9 research outputs found

    Changes in Aerosol Light Absorption Observed in East Asia during the COVID-19 Lockdown

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์ž์—ฐ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ง€๊ตฌํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™๋ถ€, 2022.2. ๊น€์ƒ์šฐ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 2020๋…„ 1์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํ™œ๋™ ๋ด‰์‡„ ์กฐ์น˜๋กœ ์ธ์œ„์ ์ธ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๋ฐ ์ „๊ตฌ๋ฌผ์งˆ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋™์•„์‹œ์•„ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ด€์ธก๋œ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณต์‚ฌํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ƒ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ด€์ธก(in-situ)๊ณผ AERONET ์ฌํฌํ† ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ฃผ ํŠน์„ฑ ๊ด€์ธก ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™ ํŠน์„ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์–‘์ƒ์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, 2020๋…„ 2์›”๊ณผ 3์›”์— ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™๋‘๊ป˜์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ธก๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, 2020๋…„ 3์›”์— ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™๋‘๊ป˜๊ฐ€ ์ด์ „ 5๋…„(2015-2019) ํ‰๊ท  ๋Œ€๋น„ ์•ฝ 31-46% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ์˜ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™๋‘๊ป˜ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์•ฝ 22-34% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—์„œ ๊ด€์ธก๋œ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ๋ž€ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด์ „ 5๋…„ ํ‰๊ท  ๋Œ€๋น„ 2020๋…„ 3-4์›”์— ์•ฝ 20% ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด, ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ธก๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋œ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™๋‘๊ป˜์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ์ง์ ‘๋ณต์‚ฌ ๊ฐ•์ œ๋ ฅ์€ 2020๋…„ 3์›” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์•ฝ 17-28% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ง์ ‘๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ฐ•์ œํšจ์œจ์€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ด์ „ 5๋…„(2015๋…„ -2019๋…„)๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ฝ 24-36% ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ๋น„์œจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ท€๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™๋‘๊ป˜์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ ๋Œ€๋น„ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ฐ•์ œ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ์›์ธ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.Anthropogenic aerosol and precursor emissions decreased due to the lockdown measures implemented to stop the spread of COVID-19 that started in January 2020. In this study, the changes in the light absorption characteristics of aerosols observed in East Asia and the climate effects were investigated using the ground in-situ observation data and column observation data through AERONET. Although differences in the pattern of changes in aerosol optical properties according to regions, in February and March 2020, aerosol optical depth (AOD) significantly decreased over East Asia. In particular, in March 2020, AOD decreased by 31-46% compared to the previous 5-year mean. Absorption aerosol optical depth (AAOD), which indicates the degree of aerosol light absorption in the atmospheric column, also decreased by 22-34% during the same period. The surface aerosol scattering coefficient observed at Anmyon decreased by about 20% in March-April compared to the previous 5-year mean, whereas the aerosol absorption coefficient showed no significant difference. PSCF analysis confirmed that the aerosol absorption coefficient in 2020 was strongly affected by the light absorbing aerosols from domestic sources. The aerosol direct radiative forcing at the surface decreased by 17-28 % due to the decrease of AOD, but the direct radiative forcing efficiency at the atmosphere increased by 24-36% in March 2020 compared to the previous 5 years. The ratio of light absorbing aerosol to scattering aerosol increased, and the decrease in radiative forcing was small compare to the decrease of AOD.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  4 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 5 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๊ด€์ธก ์ง€์  5 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๊ด€์ธก ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ 7 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ํ™ฉ์‚ฌ ์ž…์ž(ํ™๋จผ์ง€)์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ํšจ๊ณผ ์ œ๊ฑฐ 12 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 13 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๊ด€์ธก ๊ฐœํ™ฉ 13 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ฃผ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ๊ด‘ํ•™ ํŠน์„ฑ 16 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ๊ด‘ํ•™ ํŠน์„ฑ 22 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ์ง์ ‘๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ฐ•์ œ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ฐ•์ œํšจ์œจ 26 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 29 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 31 Abstract 37์„

    Changes in Aerosol Light Absorption Observed in East Asia during the COVID-19 Lockdown

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 2020๋…„ 1์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํ™œ๋™ ๋ด‰์‡„ ์กฐ์น˜๋กœ ์ธ์œ„์ ์ธ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๋ฐ ์ „๊ตฌ๋ฌผ์งˆ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋™์•„์‹œ์•„ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ด€์ธก๋œ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณต์‚ฌํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ƒ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ด€์ธก(in-situ)๊ณผ AERONET ์ฌํฌํ† ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ฃผ ํŠน์„ฑ ๊ด€์ธก ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™ ํŠน์„ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์–‘์ƒ์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, 2020๋…„ 2์›”๊ณผ 3์›”์— ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™๋‘๊ป˜์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ธก๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, 2020๋…„ 3์›”์— ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™๋‘๊ป˜๊ฐ€ ์ด์ „ 5๋…„(2015-2019) ํ‰๊ท  ๋Œ€๋น„ ์•ฝ 31-46% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ์˜ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™๋‘๊ป˜ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์•ฝ 22-34% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—์„œ ๊ด€์ธก๋œ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ๋ž€ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด์ „ 5๋…„ ํ‰๊ท  ๋Œ€๋น„ 2020๋…„ 3-4์›”์— ์•ฝ 20% ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด, ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ธก๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋œ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™๋‘๊ป˜์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ์ง์ ‘๋ณต์‚ฌ ๊ฐ•์ œ๋ ฅ์€ 2020๋…„ 3์›” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์•ฝ 17-28% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ง์ ‘๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ฐ•์ œํšจ์œจ์€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ด์ „ 5๋…„(2015๋…„ -2019๋…„)๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ฝ 24-36% ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ๋น„์œจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ท€๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ ๊ด‘ํ•™๋‘๊ป˜์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ ๋Œ€๋น„ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ฐ•์ œ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ์›์ธ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.Anthropogenic aerosol and precursor emissions decreased due to the lockdown measures implemented to stop the spread of COVID-19 that started in January 2020. In this study, the changes in the light absorption characteristics of aerosols observed in East Asia and the climate effects were investigated using the ground in-situ observation data and column observation data through AERONET. Although differences in the pattern of changes in aerosol optical properties according to regions, in February and March 2020, aerosol optical depth (AOD) significantly decreased over East Asia. In particular, in March 2020, AOD decreased by 31-46% compared to the previous 5-year mean. Absorption aerosol optical depth (AAOD), which indicates the degree of aerosol light absorption in the atmospheric column, also decreased by 22-34% during the same period. The surface aerosol scattering coefficient observed at Anmyon decreased by about 20% in March-April compared to the previous 5-year mean, whereas the aerosol absorption coefficient showed no significant difference. PSCF analysis confirmed that the aerosol absorption coefficient in 2020 was strongly affected by the light absorbing aerosols from domestic sources. The aerosol direct radiative forcing at the surface decreased by 17-28 % due to the decrease of AOD, but the direct radiative forcing efficiency at the atmosphere increased by 24-36% in March 2020 compared to the previous 5 years. The ratio of light absorbing aerosol to scattering aerosol increased, and the decrease in radiative forcing was small compare to the decrease of AOD.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  4 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 5 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๊ด€์ธก ์ง€์  5 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๊ด€์ธก ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ 7 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ํ™ฉ์‚ฌ ์ž…์ž(ํ™๋จผ์ง€)์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ด‘ํก์ˆ˜ ํšจ๊ณผ ์ œ๊ฑฐ 12 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 13 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๊ด€์ธก ๊ฐœํ™ฉ 13 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ฃผ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ๊ด‘ํ•™ ํŠน์„ฑ 16 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ๊ด‘ํ•™ ํŠน์„ฑ 22 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์—์–ด๋กœ์กธ์˜ ์ง์ ‘๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ฐ•์ œ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ฐ•์ œํšจ์œจ 26 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 29 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 31 Abstract 37์„
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