€ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€๊ต์œก์„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•œ ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์‹œ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ํšจ๊ณผ์  ์‹ค์ฒœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์ˆ˜ยทํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต๊ณผ์™€ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€๊ต์œก์„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•œ ์ฒดํ—˜ํ˜• ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก์€ ๊ฑฐ๊พธ๋กœ ํ•™์Šต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์‹ค์ฒœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€๊ต์œก๊ณผ ํ˜„์žฅ์ฒดํ—˜์„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•œ ๊ต๊ณผ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ˜• ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒดํ—˜์ค‘์‹ฌ ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ์ˆ˜์—…์„ค๊ณ„์™€ ํ˜„์žฅ์‹ค์ฒœ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๋Š” ํ‰๊ฐ€์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.The purpose of the present study was to explore and to illustrate the instructional materials for subject-linked experiential character education that combines subject and museum experience. As a theoretical foundation of research, we have focused on research trend and issues of subject-linked character education, teaching and learning method for character education, and experiential character education method. In particular, as an efficient learner-centered teaching method, we have developed an experience-oriented character education model applying 'flipped learning', which is a method of expanding limited classes in the classroom out of the classroom by using 'technology' to relocate educational time and space. The results of the study are summarized as follows: Firstly, we explored the applicability of the flipped learning as an experiential character education method. Secondly, in the (non) subject curriculum, we developed the example materials of the character education in connection with the creative experiential activities applying the flipped learning and suggested the action plan. Lastly, we develop and illustrate the teaching materials for character education materials that link museum experience activities with classroom education. In conclusion, character education, which links museum experience activities and subject in the classroom, can be practiced through flipped learning. In order to revitalize subject-linked character education that combines field experience (museum) experience, we have proposed an evaluation study to verify the effect of teaching design and experience for character education with flipped learning

    College Students' Approaches to Writing Processes and Their Relation to Writing Performance: An Exploratory Study

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    ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง€์‹์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ ฅ ๊ณ„๋ฐœํ™œ๋™์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ต์ˆ˜ใ†ํ‰ ๊ฐ€์  ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ต์œก์€ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์ธ์ง€์ฃผ์˜ ๋ชจํ˜•์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆœ์ฐจ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์™€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋…ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ถ€๊ฐ๋˜ ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ ‘๊ทผ(approach to writing processes) ๋ชจํ˜•์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ ๋…(๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€? ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?)๊ณผ ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ „๋žต์„ ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์€ ์ €์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ๋…ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์‹ ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ๋…๊ณผ ์ „๋žต๋“ค์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋“ค ํƒœ๋„์š”์ธ์ด ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ์šธ์˜ ํ•œ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์‚ฌ๋ฆฝ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์— ์žฌํ•™ ์ค‘์ธ ํ•™์ƒ 303 ๋ช…์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ฌ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ(deep writing)๊ณผ ํ‘œ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ(surface writing)์„ ์ธ์ง€์™€ ์ •์„œ ์  ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”ํ•œ IPCC(the Inventory of Processes in College Composition)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜์™€ ์—์„ธ์ด ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ•์ขŒ ์„ฑ์ ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ ‘๊ทผ์€ 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ฌ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ(์“ฐ๊ธฐํšจ ๋Šฅ๊ฐ, ํ•™์Šต๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ, ๋…์ž๋ฏผ๊ฐ์„ฑ, ์˜๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์„ฑ, ๋ฐ˜์ถ”/๊ต์ • ์ ‘๊ทผ)๊ณผ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ‘œ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ(์ฆ‰ํฅ์„ฑ/๋ฌด๊ณ„ํš์„ฑ, ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋™๊ธฐ, ๊ทœ์น™์ค€์ˆ˜)์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹ฌ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์€ ๊ทœ์น™์ค€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ‘œ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์  ์ƒ๊ด€์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ํ•˜์œ„ ์š”์ธ ์ค‘ ๋ฐ˜์ถ”/๊ต์ • ์ ‘๊ทผ๊ณผ ๋…์ž๋ฏผ๊ฐ์„ฑ์€ ์—์„ธ์ด ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋ฌผ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐ˜์ถ”/๊ต์ • ์ ‘๊ทผ๊ณผ ๊ทœ์น™์ค€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ•์ขŒ ์ „์ฒด ์„ฑ์ ์„ ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ‘œ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์ธ ๊ทœ์น™์ค€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ•์ขŒ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ์˜ˆ ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์ด๋ก ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ ๋„ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ต์œกํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋…ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ต์œก์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์ด ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Writing has been employed as an valuable instructional and evaluative tool for enhancing knowledge production and thinking skills as well as academic communication at the context of higher education. While various programs for college writing are being provided, writing instruction is still conceptualized as an activity to teach sequential and independent skills and procedures based on the traditional cognitive model of writing. Recently, the approach-to-writing model is receiving attention as an alternative model for explaining writing processes, which assumes that in order to improve students' writing performance, their beliefs and understanding of writing processes (e. g. What is writing? For what purposes do we write?), identity as a writer, and writing strategies they use should be modified first. Based on this notion, this study aims to explore college students' different approaches to writing and to analyze the relation between writing approaches and writing performance. To this end, a total of 303 students who were enrolled at a private university participated in the study. The Inventory of Process in College Composition (IPCC) was administered to the students and the relation of the scale scores of IPCC with the quality of essay writing and course grades were analyzed. As a result, five factors constituting a deep approach (writing efficacy, writing as a learning tool, reader sensitivity, meaning-making, and reflection/revisionist) and three factors representing a surface approach (spontaneity/no plan, extrinsic motivation, and rule-bound) were identified. All deep approaches were negatively correlated with all other surface approaches except for the rule-bound orientation. Reader sensitivity and reflection/revisionist approach predicted the quality of essay, while reflection/revisionist and rule-bound approaches were predictive of course grades. Based on the findings, pedagogical implications for college writing were suggested

    Importance-Performance Analysis on College Students' Conceptions of Academic Ethics

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    ์ง€์‹๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์„ฑ์ˆ™๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•™๋ฌธ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ž„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์œค๋ฆฌ์›์น™ ๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์–‘์‹์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์œค๋ฆฌ ํ™•๋ฆฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹ค์ฒœ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์Šต์œค๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์ธ์‹์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌยท๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ K๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์žฌํ•™์ƒ 183(๋‚จ: 142, ์—ฌ: 41)๋ช…์ด๋ฉฐ, ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋Š” โ€˜ํ•™์Šต์œค๋ฆฌโ€™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜ ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ž‘์„ฑ, ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋„์šฉ, ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฌผ ๊ตฌ๋งค ๋“ฑ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ค‘๋ณต์ œ์ถœ๊ณผ ์งœ๊น๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ ์ธ์‹์˜ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ํ•™์Šต ์œค๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹คํ–‰๋„(์ค€์ˆ˜์ •๋„)์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ž‘์„ฑ, ์ค‘๋ณต์ œ์ถœ, ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฌผ ๊ตฌ๋งค ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ๋†’๊ฒŒ(์ฆ‰, ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ) ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์งœ๊น๊ธฐ์™€ ํ‘œ์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹คํ–‰๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„์™€ ์‹คํ–‰๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์ค‘๋ณต์ œ์ถœ, ์งœ๊น๊ธฐ, ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฌผ ๊ตฌ ๋งค, ํ‘œ์ ˆ, ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ž‘์„ฑ์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•™์Šต์œค๋ฆฌ ์œ„๋ฐ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” โ€˜๋” ์ข‹์€ ํ•™์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•์‹ฌโ€™, โ€˜์‹œ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑโ€™, โ€˜์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑโ€™์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ํ•™์—…์ˆ˜ํ–‰(์ถœ์„, ํ˜‘๋™๊ณผ์ œ, ์‹œํ—˜ ๋“ฑ) ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํ•™์Šต์œค๋ฆฌ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์‹œํ—˜, ์‹œํ—˜๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„, ๋ฌด์ž„์Šน์ฐจ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋†’์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ถœ์„๊ณผ ๋ฌด๋‹จ์กฐํ‡ด๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋“ค ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹คํ–‰๋„์—์„œ๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„-์‹คํ–‰๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ถœ์„, ๋ฌด๋‹จ์กฐํ‡ด, ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ํ•™์Šต์œค๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„์™€ ์‹คํ–‰๋„ ์ฐจ์ด ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ค‘์š”๋„๋Š” ๋†’์œผ๋‚˜ ์‹คํ–‰๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์•ฝ์  ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘์ค‘๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ โ€˜ํ‘œ์ ˆโ€™, โ€˜์œ„์กฐโ€™, โ€˜๋ณ€์กฐโ€™๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„์™€ ์‹คํ–‰๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ•์  ํŠน์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” โ€˜๊ณผ์ œ๋ฌผ ๊ตฌ๋งคโ€™, โ€˜๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ž‘์„ฑโ€™, โ€˜์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋„์šฉโ€™๊ณผ โ€˜๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์‹œํ—˜โ€™, โ€˜๋ฌด์ž„์Šน์ฐจโ€™, โ€˜์‹œํ—˜๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„โ€™๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„์™€ ์‹คํ–‰๋„์˜ ์ธ์‹ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ โ€˜์งœ๊น๊ธฐโ€™๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ โ€˜๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ถœ์„โ€™, โ€˜๋ฌด๋‹จ์กฐํ‡ดโ€™ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹คํ–‰๋„๋Š” ๋น„๊ต์  ๋†’์€ ํˆฌ์ž ๋ฐ ์ง‘์ค‘๋„ ์กฐ์ ˆ์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์  ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—๋Š” โ€˜์ค‘๋ณต์ œ์ถœโ€™ ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Nowadays โ€˜academic honesty/academic integrity' becomes an important issue in the research community. The issue of โ€˜academic ethicsโ€™ is particularly relevant to college students. The purpose of the present study was to analyze college students' conceptions of โ€˜academic ethics'. For this purpose, one hundred eighty-three (142 males and 41 female) college students were recruited from K University in Seoul. The survey instrument used for the study consisted of thirteen questions regarding academic ethics. The results of the study were summarized as follows: First, the college students reported high importance in compliance with the items of agency creating, idea stealing, and homework buying, but they reported lower importance on the items of weaves in writing and duplicate submission. Second, students also reported high importance in compliance with the items of surrogate test, test cheating, and free riding in homeworks, but they reported lower importance on the items of valet attendance and unauthorized leaving early. For the items of performance, compliance scores showed a similar trend. Lastly, the results of the importance-performance analysis showed that the items of academic ethics in the 'concentrate' area were 'plagiarism', 'fake', and 'modulation', respectively. In conclusion, plagiarism as a violation of academic ethics may occur when students don't know how to appropriately quote from resources. In order to establish 'academic ethics' code for college students in university, we should design, develop, and implement appropriate courses such as 'research ethics,' 'academic writing,' etc
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