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    Measuring the Quality of Employment: Principal Component Based Index Using Korean Quarterly Data

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์–‘์  ๊ณ ์šฉ์ง€ํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด์™„์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ใ€Œ๊ณ ์šฉ์˜ ์งˆใ€์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ผ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ใ€Œ๊ณ ์šฉ์˜ ์งˆใ€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์šฉ์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ, ๊ณ ์šฉ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ, ์†Œ๋“์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋“ฑ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์˜ํ•ด 11๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ์„ธ๋ถ€์ง€ํ‘œ์˜ โ€˜๋ถ„๊ธฐ์‹œ๊ณ„์—ด์ž๋ฃŒโ€™(1995:3-2007:1)์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋œ ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธก์ •๋‹จ์œ„๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ผํ•œ ํ›„ ์ฃผ์„ฑ๋ถ„ ๋ถ„์„์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘ํ‰๊ท ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์šฉ์˜ ์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ถ”์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์šฉ์˜ ์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์™ธํ™˜์œ„๊ธฐ ์ด์ „์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฝํ•œ ์ €์†Œ๋“๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ์†Œ๋“์ ์œ ์œจ๊ณผ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ž„์‹œ๏ผŸ์ผ์šฉ์ง ๋น„์œจ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์„  ๋Œ€์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ใ€Œ๊ณ ์šฉ์˜ ์งˆใ€ ๊ณ„์ธก ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์†์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์‹œ๋„ํ•œ ใ€Œ๊ณ ์šฉ์˜ ์งˆใ€์ง€ํ‘œ์˜ ๊ฐ•๊ฑด์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ฆฝํ•˜๋Š” ํ›„์†์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.This paper provides principal component based index for the โ€˜quality of employmentโ€™(QEI) using 11 indicators categorized as employment opportunity, stability of work, adequate earnings, and the social protection for occupational disaster and unemployment. We show that how standardized indicators are aggregated and weighted to arrive at a single composite measure of QEI. Our results suggest that low unemployment and high employment rates are not necessarily associated with the improvement of QEI. For the improvement of QEI which sharply decreased with the Korean currency crisis in the late 1997, we have to prepare for the fundamental policies for reducing the high rates of temporary workers and improving the income redistribution. Our QEI may not be robust to the differently-specified situations and domains of QEI. Further research is needed to find out robust aggregation methods
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