27 research outputs found
Real-time CT Fluoroscopy (CTF)-Guided Vertebroplasty in Osteoporotic Spine Fractures
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility, benefits, and limitations of CT fluoroscopy (CTF)-guided percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). PVP under the guidance of CTF without additional guidance by conventional C-arm fluoroscopy was performed in a total of 29 vertebral bodies in 21 patients with vertebral compression fractures. While monitoring sectional CTF images, the needle was advanced from the skin to the target vertebra. Contrast media and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were injected into the target vertebra with careful monitoring of their distribution. After the procedure, an evaluation was conducted to determine whether extraosseous leakage of PMMA occurred and whether sufficient filling of PMMA had been achieved. Needle placement into the target vertebra was easily achieved with both the transpedicular and posterolateral approaches. Injection of PMMA and venous leakage of contrast media were carefully monitored in all patients, and early detection of PMMA leaking was achieved in 5 patients. Extraosseous leakage that had not been detected during the procedure was not found upon postoperative evaluation. Pain scales were significantly decreased after the procedure, and no obvious complications occurred following the procedure. CTF-guided PVP without the combined use of C-arm fluoroscopy was feasible and showed definite benefits. We believe that, in spite of some limitations, CTF-guided PVP provides an alternative technique appropriate in certain situations
A Study on Maritime Object Detection based on Deep Learning using Collage Data Augmentation
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Total Body Replacement with an Expandable Cage after en Bloc Lumbar Spondylectomy
Complete vertebral tumor resection is important in order to prevent local recurrence. Among the available techniques for total spondylectomy, the total en bloc spondylectomy has been accepted as the most sophisticated one. After a total en bloc spondylectomy, anterior and posterior column reconstruction is mandatory in order to achieve stability. We experienced the usefulness of an expandable cage for anterior column reconstruction especially in this surgery. The chance of cutting the nerve root and damaging the spinal cord is minimized because the size of the expandable cage is initially small enough to be inserted into the anterior column. The technical details of total vertebral body replacement with an expandable cage after an en bloc lumbar spondylectomy are described herein.ope
Characteristics and pathway of the somatosensory evoked field potentials in the rat
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체κ°κ°νΌμ§ μ λ°μ μ(somatosensory evoked potential ; SSEP)λ μ€μΆμ κ²½κ³μ λ§μ΄μ κ²½κ³μ κΈ°λ₯μ μΈ‘μ κ°μνκΈ° μν΄μ λλ¬Όμ€νκ³Ό μμμ€νμ μ μ©λλ€. μ΄λ¬ν SSEP μ°κ΅¬λ μ΄λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ νλ λ€μν κΈ°λ‘λ°©λ²κ³Ό λ€μν ννμ ννμ λ³΄κ³ ν΄ μλ€.
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ν λ°©λ²μ΄ μμμΌλ©°, λν SSEPμ κΈ°λ‘μ μ¬μ©νλ μ κ·Ήμ μ’
λ₯λ, νμ±μ κ·Ήκ³Ό 보쑰μ κ·Ήμ μλμ μμΉλ κΉμ΄μ λ°λΌμ SSEPμ ννκ° λ€λ₯΄κ² λνλ μ μλ€. μ΄μ λνμ¬ μ²κ° μ λ°μ μ κ²μ¬ λ±μ λ€λ₯Έ κ²μ¬λ‘λ λκ° μλΆ κ²½λ‘μ λν μ λΉν κΈ°λ‘λ°©λ²μ΄ μμλ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ κΈ°μ‘΄μ μ€νμμ λ³΄λ€ μΌκ΄μ μΈ SSEPλ₯Ό κΈ°λ‘νλ λ°©λ²μ μμ보기 μν΄, ν°μ₯μμ μΉ¨μ΅μ μΈ λ°©λ²μΌλ‘ μΌμ λΆμμ νΌμ§μ체μμμ μ λ°μ₯μ μλ₯Ό μΈ‘μ νλ €λ λͺ©μ μΌλ‘ μ μλ μ κ·Ήμ μ¬μ©νμ¬ μ²΄κ°κ°νΌμ§μ SSEFP(somatosensory evoked field potential)λ₯Ό κΈ°λ‘νλ€. μ΄ μ κ·Ήμ λλνΌμ§μ 1.4mm μ§κ²½μ μνμ μ μ΄μμΌμ 보쑰μ κ·ΉμΌλ‘ νκ³ , μ΄ μνμ μ€μ¬λΆμμλ 0.2mmμ κ΅΅κΈ°μ 1.5mm κΈΈμ΄μ μ μ°λ μ¬μ΄ λμΆλμ΄μ λλνΌμ§μ μ½μ
νμ¬ νμ±μ κ·ΉμΌλ‘ μΈ μ μκ² μ μλμλ€. μ΄ μ κ·Ήμ μ΄μ©νμ¬, μ€ν 1μμλ 체κ°κ°νΌμ§μ λ€μν μμμμ μ’골 μ κ²½μ μ κΈ°μκ·Ήνμ¬ μ λ°λ SSEFPμ νΉμ±μ μ΄ν΄ 보μλ€. μ΄λ₯Ό μν΄ μ₯μ 체κ°κ°νΌμ§ μμμ 18κ° μμΉμμ 체κ°κ°νΌμ§ SSEFPλ₯Ό κΈ°λ‘νμλ€. μ€ν 2μμλ 체κ°κ°νΌμ§, μμ, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λ°μν΅μμ SSEFPλ₯Ό λμμ μΌλ‘ ν¬μ°© κΈ°λ‘ν¨μΌλ‘μ κ·Έ μ λλ‘λ₯Ό μμ보μλ€. λ€μ λ§ν΄μ νμ£Όμ 체κ°κ° μ λλ‘μμ μμΉν λ€λ₯Έμμμμ ν¬μ°©ν SSEPμ ννμ νΉμ±μ λΆμνμλ€.
κ²°λ‘ μ μΌλ‘, λΈ μ€νμμ SSEFPλ₯Ό κΈ°λ‘νκΈ° μν΄ μ¬μ©ν μ κ·Ήμ SSEFPλ₯Ό μΌκ΄μ μΌλ‘ ν¬μ°©ν μ μμμ΄ λ°νμ‘λ€. μ€ν 1μ 체κ°κ°νΌμ§μμ κΈ°λ‘λ SSEFPμ 첫 λ²μ§ΈνμΈ μνμ κ·Έ νμ λ°λ₯΄λ μνλ μ μ (bregma)μμ μΈμΈ‘μΌλ‘ 2mm, νμΈ‘μΌλ‘ 2mmμμ κ°μ₯ μ ν¬μ°©λλ€λ κ²μ 보μ¬μ£Όμλ€. κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ€ν 2λ SSEPκ° νμ£Όμμ 체κ°κ° μ λλ‘λ₯Ό λ°λΌ 체κ°κ°νΌμ§λ‘ μ λλ¨μ μ§μ§νμμΌλ©°, κ° λΆμμμμ νμ λͺ¨μ, μ μ¬κΈ°, μ λμλλ₯Ό μμλμΌλ‘μ¨, μΆν μ²μμμ λͺ¨νλΏ μλλΌ λμλμ¦, λμΆν, λκ²½μ λ±μ λκ°μλΆ λ³λ³μ λν΄μλ μ κΈ°μ리νμ μ°κ΅¬μ κΈ°μ΄μλ£λ‘ νμ© ν μ μμ κ²μΌλ‘ μ¬λ£λλ€.
[μλ¬Έ]
Somatosensory evoked potentials(SSEPs) have been used widely both experimentally and clinically to monitor the function of central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Studies of SSEPs have reported the various recording techniques and patterns of SSEP.
The previous SSEP studies used scalp recording electrodes, showed mean vector potentials which included relatively constant brainstem potentials (far-field potentials) and unstable thalamocortical pathway potentials (near-field potentials). Even in invasive SSEP recording methods, thalamocortical potentials
were variable according to the kinds, depths, and distance of two electrodes. So they were regarded improper method for monitoring of upper level of brainstein. At this study, in order to recording the constant cortical field potentials, a specially designed recording electrode (NE-120, Kopf Instruments) was inserted into the cerebral cortex perpendicular to the cortical surface. The present study investigated 1) the characteristics of SSEFPs of the cerebral cortex that evoked by hindlimb stimulation using ball electrode and 2) the pathway by recording the potentials simultaneously in the cortex, VPL nucleus of thalamus, and nucleus gracilis.
In the first experiment, SSEPs mapped from different areas of somatosensory cortex were analyzed. Using this recording technique, the present study could constantly obtain the cortical field potential, and it revealed that the first large positive and following negative waves were largest at the 2mm posterior and 2mm lateral to the bregma in the contralateral somatosensory cortex. And results of second experiment showed that the SSEP potentials were passed by way of posterior column somatosensory pathway and thalamocortical pathway. The characteristic shapes, latencies, and conduction velocities of each potentials are thought to be used the fundamental data of the future study of upper level of brainstem function, including the hydrocephalus model, middle cerebral artery ischemia model and so forth.restrictio
A Study on the electrochemical corrosion of dental base metal alloys in the various electrolytes
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Modified techniques to prevent sagittal imbalance after cervical arthroplasty
STUDY DESIGN:
Retrospective study of radiographic outcomes in patients undergoing single level cervical arthroplasty with the Bryan cervical disc (Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Memphis, TN).
OBJECTIVE:
This study was designed to determine whether modification of disc insertion angle and insertion depth are effective in preventing segmental or whole cervical kyphosis after arthroplasty.
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:
Preservation of segmental motion and aggravation of kyphosis are known challenges after arthroplasty. However, there are currently no proven preventative factors for kyphosis. Change in disc insertion angle was only reported effective for avoiding endplate kyphosis. Additionally, it was difficult to predict the effect of insertion angle on overall sagittal alignment. There have been no studies regarding the correlation between insertion depth and sagittal alignment.
METHODS:
A total of 41 patients with single-level arthroplasty were evaluated. Radiologic assessment using neutral cervical radiographs at the long-term was performed. Linear regression analysis between insertion angle, insertion depth, postoperative sagittal alignment, functional spinal unit angle, and shell angle were performed.
RESULTS:
Disc insertion angle and insertion depth demonstrated significant negative correlation with the postoperative shell angle. Lordotic insertion angle and an anteriorly located disc led to lordosis in the shell angle. Overall sagittal alignment showed a tendency to correlate with insertion angle. By the result of effect of insertion angle ranging from 3.5 degrees to 7.5 degrees on the sagittal alignment and shell angle, we can hypothesize paradoxical biomechanical stress on the other segments.
CONCLUSION:
Arthroplasty using the Bryan disc provided a favorable clinical and radiologic outcome thus far; however, we should not underestimate emergent adverse outcomes. To prevent postoperative sagittal imbalance after cervical arthroplasty, intentional modification in disc insertion angle and depth would be helpful. Unexpected compensatory biomechanical loads should be elucidated in future studies.ope
Outcome of craniopharyngioma treatment
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Author reviewed clinical data of seventy-six patients with craniopharyngioma treated at the department of neurosurgery, Yonsei medical center between January, 1980, and June, 1994, They consisted of 37 male and 39 female patients and 47 percent of them were under 15 years of age. Headache and visual deficits were the most common symptoms on admission, Surgical . procedure was performed using several approaches; fronto-temporal approach(63 cases:83%), transcallosal approach, transsphenoidal approach, transcortical approach. At the first operation, total
resection of the tumor was performed in 12 cases (15,8%) and subtotal resection was performed in 64 patients. Postoperative radiation was given to 47 patients in the dosage between 4500 rads and 6000 rads. Those who underwent subtotal resection with
adjuvant radiation showed significant better functional class and survival comparing with those who either underwent total or subtotal surgical resection only(p<0,05). Endocrine (38,2%) and visual deficits (22.4%) were common after surgery. The result of this study indicated that total excision of craniopharyngioma should be performed when feasible, but in cases where total
resection was seemed to be unsafe, subtotal removal along with adjuvant radiation may be more effective. The use of modern surgical and radiation equipment and technique along with MRI imaging should yield improved outcome both in terms of lower recurrence and lower morbidity rates.restrictio
The efficacy of microendoscopic discectomy in reducing iatrogenic muscle injury
OBJECT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the invasiveness of microendoscopic discectomy (MED) in comparison with microscopic discectomy (MD) by measuring serum levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK)-MM and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-5, and by comparing visual analog scale (VAS) scores of postoperative pain.
METHODS: This study included a group of 15 patients who underwent surgery using MED and 15 patients who underwent surgery using MD, both for single-level unilateral herniated nucleus pulposus. The CPK-MM and LDH-5 levels were measured at admission and after 1, 3, and 5 days postoperatively. Pain assessment was recorded using scores raging from 0 to 10 on a subjective VAS at admission and at 1, 3, and 5 days postoperatively.
RESULTS: The mean CPK-MM levels were lower for the MED group than for the MD group at both 3 (576.1 +/- 286.3 IU/L compared with 968.1 +/- 377.8 IU/L) and 5 days (348.1 +/- 231.0 IU/L compared with 721.7 +/- 463.2) postoperatively (p < 0.05). The mean VAS scores for postoperative back pain were lower in the MED group than in the MD group, both at 1 (3.3 +/- 2.3 compared with 5.8 +/- 1.5) and 5 days (1.9 +/- 1.1 compared with 3.6 +/- 1.1) postoperatively (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: The MED procedure is less invasive than MD, and causes less muscle damage and less back painope
Spontaneous Bursting Collapse of a PMMA Augmented Vertebra: A Rare Complication of Vertebroplasty
Previous studies have shown that vertebroplasty using PMMA is a safe and effective treatment for vertebral compression fractures. This case shows that spontaneous bursting fracture can develop even after cement augmentation. In summary, proposed etiologies of this phenomenon are β insufficient interdigitation of bone cement due to high viscosity, β‘ inflammation of foreign body reaction, β’ interfered bone remodeling, and β£ thermal necrosis. New filler materials which have similar mechanical characteristics compared with bone and are not causing inflammation, foreign body reaction, not generating excessive heat are needed for more successful outcome in vertebroplasty.ope
Surgical management of paraspinal tumors
Objective: Paraspinal tumors are uncommon and surgically challenging. We reviewed 26 consecutive cases of paraspinal tumors to evaluate clinical features and surgical approaches.
Materials and methods: All patients with paraspinal tumors who underwent surgery at our institute between 1998 and 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Radiologic examinations and medical records were reviewed and additional follow-up information was obtained by telephone interview. Mean follow-up period was 2.5 years.
Results: Incidence of paraspinal tumor was 6.2%(26 cases of 417 spinal tumors reported during the same period). The most frequent pathology was schwannoma(n=15) followed by neurofibroma(n=4). Back pain was the most common presenting symptom. Anatomical characteristics of paraspinal tumors including size and location made it difficult to expose themselves by classic posterior approach. Surgical resection was via anterior cervical or periclavicular(n=6), retroperitoneal(n=6), posterior(n=5), transperitoneal(n=2), lateral extracavitory(n=2), transthoracic(n=1) approaches and two-stage combined operations(n=4). Total removal could be achieved in 23 patients(88%). Tumor recurrence was noted in 3 cases during follow-up.
Conclusions:The surgical approach of paraspinal tumors is determined by location, size, neoplastic nature, and spinal canal involvement. Paraspinal tumors can be safely managed by surgery.ope