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    νƒœν‰μ–‘λ™λ§Ή, μ€‘λ‚¨λ―Έμ§€μ—­μ˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ²½μ œλΈ”λ‘μœΌλ‘œ 뢀상

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    μ€‘λ‚¨λ―Έμ§€μ—­μ˜ 경제 μ§ˆμ„œκ°€ 브라질 μ£Όλ„μ˜ λ‚¨λ―Έκ³΅λ™μ‹œμž₯(MERCOSUR)μ—μ„œ λ©•μ‹œμ½”, 칠레, μ½œλ‘¬λΉ„μ•„, 페루λ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” νƒœν‰μ–‘λ™λ§Ή(Pacific Alliance)이 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ²½μ œν˜‘λ ₯체둜 λΆ€μƒν•˜λ©΄μ„œ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ 이λͺ©μ„ μ§‘μ€‘μ‹œν‚€κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 역내에 μ€‘λ―Έκ³΅λ™μ‹œμž₯(CACM), μ•ˆλ°μŠ€κ³΅λ™μ²΄(CAN), μΉ΄λ¦¬λΈŒκ³΅λ™μ‹œμž₯ (CARICOM) λ“± κ²½μ œν˜‘λ ₯체가 μžˆμœΌλ‚˜ 브라질과 μ•„λ₯΄ν—¨ν‹°λ‚˜κ°€ μ£Όλ„ν•˜λŠ” λ‚¨λ―Έκ³΅λ™μ‹œμž₯에 κ²¬μ€„λ§Œν•œ νŒŒμ›Œμ™€ 결속λ ₯을 가진 κ²½μ œλΈ”λ‘μ΄ μ—†μ—ˆλ˜ 것은 사싀이닀. 2006λ…„ 차베슀 λ² λ„€μˆ˜μ—˜λΌ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ΄ μ½œλ‘¬λΉ„μ•„μ™€ νŽ˜λ£¨κ°€ 미ꡭ과의 FTAλ₯Ό ν¬κΈ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” ν•œ 이 κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ˜ λ―Έλž˜λŠ” μ—†λ‹€κ³  λΉ„λ‚œν•˜λ©΄μ„œ μ•ˆλ°μŠ€κ³΅λ™μ²΄ νƒˆν‡΄λ₯Ό κ³΅μ‹ν™”ν•œ ν›„, λͺ¨λž„λ ˆμŠ€ 볼리비아 λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήλ„ λ™λ°˜ νƒˆν‡΄ν•˜κ² λ‹€κ³  μ„ μ–Έν•˜λŠ” λ“± μ•ˆλ°μŠ€κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ˜ λ―Έλž˜κ°€ 뢈투λͺ…ν•΄μ‘Œλ‹€. 그런 κ°€μš΄λ° 2008λ…„ 3μ›” μ½œλ‘¬λΉ„μ•„ 우리베 λŒ€ν†΅λ Ή μ •λΆ€κ°€ 에콰도λ₯΄ 접경지역인 μ•™κ³ μŠ€νˆ¬λΌμ— μΊ ν”„λ₯Ό 두고 ν™œλ™ν•˜λ˜ μ½œλ‘¬λΉ„μ•„λ¬΄μž₯혁λͺ…κ΅°(FARC) μ§€λ„μž 라울 레예슀 일당 제거λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ 에콰도λ₯΄ κ΅­κ²½ λ§ˆμ„μ„ κ³΅μŠ΅ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ 에콰도λ₯΄μ™€μ˜ 외ꡐ관계 λ‹¨μ ˆ μ‚¬νƒœκΉŒμ§€ 이λ₯΄λŠ” λ“± μ•ˆλ°μŠ€κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ˜ λ―Έλž˜κ°€ λ˜λ‹€μ‹œ μ–΄λ‘μš΄ κ·Έλ¦Όμžκ°€ λ“œλ¦¬μ›Œμ‘Œλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 에콰도λ₯΄ κ΅­κ²½ 곡슡 λ‹Ήμ‹œ κ΅­λ°©μž₯κ΄€μ΄μ—ˆλ˜ μ‚°ν† μŠ€ μ½œλ‘¬λΉ„μ•„ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ΄ μ·¨μž„ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ, κ·Έκ°„ κ°•κ²½ν•œ μž…μž₯을 κ²¬μ§€ν•΄μ˜€λ˜ μ½”λ ˆμ•„ 에콰도λ₯΄ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ€ μ‚°ν† μŠ€ μ½œλ‘¬λΉ„μ•„ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήκ³Όμ˜ μ •μƒνšŒλ‹΄μ„ κ³„κΈ°λ‘œ μ–‘κ΅­ κ°„ ν™”ν•΄κ°€ 극적으둜 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€. 이에 따라 μ–‘κ΅­ κ°„ 외ꡐ관계도 λŒ€μ‚¬κΈ‰μœΌλ‘œ κ²©μƒλ˜μ–΄ μ •μƒν™”λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°, 제 λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œμ˜ ν˜‘λ ₯관계가 κΈ΄λ°€ν•΄μ§€λ©΄μ„œ μ•ˆλ°μŠ€κ³΅λ™μ²΄ νšŒμ›κ΅­ κ°„μ˜ 관계도 μ•ˆμ •μ„ μ°ΎκΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€

    ν•œκ΅­μ˜ νƒœν‰μ–‘λ™λ§Ή μ˜΅μ„œλ²„ κ°€μž…, μ˜μ˜μ™€ 전망

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    라틴아메리카 μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 역동적이고 개방된 κ²½μ œν˜‘λ ₯체둜 ν‰κ°€λ°›λŠ” λ©•μ‹œμ½”, 칠레, μ½œλ‘¬λΉ„μ•„, 페루 λ“± 4κ°œκ΅­μ„ μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” νƒœν‰μ–‘λ™λ§Ή (Pacific Alliance)에 ν•œκ΅­μ΄ μ˜΅μ„œλ²„ κ΅­κ°€λ‘œ κ°€μž…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λ‚˜λΌλŠ” νƒœν‰μ–‘λ™λ§Ή 의μž₯ꡭ을 μˆ˜μž„ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μ½œλ‘¬λΉ„μ•„λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 7μ›” 15일자 μ™Έκ΅κ³΅ν•œμ„ 톡해 μ˜΅μ„œλ²„ κ΅­κ°€λ‘œ κ°€μž…μ΄ λ˜μ—ˆμŒμ„ κ³΅μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ 톡보 λ°›μ•˜λ‹€. μ§€λ‚œ 6μ›” 29일과 30일 양일 κ°„ μ½œλ‘¬λΉ„μ•„ λΉ„μ•Ό 데 λ ˆμ΄λ°”μ—μ„œ 개졜된 νƒœν‰μ–‘λ™λ§Ή 외ꡐ·톡상μž₯κ΄€νšŒμ˜μ—μ„œ ν•œκ΅­μ„ λΉ„λ‘―ν•˜μ—¬ ν„°ν‚€, 쀑ꡭ, λ―Έκ΅­ λ“± 4개ꡭ의 μ˜΅μ„œλ²„ κ΅­κ°€ κ°€μž…μ‹ μ²­μ΄ μˆ˜λ½λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 이둜써 νƒœν‰μ–‘λ™λ§Ήμ˜ μ˜΅μ„œλ²„ κ΅­κ°€λŠ” κΈ°μ‘΄ 16개ꡭ(μ½”μŠ€νƒ€λ¦¬μΉ΄, νŒŒλ‚˜λ§ˆ, μΊλ‚˜λ‹€, 우루과이, 호주, λ‰΄μ§ˆλžœλ“œ, 슀페인, κ³Όν…Œλ§λΌ, 일본, ν”„λž‘μŠ€, 포λ₯΄νˆ¬κ°ˆ, μ˜¨λ‘λΌμŠ€, λ„λ―Έλ‹ˆμΉ΄κ³΅ν™”κ΅­, μ—˜μ‚΄λ°”λ„λ₯΄, 에콰도λ₯΄, 파라과이)κ³Ό μ‹ κ·œ κ°€μž… 4κ°œκ΅­μ„ λ”ν•˜μ—¬ 20개ꡭ으둜 ν™•λŒ€λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€

    50th Anniversary of Diplomatic Relationships between Korea and Ecuador(1962-2012): Analysis of the Foreign Policy from Korea to Ecuador

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    2013λ…„ 12μ›”7일 ν•œκ΅­λΌν‹΄μ•„λ©”λ¦¬μΉ΄ν•™νšŒ(LASAK) λ™κ³„ν•™μˆ λŒ€νšŒμ—μ„œ λ°œν‘œν•œ 논문을 μˆ˜μ •Β·λ³΄μ™„ν•œ λ…Όλ¬Έμž„.2012λ…„ 10μ›” 5일 ν•œκ΅­κ³Ό 에콰도λ₯΄κ°€ 외ꡐ관계λ₯Ό μˆ˜λ¦½ν•œμ§€ 50주년이 λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. μ§€λ‚œ λ°˜μ„ΈκΈ° λ™μ•ˆμ˜ ν•œ-에콰도λ₯΄ μ™Έκ΅κ΄€κ³„λŠ” 두 μ‹œκΈ°λ‘œ λΆ„λ₯˜ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. 첫 번째 μ‹œκΈ°λŠ” 1962λ…„ ν•œκ΅­μ΄ 에콰도λ₯΄μ™€ 외ꡐ관계λ₯Ό μˆ˜λ¦½ν•œ μ‹œκΈ°μ΄λ©° 1991λ…„ λ‚¨λΆν•œμ˜ μœ μ—” λ™μ‹œκ°€μž…μ΄ 이루어진 μ‹œκΈ°μ— ν•΄λ‹Ήλœλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹œκΉŒμ§€μ˜ λŒ€μ—μ½°λ„λ₯΄ μ£Όμš” 외ꡐ μ΄μŠˆλŠ” 냉전 μœ μ—”μ™Έκ΅μ™€ λ”λΆˆμ–΄ 1970λ…„λŒ€ 쀑동 μ˜€μΌμ‡Όν¬λ‘œ μ΄‰λ°œλœ μ›μœ μˆ˜μž… 닀변화정책에 따라 μ‹œν–‰λœ 에콰도λ₯΄μ‚° μ›μœ λ„μž…μ— 쀑점을 λ‘μ—ˆλ‹€. 두 번째 μ‹œκΈ°λŠ” ν†΅μƒΒ·κ²½μ œν˜‘λ ₯외ꡐ κ°•ν™”μ‹œκΈ°μ— ν•΄λ‹Ήλ˜λ©° ν•œκ΅­μ€ 1996λ…„ κ²½μ œν˜‘λ ₯개발기ꡬ(OECD) κ°€μž…μœΌλ‘œ λ‹€μž 및 지역 κ²½μ œν˜‘λ ₯ 외ꡐλ₯Ό μ „κ°œν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆλ‹€. 이렇듯 ν•œ-에콰도λ₯΄ μ–‘κ΅­κ΄€κ³„λŠ” ν•œκ΅­μ˜ λŒ€μ™Έμ •μ±…μ΄ λ°˜κ³΅μ΄λ…μ— κΈ°μ΄ˆν•œ μœ μ—”μ™Έκ΅μ—μ„œ 경제적인 μš”μΈμ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ‘” 경제 ν†΅μƒμ™Έκ΅λ‘œ μ „ν™˜λ˜μ–΄ μ™”λ‹€. 2007λ…„ κΌ¬λ ˆμ•„(Rafael Correa) λŒ€ν†΅λ Ή μ •κΆŒ μΆœλ²”μœΌλ‘œ 에콰도λ₯΄μ˜ μ •μΉ˜μ  경제적 상황이 λ³€ν™”ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆκ³  μ£Όμš” 외ꡐ 이슈인 ν•œλ°˜λ„ ν•΅λ¬Έμ œ, κ΅μ—­λΆˆκ· ν˜•, κ΅­μ œκ°œλ°œν˜‘λ ₯ κ·œλ²” λ“±μ—μ„œ 이견이 λ°œμƒν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 에콰도λ₯΄μ˜ 2008λ…„ ν—Œλ²•μ˜ 고유 μš”μ†Œμ™€ μ •λΆ€ λŒ€μ™Έμ •μ±…μ˜ κΈ°λ³Έλ…Έμ„ μœΌλ‘œ 지ν–₯ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μ£ΌκΆŒκ΅­κ°€λ‘œμ„œ λŒ€λ“±ν•œ 관계와 μƒν˜Έν˜Έν˜œμ˜ 원칙 및 λ‚΄μ •λΆˆκ°„μ„­ 등이 κ³ λ €λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•  것이닀. λ³Έκ³ λŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 문제 해결을 μœ„ν•œ λŒ€μ•ˆμ„ μ œμ‹œν•˜λŠ” ν•œνŽΈ 양ꡭ관계 증진을 μœ„ν•œ 기여에 λͺ©μ μ„ 두고 μžˆλ‹€.On October 5th of 2012 was the 50 year anniversary of Diplomatic relationships between Korea and Ecuador. The bilateral relations between these two countries for the past 5 decades can be classified into two periods: First period corresponds to the beginning of the diplomatic relations between Korea and Ecuador in 1962. And covers the entry of South Korea and North Korea to the UN in 1991. Until then the exterior politics of Korea towards Ecuador had been Cold War centric. In the seventies, the petroleum crisis in the Middle East causes Ecuadorian oil importation on accordance with the policy of source diversification for crude oil sources. The second period comprises the step of consolidation of foreign commerce diplomacy and economic cooperation, in which Korea started to develop multilateral diplomacy and regional cooperation by entering OECD in 1996. Koreas Foreign policy towards Ecuador that developed with the UN was mainly based on the anti-communist ideology which then moved towards foreign commerce and cooperation diplomacy giving importance to economic factors and bilateral relations. With the beginning term of President Rafael Correa in 2007 the political and economic situation in Ecuador started to change and some different opinions started to surge regarding diplomatic issues concerning the nuclear issue in the Korean peninsula, the trade imbalance and the regulations of the international cooperation for development, etc. To resolve such problems the factors of the 2008 constitution, the equitable relations as sovereign countries, the principles of mutual benefit and non-interference in national politics that are basic outlines of foreign policy of Ecuador must be taken into account. This paper aims to expose some alternatives to solve this issues and has the ultimate goal to work to strengthen the relations between these two counties.이 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 2013학년도 λ‹¨κ΅­λŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ—°κ΅¬λΉ„ μ§€μ›μœΌλ‘œ μ—°κ΅¬λ˜μ—ˆμŒ

    Ecuador’s attempt to transform to the knowledge economy : Yachay Knowledge City

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    λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” κΌ¬λ ˆμ•„ μ •λΆ€μ˜ κ°€μž₯ λŒ€ν‘œμ μΈ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμΈ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 경제개발 λͺ¨λΈλ‘œμ„œμ˜ 야차이 μ§€μ‹λ„μ‹œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 닀룬닀. 2010λ…„λΆ€ν„° 에콰도λ₯΄λŠ” 전톡적 경제λͺ¨λΈμΈ μ›μžμž¬μˆ˜μΆœκ²½μ œλ₯Ό νƒˆν”Όν•˜μ—¬ μ§€μ‹κ²½μ œλ‘œμ˜ μ „ν™˜μ„ μ‹œλ„ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 야차이 μ§€μ‹λ„μ‹œ 건섀 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ κ΅­κ°€ κ²½μ œμ™€ μ‚¬νšŒ κ°œμ„ μ„ μΆ”κ΅¬ν•˜λ©°, 1μ°¨ μ‚°ν’ˆ 수좜경제λ₯Ό μ§€μ‹κΈ°λ°˜μ˜ κ²½μ œμ™€ μ‚¬νšŒλ‘œ λ³€ν™”μ‹œμΌœ μˆ˜λ§‰ μΉ΄μš°μ‚¬μ΄λ₯Ό μ‹€μ²œν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. 야차이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλŠ” 높은 μ›μžμž¬ 수좜 μ˜μ‘΄λ„λ₯Ό κ°œμ„ ν•˜κ³ , μ²¨λ‹¨κΈ°μˆ μ‚°μ—… ν΄λŸ¬μŠ€ν„° ν˜•μ„±μ„ 톡해 κ³ κΈ‰ 일자리의 창좜과 κ΅­ν† μ˜ κ· ν˜•κ°œλ°œμ„ 도λͺ¨ν•˜λŠ” ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ΄λ‹€. 에콰도λ₯΄ μ •λΆ€κ°€ λŒ€λ•μ—°κ΅¬λ‹¨μ§€μ˜ ν•œκ΅­ν˜• κ³Όν•™κΈ°μˆ λ‹¨μ§€ 개발 μ •μ±…μ—μ„œ μ˜κ°μ„ μ–»μ–΄ 이와 μœ μ‚¬ν•œ 야차이 μ§€μ‹λ„μ‹œ 건섀 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό κ°œλ°œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈκ°€ 에콰도λ₯΄μ— μ•Œλ§žμ€ λͺ¨λΈμΈκ°€μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ…Όλž€μ˜ μ—¬μ§€λŠ” 있으며, μ΄λŠ” ν•œκ΅­κ³Ό 에콰도λ₯΄λŠ” λ°œμ „κ³Όμ •μ— λ§Žμ€ 차이가 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. 이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλŠ” μ •μΉ˜μ œλ„μ™€ 문화적 차이λ₯Ό λΉ„λ‘―ν•˜μ—¬ μ‚¬νšŒμ‘°μ§ ν˜•νƒœκ°€ 본질적으둜 λ‹€λ₯΄λ‹€λŠ” 것을 κ°μ•ˆν•˜μ—¬ 에콰도λ₯΄ ν˜„μ‹€μ— 맞고 라틴아메리카 μ§€μ—­μ˜ νŠΉμ„±μ΄ μΆ”μ§„μ „λž΅μ— 적절히 λ°˜μ˜λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. 에콰도λ₯΄μ˜ μ‚°μ—…λ°œμ „ 정도와 κ³Όν•™κΈ°μˆ μ˜ ν˜„μ‹€μ„ κ°μ•ˆν•˜λ‹€λ©΄ 이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈκ°€ 의미 μžˆλŠ” μ„±κ³Όλ₯Ό λ„μΆœν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  κ³Όμ œλ“€μ΄ 아직 많이 μžˆλ‹€. μ§€μ‹λ„μ‹œ κ±΄μ„€μ˜ μ„±νŒ¨ μ—¬λΆ€λŠ” μ •κΆŒκ΅μ²΄μ˜ 여뢀와 관계없이 지속적인 μ •μΉ˜μ  지원과 μ •λΆ€μ˜ μž¬μ •μ  지원에 λ‹¬λ €μžˆλ‹€. 야차이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλŠ” κ΅­μ œμ‹œμž₯의 변동에 의쑴된 μ›μžμž¬μˆ˜μΆœκ²½μ œμ—μ„œ μ§€μ‹κ²½μ œλ‘œ μ „ν™˜ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 에콰도λ₯΄ μ •λΆ€μ˜ κ³Όκ°ν•˜κ³  ν˜μ‹ μ μΈ μ‹œλ„μ΄λ‹€. This article discusses the most emblematic project of the government of Correa, Yachay Knowledge City as a new model of economic development. Since 2010 Ecuador has been attempting to transform their traditional economy model of raw materials exportation to that of knowledge. To achieve this they are constructing the project Yachay Knowledge City of which proposes to better the society and economy, by transforming the extractive economy to an economy based in knowledge with the motive of reaching Good Living. The Yachay Project proposes to achieve different objectives such as, correcting the high dependency of raw matter exportation; creation of quality employment with the development of technology and the balanced development of their national territory. Inspired by the development politics from the Science and Research park of Daedeok Research complex in Korea, Ecuador’s government decided to take on a similar project with the erection of Yachay Knowledge City. However, some doubts are present such as the appropriateness of this project due to the great differences in process development between Korea and Ecuador. The Project needs to adapt to Ecuador’s reality and take into account the Latin American region characteristics in their strategies for implementation also consider the differences in the political system, culture, and the social hierarchy. Seeing the current state of Science and industrial development including the technological advances in Ecuador, there are still many tasks they must complete before the project can bear substantial results. The success or failure of the construction of Yachay Knowledge City will depend on political backing and governmental financing remaining constant no matter the changes in government. Yachay Project is a daring and innovative attempt that Ecuador’s government is using to transform their raw matter export economy, which is always dependent on international pricing to an economy that deals knowledge
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