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    λ…Έλ©΄ 가진 μ†ŒμŒ κ°œμ„ μ„ μœ„ν•œ μ„œμŠ€νŽœμ…˜ λ‹¨μœ„μ˜ 음ν–₯ 및 진동 μ„±λŠ₯ 평가법에 λŒ€ν•œ 연ꡬ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ 기계항곡곡학뢀, 2018. 2. κ°•μ—°μ€€.κΈ°μ‘΄ 전달 경둜 뢄석 법을 μ΄μš©ν•œ λ‘œλ“œ λ…Έμ΄μ¦ˆ μ„±λŠ₯ ν‰κ°€μ—μ„œλŠ” μ£Όν–‰ 쀑 차체 전달 νž˜μ„ 주파수 응닡 ν•¨μˆ˜μ™€ μ£Όν–‰ 쀑 가속도 값을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ κ³„μ‚°ν•˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, λ‘œλ“œ λ…Έμ΄μ¦ˆ μ„±λŠ₯에 차체와 μ„œμŠ€νŽœμ…˜ 각각이 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ ΅λ‹€. λ³Έ λ…Όλ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ” μ§μ ‘μ μœΌλ‘œ μ„œμŠ€νŽœμ…˜μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 차체둜 μ „λ‹¬λ˜λŠ” 포슀λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ •ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ ꡬ쑰기인 λ‘œλ“œλ…Έμ΄μ¦ˆ μ„±λŠ₯을 평가할 수 μžˆλŠ” 리그λ₯Ό μ œμž‘ν•˜μ—¬ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 평가 및 κ°œμ„  λ°©μ•ˆ λ„μΆœ 방법을 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ§ˆμš΄νŒ… μ²΄κ²°λΆ€μ˜ 강성평가 및 ODS 뢄석, μ ˆμ—° μ„±λŠ₯ 평가 및 λ¬΄κ²Œμ™€ λŒν•‘ 영ν–₯을 ν‰κ°€ν•˜μ—¬ 리그λ₯Ό κ²€μ¦ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , 동강성 법과 μ—­ ν–‰λ ¬ 법을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ κ³„μ‚°λœ ν¬μŠ€μ™€μ˜ 비ꡐλ₯Ό 톡해 차체의 μ΄νŽ™νŠΈμ™€ κ³„μ‚°μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ•ΌκΈ° 될 수 μžˆλŠ” 였차λ₯Ό ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹€ λ„λ‘œ λ…Έλ©΄ 가진을 μž¬ν˜„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 닀이노 둀러λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•œ 가진 방법 및 μ‹ ν˜Έ 처리 방법이 μ—°κ΅¬λ˜μ—ˆκ³  μ„œμŠ€νŽœμ…˜ λ²€μΉ˜λ§ˆν‚Ή 뢄석법을 μ λ¦½ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ λͺ¨λΈλ§ 방법과 μ—­ λΆ€λΆ„ ꡬ쑰 합성법을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ ˆμ—° 고무의 κ°œμ„ μΈμž μ„ μ • 방법 및 μ •λŸ‰μ μΈ λ™νŠΉμ„± μ œμ•ˆ 방법둠을 μ λ¦½ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ œμ•ˆλœ 방법을 μ‹€ μ°¨λŸ‰ κ°œλ°œμ—μ„œμ˜ λΆ€μ‹œ λ³€κ²½ μ‹œλ‚˜λ¦¬μ˜€μ— μ μš©ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μœ νš¨μ„±κ³Ό 신뒰성을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.Numerous previous studies have been conducted on quantifying road noise through transfer path analysis (TPA) using the matrix inversion and the dynamic stiffness methods. However, the matrix inversion method is a calculation that always contains error, even when treated with the best condition number found by trial and error iteration to match the calculation SPL (Sound Pressure Level) to measured SPL. Furthermore, the caveat of the dynamic stiffness method is that it requires accurate dynamic stiffness value up to the frequency range of interest, which, in reality, is rarely available and is challenging to seize. For the sake of cost and time reduction, circumventing these limitations is crucial within the vehicle production period. In this regard, a special suspension rig is devleoped to directly obtain the operational forces at the suspension mounting points neglecting the effect of the vehicle body. To best utilize this developed rig, a dyno excitation method using precision CNC-milled detachable shell is proposed and its proper operational condition for road noise evaluation is investigated as well. In order to investigate which component plays the biggest role and which component to be prioritized to be tackled, the influence of suspension and body stiffness has on operational force change due to softening the connecting elastomer is studied using the impedance modeling method. Using this method, rig measured dynamic force change which is potentially misleading due to large deviation in dynamic stiffness between the rig and an actual vehicle is also investigated under varying suspension and bushs stiffness combination.CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2. A METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING THE STRUCTURE-BORNE ROAD NOISE PRIOR TO A PROTOTYPE VEHICLE USING DIRECT FORCE MEASURED ON A SUSPENSION RIG 12 2.1. Introduction 12 2.2. Structure-borne road noise transfer path analysis 13 2.2.1 Operational force calculation 14 2.2.1.1 Full matrix inversion method 14 2.2.1.2 Dynamic stiffness method 16 2.2.2 Road noise transfer path diagram 16 2.3. Direct operational force measurement on suspension rig 18 2.3.1 Suspension force rig properties 18 2.3.2 Experimental Setup 19 2.4. Knuckle acceleration spectrum comparison between the baseline vehicle and suspension rig measurements 25 2.5. Operational force comparison acquired by the three methods 28 2.6. Estimation of structure-borne road noise 31 2.7. Benchmarking technique: suspension level dynamic stiffness extraction 34 2.8. Summary 37 CHAPTER 3. A VALIDATION STUDY OF THE DETACHABLE SHELL DYNO EXCITATION METHOD FOR STRUCTURE-BORNE ROAD NOISE EVALUATION 39 3.1. Introduction 39 3.2. Road excitation: structure-borne road noise evaluation 41 3.3. Dyno excitation method: precision CNC-milled detachable replicated road shell 46 3.4. Experimental setup 51 3.4.1 Measurement equipment and sensor locations 51 3.4.2 Operational condition for dyno measurement 54 3.4.3 Operational condition for proving ground measurement 58 3.5. Influence of dyno roller size 59 3.6. Knuckle signal comparison between proving ground excitation and dyno excitation 66 3.6.1 Rough and standard surface 66 3.6.2 Smooth surface 71 3.7. Coherence study 76 3.8. Road noise evaluation examples using proposed dyno excitation: detachable TPA approach and direct force rig approach 80 3.9. Summary 82 CHAPTER 4. ESTIMATION OF BODY INPUT FORCE TRANSMISSION CHANGE DUE TO PARTS MODIFICATION USING THE IMPEDANCE METHOD UNDER ROLLING EXCITATION 84 4.1. Introduction 84 4.2. Transmission force characterization and estimation of changing force due to parts modification using the impedance modeling method 88 4.3. Numerical study: force change (reduction) estimation due to part modification 95 4.3.1 Softening the dynamic stiffness of the connecting bush by 50 % 97 4.3.2 Studying the relation of the suspension rig to vehicle: reducing the stiffness of the body attachment point 102 4.4. Validation for road excitation 105 4.4.1 Experimental setup 105 4.4.1.1 Operational measurement 106 4.4.1.2 Dynamic stiffness measurement for link and body 109 4.4.2 Obtained input values for force change estimation 111 4.5. Validation results 117 4.6. Application scenario: bush change on the lateral arm within an actual vehicle 123 4.7. Summary 129 CHAPTER 5. DERIVATION OF ROAD NOISE IMPROVEMENT FACTOR WITHIN A SUSPENSION SYSTEM USING THE INVERSE SUBSTRUCTURING METHOD 132 5.1. Introduction 132 5.2. Theoretical background 133 5.2.1 Frequency response function based sub-structuring modeling 133 5.2.1.1 Modeling of single degree of freedom single path system 133 5.2.1.2 Modeling of a multi-path system 136 5.2.2 Input force estimation 138 5.2.3 Inverse sub-structuring method 140 5.3 Cross member mount points modeling 142 5.4. Experimental validation 149 5.4.1 Test setup 149 5.4.2 Bushing property extraction 153 5.5. Validation results 157 5.6. Summary 160 CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSIONS 161 REFERENCES 166 APPENDIX 172 κ΅­ λ¬Έ 초 둝 178Docto

    The Influence of Emotional Labor on Attitudes and Behaviors of Social Workers

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    λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 감정노동이 쑰직 κ΅¬μ„±μ›μ˜ νƒœλ„μ™€ 행동에 μ–΄λ– ν•œ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³  쑰직지 μ›μ˜ 쑰절효과λ₯Ό κ²€μ¦ν•˜λŠ”λ° κ·Έ λͺ©μ μ΄ μžˆλ‹€. κ³ κ°μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ€‘μš”μ„±μ΄ κ°•μ‘°λ˜λ©΄μ„œ κ°μ •λ…Έλ™μˆ˜ν–‰μ— λŒ€ν•œ μš”κ΅¬κ°€ μ¦κ°€ν–ˆκ³ , κ³΅κ³΅λΆ€λ¬Έμ—μ„œ 정책집행을 λ‹΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” μΌμ„ κ΄€λ£Œλ“€λ„ 정책고객인 κ΅­λ―Όλ“€μ˜ κΈ°λŒ€μ— λΆ€μ‘ν•˜λŠ” μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μƒλ‹Ήν•œ μ •λ„μ˜ 감정노동을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” κ°μ •λ…Έλ™μ˜ μˆ˜ν–‰μ „λž΅μ„ 크게 μžμ‹ μ˜ μ§„μ§œ 감정을 숨기고 말, ν‘œμ •, λͺΈμ§“을 λ°”κΎΈλŠ” ν‘œλ©΄ν–‰μœ„μ™€ 인지적 λ…Έλ ₯을 톡해 μ μ ˆν•œ 감정을 λŠλ‚„ 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜λŠ” λ‚΄λ©΄ν–‰μœ„λ‘œ λ‚˜λˆ„κ³ , 이듀 μ „λž΅μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•  λ•Œ 각 μ „λž΅μ΄ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€μ‚¬μ˜ νƒœλ„μ™€ 행동에 μ–΄λ– ν•œ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. 이와 λ”λΆˆμ–΄ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€μ‚¬κ°€ μ†Œμ†λœ 쑰직이 μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” μ œλ„μ , μ •μ„œμ  μ§€μ›μ˜ 영ν–₯λ ₯을 ν•¨κ»˜ κ²€μ¦ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.연ꡬ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— λ‹΅ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 섀문쑰사λ₯Ό μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ—¬ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€μ‚¬ 246λͺ…μ˜ 응닡을 λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ νšŒκ·€λΆ„μ„μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό, ν‘œλ©΄ν–‰μœ„λŠ” μ†Œμ§„κ³Ό μ΄μ§μ˜λ„μ— 뢀정적인 영ν–₯λ ₯을 μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚¨ 반면, λ‚΄λ©΄ν–‰μœ„λŠ” μ†Œμ§„κ³Ό μ΄μ§μ˜λ„λŠ” μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚€μ§€ μ•Šκ³ , μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ„ λ†’μ΄λŠ” κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. ν•œνŽΈ, μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€μ‚¬μ˜ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€ 제곡 λ…Έλ ₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ 쑰직이 μ œλ„μ  지원을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜, 쑰직 λ‚΄ λ™λ£Œ 및 상사가 μ •μ„œμ  지원을 μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 경우, μ΄λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€μ‚¬μ˜ νƒœλ„ 및 행동에 μ „λ°˜μ μœΌλ‘œ 긍정적인 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€λ‹€. 특히 쑰직의 μ •μ„œμ  지원은 μ†Œμ§„μ„ μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚€λŠ” ν‘œλ©΄ν–‰μœ„μ˜ 뢀정적 영ν–₯λ ₯을 μ™„ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 쑰절효과λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λƒˆλ‹€. μ΄λŠ” 감정노동 μˆ˜ν–‰μ΄ λΆˆκ°€ν”Όν•œ μƒν™©μ—μ„œ κ°μ •λ…Έλ™μœΌλ‘œ μΈν•œ 뢀정적인 영ν–₯λ ₯을 μƒμ‡„μ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 쑰직의 지원이 μ–΄λ– ν•œ μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ μ œκ³΅λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€μ— κ΄€ν•œ μ‹œμ‚¬μ μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•œλ‹€.This research seeks to examine how emotional labor affects the attitudes and behaviors of social workers, including burnout, turnover intention, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior. Playing the role of the street-level bureaucrat, social workers conduct emotional labor in their daily routine. Although many scholars and practitioners acknowledge its harmful effects, the social welfare service itself inevitably accompanies emotional labor to some extent. This research examines how the two strategies of emotional labor, surface acting and deep acting, affect four attitudes and behaviors of social workers. In addition, it also analyzes the effects of organizational support, including institutional and affective support, which may offset the negative influence of emotional labor. The regression analysis of survey data from 246 social workers reveals that surface acting increases burnout and turnover intention, whereas deep acting enhances organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, the analysis also demonstrates that affective organizational support alleviates the negative effects of surface acting on burnout.이 논문은 2014년도 μ •λΆ€(κ΅μœ‘λΆ€)의 μž¬μ›μœΌλ‘œ ν•œκ΅­μ—°κ΅¬μž¬λ‹¨μ˜ 지원을 λ°›μ•„ μˆ˜ν–‰λœ μ—°κ΅¬μž„(NRF- 2014S1A3A2044630

    Research on the Adoption of the Quasi-Public Bus Operating System in Seoul: Focusing on the Political Management Perspective

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    λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ μ€ λ―Όμ„  3κΈ° μ„œμšΈμ‹œ λ²„μŠ€ μ€€κ³΅μ˜μ œ 사둀λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ—¬ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ˜μ‚¬κ²°μ •μžμ™€ μ •μΉ˜μ  동원 과정이 ν•„μš”ν•œ ν˜μ‹ μ μΈ 정책을 μ„±κ³΅μ μœΌλ‘œ λ„μž…ν•˜λŠ”λ° μžˆμ–΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ •μΉ˜μ  관리가 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘ŒλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό λ°νžˆλŠ”λ° μžˆλ‹€. μ„œμšΈμ‹œ λ²„μŠ€ λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 90λ…„λŒ€ μ΄ˆλ°˜λΆ€ν„° μ—­λŒ€ μ„œμšΈμ‹œμž₯λ“€μ˜ κ°œμž… μ‹œλ„μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  번번이 μ‹€νŒ¨ν•˜λ‹€κ°€ 이λͺ…λ°• μ‹œμž₯ μž¬μž„ μ‹œμ ˆμΈ 2004λ…„ 7μ›” 극적인 κ°œνŽΈμ— μ„±κ³΅ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ λ²„μŠ€ μ€€κ³΅μ˜μ œμ— κ΄€ν•œ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 주둜 정책성과에 λŒ€ν•œ 평가와 κ°œμ„ λ°©μ•ˆμ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”μ—ˆκ³ , λ„μž… 과정에 μ£Όλͺ©ν•œ 졜근의 연ꡬ듀도 μ •μΉ˜ν™˜κ²½ 및 μ •μ±…ν™˜κ²½ λ“± ν™˜κ²½μ  μš”μΈμ„μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ„œμšΈμ‹œ λ²„μŠ€ μ€€κ³΅μ˜μ œμ˜ λ„μž…κ³Όμ •μ„ 뢄석함에 μžˆμ–΄μ •μ±…κ΄€λ¦¬μžμ˜ 주도적 역할에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ‘λŠ” μ •μΉ˜μ  관리 관점을 ν™œμš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. Moore(1995)κ°€ μ œμ‹œν•œ μ •μΉ˜μ  κ΄€λ¦¬μ „λž΅μ˜ 뢄석틀을 λ³Έ 사둀에 μ μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λΆ„μ„ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό, μ •μΉ˜μ  κ΄€λ¦¬μ˜ λ‹€μ„― 가지 μ „λž΅ μ€‘μ—μ„œ 기업가적 옹호, μ •μ±…κ°œλ°œκ΄€λ¦¬, ν˜‘μƒμ΄ μ„œμšΈμ‹œ λ²„μŠ€ μ€€κ³΅μ˜μ œ μ •μ±…μ˜ λ„μž…μ— μ€‘μš”ν•œ 역할을 ν–ˆμŒμ„ 확인할 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ„œμšΈμ‹œ λ²„μŠ€ μ€€κ³΅μ˜μ œμ— λŒ€ν•œ κΈ°μ‘΄ λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό μ‘°μ§ν™”ν•˜μ—¬ν•΄λ‹Ή 사둀에 λŒ€ν•œ μž…μ²΄μ μΈ 이해λ₯Ό λ•λŠ” λ™μ‹œμ—, Moore의 μ •μΉ˜μ  κ΄€λ¦¬μ—μ„œ 고렀된 각 μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό μ†Œκ°œν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μ •μ±…κ΄€λ¦¬μžλ“€μ΄ ν–₯ν›„ μ„œμšΈμ‹œ λ²„μŠ€ μ€€κ³΅μ˜μ œμ™€ 같은 λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨μ˜ μ œλ„λ₯Ό λ„μž…ν•˜κ³  κ°œνŽΈν•˜λŠ”λ° μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μ‹€μ²œμ  ν•¨μ˜λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•œλ‹€.The purpose of this study is to analyze how political management has been applied to the introduction of the Quasi-public Bus Operating System in Seoul, South Korea. While several previous reforms of the bus system in Seoul experienced failures, the reform in 2004 under Mayor Myungbak Lee was successful. The current research evaluates political management in the reform process based on Mark Moore (1995)s framework that emphasizes the strategic management perspective. While existing studies mainly focus on evaluation of policy and recommendations for policy improvement, this research seeks to provide managerial guidance by focusing on the active roles of policy managers. According to the analysis, among the five strategies of political management proposed by Moore (1995), Entrepreneurial Advocacy, Managing Policy Development, and Negotiation, played an important role in the adoption of the Quasi-public Bus Operating System. This research provides practical implications based on the analysis to public managers seeking to adopt new policies.이 논문은 2017년도 μ •λΆ€(κ΅μœ‘λΆ€)의 μž¬μ›μœΌλ‘œ ν•œκ΅­μ—°κ΅¬μž¬λ‹¨μ˜ 지원을 λ°›μ•„ μˆ˜ν–‰λœ μ—°κ΅¬μž„(NRF-2017S1A3A2067636)

    The Relationship among Potential Job-related Risks, Emotional Dissonance, and Turnover Intention of Caregivers at Long-term Care Facilities : Focus on the Mediating Effect of Burnout

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