35 research outputs found

    (A) study to identify learning needs in postpartum mothers to develop postpartum learning materials

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    ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์•„์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์š”๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ์ฆ๋Œ€๋˜๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ๋„ ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์— ๋ถ€์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ์„ฑ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ž์  ์—ญํ• ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฐํ›„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ์•„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€์˜ ๊ต์œก์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์‹œ๋„๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒซ์งธ, ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฐํ›„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‘˜์งธ, ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€์˜ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์…‹์งธ, ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฐ๋ชจ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™๋ณ‘์›๊ณผ 1๊ฐœ์˜ ์ข…ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์›์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ 1992๋…„ 4์›” 7์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 4์›”30์ผ ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด 24์ผ๋™์•ˆ ์ค€๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘์„ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„ ์ •๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋งž๋Š” ์ž…์›ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€ 58๋ช…๊ณผ ํ‡ด์›ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์š•๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฐ๋ชจ 44๋ช…์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€์˜ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ๋Š” Davis ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ ํƒ€๋‹น๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜ 3์ธ, 10๋…„์ด์ƒ ๋ชจ์„ฑ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์™€ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ์‹ค๋ฌด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ ์ด์ƒ 4์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ ๊ต์œก๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ž๋ฌธ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๋งˆ๋ จ๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ „์‚ฐ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ˆ˜,๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ,x**-test ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ต์œก๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์ง• (1) ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ น์€ 26์„ธ - 30์„ธ๊ฐ€ 52.0%๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ 55.9%๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์กธ์—…์˜ ํ•™๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๊ณ , 75.5%๊ฐ€ ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ 74.5%๊ฐ€ ํ•ต๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐํ›„ ์กฐ๋ฆฌ์‹œ ์นœ์ •์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 64.7%๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. (2) ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์‚ฐ๊ณผ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ดˆ์‚ฐ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ 65.7%,์œ ์‚ฐ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฐ๋ชจ๋„ 38.2% ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ˆ˜์œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์ˆ˜์œ ๊ฐ€ 39.5%๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. (3) ์ดˆ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ ์š”๊ตฌ๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค(p<,05). 2. ์‚ฐํ›„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฐํ›„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 14๊ฐœ ๋ฌธํ•ญ์˜ ๊ต์œก๋‚ด์šฉ ์ค‘์— ์‚ฐํ›„ ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ 65.57%๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์–ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ์ด ํ›—๋ฐฐ(์‚ฐํ›„ํ†ต) ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ 44.32%๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ธ๊ณต์ˆ˜์œ ์‹œ ์œ ๋ฐฉ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 41.57%, ์‚ฐ๋ชจ์˜ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‹œ ์ฃผ์˜์ ์ด 37.43%, ์‚ฐํ›„ ์งˆ๋ถ„๋น„๋ฌผ(์˜ค๋กœ)๊ด€์ฐฐ๋ฒ•์ด 35.77%, ์‚ฐํ›„ ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 34.32%, ์‚ฐํ›„ ์šด๋™๋ฒ•์ด 26.61%, ๋ณ€๋น„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด 20.58%, ํ”ผ์ž„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด 19.95%, ์‚ฐํ›„ ์˜์–‘์„ญ์ทจ๋ฒ•์ด 13.16%, ์‚ฐํ›„ ํšŒ์Œ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ถ€์œ„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 12.75%, ๋ชจ์œ ์ˆ˜์œ ์‹œ ์œ ๋ฐฉ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 11.76%, ์‚ฐํ›„ ๋ชฉ์š• ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์œ„์ƒ๋ฒ•์ด 9.17%, ์‚ฐํ›„ ์„ฑ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ 8.85%์˜ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. 3. ์‹ ์ƒ์•„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 20๊ฐœ ๋ฌธํ•ญ์˜ ๊ต์œก๋‚ด์šฉ ์ค‘์— ์‹ ์ƒ์•„์˜ ์ด์ƒ์ฆ์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด 80.56%๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์–ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์ด ๋‚จ์•„์ผ ๋•Œ ํฌ๊ฒฝ์ˆ˜์ˆ ๋ถ€์œ„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 73.68%๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ œ๋Œ€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 55.48%, ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋”ธ๊พน์งˆ ํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 43.43%, ํ™ฉ๋‹ฌ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 39.73%, ์ˆ˜์œ ํ›„ ํŠธ๋ฆผ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ 36.62%, ์„ค์‚ฌ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 34.87%, ์•„๊ธฐ ๊ฐ์—ผ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด 32.60%, ์•„๊ธฐ ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 28.57%, ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋Š” ์ด์œ  ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ 25.78%, ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์ด 22.73%, ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋ชจ์œ ์ˆ˜์œ ๋ฒ•์ด 22.54%, ์‹ค๋‚ด ์˜จ๋„ ๋ฐ ์Šต๋„์œ ์ง€๋ฒ•์ด 20.34%, ๊ธฐ์ €๊ท€ ๋ฐœ์ง„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ด 19.16%, ์ธ๊ณต์ˆ˜์œ  ๋ฐ ์šฐ์œ ๋ณ‘ ์†Œ๋…๋ฒ•์ด 14.70%, ์•„๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ ‘์ข… ์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ 8.62%, ์•„๊ธฐ ๋ชฉ์š•๋ฒ•์ด 4.31%์˜ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‘๋‹ตํ•œ ์‚ฐ๋ชจ๋„ ์ž˜๋ชป ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ณ , ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์™ธ ์ดˆ์‚ฐ๋ชจ์™€ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฐ๋ชจ์˜ ์‚ฐํ›„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ (p<.05), ์‚ฐํ›„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‘๋‹ตํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์ถœ์ฒ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ฑ…(48.52%)์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์™”๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ์ด ๋ถ€๋ชจ(19.28%)๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ์ด ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ(10.18%)์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐํ›„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ, ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด๋„ ์ž˜๋ชป ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต์œก๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ต์œก์ž์  ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€ ๊ต์œก์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์œ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์š•๋ถ€์˜ ๊ต์œก์  ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ๊ต์œก ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํฌํ•จ๋  ๊ต์œก๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] This study was carried out in order to idendtify the learning needs of postpartum mothers to develop teaching material directed at imporving the health of mothers. To achieve the purpose of this study, the study was divided in tow parts. first the learning needs related to postpartum care were assessed and second the learning needs for infant care were assessed. Finally, it is that suggested the teaching content for postpartum mothers and for infant care be based on the learning needs. The purposive sampling technique was used in the selection of subjects. The subjects chosen were 44 problems mothers from the out patient dispensary and 58 maternity patients who were admitted to two university hospitals and one general hospitals between April 7 to 30, 1992 and who had normal, uncomplicated, and vaginal deliveries with health newborns. The instrument used for this study was a 40-item questionnaire based on guidelines by Davis, et al. (1988) and developed by the researcher through use of references and recomendations from three professors of the college of Nursing and four head nurses with more than ten years experiences in the at nursing of mothers and newborns in a university hospital. The summarized results of this study are as follows.; 1. The demographic characteristics of mothers were as follows; The average age of mothers was 28 years old, their 55.9% were colleg graduates, 75.5% were housewives and 74.5% lived in nuclear families. Most of mothers had gained some information before child birth with about 64.7% of them getting this information from their own mothers. In the sample, 68.8% were primiparas and 38.2% had experienced of an abortion and, 39.5% wanted to use a mixed type of feeding, breast and bottle feeding. Significant differences were found in the learning needs for postpartum care according to gravida (p<.05), most information was gained from journals, followed by from their mothers, and from medical teams. 2. The learning needs ralated to the postpartum. All of the groups of subjects emphasized the learning needs for learning 34 items that should by included in the postpartum teaching the total 20 infant care teaching items and 14 maternal teaching items. The highest related learning needs in infant care were "infant illness" (80.56%), followed by "circumcision care" (73.68%), "cord care" (55.48%), and the highest rated learning needs in the maternal care items were "postpartum complications" (68.57%), followed by "uterus contraction pain" (43.32%), and "vaginal discharge" (35.77%). Some of the information the mothers had received was not correct. As nurses are reponsible for teaching about postpartum and infant care, And finally, the teaching contents for postpartum and infant care should be developed according to learning needs identified in this study.prohibitio

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    (A) study on the risk factors for maternal and child health care program with emphasis on developing the risk score system

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    ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ชจ์ž๋ณด๊ฑด์˜ ํŠน์ˆ˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ณด๊ฑด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์˜์œ ์•„์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์—…์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ "์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋ณ„ ๋ชจ์ž๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก "์„ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋ณ„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ž€ ๋ชจ์ž๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฒด๊ณ„ํ™•๋ฆฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šด์˜๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ธ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํ…Œ๋‘๋ฆฌ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋„์›€์ด ๋” ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์ธ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ์„œ ์ œํ•œ๋œ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ ์ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ž์›์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํ™œ์šฉ์„ ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์–ป์–ด์งˆ ์ •๋ณด๋กœ์„œ ์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ž„์‹ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ•ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์ด›์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ž„์‹ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ‰์ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ‰์  ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€์€ ์ž„์‹ ๋ถ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ๊ณผ ๋น„ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ด์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ด์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ๋ณ„๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋†’์•„์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ์ž๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ‰์ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ์ฐจ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ-์กฐ์‚ฐ์›, ๋ณด๊ฑด์ง„๋ฃŒ์›๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฐ์ „๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ๊ณผ ๋น„ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ์ฝ”์ € ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์ž๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ์—…์€ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ œํ•œ๋œ ๋ณด๊ฑด์ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ž์›์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํ™œ์šฉ์„ ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ„ํŽธํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ๋ณ„๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋†’์€ "์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ‰์ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€"์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”, ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ 1982๋–ค 1์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1982๋…„ 12์›” 31์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ดํ™”์—ฌ์ž๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋ถ€์†๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ๋ถ„๋งŒํ•œ ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€ 2,282๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ณด๊ฑด์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์—์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ "์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ ์ƒ‰์ถœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ‘œ"์™€ ๊ตญ์ œ์ถœ์‚ฐ๋ ฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ 903ํ˜ธ "๋ชจ์„ฑ ๊ธฐ๋กํ‘œ"๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€์˜ ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ตœํ™•๋„๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์ž๊ณ„์‚ฐ์กฐ์ง์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. A. ๋ชจ์ž๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๊ฐ๋ณ„๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ์€ ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น, ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ƒํƒœ, ์˜๋ฃŒ_๋ณดํ—˜์ข…๋ณ„, ์ฒซ ์ž„์‹ ์‹œ ์—ฐ๋ น, ์ž„์‹ ํšŸ์ˆ˜, ์ œ์™•์ ˆ๊ฐœ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ˜„์กด์ž๋…€์ˆ˜, ์กฐ์‚ฐ์•„์ถœ์‚ฐ๊ฒฝํ—˜, ๋‹คํƒœ์ž„์‹ , ์„ ์ฒœ์„ฑ๊ธฐํ˜•์•„์ถœ์‚ฐ๊ฒฝํ—˜, ๋‹คํƒœ์ž„์‹ , ์„ ์ฒœ์„ฑ๊ธฐํ˜•์•„์ถœ์‚ฐ๊ฒฝํ—˜, ์ด์ƒํƒœ์œ„๊ฒฝํ—˜, ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๊ณผ๋ ฅ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ณ‘๋ ฅ, Hb์ˆ˜์น˜, ํ˜ˆ์••์ƒํƒœ, ์‹ฌ์žฅ์ƒํƒœ, ์™ธ๋ชจ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ƒํƒœ, ๋ถ€์ข…์ƒํƒœ, ๋ณต๋ถ€์ง„์ฐฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ž๊ถ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์ƒํƒœ, ๊ณจ๋ฐ˜์ƒํƒœ, ์ฃผ์š”ํ˜ธ์†Œ ๋ฐ ๋ณ‘์›๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์ด์œ ๋“ฑ์ด ์—ˆ๋‹ค. B. ๋ชจ์ž๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ‰์ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€์€ ๋ณธ๋ฌธ ํ‘œ4์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. C. ๋ชจ์ž๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ‰์ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์€ ๊ฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„๋Š” ํƒœ์•„(์‹ ์ƒ์•„)์ธก ํŠน์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ A^^1 ์€ 75%, ๋ชจ์„ฑ์ธก ํŠน์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ A^^2 ๋Š” 78%, ๋ชจ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํƒœ์•„(์‹ ์ƒ์•„) ์–‘์ธก์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ A^^3 ๋Š” 92%์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์œ„ํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ์ง‘๋‹จ A^^l, A^^2, A^^3 ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 85%์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠน์ด๋„๋Š” 68%์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. D. ๋ชจ์ž๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ‰์ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ (diagnosability)์€ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์œ ๋ณ‘์œจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ ์œ ๋ณ‘์œจ์„ 5%, l0%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 12%, 23%, 40%, 53%, 64%, 75%, 80%๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณธ ๋ณ‘์›์— ๋‚ด์›ํ•œ ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€๋“ค ์ค‘ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋˜๋Š” ์œ ๋ณ‘์œจ์€ 63%๋กœ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์ง„๋‹จ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ 82%์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] For the flexible and rational distribution of limited existing health resources bases on measurements of individual risk, the socalled Risk Approach is belong proposed by the World Health Organization as a managerial tool in maternal and child health care program. This approach, in principle, puts us under the necessity of developing a technique by which we wall be able to measure the degree of rusk or to discriminate the future outcomes of pres-nancy on the basis of prior information obtainable at prenatal care delivery settings. Numerous recent studies have focussed on the identification of relevant rusk factors as the prior information and on defining the adverse outcomes of pregnancy to be discriminated, and also have tried on how to develope scoring system of risk factors for the quantitative assessment of the factors as the determinant of pregnancy outcomes. Once the scoring system is established the technique of classifying the patients into with normal and with adverse outcomes wall be easily developed. The scoring system should be developed to meet the following four basic requirements. 1) Easy to construct 2) Easy to use 3) To be theoretically sound 4) To be valid In searching for a feasible methodology which wall meet these requirements, the author has attempted to apply the "Likeihood Method", one of the well known principles in statistical analysis, to develop such scoring system according to the process as follows. Step 1. Classify the patients into four groups: Group A^^1 : With adverse outcomes on fetal (neonatal) side only. Group A^^2 : With adverse outcomes on maternal side only. Group A^^3 : With adverse outcomes on both maternal and fetal (neonatal) sides. Group B: With normal outcomes. Step 2. Construct the marginal tabulation on the distribution of risk factors for each group. Step 3. For the calculation of risk score, take logarithmic transformation of relative proportions of the distribution and round them off to integers. Step 4. Test the validity of the score chart. A total of 2,282 maternity records registered during the period of January 1, 1982 - December 31, 1982 at EWha Womans University Hospital were used for this study and the "Questionnaire for Maternity Record for Prenatal and Intrapartum High Risk Screening" developed by the Korean Institute for Population and Health was used to rearrange the information on the records into an easy analytic form. The findings of the study are summarized as follows. 1) The rusk score chart constructed on the basis of "Likelihood Method" is presented in Table 4 in the main text 2) From the analysis of the rusk score chart it was observed that a total of 24 risk factors could be Identified as having significant predicting power for the discrimination of pregnancy outcomes into four groups as defined above They are: (1) age (2) marital status (3) age at first pregnancy (4) medical insurance (5) number of pregnancies (6) history of Cesarean sections (7) number of living child (8) history of premature infants (9) history of over weighted new born (10) history of congenital anomalies (11) history of multiple pregnancies (12) history of abnormal presentation (13) history of obstetric abnormalities (14) past illness (15) hemoglobin level (16) blood pressure (17) heart status (18) general appearance (19) edema status (20) result .of abdominal examination (21) cervix status (22) pelvis status (23) chief complaints (24) Reasons for examination. 3) The validity of the score chart turned out to be as follows: a) Sensitivity: Group A^^1 : 0.75 Group A^^2 : 0.78 Group A^^3 : 0.92 ALL combined: 0.85 b) Specificity: 0.68 4) The diagnosabilities of the "score chart" for a sect of hypothetical prevalence of adverse outcomes were calculated as follows (the sensitivity "for all combined" was used). Hypothetical Prevalence: 5% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Diagnosability: 12% 23% 40% 53% 64% 75% 80%restrictio

    A Study on Needed Professional Knowledge and Understanding of Family Planning Workers in Kyonggi-Do, Korea

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    ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[์˜๋ฌธ] [ํ•œ๊ธ€] A Study on Needed Professional Knowledge and Understanding of Family Planning Workers in Kyonggi-Do, Korea Lee, Kwang Ok Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University (Directed by Prof. Kim, Myung Ho) The Family Planning Program has been intensively implemented in Korea by the national policy since 1962. However, the desired effective results were not yet fully obtained by many reasons such as the shortage of qualified workers, lack of eligible women's cooperation and understanding of the importance of family planning etc.. The field family planning workers is classified into two categories along the governmental personnel order; the senior field worker and the assistant field worker. The former is qualified licensed nurse and midwife and the latter same as the former or a certified nurses-aid. These family planning worker's roles are somewhat in change not only in field education, distribution of contraceptions, administrating mother's class of assistant field workers but also responsible for the senior field workers such as recording, reporting and keeping statistics. Therefor, the desired success of family planning programming in Korea depends on family planning worker's professional abilities and activities in the field. In aiming to study on professional knowledge of the above two kinds of family planning workers, the following results were obtained through a field survey with questionnaires done as of October, 1970 in Kyonggi-Do. 1. Working term of the family planning workers in average were less than two years. The younger the assistant field workers were, the earlier they left job. 2. The assistant field workers selected their job in order to the superficial rather than implementing job itself. 3. Most of the workers either in the health center or in the Up-Myun had a better understanding concerning with their job; ;contraceptive methods, maintenance of equipment and drug-keeping, and other administrative procedures, etc. 4. They had relatively better understanding and sufficient knowledge about contraception itself and application of it's methods and side effects in detail too, but less knowledges for the care after. 5. It was hard to find out any differences in administrative knowledge and demographic understanding. 6. It is fully agreed upon that the longer the worker have experienced with the program, the more skilful she applied. 7. the worker who had training whether pre-service or in-service are working more effectively than the untrained. 8. the fundamental demographic knowledge is recommended to obtain for the workers in Kyonggi-Do.restrictio

    Effects of the wormwood smoke(Ssukjahun) on dysmenorrhea

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‘ฅ์ขŒํ›ˆ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์›”๊ฒฝํ†ต์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋…์ž์ ์ด๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ค‘์žฌ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์‹œ๋„๋œ ์œ ์‚ฌ์‹คํ—˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋น„๋™๋“ฑ์„ฑ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ์ „ํ›„์„ค๊ณ„์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 2007๋…„ 5์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2008๋…„ 5์›” 27์ผ๊นŒ์ง€์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋„ ์†Œ์žฌ 1๊ฐœ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์™€ 1๊ฐœ ์ข…ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์›์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์›”๊ฒฝํ†ต์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ 20๋ช… ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ 20๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์ด 40๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ œ1 ์›”๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ์›”๊ฒฝ์‹œ์ž‘ 48์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‚ด ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์›”๊ฒฝ๋ถˆํŽธ๊ฐ ๋ฐ ์›”๊ฒฝํ†ต๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ณ  ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ , prostaglandin F2a ์ธก์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์†Œ๋ณ€์„ ์ฑ„์ทจํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ์›”๊ฒฝ์˜ˆ์ • 7์ผ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์—๊ฒŒ 1์ผ 1ํšŒ 4์ผ๊ฐ„ ์‘ฅ์ขŒํ›ˆ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ2 ์›”๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ์›”๊ฒฝ์‹œ์ž‘ 48์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‚ด ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์›”๊ฒฝ๋ถˆํŽธ๊ฐ ๋ฐ ์›”๊ฒฝํ†ต ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€์— ์ž๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ณ  ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , prostaglandin F2a ์ธก์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์†Œ๋ณ€์„ ์ฑ„์ทจํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ธก์ •ํ›„ ์›ํ• ์‹œ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ๋ณต์šฉ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” Moos(1968)์˜ MDQ(Menstrual Distress Questionaire)๋ฅผ ๊น€์ •์€(1995)์ด ๊ฐ„ํŽธํ™”์‹œํ‚จ ์›”๊ฒฝ๋ถˆํŽธ๊ฐ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„œ(MDQ)์™€ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ฐ•๋„ ์ธก์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด Keele(1948)์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์ƒ์‚ฌ์ฒ™๋„(VAS)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์†Œ๋ณ€๋‚ด prostaglandin F2a๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„์€ SPSS WIN 12.0์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ๋™์งˆ์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์€ ๏ฝ˜2 test์™€ t-test๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์›”๊ฒฝ๋ถˆํŽธ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์›”๊ฒฝํ†ต, prostaglandin F2a์˜ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ „ํ›„์ฐจ์ด๋Š” paired t-test๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” t-test๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„ค1. ์‘ฅ์ขŒํ›ˆ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์›”๊ฒฝ๋ถˆํŽธ๊ฐ์€ ์‘ฅ์ขŒํ›ˆ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์„ค์€ ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์น˜ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ 72.75(ยฑ31.94), ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ 120.25(ยฑ25.71)๋กœ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์ด ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‘ ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ(t=5.25, p=0.000) ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„ค2. ์‘ฅ์ขŒํ›ˆ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์›”๊ฒฝํ†ต ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” ์‘ฅ์ขŒํ›ˆ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์„ค์€ ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์น˜ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ 2.80(ยฑ2.79), ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ 7.68(ยฑ1.51)๋กœ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์ด ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‘ ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” t=7.71, p=0.000์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„ค3. ์‘ฅ์ขŒํ›ˆ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ prostaglandin F2a ๋†๋„๋Š” ์‘ฅ์ขŒํ›ˆ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์„ค์€ ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์น˜ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ 0.83(ยฑ0.42), ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ 1.27(ยฑ0.25)๋กœ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์ด ๋” ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‘ ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” t=4.56, p=0.000์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ์‘ฅ์ขŒํ›ˆ์€ ์›”๊ฒฝ๋ถˆํŽธ๊ฐ, ์›”๊ฒฝํ†ต ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ prostaglandin F2a ๋†๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] The purpose of this study was to identify effects of the Wormwood Smoke(Ssukjahun) on primary dysmenorrhea. This study was a pretest-posttest design with a nonequivalent control group. Data were collected from May 1, 2007 to May 27, 2008. A total 40 womens with dysmenorrhea from 1 high school and 1 hospital participated in the study. Among them, 20 women were assigned as an experimental group and the other 20 women were assigned as a control group. The pretest was performed before the Wormwood Smoke(Ssukjahun) to measure three variables such as the degree of menstrual distress questionaire and dysmenorrhea, and level of urine prostaglandin F2a for both groups less than 48 hours since they begin menstruation. Then the Wormwood Smoke(Ssukjahun) was provided daily from day -7, in relation to next menses, to the day -4 of the cycle in the experimental group. Then, the posttest was performed to measure three variables such as the menstrual distress questionaire, dysmenorrhea, and level of urine prostaglandin F2a for both groups at the next menstruation.. The instruments used in this study included MDQ(Moos' menstrual distress questionnaire) by Kim(1995), Visual Analogue Scale by Keele(1948), PGF2a by urine. The data were analyzed using SPSS program. Chi-square test, paired t-test, t-test were used to determine significant differences between the two groups. The results of this study are as follows; Hypothesis 1. The experimental group is lower than the control group in the degree of menstrual distress questionnaire after intervention. This hypothesis is statistically significant accepted(t=5.25, p=0.000). The degree of menstrual distress questionnaire was 72.75(ยฑ31.94) in the experimental group and 120.25(ยฑ25.71) in the control group. Hypothesis 2. The experimental group is lower than the control group in the intensity of dysmenorrhea after intervention. This hypothesis is statistically significant accepted(t=7.71, p=0.000). The intensity of dysmenorrhea was 2.80(ยฑ2.79) in the experimental group and 7.68(ยฑ1.51) in the control group. Hypothesis 3. The experimental group is lower than the control group in prostaglandin F2a level after intervention. This hypothesis is statistically significant accepted(t=4.56, p=0.000). The prostaglandin F2a was 0.83(ยฑ0.42)ng/ml in the experimental group and 1.27(ยฑ0.25)ng/ml in the control group. In conclusion, the Wormwood Smoke(Ssukjahun) was proved as an effective nursing intervention to reduce dysmenorrhea. Therefore, it is recommended to use the Wormwood Smoke(Ssukjahun) for women with dysmenorrhea.ope

    (The) effect of gas passing of SP6 acupressure with patient for laparotomy

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณต์ˆ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์‚ผ์Œ๊ต ์ง€์••์ด ์ˆ˜์ˆ ํ›„ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฐฐ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋น„์นจ์Šต์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋…์ž์ ์ธ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ค‘์žฌ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์‹œ๋„๋œ ์œ ์‚ฌ์‹คํ—˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋น„๋™๋“ฑ์„ฑ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ์‚ฌํ›„์„ค๊ณ„์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋„์— ์†Œ์žฌํ•œ ํ•œ ์ข…ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ณต์ˆ ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ๋‹น์ผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋งํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ 27๋ช…๊ณผ ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•œ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ 48๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์ด 75๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ์žฅ์ˆœ๋ณต(2003)์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์žฅ์šด๋™ ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •, ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ค‘์žฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ํ•œ์˜ํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜1์ธ, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ต์ˆ˜ 1์ธ์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด ํ•œ์˜์‚ฌ 1์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์€๋’ค ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ, ์˜ˆ๋น„์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ์‚ผ์Œ๊ต ์ง€์••์„ ํ›ˆ๋ จ๋ฐ›์€ ํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ˆ ๋‹น์ผ ์ „์‹ ๋งˆ์ทจ์ข…๋ฃŒ 7์‹œ๊ฐ„ํ›„ ๋ณ‘์‹ค์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์—ฌ 15๋ถ„๊ฐ„ 1ํšŒ ์‚ผ์Œ๊ต์ง€์••์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ดํ›„ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฐฐ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‹ด๋‹น๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฐฐ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฐฐ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 2003๋…„ 5์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 6์›” 30์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ 2๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” SPSS WIN 11.0์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜, ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ, ํ‰๊ท ์„ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ๋‘ ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„ ๋™์งˆ์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์€ x2 test์™€ t-test๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ๋‘ ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” t-test, Mann-Whitney test๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฐฐ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ANOVA ๋ฐ Pearson correlation์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณต์ˆ ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ ํ™˜์ž์ค‘ ์‚ผ์Œ๊ต ์ง€์••์„ ๋ฐ›์€๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ›์ง€์•Š์€ ๊ตฐ์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฐฐ์ถœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์„ค์ด ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ผ์Œ๊ต ์ง€์••์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ตฐ์ด ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ˆ˜์ˆ ํ›„ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฐฐ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ‰๊ท  7.1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋นจ๋ž์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(p=.032). ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฐฐ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ PCA์‚ฌ์šฉ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํšŒ์ˆ˜, ๋งˆ์ทจ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์˜ค์‹ฌ๊ตฌํ†  ์œ ๋ฌด๋“ฑ์€ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์‚ผ์Œ๊ต ์ง€์••์„ ๊ฐœ๋ณต์ˆ ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ํ›„ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฐฐ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‹จ์ถ•์— ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค [์˜๋ฌธ] The purpose of this study was to identify effects of the gas passing on SP6 acupressure for patient with laparotomy. This study was a posttest design with a nonequivalent control group. A total of 75 patients from a hospital in kyounggido participated in the study. Among them, 27patients were assigned as an experimental group who wanted to participate in the study and the other 48patients were assigned as a control group who collected data from chart review. The instruments used in this study included check list of Bowel movement developed by Sun Bok Jang(2003). This is provided by researcher alone after traing, pre test and feasibility study from reference, a professor of oriental medical college, a professor of nursing college and a doctor of oriental. The SP6 acupressure was provided for 15minutes for pateints with laparotomy after 7hours finised general anethesia in the experimental group and then educated a patient for report to a Nurse after gas passing. In the control group, collected from chart review for gas passing time. Data were collected from May 1 to June 3o, 2003. The data was analyzed using SPSS program WIN 11.0. Chi-square test and t-test method were used to determine consubstantiality verification. The significant differences between the two group were used to determine by t-test. Mann-Whitney test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation method were used to determine with variables and gas passing time. The results of this study are as follows; Hyposis: There is a statistically sifnificant difference in the gas passing time for patient with laparotomy after the intervention between the experimental group and the control group. This hyposis is accepted. There were significant differences in the gas passing time after SP6 acupressure intervention for laparotomy patients(p=.032). The experimental group was 7.1ยฑ2hrs earlier than the control group for gas passing time. In conclusion, the SP6 acupressure was provided as an effective nursing intervention to fast gas passing time. Therefore, it is recommended to use the SP6 acupressure for patient with laparotomy.ope

    Analysis of Maternal Child Health Services in Korea - Perspective of the Premature Infant -

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    In recent years, reductions in infant mortality have mainly been accomplished by improving the survival of premature and low birth weight infants, however premature infants still remain at great risk. the purpose of this study was to review the maternal child health service related to premature infants and to provide a future direction for improving maternal child health (MCH) in Korea. We reviewed two MCH services which are directly related to premature infants: 1) a registry and financial support program for families with a premature infant, and 2) financial support to build neonatal intensive care units in rural public hospitals. Suggestions are made for the development of a national vital signs record system to identify high risk infants and to monitor the trends in infant mortality due to prematurity. Prevention efforts and preconception care for childbearing women is also an important strategy to reduce the rate of preterm births. Finally, we need consider long-term follow-up plans for premature infants for a successful transit to the special education system. Developing MCH policy related to premature infants that decreases the occurrence of premature may decrease infant mortality, and also improve maternal and child health services.ope
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