80 research outputs found

    Designing a System Prototype for Construction Document Management Using Automated Tagging and Visualization

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ฑด์„คํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2015. 8. ์ง€์„ํ˜ธ.A large amount of text data have been accumulated over time in the construction industry. Important and useful information collected from previous construction projects as experience is mainly recorded in document form. Such information can be used as best practice for upcoming projects by delivering lessons learned for better risk management and project control. Thus, text-based information plays an important role in business strategy development in the highly competitive construction industry. To experience benefits from this text-based information, practical and usable text data management systems are vital. A significant amount of construction text data are rarely utilized for new construction projects because of the difficulty in accessing them. As the technology that can handle text data has been developed a number of document management systems have been proposed based on text mining techniques. However, most of them focus on classifying documents and they are unable to deal with construction documents complex and diverse features. In addition, unnecessary time and energy is still wasted to skim the whole database in order to uncover data of interest. Lastly, because the majority of research has focused on English data ? with only a few studies using Korean data ? there are plenty of constraints to applying existing English-based systems to Koreas domestic construction industry. Thus, a construction document management system was designed to manage text data effectively and efficiently, and to activate data and information transfer among system users in the domestic construction industry. To achieve this a system prototype was developed. The proposed construction document management system comprises data collection, data processing, and automated document tagging and dataset visualization. About 25,000 Korean Internet documents were collected to develop the system prototype using a web crawler. Collected data were processed by using text mining techniques, including POS tagging, to calculate the weight of each term in a document. Each term was clarified using a construction corpus which was also developed in this study. Five keywords were automatically extracted and tagged for each document and a tags sub-dataset was visualized as a form of wordcloud based on the processed data. The proposed system prototype was evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively by surveying ten experts. Questionnaire scores on the significance of the systems results, the usability of and the need for the proposed system design were all above four on a five-point scale. Moreover, on the quantitative evaluation, estimating the accuracy of the systems results, the accuracy of the proposed system prototype was 84 percent on average. Thus the evaluation results confirm the potential for and feasibility of the proposed system.Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Research Background 1 1.2 Problem Statement 3 1.3 Research Objectives 7 1.4 Research Scope 8 Chapter 2 Literature Review 10 2.1 Document Management 10 2.1.1 Document Management System 10 2.1.2 Document Management in the Construction Industry 12 2.2 Crawling 13 2.3 Text Mining 15 2.3.1 Classification 17 2.3.2 Clustering 18 2.4 Visualization 19 2.5 Summary 19 Chapter 3 A System Prototype Design for Construction Document Management 21 3.1 Data Investigation and Collection 24 3.1.1 Text Data from Construction Sites 25 3.1.2 Construction Related Text Data on the Web 25 3.1.3 Text Data Collection Approaches 27 3.2 Data Processing for Tagging and Visualization 28 3.2.1 Weight Calculation of Each Term in a Document 29 3.2.2 Clarification with Construction Corpus 33 3.3 Automated Document Tagging 35 3.3.1 Tags Representing Documents Specifications 35 3.3.2 Tag Based System 36 3.4 Dataset Visualization 37 3.4.1 Wordcloud Representing a Tags Sub-dataset 38 3.4.2 Visualization-based System 39 Chapter 4 System Implementation and Evaluation 41 4.1 Database of System Prototype 41 4.2 Implementation of Data Processing 44 4.2.1 Weight Calculation of Each Term in a Document 45 4.2.2 Clarification with Construction Corpus 48 4.3 Developed System Prototype 55 4.3.1 Implementation of Automated Document Tagging 56 4.3.2 Implementation of Dataset Visualization 57 4.4 Evaluation 59 4.4.1 Qualitative Evaluation 60 4.4.2 Quantitative Evaluation 61 Chapter 5 Conclusions 64 5.1 Summary 64 5.2 Contributions and Future Study 65 5.2.1 Contributions 65 5.2.2 Future Study 66 Bibliography 67 Abstract (Korean) 73Maste

    Job and Life Satisfaction of Korean Secondary School Teachers: Application of the Social Cognitive Career Theory of Well-being

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ธ์ง€์ง„๋กœ์ด๋ก ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ ๋ชจํ˜•(Lent & Brown, 2008)์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ค‘๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ์ง์—…๋งŒ์กฑ๊ณผ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ์•ˆ๋…•๊ฐ(subjective well-being)์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋‚ด ํŠน์„ฑ ์š”์ธ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์š”์ธ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์ธ์ง€์  ์š”์ธ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Lent์™€ Brown์˜(2008)์˜ ์ด๋ก ์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง์—… ๋งŒ์กฑ์ด ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•จ์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด ๋‘ ์š”์ธ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋‚ด ํŠน์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ์ • ์ •์„œ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํ•™๊ต์ง€์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ง€์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌํšŒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ณ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์‚ฌํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๋ณ€์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ง์—…๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ง๏ฝฅ๊ฐ„์ ‘์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ์šธ๏ฝฅ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ค‘๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ 412๊ฐœ์˜ ์‘๋‹ต ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ธ์ง€์ง„๋กœ์ด๋ก ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ ๋ชจํ˜•์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ค‘๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ์ง์—…๋งŒ์กฑ๊ณผ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ˜•์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ 15๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ์ค‘ 12๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ์ •์ •์„œ๋Š” ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ์— ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์ •์  ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ์ณค๊ณ , ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์š”์ธ์ธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ง€์ง€, ํ•™๊ต์ง€์ง€ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ธ์ง€์  ์š”์ธ์ธ ๊ต์‚ฌํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง์—…๋งŒ์กฑ๊ณผ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„์ ‘ํšจ๊ณผ๋„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ณ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ง€์ง€์™€ ํ•™๊ต์ง€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ์ง์—…๋งŒ์กฑ์— ์ง์ ‘ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์„ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ต์‚ฌํšจ๋Šฅ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง์—…๋งŒ์กฑ ๋ฐ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŒ์กฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„์ ‘ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ์ง์—…๋งŒ์กฑ๊ณผ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒ๋‹ด ๊ฐœ์ž… ๋ฐ ์ •์ฑ… ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•จ์˜๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ›„์† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ œ์–ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. The present study examined a social cognitive career theory of job and life satisfaction (Lent & Brown, 2006, 2008) in a sample of Korean secondary teachers. Based on Lent & Brownโ€™s well-being model, this study considered positive affect as a individual factor explains oneโ€™s well-being, family support and support from school as environmental factors, and teacher self-efficacy and outcome expectations as social cognitive variables that mediate relations among positive affect, environmental factors, and job and life satisfaction. As consistent to Lent and Brownโ€™s model (2006, 2008), we hypothesized direct and indirect effect among these variables and tested the hypothesized model using structural equation modeling. Survey data from 412 teachers who are employed in middle or high schools in Seoul and Kyounggi area were the subject of the current study. The results suggested that the hypothesized model offered an excellent fit for the data, yielding that 12 out of 15 hypothesized path coefficients were significant. The variable of positive affect had a significant positive direct effect on life satisfaction as well as indirect effect via family support, school support, teacher self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and job satisfaction. Family support and school support both had significant positive direct and indirect effect on teachersโ€™ job and life satisfaction. Practical implications of this study and directions for further research were discussed.N

    Research on the Development of a Multicultural Counseling Course for Graduate Students in Counseling Programs

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ ์ง„์ž…ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ, ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ์ƒ๋‹ด์ „๊ณต ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์ƒ๋‹ด ๊ต๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ต๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ •์€ Tyler(1949) ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ 4๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, 1๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹ด์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ƒ๋‹ด์ „๊ณต ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ํฌ์ปค์Šค ๊ทธ๋ฃน ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์ƒ๋‹ด ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™ํšŒ์—์„œ ์ธ์ค€ํ•œ ์ƒ๋‹ด์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์ž„์ƒ-์ƒ๋‹ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์ƒ๋‹ด ๊ต์œก ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ด์„์  ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด 1-2๋‹จ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์ƒ๋‹ด ๊ต๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ 4๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” 3์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ •๊ณผ ๋ณด์™„์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์ƒ๋‹ด ๊ต๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์ƒ๋‹ด ๊ต๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ƒ๋‹ด์ „๊ณต ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์œ ๋Šฅ์„ฑ(ํƒœ๋„/์ธ์‹, ์ง€์‹, ๊ฐœ์ž…)์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ์ฃผ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ฌธํ™”์ •์ฒด์„ฑ๊ณผ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ, ํŠน๊ถŒ, ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ์–ด๊ทธ๋ ˆ์…˜, ๋ฌธํ™” ๊ฐ„ ๋น„๊ต์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์ด๋ฏผ์ž, ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€์กฑ, ๋ถํ•œ์ดํƒˆ์ฃผ๋ฏผ, ์„ฑ์ ์ง€ํ–ฅ, ์  ๋”, ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ง€์œ„, ์˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ข…๊ต, ๋…ธ์ธ, ์‹ ์ฒด ๋ฐ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์žฅ์• , ์ง€์—ญ ์ฐจ์ด ๋“ฑ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ผ์˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ํŠน์ง•, ํ•œ๊ณ„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ›„์† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ์–ธ์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Given that Korea has become a multicultural society, we developed a graduate-level multicultural counseling course curriculum using the Tyler model (1949). First, we conducted a needs assessment through online surveys and focus groups with professional counselors and graduate students in counseling programs. Second, we searched and analyzed multicultural counseling courses in counseling psychology, and combined clinical and counseling psychology programs accredited by the American Psychological Association. Third, we analyzed and integrated the results of stages one and two using interpretive content analysis. Finally, based on feedback from three content experts, we modified and finalized the curriculum. The primary objective of the resulting 14-class course is to enhance studentsโ€™ cultural competence. Sub-topics include cultural identity and biases, privilege, microaggression, cross-cultural studies, immigrants, multicultural families, North Korean defectors, sexual orientation, gender, socioeconomic status, seniors, physical and mental illness, and regional differences. Features, limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed.N

    ์‹ ์ƒ์•„ ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ์˜ ์กฐ๊ธฐ ์ง„๋‹จ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ™•์‚ฐ๊ฐ•์กฐ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ณต๋ช…์˜์ƒ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ, ์ดˆ์ŒํŒŒ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๋‡ŒํŒŒ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์œ ์šฉ์„ฑ ๋น„๊ต

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์†Œ์•„๊ณผํ•™์ „๊ณต,2005.Maste

    Evolution of the architectural typology which has typical floors

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™๊ณผ, 2011.2. ๊น€์ŠนํšŒ.Maste

    ์ •์‹ ๋ถ„์—ด๋ณ‘ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ ์ด๋ก 

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ ์ž„์ƒยท์ƒ๋‹ด์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ „๊ณต,2004.Maste

    ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜ ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ์žฅ๋Œ€ํ•จ๊ณผ ์žฅ์†ŒํŠน์ •์„ฑ์˜ ํ™•์žฅ -์‹œ์„ค ์ „์šฉ ๊ณผ์ •, ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์—์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋ถ„์„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™๊ณผ, 2018. 8. ๋ฐฑ์ง„.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋ฑ…ํฌ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ(Bankside Power Station)๊ฐ€ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€(Tate Modern)์œผ๋กœ ์ „์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ, ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€(Turbine Hall)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์›์ธ๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์€ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ์ „์šฉํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€์€ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์˜ ์ค‘์•™ ํ™€์ด์ž ๊ธฐํš ์ „์‹œ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ์„œ, ๋งค๋…„ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์„ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ˆ ํ’ˆ๋“ค์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ์™”๋‹ค. ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ข…๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์˜ ์žฌ์ƒ ํ˜น์€ ์ „์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์ด์ „์˜ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ด์˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํž˜์„ ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์  ์›์ธ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ „์— ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•œ ์‹œ์ ์„ ๊ทผ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ์™€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์šฉ๋„์ธ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์Ÿ์ ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์ถ•์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์—์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ ‘์ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ •ํ™ฉ์„ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์ œ์ถœ์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํž˜์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์˜ ํ•ด์„๊ณผ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™” ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ์ดํ›„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ „์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์ด ์ด์ „์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘์–ด ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ๊ด€๋žŒ๊ฐ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐ˜์‘๊ณผ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋“ฑ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ๋ชจ๋˜์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ ์ดํ›„์— ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜„์ƒ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋‹น์„ ์ž์ธ ํ—ค๋ฅด์กฐ๊ทธ ์•ค๋“œ ๋“œ๋ฎค๋ก (Herzog & de Meuron)์€, ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ€์ •์  ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋งค์Šค๋“ค์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠน์งˆ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์ค‘์ฒฉ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์•„๋‹Œ, ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œ์ผœ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€ ์ธก์—์„œ ํ˜„์ƒ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์ง€์นจ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ๊ฐ€๊ณต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€(raw) ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ์ฐฝ, ์ฒœ์žฅ, ๋ฒฝ, ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ, ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋“ฑ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์นœ ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์ด ๋‚จ์•„ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋žจํ”„, ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ(bridge)์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์ž…์ฒด์ , ๋„์‹œ์  ์ง€ํ˜•์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ํ’๊ฒฝ, ๋‚ด๋ถ€์™€ ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ์ด์ค‘์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ „์‹œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ , ํ‘œํ˜„์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ, ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฑด์ถ•์  ์„œ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘์–ด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ณต์žฅ์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ž์ฒ˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€์€, ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€ ์ธก์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ค๊ณ„ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•œ, ํ—ค๋ฅด์กฐ๊ทธ ์•ค๋“œ ๋“œ๋ฎค๋ก ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ(found) ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์˜ ์œ ๋‹ˆ๋ ˆ๋ฒ„ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ(Unilever Series)์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋™์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์„ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ธ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ œ์ž‘์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ์ „์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ์„œ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ํ’ˆ์˜ ์ œ์ž‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ ์ง€ ์‚ผ์ผœ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ๋“ฏํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ๋นˆ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ธ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์ž ์‹๋‹นํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์••๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํŠน์ • ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํž˜์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์—ํ‹ฐ์—”๋Š ๋ฃจ์ด ๋ถˆ๋ ˆ(Etienne Louis Boullรฉe, 1728-1799)์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•จ(gigantesque)๊ณผ ์žฅ๋Œ€ํ•จ(grand)์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋นŒ์–ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•จ(gigantesque)์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ค๋ธŒ์ œ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์žฅ๋Œ€ํ•จ(grand)์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ฐ์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ํ’๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ๋„ ์†์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋˜ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์—์„œ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ํ’๊ฒฝ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํฌ๋ผ์šฐ์Šค์˜ ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์  ์ˆ˜์ •์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฅ์†ŒํŠน์ •์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์žฅ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ํ’๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ด์ค‘์  ์š”์†Œ ์™ธ์—๋„ ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€์€ ์–ด๋Š ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ์†์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์˜ ์—๊ณ (ego)๋ฅผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ์— ๋น„ํ‘œ์ƒ(non-representational)์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฑด์ถ• ์ž์ฒด์— ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํŠน์ง•์ด ๋‚ด์žฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ”์ (patina)์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ํ‘œ์ƒ์ (representational) ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•์  ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์ด ํŠน์ • ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์˜ ์ „์‹œ์—๋Š” ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ(obstacle)์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์— ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ(reveal)ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ „์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ณต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„(raw space)์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์˜ ์ „์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•œ ๋งˆ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ํ™”์ดํŠธ ํ๋ธŒ(white cube)์ ์ธ ์†์„ฑ๋งˆ์ € ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ด์ „์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”์†Œ๋งˆ์ € ์ด์ „ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์„ž์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹(aikido)์„ ํƒํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์ „์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜จ์ „ํ•œ ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํƒ„์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ „๋žต ํ•˜์—์„œ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ฐฝ๊ณ ๋‚˜ ๊ณต์žฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋”์šฑ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ฐฝ์ž‘์— ์žˆ์–ด ์–ด๋ ค์›€์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์›๋™๋ ฅ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ญ์„ค์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ์ž˜ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ(found)๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์˜ ์„ฌ์„ธํ•œ ์ „๋žต๊ณผ ์ „์ˆ  ํ•˜์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋””์ž์ธ๋œ(new, architect-designed) ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์ค‘์  ํŠน์ง•์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์˜ ์ „๋žต์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ธ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ํ’ˆ์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์›์ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ๊ด€๋žŒ์ž์˜ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์ž์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ์ธ์ง€์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ „์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํ™€ ๋‚ด์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์˜ ํž˜์œผ๋กœ ์ฆํญ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์ถ•์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜ ์ดํ›„์— ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐํš ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ์„œ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋˜ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์˜ ์˜๋„์™€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์˜ ํ˜œ์•ˆ์ด ๊ต์ฐจํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•จ์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜€๋‹ค๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์˜ ์„ ํƒ๊ณผ ์ „๋žต์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ๋น„์ „๊ณผ ํ˜œ์•ˆ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”, ์ฆ‰ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ์ด ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฑด์ถ•์‚ฌ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.๋ชฉ ์ฐจ ์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์™€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 5 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ๋ฐ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ฑ 15 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํŠน์ง•๊ณผ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ์ „์šฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์‚ฐ์—… ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠน์ง•๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ 19 1. ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๋ฑ…ํฌ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ์˜ ํŠน์ง• 20 (1) ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํŠน์ง•๊ณผ ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฑด์ถ•์  ์Ÿ์  (2) ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์˜ ์ „์‹ ์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๋ฑ…ํฌ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ 2. ๋Œ€๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ 29 (1) ๊ธฐ๋…๋น„์  ๋Œ€๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ๋Œ€๊ณต๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ (2) ๋Œ€๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์ˆญ๊ณ ์™€ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์—์„œ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ณ€ํ™” 46 1. ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ˆ  46 (1) ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ์ด์ „์˜ ์ „์‹œ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ (2) ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘-ํ™”์ดํŠธํ๋ธŒ(White Cube) 2. ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์žฌ์กฐ๋ช… 50 (1) ์žฅ์†Œ ํŠน์ •์  ๋ฏธ์ˆ  (2) ํ™•์žฅ๋œ ์˜์—ญ(Expanded Field) ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์‚ฐ์—… ์‹œ์„ค๊ณผ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ 59 1. ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์ „์šฉ 59 (1) ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์ „์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜ (2) ์ „์šฉ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด์˜ ์ •์˜ 2. ์‚ฐ์—…์‹œ์„ค ์ „์šฉ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์œ ํ˜• 67 (1) ์ „์šฉ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋“ค (2) ์ „์šฉ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜- ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํŠน์งˆ์˜ ์ค‘์ฒฉ ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ๊ณผ์ • ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 82 1. ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์„ ์ •์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 82 2. ํ˜„์ƒ์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ๊ณผ์ • ๋ฐ ์ œ์ถœ์•ˆ๋“ค 84 (1) ํ˜„์ƒ์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ์„ค๊ณ„์ง€์นจ ใ€€ (2) ํ˜„์ƒ์„ค๊ณ„ ์ œ์•ˆ์„œ๋“ค์˜ ์ฃผ์•ˆ์  3. ์ œ์ถœ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ 113 (1) ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ (2) ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ œ์ถœ์•ˆ๋“ค์˜ ํŠน์ง• 122 1. ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ธ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์„  122 (1) ๋ถ€์ •์  ํ˜น์€ ๊ธ์ •์  ์‹œ์„  (2) ๊ป์งˆ(์™ธํ”ผ)๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 2. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹ 132 (1) ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋งค์Šค์˜ ์‚ฝ์ž… (2) ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํŠน์งˆ์˜ ์ค‘์ฒฉ ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์˜ ์—ญํ•  143 1. ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„(found space)๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€ 143 2. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๋ฏธ์ˆ  ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹ 148 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 157 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์˜ ์žฅ๋Œ€ํ•œ(grand) ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ 164 1. ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ 164 2. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ 167 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์—์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ 174 1. ์•„์ดํ‚ค๋„(aikido)์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€ 174 2. ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹๋“ค 175 (1) ํ™•๋Œ€(amplification) (2) ๋ณต์‚ฌ์™€ ์ถ•์ (replication & accumulation) (2) ๋Œ€์ง€์ž‘์—…(earthwork) (3) ๋น„๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ™•์žฅ(non-physical extension) 3. ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์˜์˜ 185 (1) ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•จ(gigantesque)์™€ ์žฅ๋Œ€ํ•จ(grand)์˜ ์ˆญ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ (2) ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ํ’๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ง„๋™ (3) ์žฅ์†ŒํŠน์ •์„ฑ์˜ ํ™•์žฅ 4. ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์˜ ์ด์ค‘์„ฑ 207 (1) ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์—์„œ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ด์ค‘์„ฑ์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด๋“ค (2) ์ด์ค‘์„ฑ์˜ ์›์ธ๋“ค ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ 212 1. ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์—์„œ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋žŒ์ž 212 (1) ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” (2) ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ• ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํž˜ 2. ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€ ์ดํ›„์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 227 (1) ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€๋“ค (2) ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ณผ Tate Modern (3) ํ„ฐ๋นˆํ™€์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 242 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  245 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 251 Abstract 261 ๋ถ€๋ก : ํ˜„์ƒ์„ค๊ณ„ ์ง€์นจ์„œ ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์œ„์› ํšŒ์˜๋ก ํ˜„์ƒ์„ค๊ณ„ ์ œ์ถœ์•ˆDocto

    A Scoping Review on the Vocational Experience of LGBTQ People : Focused on Foreign Literature since 2017

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ตญ์™ธ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์„ฑ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž์˜ ์ง์—… ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๋“ค์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์„ฑ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ง์—… ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด 2017๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2022๋…„ 1์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์ถœํŒ๋œ ๊ตญ์™ธ ํ•™์ˆ  ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ PRISMA ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด 64ํŽธ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒด๊ณ„์  ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ์ฃผ์š”๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, 2017๋…„ ์ดํ›„, ์„ฑ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž์˜ ์ง์—… ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋งคํ•ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€์ถ”์„ธ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ 2021๋…„์€ 19ํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ณ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋กœ 29%์— ํ•ด๋‹น๋˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ, ์„ฑ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž ๊ด€๋ จ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์ •๋ถ€๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด ํŠน์ง•์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์„ฑ์  ์ง€ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ 40ํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ , ํŠธ๋žœ์Šค์  ๋” ๋ฐ ๋…ผ๋ฐ”์ด๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 11ํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๋Œ€์ƒ ์–‘์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” โ€˜์„ฑ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ง์—…๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ ๋ฐ ํƒœ๋„โ€™, โ€˜์„ฑ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€์šฐ ๋ฐ ์ง์—…์  ์„ฑ์ทจโ€™, โ€˜์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ ๋ฐ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•โ€™, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  โ€˜์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ ์ „๋žตโ€™์˜ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ธ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์š”์ธ, ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž ํŠน์ˆ˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์š”์ธ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋ณดํ˜ธ์š”์ธ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ๋ณดํ˜ธ์š”์ธ ๋ณ€์ธ์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ค‘ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ๋ณดํ˜ธ์š”์ธ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ์€ ์ ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž ์ง์—… ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž์˜ ์ง„๋กœ ๋ฐ ์ง์—…๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๋‹ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ๊ณผN
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