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    Effects of EMR and CDSS on hospital performance

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    보건정보관리학과/석사본 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 각 μ˜λ£ŒκΈ°κ΄€μ˜ EMRκ³Ό CDSS λ„μž…μ΄ λ³΄κ±΄λ³΅μ§€λΆ€μ˜ μ˜λ£ŒκΈ°κ΄€ν‰κ°€μ— μ˜ν•΄ μΈ‘μ •λœ 각 λ³‘μ›μ˜ 업무 성과에 μ–΄λ– ν•œ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 연ꡬ이닀. 연ꡬ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ 44개의 상급 μ’…ν•© 병원과 94개의 쒅합병원을 μ‘°μ‚¬ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 보건볡지뢀에 κ³ μ‹œλœ 2004λ…„λΆ€ν„° 2009λ…„μ˜ μ˜λ£ŒκΈ°κ΄€ν‰κ°€ κ²°κ³Ό 자료λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ˜λ£ŒκΈ°κ΄€ν‰κ°€μ˜ μ„ΈλΆ€ ν•­λͺ© μ€‘μ—μ„œ μ§„λ£Œμ²΄κ³„, 질 ν–₯상 체계, μ˜λ£Œμ •λ³΄/의무기둝, 응급, 검사, μ•½μ œ ν•­λͺ©μ„ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. EMRκ³Ό CDSS λ„μž… ν˜„ν™©μ€ 2005λ…„κ³Ό 2010년에 μ‹€ν–‰ν•œ 쑰사 자료λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜κ³  이번 μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μΆ”κ°€λ‘œ μ‘°μ‚¬ν•˜μ—¬ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum testλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ EMRκ³Ό CDSS λ„μž… 여뢀에 λ”°λ₯Έ μ˜λ£ŒκΈ°κ΄€ν‰κ°€ 1차와 2μ°¨κ°„μ˜ 점수 차이λ₯Ό λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. Logistic regression을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ EMRκ³Ό CDSS의 λ„μž…μ΄ 평가 μ μˆ˜μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 연ꡬ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” 상급 μ’…ν•© 병원과 쒅합병원 λͺ¨λ‘ EMR을 μ˜λ£ŒκΈ°κ΄€ν‰κ°€ 1μ°¨, 2μ°¨ λ•Œ λͺ¨λ‘ λ„μž…ν•œ κΈ°κ΄€μ˜ μ μˆ˜κ°€ κ°€μž₯ λ†’μ•˜κ³  1μ°¨ 평가 후에 EMR이 λ„μž…λœ 기관보닀 더 λ†’μ•˜λ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 상급 μ’…ν•© 병원 일수둝 EMRκ³Ό CDSS λ„μž…μœΌλ‘œ μ˜λ£ŒκΈ°κ΄€ 평가에 높은 점수λ₯Ό 받을 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ˜λ£ŒκΈ°κ΄€ ν‰μ μ˜ 각 μ„ΈλΆ€ ν•­λͺ©μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‘œμ§€μŠ€ν‹± 뢄석 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜μ„ λ•Œ, ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ, 응급 ν•­λͺ©μ„ μ œμ™Έν•œ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ 5개의 ν•­λͺ© λΆ€λ¬Έμ—μ„œ EMRκ³Ό CDSS λͺ¨λ‘ 평가 점수 ν–₯상에 κΈ°μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. 응급 ν•­λͺ©μ—μ„œλŠ” EMR λ„μž…λ§Œμ΄ 점수 ν–₯상에 κΈ°μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. 이와 같은 뢄석 κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” EMRκ³Ό CDSSκ°€ λ³‘μ›μ˜ 업무 성과에 긍정적인 영ν–₯이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Έλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ μž₯기적으둜 κ΅­λ‚΄ μ˜λ£ŒκΈ°κ΄€ν‰κ°€λ‚˜ κ΅­μ™Έμ˜ JCI(Joint Commission International)인증을 μœ„ν•œ λŒ€λΉ„μ±…κ³Ό 의료의 질, μš΄μ˜μ„±κ³Ό ν–₯상을 μœ„ν•΄ EMRκ³Ό CDSS λ„μž…μ„ 적극 ꢌμž₯ν•œλ‹€.ope

    λΆν•œ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ 계기 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±… λ³€λ™μš”μΈ 연ꡬ: 2μ°¨ 및 4μ°¨ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ μ „ν›„ 남뢁 ꡐλ₯˜ν˜‘λ ₯을 μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : ν–‰μ •λŒ€ν•™μ› ν–‰μ •ν•™κ³Ό, 2018. 2. ꢌ혁주.λΆν•œ ν•΅λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 30λ…„ λ„˜κ²Œ 이루어진 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ •μ±…κ³Ό 연ꡬ에도 λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  계속 μ•…ν™”λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 특히 λΆν•œμ€ 2006λ…„λΆ€ν„° 6μ°¨λ‘€μ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ§€μ†ν•˜λ©° ν•΅λŠ₯λ ₯을 κ³ λ„ν™”ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ€ κ°‘μž‘μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” μ•ˆλ³΄ μœ„κΈ°μ΄λ©°, λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ 변동 κ°€λŠ₯성을 λ†’μ΄λŠ” 관심 집쀑적 사건이닀. λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ λ°œμƒν•˜λ©΄ 남뢁 ꡐλ₯˜ν˜‘λ ₯은 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 크게 영ν–₯을 λ°›μ•„ 전면적인 쀑단이 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§ˆ κ°€λŠ₯성이 μ¦κ°€ν•œλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ°€λŠ₯성을 기반으둜 λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ 및 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 보편적인 μ˜ˆμƒμ΄ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅λŠ₯λ ₯이 κ³ λ„ν™”λ μˆ˜λ‘ λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ€ λ”μš± μ œμž¬μ™€ 압박을 μ€‘μ‹œν•˜λŠ” λ°©ν–₯으둜 λ³€λ™ν•˜λ©°, λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ λ°œμƒν•˜λ©΄ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ μ „ κ°ˆλ“±μ˜ 남뢁관계와 보수 μ •λΆ€, κ΅­μ œμ •μ„ΈλŠ” 남뢁 ꡐλ₯˜ν˜‘λ ₯을 λ‹¨μ ˆν•˜κ³  μ œμž¬μ™€ μ••λ°• μΌλ³€λ„λ‘œ λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ„ λ³€λ™ν•˜λ„λ‘ 촉진할 것이라고 μ˜ˆμƒν•œλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ λ°œμƒν•˜λ”λΌλ„ 막상 ν•œκ΅­μ˜ λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ€ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ˜ˆμƒκ³Ό μΌμΉ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κ²½μš°κ°€ λ§Žμ•˜λ‹€. 이에 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ •μ±…μ˜Ήν˜Έμ—°ν•©λͺ¨ν˜•κ³Ό 닀쀑흐름λͺ¨ν˜•μ„ κ²°ν•©ν•œ 볡합적 정책변동λͺ¨ν˜•μ„ λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ λΆν•œμ˜ 4μ°¨ 및 2μ°¨ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ „ν›„ν•œ μ‹œκΈ° λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ 변동을 μ΄ˆλž˜ν•˜λŠ” μš”μΈμ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³ , κ·Έ κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ 및 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 보편적인 μ˜ˆμƒμ΄ νƒ€λ‹Ήν•œμ§€, 변동을 μ΄ˆλž˜ν•˜λŠ” κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μš”μΈμ΄ 무엇인지 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Ό 4μ°¨ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ „ν›„ν•œ μ‹œκΈ° λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ€ μ „λ©΄μ μœΌλ‘œ λ³€λ™ν•˜κ³  변동이 μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ§€λœ 반면, 2μ°¨ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ „ν›„ν•œ μ‹œκΈ° λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ€ 뢀뢄적이고 μΌμ‹œμ μœΌλ‘œ λ³€λ™ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜, κ΅­λ‚΄ μ •μΉ˜μ  μš”μΈμ€ 변동을 μ΄‰μ§„ν•˜λŠ” μš”μΈμœΌλ‘œ, ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ μ΄ν›„μ˜ κ΅­μ œμ •μ„ΈλŠ” 변동을 μ–΅μ œν•˜λŠ” μš”μΈμœΌλ‘œ μž‘μš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ μ΄μ „μ˜ λ‚¨λΆκ΄€κ³„λŠ” 상황에 따라 μš”μΈμ˜ μ„±ν–₯이 λ‹¬λΌμ‘Œλ‹€. 연ꡬ 결과에 κ·Όκ±°ν•˜μ—¬ 첫째둜 λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅λŠ₯λ ₯ 증가와 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ 변동 μˆ˜μ€€μ€ λΉ„λ‘€ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ 남뢁 ꡐλ₯˜ν˜‘λ ₯을 κ°μ†Œμ‹œν‚€λŠ” μš”μΈμ΄μ§€λ§Œ, ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜λ§ˆλ‹€ ꡐλ₯˜ν˜‘λ ₯이 κ°μ†Œν•œ 정도와 기간은 차이가 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. ν•΅λŠ₯λ ₯보닀 λ”μš± μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 μ •μ±…κ²°μ •μžλ“€μ΄ μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ μˆ˜μ€€μ„ λ†’μ—¬ ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” 문제둜 νŒλ‹¨ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ—¬λΆ€μ˜€λ‹€. λ‘˜μ§Έλ‘œ λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ λ°œμƒν•  λ•Œ μ§‘κΆŒμ„Έλ ₯의 보수적 μ„±ν–₯은 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ 변동을 μ΄‰μ§„ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ‹€λ§Œ, μ§‘κΆŒμ„Έλ ₯의 보수적 μ„±ν–₯은 λ³€λ™μ˜ ν•„μš”μ‘°κ±΄μΌ 뿐 좩뢄쑰건은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ…‹μ§Έλ‘œ λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ λ°œμƒν•  λ•Œ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ μ΄μ „μ˜ 남뢁관계가 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ 변동 양상에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉœλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν˜‘λ ₯의 λ‚¨λΆκ΄€κ³„λŠ” λΆν•œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 배신감과 반감, λΆν•œμ˜ 잘λͺ»λœ 행동에 λŒ€ν•œ 처벌 μš”κ΅¬λ₯Ό ν™•μ‚°μ‹œμΌœ 정책변동을 μ΄‰μ§„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 반면, κ°ˆλ“±μ˜ λ‚¨λΆκ΄€κ³„λŠ” μœ„κΈ°κ΄€λ¦¬μ˜ ν•„μš”μ„±μ„ μ¦κ°€μ‹œμΌœ 정책변동을 μ–΅μ œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ„·μ§Έλ‘œ λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ λ°œμƒν•  λ•Œ κ΅­μ œμ •μ„ΈλŠ” λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ 변동을 μ–΅μ œν•œλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ―Έκ΅­κ³Ό 쀑ꡭ은 ν•œλ°˜λ„ μ •μ„Έμ˜ ν˜„μƒμœ μ§€λ₯Ό μ„ ν˜Έν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ œμž¬μ™€ λŒ€ν™”λ₯Ό λ³‘ν–‰ν•˜μ—¬ ν•œλ°˜λ„ μ •μ„Έλ₯Ό κ΄€λ¦¬ν•œλ‹€. λ‹€μ„―μ§Έλ‘œ κ΅­λ‚΄ μ •μΉ˜μ  μš”μΈμ΄ λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ μ „ν›„ λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ 변동에 κ°€μž₯ 결정적인 μš”μΈμ΄λΌλŠ” 사싀을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ •μ±… 변동을 μ΄‰μ§„ν•˜λŠ” κ΅­λ‚΄ μ •μΉ˜μ  μš”μΈκ³Ό λ‹€λ₯Έ μ–΅μ œ μš”μΈλ“€μ˜ 영ν–₯λ ₯ 쀑 μ–΄λŠ μͺ½μ΄ 더 큰지에 따라 λ³€λ™μ˜ μˆ˜μ€€κ³Ό 지속성에 차이가 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ„ΈλΆ€μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 유ꢌ자의 λ³΄μˆ˜ν™”, 단기간 λ‚΄ μ˜ˆμ •λœ μ„ κ±°, μ§‘κΆŒμ„Έλ ₯의 보수적 μ„±ν–₯, λ‹¨μ μ •λΆ€μ˜ ꡬ성, λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ˜ ν™œλ™μ— μ£Όλͺ©ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” λΆν•΅λ¬Έμ œμ˜ μš°μ„  해결을 μ„ ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” μ˜Ήν˜Έμ—°ν•©μ΄ λΆν•œμ˜ 4μ°¨ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ΄λΌλŠ” 계기λ₯Ό λ§žμ•„ κ΅­λ‚΄ μ •μΉ˜μ  μš”μΈκ³Ό 남뢁관계 μš”μΈμ„ ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ 전면적이고 지속적인 변동을 λ°œμƒμ‹œμΌ°λ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ λ°œμƒν•  경우 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ λ³€λ™κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ κ΅­λ‚΄ μ •μΉ˜μ  μš”μΈμ˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€κ³ , λ³€λ™μ˜ 촉진 μš”μΈκ³Ό μ–΅μ œ μš”μΈμ„ κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , λΆν•œ ν•΅λ¬Έμ œ 및 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 보편적 μ˜ˆμƒμ΄ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ νƒ€λ‹Ήν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŒμ„ 증λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ— λŒ€ν•œ 합리적인 μ€‘μž¬μ™€ ν‰κ°€μ˜ ν•„μš”μ„±μ„ ν™˜κΈ°ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€λŠ”λ° μ˜μ˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. μ •μ±…κ²°μ •μžλŠ” 변동 μš”μΈλ“€μ˜ 영ν–₯λ ₯을 μ’…ν•©μ μœΌλ‘œ κ²€ν† ν•˜κ³  μ •μ±… 변동을 좔진해야 ν•  것이닀.β… . μ„œλ‘  11 1.1 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ°°κ²½ 및 λͺ©μ  11 1.1.1 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ°°κ²½ 11 1.1.2 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ  12 1.2 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λŒ€μƒ 및 방법 14 1.2.1 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λŒ€μƒ 14 1.2.2 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 방법 15 β…‘. 이둠적 λ…Όμ˜ 및 선행연ꡬ κ²€ν†  17 2.1 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ μ˜μ˜μ™€ κ²½κ³Ό 17 2.1.1 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ κ°œλ… 17 2.1.2 λŒ€λΆμ •μ±…μ˜ νŠΉμ§• 18 2.1.3 μ—­λŒ€ μ •λΆ€μ˜ λŒ€λΆμ •μ±… κΈ°μ‘° 20 2.1.4 선행연ꡬ κ²€ν†  23 2.2 λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅κ°œλ°œκ³Ό κ΅­μ œμ‚¬νšŒμ˜ λŒ€μ‘ 26 2.1.1 λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅κ°œλ°œ λͺ©μ  26 2.1.2 λΆν•œμ˜ ν•΅κ°œλ°œ κ²½κ³Ό 및 λŠ₯λ ₯ 27 2.1.3 ν•œκ΅­ 및 μ£Όλ³€κ΅­μ˜ λŒ€μ‘ 32 2.1.4 선행연ꡬ κ²€ν†  34 2.3 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ μ˜μ˜μ™€ λͺ¨ν˜• 37 2.3.1 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ 의의 37 2.3.2 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ λͺ¨ν˜• 37 β…’. 연ꡬ 섀계 42 3.1 연ꡬ 문제 42 3.2 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 뢄석틀 43 3.2.1 연ꡬ λͺ¨ν˜• 43 3.2.2 자료의 μˆ˜μ§‘ 및 뢄석 방법 45 β…£. 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Ό 48 4.1 λΆν•œμ˜ 4μ°¨ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ μ „ν›„ λŒ€λΆμ •μ±… 변동과정 48 4.1.1 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ ν™˜κ²½ 48 4.1.2 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ 계기 61 4.1.3 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ 처리 66 4.1.4 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ κ²°κ³Ό 72 4.2 λΆν•œμ˜ 2μ°¨ ν•΅μ‹€ν—˜ μ „ν›„ λŒ€λΆμ •μ±… 변동과정 77 4.2.1 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ ν™˜κ²½ 77 4.2.2 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ 계기 86 4.2.3 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ 처리 90 4.2.4 μ •μ±…λ³€λ™μ˜ κ²°κ³Ό 94 4.3 μ†Œκ²° 97 β…€. κ²°λ‘  100 5.1 μš”μ•½ 및 μ‹œμ‚¬μ  100 5.1.1 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μš”μ•½ 100 5.1.2 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ‹œμ‚¬μ  102 5.2 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ν•œκ³„ 및 λ°œμ „λ°©μ•ˆ 104 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 105 Abstract 122Maste

    μ•½κ°€ μΈν•˜μ™€ κ³ ν˜ˆμ•• μ•½μ œ κΈ‰μ—¬ 및 처방 기쀀이 의료 μ‚¬μš©ν–‰νƒœμ™€ μ§€μΆœμ— 미친 영ν–₯

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    Dept. of Public Health/박사Background: Increases in pharmaceutical expenditures constitute a major issue, and in response, the Korean government has reformed the drug pricing system and adopted new guideline for prescription and reimbursement. These policies were intended to reduce drug prices and restrict reimbursement from inappropriate prescriptions.Objectives: The present study was conducted to identify the effects of the new pricing system and new guideline for antihypertensive drugs on utilization and expenditures in Korea.Methods: Decomposition analysis was conducted for the macro perspective and segmented regression analysis was for stochastic analysis with 54,295 subjects which were only with primary hypertension in the data. National patient sample data of Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service was used in both analyses. The study period was from March 2011 to December 2013. The dependent variables were daily drug utilization, prescribing days, average number of drugs per month, percentage of original drugs per prescription, drug overutilization and prohibited combinations for antihypertensive drug utilization, and antihypertensive drug costs, antihypertensive drug cost per prescribing day, outpatient medical costs whose primary diagnosis was primary hypertension(I10-I13) for expenditures.Results: The results of decomposition analysis indicated that total pharmaceutical expenditures decreased by 9.8% after implementation of the pricing policy, and by an additional 5.9% after the guideline was adopted. Following the implementation of the new pricing policy, the quantity index (-3%) and expenditures (-25%) of price-reduced drugs decreased, but the quantity (2%) and expenditures(5%) of not price-reduced drugs increased. The expenditures in both groups (price-reduced: -7%; not price-reduced: -5%) decreased without increasing quantities after the new guideline was implemented. The indexes of therapeutic choice in both groups increased slightly following both policies. These policies could not control expensive drugs such as angiotensin receptor blockers and calcium channel blockers.From the results of segmented regression, these policies saved approximately USD 5.47 (29.1%) of sum of antihypertensive drug costs and outpatient medical cost, and USD 4.22 (28%) of antihypertensive drug costs in December 2013 compared to March 2012. The effect of the new guideline reduced expenditures more than the new drug pricing system in a segmented regression analysis. Original drug utilization rates did not change significantly as a function of the policies. Drug overutilization and prohibited combinations increased after the new pricing system, and decreased after the new guideline.Conclusions: Policymakers must consider the side effects and the comprehensive effects when controlling drug price directly. The policies saved money, but there were some side effects caused by the new pricing system. The guideline which is a kind of soft regulations was more effective, more reliable, less side effects than the direct cost control.ope

    Cost of Illness due to Maternal Disorders in Korea

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