Work-related musculoskeletal pain and job stress in physical therapists

인간공학치료학전공/석사[한글]이 연구의 목적은 물리치료사의 직무관련 근골격계 통증과 이와 관련된 요소들의 특성, 조직내에서의 직무관련 스트레스를 분석하는 것이다. 연구자는 강원도에 근무하는 물리치료사 180명을 대상으로 직무와 관련된 근골격계 통증, 통증 부위, 통증강도, 통증양상과 물리적 환경, 직무요구도, 직무자율성, 관계갈등, 직무 불안정성, 조직체계, 보상체계, 직장문화 영역에서 직무 스트레스 정도 등을 조사하였다. 직무관련 통증이 치료업무에 지장을 초래할 정도로 심한 부위는 허리(30.1%), 어깨(29.3%), 손목(12.0%)의 순서이었다. 자각적 근골격계 통증의 발생 원인으로‘같은 작업을 반복적으로 수행한다’에 많이 응답하였고, 예방 및 치료를 위해서는 휴식을 취한다는 응답이 전체의 35.5%이었으며, 58.5%는 운동을 거의 하지 않았다. 직무관련 근골격계 통증을 경험한 경우는 응답자 전체의 80.1%이었다. 물리치료사의 연령이 낮을수록 물리적환경(p<0.05), 요구도(p<0.05), 조직체계(p<0.05)에 대한 직무스트레스가 높았다. 여자는 직무관련 요구도, 직무 자율성, 조직체계, 보상체계 4가지 항목에서 직무 스트레스가 높았고, 남자는 불안전성에 대한 직무 스트레스가 높았다. 이상의 결과로부터 물리치료사는 근골격계 질환의 위험이 높다는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 근골격계 질환을 최소화시키기 위한 예방 교육, 치료 장비의 인간공학적 디자인, 근무조건에 대한 심리사회적 접근, 치료동작과 관련된 역학적 조건의 개선, 인력 배치 등에 대한 제도적 기반의 구축과 같은 다각적 조치가 필요하다. [영문]This study investigated the relationships between work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs), contributing factors, and the occupational stress of physical therapists. Self-reported questionnaires were given to 180 physical therapists in Gangwon Province. Variables examined included the prevalence of pain sites related to WRMSDs; pain intensity; pain pattern; and job stress, which is thought to involve the physical environment; job demand; insufficient job control; interpersonal conflict; job insecurity; organizational system; reward system; and occupational culture. Among physical therapists, work-related musculoskeletal pain commonly affected the low back (30.1%), shoulder (29.3%), and wrist (12.2%). The sites of work-related musculoskeletal pain treated medically were the low back (22.8%), shoulder (19.8%), neck (12.7%), and wrist (12.1%). “Repeating the same work constantly” was suggested to be the major cause of the pain. Of the participating physical therapists, 58.5% did not participate in any type of exercise. Specific intervention strategies must be developed to prevent WRMSDs because 80.1% of the physical therapists studied experienced work-related musculoskeletal pain. The younger therapists were significantly more likely to feel high job stress due to the physical environment (p<0.05), job demand (p<0.05), and organizational system (p<0.01). Women were more likely to feel greater job stress related to job demand, insufficient job control, the organization system, and job rewards. Men were more likely to feel greater job stress related to job insecurity. Weak positive relationships were observed between work-related musculoskeletal pain and job stress, which is thought to involve the physical environment; job demand; insufficient job control; interpersonal conflict; job insecurity; organizational system; reward system; and occupational culture. Physical therapists appear to be at higher risk of WRMSDs. To reduce the risk, we need intervention strategies such as preventive education, ergonomically designed medical equipment, a psychosocial approach to work conditions, improved mechanical conditions related to therapeutic patterns, and an institutional infrastructure with sufficient personnel and scheduling.restrictio