타입 A 일반화된 양자군의 Kirillov-Reshetikhin 모듈의 건설

학위논문(박사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 자연과학대학 수리과학부, 2022.2. 권재훈.A generalized quantum group U(ε) is an affine analogue of the quantum group associated to a general linear Lie superalgebra glMN (M +N = n) with respect to its Borel subalgebra parametrized by ε ∈ Zn2 . In this thesis, we study finite dimensional representations of U(ε). We show the irreducibility of a tensor product of fundamental type representations Wl,ε(x)⊗Wm,ε(y) by using crystal base theory, and then prove the uniqueness of R matrix on Wl,ε(x) ⊗ Wm,ε(y). We introduce a truncation functor which relates the representations of U(ε) and those of the usual quantum affine algebra of type A(1). By using the truncation functor, we describe explicitly the spectral decomposition of the R matrix on Wl,ε(x)⊗Wm,ε(y). Finally we construct a family of irreducible U(ε)-modules by applying fusion construction, which can be viewed as an analogue of Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules of type A(1).본 학위논문에서는 타입 A 일반화된 양자군의 표현을 연구한다. 특히 Kirillov-Reshetikhin 모듈의 건설을 중점적으로 연구한다. 본 학위논문의 주요 결과로서, 유한 타입위에서의 다항식표현에 대한 구체적인 묘사와 잘림 함자의 정의가 있다. 또한 기본타입 표현의 텐서곱 위 에서의 양자 R행렬의 유일성을 증명하고 이와 잘림 함자를 조합하여 양자 R행렬의 스펙트랄 분해를 얻어낸다. 마지막으로 이러한 사실들을 이용하여 일반화된 Kirillov-Reshetikhin 모 듈을 정의하고 이것이 기존의 Kirillov-Reshetikhin 모듈의 확장이라는 것을 증명한다.Abstract i 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Polynomial representations 2 1.2 Truncation functor 2 1.3 Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules 3 2 Generalized quantum groups 5 2.1 Generalized quantum groups 5 2.2 A non-degenerate bilinear form 13 2.3 Quantum affine superalgebra 16 2.4 Category O≥0 and crystal bases 20 3 Braid symmetry 26 3.1 Braid symmetry 26 3.2 PBW type basis for finite type 34 4 Schur Weyl duality and polynomial Representations for finite type 39 4.1 Schur Weyl duality 39 4.2 q-deformed Young symmetrizers and Garnir relations 44 4.3 Polynomial representations 51 4.4 Crystal base of Vε(λ) 53 5 Truncation functors 56 5.1 Monoidal categories 56 5.2 Truncation functors 58 6 Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules 65 6.1 Fundamental type of U(ε)-modules 65 6.2 Irreducibility of Wl,ε(x)⊗Wm,ε(y) 67 6.3 Existence of quantum R matrix 73 6.4 Spectral decomposition of R matrix 75 6.5 Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules 80 Abstract (in Korean) 89 Acknowledgement (in Korean) 90박

Basic Modeling and Design of magnetoelastic Resonator System for Viscosity Sensor

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 기계항공공학부, 2014. 8. 고상근.In this paper, an equivalent circuit model for magnetoelastic resonator is introduced. Elements of the model consist of coil inductance, magnetization of the resonator, a parallel RLC resonator representing the resonator resonance and a transformer indicating conversion ratio. This model suggests an approach to describe electrical response and characteristics of the resonator subject to geometries and excitation conditions. Moreover, corresponding techniques for extraction of parameters of the system are developed. Experimental results show that the model gives reasonable approximation of the system and accurately predicts behavior of the system.Abstract I Table of Contents II LIST OF FIGURES IV LIST OF TABLES VII LIST OF SYMBOLS VIII 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. MAGNETOELASTIC RESONATOR MODLEING 3 2.1. Magnetoelastic Resonator System 3 2.2. Magnetoelastic Resonator Modeling 4 2.2.1. Applying two port network and magnetic-field transducer equation 5 2.2.2. Modelling from Physical origins of Magnetostriction 7 2.2.3. Demagnetizing Factor 15 2.2.4. S-parameter analysis 17 2.2.5. Final Modelling of magnetoelastic resonator 21 3. EXPERIMENT SETUP 23 3.1. System Setup 23 3.2. Resonator and Coil Setup 23 4. EXPERIMETAL RESULT 27 4.1. Parameter Extraction Procedure 27 4.2. Effect of Aspect Ratio 28 4.3. Effect of Magnetic Field on Resonator 31 5. CONCLUSION 34 Reference 35 요약 38Maste

Usefulness of grayscale values measuring hypoechoic lesions for predicting prostate cancer: An experimental pilot study

Background: To ensure reproducibility and representativeness of hypoechoic lesions in transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), we used grayscale values and evaluated their usefulness in predicting prostate cancer (PCA). Methods: A total of 172 patients scheduled for prostate biopsy for suspected PCA between October 2016 and May 2018 were prospectively enrolled. Patients underwent 12 core target biopsies for hypoechoic lesions in 12 areas of the prostate and two additional target biopsy cores for two hypoechoic lesions. We estimated the grayscale value of the image using a red/green/blue scoring method through a function embedded in the picture archiving and communication system. Imaging data were analyzed using estimated grayscale values. Results: Of the 127 patients (median age = 68.5 years, median prostate-specific antigen level = 6.19 ng/mL), 67 (52.8%) had PCA. Of 1778 biopsy lesions, 327 (18.4%) were PCA lesions. No differences in the grayscale values were found between PCA and benign lesions; however, the grayscale value between 28.0 and 57.0 for hypoechoic lesions was identified as a significant factor for predicting PCA in multivariable analysis (p=0.008). Multivariable analysis indicated a grayscale value between 34.0 and 48.0 as a predicting factor for clinically significant PCA (cs-PCA: Gleason grade group ≥2) (p=0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting cs-PCA was higher for combined clinical and grayscale value parameters than for TRUS grayscale values (0.780 vs. 0.561, p<0.001). Conclusions: Hypoechoic lesions that meet the quantitative criteria seem useful for predicting cs-PCA. The presence of hypoechoic lesions is not a predicting factor for PCA.ope

Korean Version of the Patient Perception of Study Medication Questionnaire: Translation and Linguistic Validation

Purpose: The patient perception of study medication (PPSM) questionnaire consists of 12 questions designed to quantify patient satisfaction with the efficacy of study treatment by focusing on specific changes that patients experience during the study period. This study aimed to develop a Korean version of the PPSM questionnaire. Methods: The linguistic validation process consisted of obtaining permission for translation, forward translation, reconciliation, backward translation, cognitive debriefing, and proofreading. Two independent bilingual translators translated the original version of the questionnaire, and a panel discussed and combined the 2 versions. Another independent translator performed backward translation of the reconciled version, after which 15 patients underwent the cognitive debriefing. Results: The 12 questions and 4 response scales of the PPSM questionnaire were forward translated into 2 Korean versions. The terms were adjusted to conceptually equivalent expressions in Korean. After backward translation, the panel made minor changes to the forward translations for brevity and better readability. No difficulties were experienced during cognitive debriefing by 15 patients, and all items were reported to be generally easy to understand. Conclusion: The Korean version of the PPSM questionnaire has been successfully translated and validated. The questionnaire is appropriate for assessing symptom satisfaction in patients that undergo benign prostatic hyperplasia pharmacotherapy.ope

Pain control according to the periprostatic nerve block site in magnetic resonance imaging/transrectal targeted prostate biopsy

We analyzed the intensity of pain at each site of systemic prostate biopsy (SBx) and compared the intensity of pain among magnetic resonance (MRI)-targeted transrectal biopsies according to the periprostatic nerve block (PNB) site. We collected data from 229 consecutive patients who had undergone MRI-targeted biopsy. Patients were stratified into two groups according to the site of PNB (base versus base and apex PNB). Pain was quantified at the following time points: probe insertion, injection at the prostate base, injection at the prostate apex, MRI cognitive biopsy (CBx), MRI/transrectal ultrasound fusion biopsy (FBx), SBx, and 15 min after biopsy. For all biopsy methods, the average pain were significantly higher in the base PNB group than in the base and apex PNB group (CBx, p < 0.001; FBx, p = 0.015; SBx, p < 0.001). In the base and apex PNB group, FBx was significantly more painful than SBx (p = 0.024). Overall, regardless of the PNB site, pain at the anterior sites was more than that at the posterior sites in FBx (p = 0.039). Base and apex PNB provided better overall pain control than base-only PNB in all biopsy methods. In the base and apex PNB group, FBx was more painful than CBx and SBx.ope

Role of the elastography strain ratio using transrectal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer

This study investigated the efficacy of the elastography strain ratio (ESR) as a predictor of prostate cancer (PCa) in targeted prostate biopsy. In total, 257 patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsy were enrolled. Before biopsy, we placed regions of interest (zone A and B) in the lesion and levator ani. The ESR was measured as zone A/zone B. Multivariate analyses were performed to predict PCa and clinically significant PCa. There were 206 (71.5%) positive cancer lesions. No difference in digit rectal examination findings was found between patients with and without PCa. For predicting clinically significant PCa, an ESR ≥ 6.8 was significantly higher in the PCa (+) group than in the PCa (-) group (p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the conventional variables (model 1) plus the ESR was 0.845, which was significantly higher than that for model 1 (p = 0.001). In prostate imaging reporting and data system score 3 lesions, an ESR ≥ 4.6 was a significant predictor of PCa (p = 0.002). The AUC in model 1 plus the ESR was 0.856, which was significantly higher than that in model 1 alone (p = 0.017). The ESR is useful for predicting clinically significant PCa.ope

Efficacy of additional periprostatic apex nerve block on pain in each of 12 transrectal prostate core biopsies: a retrospective study

Background: We identified pain variation according to prostate biopsy sites and compared differences in pain relief according to the site of periprostatic nerve block (PNB). Methods: This retrospective study collected data from 312 patients who underwent transrectal prostate biopsies between January 2019 and August 2020. Patients were stratified into two groups according to the site of local anesthesia (base vs. base and apex PNB), with each block achieved with 2.5 cm3 of 2% lidocaine. Pain scores were assessed using the visual analog scale at the following time points: probe insertion, PNB at base, PNB at apex, each of the 12 core biopsy sites, and 15 min after biopsy. The results were analyzed using a linear mixed model. Results: The average pain scores were significantly higher in the base-only PNB group than were those in the base and apex PNB group (3.88 vs 2.82, p < 0.001). In the base-only PNB group, the pain scores increased from base to apex (p < 0.001), and the pain at each site also gradually increased as the biopsy proceeded (p < 0.001). In contrast, in the base and apex PNB group, there was minor change in pain scores throughout the procedure. Conclusions: The pain scores varied at each site during the prostate biopsy. The provision of a base and apex PNB provided greater pain relief than does base-only PNB during prostate biopsy.ope

A study of organ-specific motion correction for positron emission tomography using artificial tumor

방사선학과/석사양전자방출단층촬영장치(PET)는 방사성동위원소를 이용하여 체내 생화학적 현상을 나타내는 핵의학 영상을 제공하여, 현재는 종양의 조기 진단 및 병기 결정, 예후 평가 등 진단 및 치료 분야에 널리 쓰이고 있다. 방출 데이터의 누적을 통해 얻는 PET 영상은 수 분의 검사 시간이 요구되기 때문에 움직임의 영향을 많이 받는다. 특히 흉부에 위치한 종양은 폐와 심장의 움직임으로 인해 번짐 현상과 위치의 왜곡 현상이 야기되어 정량적 분석에 악영향을 미친다. 이를 보정하기 위한 방법으로 외부 장비로 획득한 호흡 주기에 대하여 위상 별로 영상을 분리 획득하는 게이트모드 획득 방법이 많이 사용된다. 게이트모드 획득 방법은 분할 수가 클수록 움직임이 보정된 영상을 획득할 수 있지만, 전체 영상 획득 시간의 분산으로 인한 민감도의 감소가 동반된다. 또한 종양의 위치에 따라서 움직임의 영향 정도가 다르고, 외부 측정 신호와 실제 움직임의 차이가 있기 때문에, 이를 고려한 보정 방법이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 장기별 움직임 보정의 최적화를 위하여 다음과 같은 방법을 제안하였다. 첫째, 종양 모사체를 제작하여 개흉술을 통해 소동물의 체내에 직접 위치시킴으로써 폐와 간 영역의 실제 내부 움직임을 구현하였다. 둘째, 각기 다른 분할 수로 획득한 게이트모드 종양 모사체 영상의 표준섭취계수, 신호대잡음비, 반치전폭을 정량적으로 평가하여 종양 위치에 따른 최적의 게이트모드 분할 수를 정립하였다. 셋째, 게이트모드 영상을 개선하기 위해, 영역별로 측정한 내부 움직임을 이용하여 게이트모드 영상을 정합함으로써 개선된 움직임 보정 영상을 획득하였다. 마지막으로, 종양 모사체의 체내 삽입은 침습적 수술이 불가피한 방법이기에, 임상 적용 가능성을 찾기 위하여 디지털인체호흡모사팬텀(XCAT)과 GATE 시뮬레이션을 통해 종양을 구현하고, 호흡 움직임에 따른 종양의 움직임을 평가하였다. 본 연구는 종양 모사체를 통하여 실제 내부 움직임을 측정하고, 영역별 최적의 게이트모드 분할 수를 획득하고, 측정 움직임을 통한 정합과 재배열을 수행함으로써 영역별 움직임 보정 방법의 개선을 이루었다. 종양 모사체 방법은 전임상 단계에서 실제 움직임 측정과, 정량적 분석을 가능케 함으로써 임상에서의 움직임 보정 연구에도 기여할 것으로 기대된다.ope

객체지향 DBMS에서의 ODMG Java 바인딩 표준의 설계와 구현

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :컴퓨터공학과,2000.Maste

건강증진센터를 통해 비뇨기과 외래를 방문하는 환자의 특징

Purpose: Health examination is one of the methods to make the diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia. To evaluate factors leading to the visit to the outpatient department (OPD) in patients at the health promotion center (HPC) who did not undergo urology treatment.Materials and Methods: This observational study was based on data from an HPC database of 2,700 patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound between March 2018 and February 2021. Of these, 264 patients visited OPD. Factors affecting OPD visits, such as colonoscopy at HPC and daily fluid intake, were evaluated. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors to predict the visit to OPD.Results: Age (p<0.001) and diagnosis of overactive bladder (p<0.001) were significantly correlated with the severity of the total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS); however, colonoscopy evaluation at HPC and daily fluid intake did not correlate. Prostate volume (PV) (p=0.002) and total IPSS (p<0.001) were identified as predictive factors for the visit at OPD via HPC. The cutoff value of total IPSS and PV were 12 points and 26.7 cm³. The total IPSS (8–11) at HPC group presented higher total IPSS at OPD and the total IPSS (12–19) at HPC group showed lesser total IPSS at OPD (1.9±2.8 vs. -1.0±4.2, p=0.008).Conclusions: Twelve or more total IPSS is a significant factor that determines the OPD visit. At HPC, the primary care physician should be considered to recommend OPD to patients who have 12 or more total IPSS and 26.7 cm³ or more PV at the same time.restrictio