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    ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€์™€ ๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ํšํ•™๊ณผ, 2021. 2. ์ „์ƒ์ธ.๋Œ€ํ•™์€ ๋„์‹œ ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ์‚ฐํ•™ํ˜‘๋ ฅ, ์บ ํผ์Šคํ™•์žฅ, ๋„์‹œ์žฌ์ƒ, ์‹œ์„ค ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ, ๊ต์œก-์ธ์ ์ž์› ๊ณต์œ  ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ณ„ ์ง„ํ™”๊ณผ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ํŠน์ง•์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์—ญํ• ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์ณค์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณ€ํ™”๋œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์—ญํ•  ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์™€ ์ž์›์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ๋Œ€์  ์ด์ต์ถ”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์—ญํ• ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ™”ํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ  ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์™€ ๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋กœ ์‚ผ์•„ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ์ง„ํ™”๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ฒด๋“ค์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€ํ•™-์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ง„ํ™”๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš์  ํ•จ์˜๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค. ์šฐ์„  ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์—ญํ• ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋…ผ์˜์™€ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€์™€ ๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ง„ํ™”์˜ ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš์  ํ•จ์˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„์  ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์—ญํ• ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ 70๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 90๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ต์œก, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ๋ด‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต์  ๋Œ€ํ•™, 1990๋…„๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์„ ์‚ฐํ•™ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ง€์‹ ๊ต๋ฅ˜์— ์น˜์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…๊ฐ€์  ๋Œ€ํ•™, 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ณต์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ค‘์š”์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ˜์  ๋Œ€ํ•™์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆด๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ณ„ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์—ญํ•  ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋งž์ถฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€์™€ ๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ , ๋น„๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์บ ํผ์Šค ๋‚ด๋ถ€์™€ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ  ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€์™€ ๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ง„ํ™”์˜ ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš์  ํ•จ์˜๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, 1970๋…„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์‹œํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€์™€ ๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์ฃผ์ฒด๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ์—์„œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๋ณธ๋ถ€๋กœ, ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ด๋‚˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋‹จ์ฒด์—์„œ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๊ฐ”์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€-๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ์œ ๋„์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ๊ทผ๋ž˜์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์ฐฝ์—…์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฒค์ฒ˜์— ์น˜์ค‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ต๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๋„์‹œ์žฌ์ƒ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ™”์— ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์„ฏ์งธ, ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ „ํ†ต์  ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์—ญํ• ์ผ ๋‹น์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜์  ๋Œ€ํ•™์ด ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค.Universities are closely related to the structure of cities and communities. According to previous studies related to University-City relations, the types of their relations are industry-academia cooperation, campus expansion, urban regeneration, opening school facilities, sharing education, and more. However, since existing only studies focus on specific types of relationships, when it comes to the evolution of University-City relation, we face insufficient amount of understanding. Thus, it becomes important to understand the evolution of universitiesโ€™ roles and how the relations between universities and cities changed over time to find out implications on urban planning. This study is based on the belief that the University-City relations evolved and changed by changes of universitiesโ€™ role over time. Taking Seoul National University and Gwanak-gu as a case, the evolution of the relationship between them and the subjects that form the cooperative relationship are identified in this study. First of all, it starts with understanding the history of universities and cities, and then going through theoretical discussions on the role of universities. Later, through the analysis of case study of SNU and Gwanak-gu, the urban planning implications of the evolution of the relationship between universities and cities are examined. The analytical scope is formed based on the previous studies on evolution of university roles and re-constructed for Korean universitiesโ€™ time frame. It is divided into three periods, which are โ€˜Traditional Universityโ€™(1970s to early 1990s), โ€˜Entrepreneur Universityโ€™(1990s), and โ€˜Transformative Universityโ€™(after 2000). These three periods are analyzed into โ€˜spatialโ€™ relations and โ€˜non-spatialโ€™ relations, and the โ€˜spatialโ€™ relations between SNU and Gwanak-gu is sub-categorized into inner and outer space of Gwanak Campus. As a result, the urban planning implications of the evolution of the relationship between SNU and Gwanak-gu are followings. First, in 1970s, university students had formed spatial relationships with local communities that contributed to the urban environment. Second, SNU headquarter and Gwanak-gu Office originally began to form a cooperative relationship to resolve the spatial conflict. Third, as cooperation between them was emphasized, the subject of the university moved from students to the university headquarter, and the local community moved from residents or civic groups to local government. And the cooperative relationship between them is accelerated by the government-level induction policy. Fourth, there are lack of long-term cultural exchanges or other kinds of cooperations, because the recent cooperative relationship is only focused on business oriented cooperations such as start-ups or ventures. This potentially disturbs diversifying the direction of urban regeneration. Fifth, in the case of SNU, the role of a โ€˜Traditional Universityโ€™ was more similar to the type of cooperation that the โ€˜Transformative Universityโ€™ pursues.โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ 3 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์™€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 5 โ…ก. ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ๊ณ ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋…ผ์˜, ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€ 8 1. ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ 8 2. ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์—ญํ•  ๋ฐ ์œ ํ˜•ํ™” 11 3. ์œ ๊ด€ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  20 4. ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€ 23 โ…ข. ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์™€ ๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ ๊ฐœ์š” ๋ฐ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 28 1. ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต 28 2. ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ ๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ 30 โ…ฃ. ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€-๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ง„ํ™” 33 1. โ€œ์ „ํ†ต์ โ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™(1975๋…„ ~ 1990๋…„๋Œ€) 33 1) ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 33 2) ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์ „ํ†ต์  ์—ญํ•  35 3) ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์ง„์ถœ 38 4) โ€œ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ด‰์‚ฌโ€์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€ 46 2. โ€œ๊ธฐ์—…๊ฐ€์ โ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™(1990๋…„๋Œ€) 50 1) ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 50 2) ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ฐ€์  ์—ญํ•  51 3) ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ 52 4) โ€œ์ง€์—ญ์šด๋™โ€์˜ ์ „๊ฐœ 58 3. โ€œ๋ณ€ํ˜์ โ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™(2000๋…„๋Œ€ ~ ํ˜„์žฌ) 64 1) ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 64 2) ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜์  ์—ญํ•  66 3) ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํ˜‘๋ ฅ 67 4) โ€œ๋™๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์žฅโ€์˜ ์‹œ๋™ 81 โ…ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  87 1. ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ง„ํ™”๊ณผ์ • ๋‚ด์šฉ ์š”์•ฝ 87 2. ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš์  ํ•จ์˜ 90 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ํ–ฅํ›„๊ณผ์ œ 94 โ–  ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 96Maste
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