39 research outputs found
Vanadate์ฒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์ข ์์ธํฌ์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์์ฑ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ํฅ
์ํ๊ณผ/๋ฐ์ฌ[์๋ฌธ]
[ํ๊ธ]
์์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์น๋ฃ๋ ์ธ๊ณผ์ ์น๋ฃ์ ๋๋ถ์ด ๊ตญ์์น๋ฃ๋ฒ์ ํ๋์ด๋ค. ์์น๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ํ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ
์ ์กฐ์ฌ๋์ ์ฃผ์ ์ ์์กฐ์ง์ ์์์ ์ต์ํํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ ํ๋์ด ์๋ ๋จ์ ์ด ์๋ค. ์ด๋ฅผ
๊ทน๋ณตํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ์์ธํฌ์๋ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ํ ์ํค๊ณ ์ ์์กฐ์ง์ ์์์ ์ต์ํ ํ๋
๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด ๊พธ์คํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋๊ณ ์๋๋ฐ ์ด๋ค ์ค ํ๋๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์์ ์ด๋ค.
์ธํฌ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ์กฐ์ ํ๊ณ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์ ์ํ ์์ํ ์ฌ์์ ์ข์ฐํ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ด๋ฐ ์ธํฌ๋ด์ ์กด
์ฌํ๋ ์ด์จ์ ์ญํ ์ด ํฌ๋ค. ์ด์ ๊ฐ์ ์ฌ์ค์ ์ต๊ทผ์ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ์ต์ ์ ์ธ oua
bain์ A549 ์์ธํฌ์์ ์ฒ๋ฆฌํ๋ฏ๋ก์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ป์๋ค๋ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋ก์ ๋ท๋ฐ์นจ์ด ๋
์๋ค. Ouabain์ cardiac glycoside๋ก Na**+ -K**+ -pump๋ฅผ ์ต์ ํ์ฌ ์ธํฌ์ง ๋ด์ ์ด์จ
๊ฐ์ด๋ฐ Na**+ ๋๋๋ฅผ ์ฌ๋ฆฐ๋ค. ๋ฐ๋ผ์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์์์ฉ์ด ์ด๋ค ์ด์จ๋ณํ์ ๊ธฐ์ธํ๋ค๊ณ ๋ณด
์๋ค.
Vanadate๋ ouabain๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ์ต์ ์ ๋ก ์๋ฌผ์ฒด์ ๋ฏธ๋์ผ๋ก ์กด์ฌํ๋ฉฐ
๋
์ฑ์ด ์ ์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์๋ ค์ง ๋ฌผ์ง์ด๋ค. ์ด์ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ์ต์ ์ ์ธ va
nadate์ ouabain์ด A549 ์์ธํฌ๋ฟ๋ง์ด ์๋๋ผ ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ข
๋ฅ์ ์์์๋ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์์์ฉ์ด
์๋์ง๋ฅผ ํ์ธ ๋น๊ตํ๊ณ , ์ฝ์ ์ฒ๋ฆฌ์ ์ํ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ํ์ฑ๋์ ๋ณํ์ ๊ฐ์์
๋์ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ์ฌ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase์ต์ ์ ๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์์ ๊ด๋ จ์ด ์๋์ง๋ฅผ ํ์ธ
ํ๊ณ ์ ธ ํ์๋ค. ๋์์ vanadate๊ฐ ouabain๋ณด๋ค ์ฅ์ ์ด ์๋๊ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ์ ํ์๋ค. ์ข
์์ธ
ํฌ A549(์ฌ๋) ๋ฐ L1210(๋ง์ฐ์ค)๊ณผ, ์ ์์ธํฌ์ธ JMG (์ฌ๋) ๋ฐ ๋น์ฅ์ธํฌ(๋ง์ฐ์ค)์ Na**+
-K**+ -ATPase ์ต์ ์ ์ธ vanadateํน์ ouabain์ ์ ์ฒ๋ฆฌ์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์กฐ์ฌ๋ฅผ ํ์ฌ ๋ค์๊ณผ ๊ฐ
์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ป์๋ค.
1. ์ํ๊ด๋ด ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์ ์ํ ์ธํฌ๊ฐ์์ฑ์ ์ธํฌ์ฃผ ๋ณ๋ก ๊ทธ ๊ฐ์์ฑ์ด ๋ฌ๋ผ L1210์์ ๊ฐ
์ฅ ๊ฐ์์ฑ์ด ๋์๊ณ ๊ทธ๋ค์ ๋น์ฅ์ธํฌ, JMG ์์์๊ณ A549์์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๊ฐ์์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ์๋ค.
2. Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ์ต์ ์ ์ฒ๋ฆฌ ์์ฒด์ ์ธํฌ๋
์ฑ ํจ๊ณผ๋ 10**-6 M ์ดํ์ ๋๋์์
๋ฌด์ํ ์ ๋๋ก ๋ฎ์๊ณ ํนํ vanadate ์ฒ๋ฆฌ์ ์ํ ๊ฒํฌ ๋
์ฑ์ ์ธ์ ํ ์ ์์๋ค.
3. Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ์ต์ ์ ์ ์ฒ๋ฆฌ์ ์ํ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์์ฑ์ ์ฆ๊ฐํจ๊ณผ๋ A549์ ๊ฒฝ
์ฐ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๋์ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌํ์ฌ ์ด๊ด์ ์ผ๋ก๋ ๊ฐ์ํจ๊ณผ ๋ณํ๋ ์ ์์ฑ์ด ์ ์์ผ๋ ์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์ธ 2G
y-4Gy์์ ์ฝ์ ์ ์ฒ๋ฆฌ์ ์ํ ๊ฐ์ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ธ์ ํ ์ ์์๊ณ ์ ์์ธํฌ์ธ JMG์์๋ ์ ์
ํ ๊ฐ์ํจ๊ณผ๋ ๊ด์ฐฐ๋์ง ์์๋ค. ์ด์ ๋ฐํด L1210์์๋ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๋์ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌํ ๊ฐ๊ตฐ์์ ๋ฐฉ
์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ธ์ ํ ์ ์์์ผ๋ฉฐ,๋์กฐ ์ธํฌ์ธ ์ ์ ๋น์ฅ์ธํฌ์์๋ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์์ฑ ์ฆ
๊ฐ๊ฐ ๊ด์ฐฐ๋์์ผ๋ ๊ทธ ์ ๋๋ L1210 ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๋ณด๋ค ์์๋ค. Vanadate์ ouabain์ ๊ฐ์ํจ๊ณผ์
์ฐจ์ด๋ A549์์ vanadate๊ฐ ouabain๋ณด๋ค ๊ฐ์ํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ์ปธ๊ณ ๊ทธ์ธ์ ์ธํฌ์์๋ ๋ ์ฝ์ ๊ฐ
์ ์ ์ํ ์ฐจ์ด๋ ๊ด์ฐฐ๋์ง ์์๋ค.
4. Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ํ์ค๋์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ํฅ์ ๋น๊ตํ ๋ ํนํ vanadate ์ฒ๋ฆฌํ ๋ชจ๋
์ธํฌ์์ Na**+ -K**+-ATPase ํ์ฑ๋ ์ ํ๊ฐ ์์์ผ๋ฉฐ ouabain ์ฒ๋ฆฌ๋ L1210๋ฐ ๋น์ฅ์ธํฌ
์์ ์ต์ ํจ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ด์ฐฐํ์๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ์ต์ ์ ํจ๊ณผ๋ ์์ธํฌ์ ๋ณด๋ค ์ปค์ ์์ธํฌ์ธ A549์
L1210์์ ํ์ฑ๋์ ์ ํ๋ ์ ์์ธํฌ๋ณด๋ค ์ ์ํ๊ฒ ์ปธ๋ค.
5. ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์กฐ์ฌ ์์ฒด๋ง์ผ๋ก๋ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ํ์ฑ๋๋ ๊ฐ์ํ์์ผ๋ ์๋๋ถํฐ Na*
*+ -K**+ -ATPase๋๋๊ฐ ๋ฎ์ ์ ์์ธํฌ JMG์์๋ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์กฐ์ฌ๋ก ์ธํ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPas
e ํ์ฑ๋์ ๋ ์ด์์ ๊ฐ์๋ ์์๋ค. Vanadateํน์ ouabain์ผ๋ก ์ ์ฒ๋ฆฌํ L1210์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ
๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์ ๋จ๋
์กฐ์ฌํ์๋๋ณด๋ค Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ํ์ฑ๋์ ๋ถ๊ฐ์ ๊ฐ์๊ฐ ์์๊ณ ์ด๋
์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์ํจ๊ณผ๋ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ํ์ฑ๋ ์ ํ์ ์ ๋๊ฐ ๋ฎ์ ๋น์ฅ์ธํฌ๋ณด๋ค ์ปธ
๋ค. ์ด๋ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase ์ต์ ์ ์ ์ํ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์ํจ๊ณผ์ ๊ฒฐ์ ์์ธ์ ํ๋๋ก ๊ฐ
์ธํฌ์ ๊ธฐ์ค Na**+ -K**+ -ATPaseํ์ฑ๋์ ๊ณ ์ ์ ๊ด๋ จ์ด ์์์ ์์ฌํด์ฃผ๊ณ ์๋ค.
์ด์์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase์ต์ ์ ์ธ vanadate๊ทธ ์์ฒด๋ ์ธํฌ๋
์ฑ์ด ๊ฑฐ์ ์์ผ๋ฉฐ
์ด ์ฝ์ ์ ์ ์ฒ๋ฆฌ๋ ์์ธํฌ์ ๋ํ .๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์์ ๋ก ์์ฉํ๊ณ ๊ทธ ํจ๊ณผ๋ ouabain๋ณด๋ค ์ฐ
์ํ์๋ค. Vanadate๋ ๋ณธ๋์ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase๋๋๊ฐ ๋์ ์์ธํฌ์ Na**+ -K**+ -AT
Pase์ต์ ์์ฉ์ด ์์ผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฌํ ํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ ์์ธ์์ ์ถ์ ํ ์ ์์๊ณ
์์ธํฌ์ Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase์ ํ์ฑ๋๊ฐ ์ ์์ธํฌ๋ณด๋ค ํฐ ์ ์ ๊ณ ๋ คํ ๋ vanadate๊ฐ
์ ์์ธํฌ๋ณด๋ค ์์ธํฌ์ ๊ฐ์์ ๋ก ์ฐ์ผ ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ๋ฃ๋๋ค.
Enhanced Radiosensitivity of Tumor Cells Treated with Vanadate In Vitro
Myung Za Lee
Department of Medical science The Graduate School, Yonsei University
(Directed by Professor Won Young Lee, Sc.D)
Although radiation therapy has been known to be an important tool as a local
treatment along with surgical methods, total radiation dose for the tumor has to be
limited due to consequential damages to the surrounding normal tissues. Thus,
intensive studies to increase the radiation cytotoxicity of the tumor and to
minimize normal tissue damage have been the major research field.
Intracellular ions which are major sectors in regulating cellular function have
been reported to affect repair of cellular damages by radiation. Recently it has
been reported that ouabain sensitizes A549 tumor cells but not CCL-120 normal cells
to radiation. Ouabain inhibits the Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase rapidly, and thus increases
intracellular Na**+ concentration. Vanadate, which is distributed extensively in
almost all living organs in trace amount, is also a strong inhibitor of Na**+ -K**+
-ATPase.
In this study, the effects of vanadate as well as ouabain on tumor cell
cytotoxicity to radiation was studied to clarify whether vanadate is a
radiosensitizer for tumer cells in vitro. The relationship between Na**+ -K**+
-ATPase activity and radiosensitization was also studied.
A human lung adenocarcinoma cell line(A549) and a mouse leukemic cell line(L1210)
were used as tumor target cells and a secondary human fibroblast line(JMG) and
normal mouse splenocytes were used as control cells. These cells were treated with
vanadate or ouabain in sublethal concentration(10**-6 M) and irradiated in variable
doses. Thereafter, cellular survivals were calculated by MTT and dye exclusion
tests respectively. Finally, the changes in Na**+ -K** -ATPase activities of the
cells by the treatments with the agents and/or agents combined urith radiation were
analyzed in comparison with the radiosensitivities of the cells.
The results are summarized as follows.
Without any treatments, the cells of different origins responded variably to the
radiation. Although, at the concentration of 10**-6 M, both the vanadate and
ouabain did not affect the survival of the cells regardless of their origin,
vanadate was not toxic at even higher concentration of 10**-4 M.
The overall changes in radiesensitivity of A549 were not much significant by
treatment with either vanadate or ouabain. however, it was noted that the agents
preferentially sensitized tumor cells especially when survival of A549 was compared
with that of JMG which did not responded to either of the agents. The differential
function were maximized when the radiation dose were lowered to 2 Gy-4 Gy.
Although the agents enhanced the radiosensitivity of both L1210 and normal spleen
cells, the extent of the effect was greater on L1210, tumor cells, than that on
normal spleen cells.
The difference between vanadate and ouabain in radiosensitization was not
significant in all of the cells except A549 for which vanadate was found to be
better sensitizer.
Vanadate treatment indiscriminately inhibited the activities of Na**+ -K**+
-ATPase of all the cells, whereas ouabain inhibited that of L1210 and spleen cells
only. Beth agents preferentially inhibited the enzyme activities of tumor cells
compared to their normal partner cells. The radiation itself also found to be
inhibitory to the enzyme activities whereas the enzyme activity in cells of normal
JMG were not affected.
The inhibitory effect on Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase activity was further enhanced when
each of the treatments, vanadate or ouabain, was combined with radiation,
especially in the experiments with L1210.
The inhibitions of Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase activities of the cells were found to be
closely associated with the enhanced radiosensitivities of the cells.
In conclusion, it was suggested that vanadate along with ouabain could be used as
a potential agent for the radiosensitization. And the inhibitory effect of vanadate
on Na**+ -K**+ -ATPase activities of tumor cells might be one of the contributing
factors for the enhanced radiosensitivity of the cells in vitro.restrictio
Studies on the selective medium for the isolation of vibrio vulnificus
/์์ฌ[ํ๊ธ]
Vibrio vulnificus๋ ์ฌ๋์๊ฒ ๋ณ์์ฑ์ธ Vibroi์ ์ ์ข
์ด๋ค. ์ด ์ธ๊ท ์ ์ ํ๋ ๊ฐ ์งํ์ ๊ฐ์ง ํ์์ ํจํ์ฆ์ ์ผ์ผํจ๋ค. ์ด ์ธ๊ท ์ ํด์์ ์กด์ฌํ๊ณ ๋ ์์ ์ ์ญ์์ด๋ ์ฐฝ์์ ์ค์ผ์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ์ผ๋๋ค. ์ด ์ธ๊ท ์ Vibrio parahaemolyticus์ ๊ตฌ๋ณํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ฏ๋ก ์์ ๊ฒ์ฒด๋ก๋ถํฐ์ ์ด ์ธ๊ท ์ ๋ถ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ V. parahaemolyticus๋ก ์๋ชป ๋์ ๋ ์ ์ด ์๋ค.
์ด ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์๋ ํต์์ ์ธ Vibrio ๋ถ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ธ TCBS์ ์ค์ฉ์ ์ํด V. vulnificus๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋ฆฌํ ์ ์๋์ง ์ํํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ V. vulnificus๋ V. parahaemolyticus์ ์ง๋ฝ ํํ๊ฐ ์ ์ฌํ๋ฏ๋ก ๊ทธ ์ง๋ฝ์ ์ฐพ์๋ด๊ธฐ๋ ์ด๋ ต๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐ๋์๋ค. V. vulnificus์ ์ ํ๋ฐฐ์ง๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค๊ธฐ ์ํ ๊ธฐ์ด ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ก ์์์ด์จ ๋ด์ฆ ๋ฐ ์์ผ ๋๋์ V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง๊ณ ๋ V. vulnificus์ ์ ํ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ๋ฆฌํด๋ผ ์ ์์๋ค.
lactose๋ salicin์ ์ฒจ๊ฐํ ๋ฐฐ์ง๋ arabinose์ sucrose๋ฅผ ์ฒจ๊ฐํ ๊ฐ๋ณ๋ฐฐ์ง๋ V. vlunificus๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋ณํ ์ ์์๋ค. V. vulnificus์ YS ๊ท ์ฃผ๊ฐ ์ด๋ ๋ฐฐ์ง์์๋ ์ฐ ์์ฑ ๋ฐ์์ ๋ํ๋ด์ง ์์ ๋ฐ๋ฉด์ WK ๊ท ์ฃผ๋ 1% lactose๋ณด๋ค 2% lactose ๋ฐฐ์ง์์ ๋ค์ ๋๋ ทํ ์ฐ ์์ฑ ๋ฐ์์ ๋ณด์๋ค. peptone ์์ 0.2%๋ก ์ค์์ผ๋ก์จ WK ๊ท ์ฃผ๋ ๋ค์ ํ์คํ ์ฐ ์์ฑ ๋ฐ์์ ๋ณด์์ผ๋ YS ๊ท ์ฃผ๋ ๋ฐ์์ ๋ณด์ด์ง ์์๋ค.
์ด ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ก๋ถํฐ TCBS ์ฑ๋ถ์ sucrose ๋์ lactose๋ก ๋์ฒดํ๊ณ peptone์ ์์ 0.2%๋ก ์ค์์ผ๋ก์จ ์ฐ ์์ฑ ๋ฐ์์ด ๋น ๋ฅธ V. vulnificus ๊ท ์ฃผ๋ ๊ฒ์ถ๋ ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์๊ฐ๋๋ ์ด ๋ฐฐ์ง์ ํด์๋ ํด์ฐ๋ฌผ์์์ V. vulnificus ๊ฐ๋ณ๋ฅ์ ์ค์ ์คํ์ ์ํด ์์ผ๋ก ํ๊ฐ๋์ด์ผ ํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
[์๋ฌธ]
Vibrio vulnificus is a nu species of vibrio pathogenic to man. This organism causes septicemia in patients with underlying liver diseases. The organism is present in sea water and the infection results from ingestion of fish or from contamination of wound. This organism is difficult to differentiate from V. parahaemolyticus. Hence isolates of the organism from clinical materials have often been mistakenly identified as V. parahaemolyticus.
In this study practicability of isolation of V. vulnificus by the use of conventional TCBS medium were evaluated. It was found that it is impractical to search colonies of V. vulnificus among the morphologically similar V.
parahaemolyticus colonies.
From tee basic study to prepare a selective medium for V. vulnificus it was found that different concentrations of hydrogen ion, bile, and sodium chloride did not selectively suppress V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus or enrich V.
vulnificus.
Differential media prepared by adding lactose or salicin and by adding arabinose plus sucrose dud not differentiate these three organisms.
WK strain of V. vlunificus showed slightly better acid reaction on medium with 2% lactose than on 1% lactose medium, whole YS strain did not show any reaction on this media. By decreasing peptone contentration to 0.2% WK strain showed slightly stronger acid reaction, but YS strain did net show any reaction.
From this study it is concluded that substituting, from TCBS formula, lactose for sucrose and decreasing peptone concentration to 0.2%, V. vulnificus strain with rapid acid production only can be detected. The performance of the medium awaits farther evaluation by field trial.prohibitio
(The) effect of 5-FU and radiation on A549 cells in vitro
์ํ๊ณผ/์์ฌ[ํ๊ธ]
์ธ์ฒด์ ํ์์์ ์ ๋๋ ๋ฐฐ์์ ์ธํฌ A549๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๋ฐ 5-FU์ ๋ณ์ฉ์๋ฒ์ ์ํ ์์ธํฌ ์ฑ์ฅ์ต์ ํจ๊ณผ์ ๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ์ ํ์ ํญ์ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ผ์์ฒด ๋ฐฐ์์ฑ ํน์ฑ์ผ๋ก ๊ด์ฐฐํ์๋ค. ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๋์ 300rad, 600rad ๋ฐ 900rad๋ก ์กฐ์ฌํ์๊ณ ์ด๋ฅผ 5-FU๋ฅผ ๋ณ์ฉํ ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๋จ๋
์ฒ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฐ์ผ๋ก ๋๋์ด ์คํํ์๋ค. ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ ๋๋๋ฅผ 0.4ฮผg/ใ๋ก 24์๊ฐ ์ฒ๋ฆฌํ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 57.5%์ ์ฑ์ฅ์ต์ ์จ์ ๋ณด์๋ค. ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์กฐ์ฌํ 24์๊ฐ ๊ฐ๊ฒฉ์ผ๋ก 5์ผ๊น์ง์ ์ฑ์ฅ์ต์ ์จ์ ๊ด์ฐฐํ์ฌ ์ฑ์ฅ์ต์ ๋ฅผ ํ์ ํ์๋ค. ๊ทธํ ์์ข
์ธํฌ์ ์ผ์์ฒด ๋ฐฐ์์ฑ ํน์ฑ์ ๊ด์ฐฐํ๊ธฐ ์ํ
์ฌ 300red์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์กฐ์ฌ, 0.4ฮผg/ใ7์ 5-FU ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ฐ ์ด ๋์ ๋ณ์ฉํ์ฌ metaphase์์์ ์ผ์์ฒด ํ๋ณธ์ ์ ์ํ์๋ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๊ณผ 5-FU๋ฅผ ๋์์ ์ฒ๋ฆฌํ์์ ๋ A549 ์ธํฌ์ ์ฑ์ฅ์ต์ ํจ๊ณผ๋ ์ฆ๊ฐ๋์๊ณ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์ด๋ 5-FU ์ฒ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ์ด ๊ธธ์๋ก ์ฑ์ฅ์ต์ ์จ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ๋์๋ค. ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๋จ๋
์กฐ์ฌ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๋ฐ 5-FU์ฒ๋ฆฌ๊ตฐ์ ๋น๊ตํ์์ ๋ ์ธํฌ ์์กด๊ณก์ ์ ์ ํ์๋ ๋ ๊ตฐ๊ฐ์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ ํ ์ ์์๋ค ์ด๋ ๋ ์ฒ์น๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์์ธํฌ ์ฑ์ฅ์ต์ ํจ์จ์๋ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ ์์์ ์์ฌํ์๋ค. ๋ํ ๋ ์ฒ์น ๋ฐฉ๋ฒํ ์์กด์ธํฌ์ ์ผ์์ฒด ๋ฐฐ์์ฑ ํน์ฑ์ด ๋ ๊ตฐ์์ ๋ชจ๋ diploid์ดํ์ ์ธํฌ๊ฐ ์ ํญ์ธํฌ๋ก ๋จ์์์์ผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ ๋ ๊ฐ์ง ํญ์์ฒ์น๋(๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ , 5-FU) ์์ธํฌ์ค ๋์ผ ์ธํฌ๊ตฐ์ ํ์ ์ผ๋ก ํ๊ณ ์์์ ์์ฌํ๋ค.
์์กด์ธํฌ์ ์ผ์์ฒด ๋ถํฌ๋ 300rad์ ์ฌ์ ์กฐ์ฌ๋ก 2๋ฐฐ์ฒด ์ด์์ ๊ตฐ์ด ์ ํ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ค์ด 2๋ฐฐ์ฒด ์ดํ์ ์์ฌ ์ง๋จ์ด ํ์ฑ๋์๋ค. 300rad์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๋์ ํ๋ฒ ๋ ์กฐ์ฌํ์์ ๋ 2๋ฐฐ์ฒด ์ดํ์ ์ง๋จ์ด ๋ ๋ง์์ก๋ค. 5-FU ์ฒ๋ฆฌ ํ์๋ 2๋ฐฐ์ฒด ์ด์์ ์ง๋จ์ด ๊ฐ์ํ๋ ํ์์ ๋ณด์๋ค. 5-FU์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์ ๊ฐ์ด ์ฒ๋ฆฌํ์์ ๋๋ 2๋ฐฐ์ฒด ์ด์์ด ํ์ ํ ๊ฐ์ํ์ฌ 2๋ฐฐ์ฒด ์ดํ๊ตฐ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ๋์๊ณ ํนํ 1โผ10๊ฐ์ ์ผ์์ฒด ์๊ฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ๋์๋ค.
์ ์คํ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ก 5-FU์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ๋จ๋
์กฐ์ฌ ๋ฐ 5-FU์ ๋ฐฉ์ฌ์ ์กฐ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณ์ฉํ์์ ๋ ์ผ์์ฒด์ ๋ฐฐ์์ฑ์ ๋ณํ์์์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ ํ์ ์ง๋จ์ด ๊ฐ์์ ์ถ์ ํ ์ ์์๋ค.
[์๋ฌธ]
Effects of ionizing radiation alone and combined with chemotherapy on tumor growth and it's clonal specificity monitored by changes in distibution of chromosome number were studied in A549 cell line originated from human adenocarcinoma of the lung.
Radiation (300 rad, 600 rad and 900 rad) were delivered with or without 5-FU. Forty eight hrs later, 57.5% of growth inhibition of cell was seen in cells treated with 5-FU concentration of 0.4ฮผg/ใ) for 24 hr exposure. Cell survival curvival curves after radiation with and without 5-FU were made. Chromosomal analysis of cells in metaphase in contorl, and in cells treated with 300 rad of radiation, or 0.41 ฮผg/ใ of 5-FU treatment, and combined treatment of both were done to examine the changes in plodidy and number of chromosome.
Radiation combined wish 5-7U enhanced growth inhibition of A549 cells. However, evidence of synergegic effect in growth inhibition was observed in the cells treated with the combination therapy.
Patterns of chromosomal distribution of survived cells were shifted from hyperdiploidy to hypodiploidy by single dose of radiation(300 rad). As radiation dose increased a large number of hypodiploidy cells were observed. Following treatment of cells with 5-FU, chromosomal distribution of survived cell were also
shifted to hypodiploidy, which were seen in cells treated with radiation. The cell treated with 5-FU and followed by radation within 24hrs had cell with increased number of hypodiploid cells.
Almost same type of chmosomal changes were reproduced in cells treated with combined treatment wish radiation and 5-FU. Minor differences were that cells with fewer number of chromosome were more frequent in cells treated with combined therapy. Further increase in cells of hypoploidy(93%) having 1-10 chromosome were
induced by additional radiation. Therefore, the enhanced therapeutic effect of 5-FU combined with radiation on A549 cells appeared to be additive rather than synergystic.restrictio
A Study on the Theater during Military Government(1945~1948) and Its Implications for modernity
This study analyzed the comparison of the problems to deal with JeokSan
Theater(return properties) which was at the center of heated debate in
relation to the theater policies in South and North Koreas at the time of the
military government through the theater where was the space of the
formation of policies, industries and cultures, the films which were projected
in theaters in Seoul and Pyeongyang, and the projecting method, and the
implication.
During U.S. military government period, the theaters in Seoul amounted
to 18 theaters by increasing gradually from 16 theaters. Here, the theaters
were the spaces where plays, musical dramas, entertainments along with
films were shown, and the screening rates of foreign films were high. U.S.
movies in also foreign films occupied the theaters by being distributed
almost exclusively through Central Film Distributor which U.S. military
government established. U.S. movies of action, melo, comedies, which were
selected as the movies suitable for the occupying nation, played a
prominent part in organizing its own countrys image - the strong and
beautiful U.S. - which U.S. wanted to spread to foreign countries.
During Soviet military government, the theaters in Pyeongyang increased
gradually after starting with 6 theaters. Though plays, musical dramas, operas were shown simultaneously in the theaters as well as in South
Korea, the concept of a movie theater and a performance hall began to be
separated gradually. when the movie supply from South Korea was blocked
because of the 38th parallel, Soviet movies occupied most theaters in
Pyeongyang. Soviet movies showed the results of socialist modernization
such as Soviet change after socialism, kolkhoz, cooperative labor,
industrialization.
Under the influence of U.S. military government and U.S. culture, South
Korea got more deeply in competition and capitalization, and got used
gradually to U.S. culture every day through U.S. movies. In contrast to the
theaters in South Korea placed on the market principle of capitalism, the
theaters in North Korea gave commercial activities a wide berth according
as they were nationalized and focused on the role of the culture under
socialism which Soviet required. The images of U.S. and Soviet which the
movies showed became a barometer for people in Korea to image the
modern national culture.๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ 2008๋
๋ ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ํต์ผํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋น ์ง์์ ์ํด ์ํ๋ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์