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    Quantifying Body-Regional Clothing Pressure and Psycho-Physiological Responses by Clothing Pressure

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์˜๋ฅ˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2022. 8. ์ด์ฃผ์˜.The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of clothing pressure, optical clothing pressure range, and psycho-physiological responses according to the clothing pressure level for each pressed body part in various environmental temperatures. Specifically, first, when low, medium, and high clothing pressure was applied to the human body in a cool, comfortable, and warm environmental temperature, the clothing pressure for each body part was quantified. Second, the optical range of clothing pressure for each body part was analyzed from the subjective tightness sensation. Third, psycho-physiological responses according to the clothing pressure for each compression area was analyzed. For this purpose, five adult females in their 20s (age 23.4 ยฑ 3.0 y, height 161.7 ยฑ 5.2 cm, body surface area 1.56 ยฑ 0.03 ใŽก) participated as subjects. All subjects were subjected to three environmental temperature conditions (21oC, 27oC, 34oC; humidity 50 ยฑ 5%RH), three-body part compression conditions (waist, thigh, calf), and three-level compression conditions (level 0_body circumference 100%, level 1_body circumference decreased by about 6โˆผ8%, and level 2_body circumference decreased by about 12โˆผ17%) (27 conditions in total; 5 subjects ร— 27 conditions = 135 times). Individually customized compression bands (outer material: nylon/polyurethane 80/20, inner: nylon/polyurethane 91/9) were made for compression according to the body part. The experiment was conducted in an artificial climate room for a total of 60 minutes (50 minutes in a sitting position, then 10 minutes in a standing position). Clothing pressure was measured at 10-minute intervals in the waist, thighs, and calves using a load cell type sensor (pressure measuring range 0 to 500 g). Rectal temperature, skin temperature in nine areas (forehead, abdomen, forearm, back of hand, thigh, calf, foot, finger, skin temperature in the compression band), temperature and relative humidity in the compression band, and heart rate were continuously measured at 1-minute intervals. Blood pressure and body weight were measured before and after the experiment. The mean skin temperature was calculated using the 7-point method by applying the equation of Hardy & Dubois. A subjective sensation responses were self-responses every 10 minutes (thermal, himidity, Sweating & shivering, Tightness, workload were scored on a 7-point scale, thermal comfort was scored on a 4-point scale). The results are as follow. First, the clothing pressure according to the clothing pressure level was significantly higher in level 2 than level 0 and level 1 in all postures while pressing the waist and calves (P<0.01). In the sitting position, the clothing pressure increased as the clothin pressure level increased (P<0.05), and in the standing position, there was no significant difference in the clothing pressure between the level 1 and level 2, which was significantly higher than the level 0 (P<0.001). For each pressed body part, the thigh was higher than the other two body parts in the sitting position (P<0.001). However, in the standing position, there was no significant difference by body part during the level 0, and the level 1 and level 2 clothing pressure showed a high level in the order of the thigh, calf, and waist (P<0.01), showing a difference according to the posture. There was no difference according to the environmental temperature in the clothing pressure by body part. Second, through the scatter plot and confidence interval, the optical clothing pressure range for each posture was derived through the tightness sensation โ€‹between -0.5 and 0.5 for the pressure score. The optical clothing pressure ranges of 4.5โˆผ13.8 mmHg in sitting, 5.2โˆผ11.6 mmHg in standing position during pressing the waist, 10.7โˆผ24.9 mmHg in sitting, 6.7โˆผ22.1 mmHg in standing positiong during the thighs, 4.9โˆผ17.2 mmHg in sitting, and 3.3โˆผ15.1 mmHg in standing position during pressing the calves were obtained. The optical clothing pressure range on the thigh was relatively higher than that of the waist and calf. Third, Clothing pressure and psycho-physiological responses showed a high correlation at 21oC and when the thigh was pressed. The mean skin temperature decreased as the clothing pressure increased at 27oC(P<0.01), and the weight loss decreased at 34oC (P<0.05) during press the waist. The finger temperature and the humidity in the compression band increased at 21oC(P<0.05), and the mean skin temperature(P<0.05) and the skin temperature in the compression band decreased at 27oC(P<0.01) as the clothing pressure increased during press the thigh(P<0.05). When the waist, thigh, and calf were pressed, the higher the clothing pressure, the drier the part inside the compression band and the tighter was felt(P<0.05). In particular, the higher the clothing pressure, the more thermally uncomfortable(P<0.05) and harder(P<0.05) during press the waist and thigh. However, there was no significant correlation between clothing pressure and rectal temperature, heart rate, thermal sensation. Through this study, the optical clothing pressure range was derived during pressing the waist, thigh, and calf. Since the optical clothing pressure range of the thigh was higher than that of the waist and calf, this is applicable to the selection of patterns and materials when making compression undergarments. Even when the same clothing pressure level is applied to the same body part, differences are observed depending on the posture, and the clothing pressure varies according to the subcutaneous fat level. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the clothing pressure in more diverse postures and motions for subjects with more diverse body types in the future.๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ ์ธ์ฒด๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์••๋ฐ•์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์˜๋ณต์••, ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ์••๋ฐ•๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ ์ • ์˜๋ณต์•• ๋ฐ ์˜๋ณต์••์ด ์ฐฉ์šฉ์ž์˜ ์ƒ๋ฆฌยท์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ๋ฏธ์นœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฒซ์งธ, ์„œ๋Š˜, ์พŒ์ , ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ ์ธ์ฒด์— ์ €, ์ค‘, ๊ณ ๋„์˜ ์••๋ฐ•์„ ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ธ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์˜๋ณต์••์„ ์ •๋Ÿ‰ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์‘๋‹ตํ•œ ์••๋ฐ•๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ธ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์ ์ • ์˜๋ณต์•• ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์••๋ฐ• ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์˜๋ณต์••์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ์ฒด ์ƒ๋ฆฌยท์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ๋ถ€๋‹ด ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด 20๋Œ€ ์„ฑ์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ 5์ธ(๋‚˜์ด 23.4 ยฑ 3.0 y, ์‹ ์žฅ 161.7 ยฑ 5.2 ใŽ, ์ฒดํ‘œ๋ฉด์  1.56 ยฑ 0.03 ใŽก)์ด ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜จ ์กฐ๊ฑด (21oC, 27oC, 34oC; ์Šต๋„ 50 ยฑ 5%RH)๊ณผ ์„ธ ๋ถ€์œ„ ์••๋ฐ• ์กฐ๊ฑด (ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ, ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ, ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ), ์„ธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์••๋ฐ• ์กฐ๊ฑด (0๋‹จ๊ณ„_์ธ์ฒด ๋‘˜๋ ˆ 100%, 1๋‹จ๊ณ„_์ธ์ฒด ๋‘˜๋ ˆ ์•ฝ 6โˆผ8% ๊ฐ์†Œ, 2๋‹จ๊ณ„_์ธ์ฒด ๋‘˜๋ ˆ ์•ฝ 12โˆผ17% ๊ฐ์†Œ)์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(์ด 27 ์กฐ๊ฑด; ํ”ผํ—˜์ž 5์ธ ร— 27 ์กฐ๊ฑด = 135ํšŒ). ์ธ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์••๋ฐ•์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋งž์ถค ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ(๊ฒ‰๊ฐ: ๋‚˜์ผ๋ก /ํด๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋ ˆํƒ„ 80/20, ์•ˆ๊ฐ: ๋‚˜์ผ๋ก /ํด๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋ ˆํƒ„ 91/9)๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์€ ์ด 60๋ถ„(์•‰์€ ์ž์„ธ 50๋ถ„ ํ›„ ์„  ์ž์„ธ 10๋ถ„ ์œ ์ง€)์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๊ณต๊ธฐํ›„์‹ค์—์„œ ์‹ค์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ณต์••์€ ์˜๋ณต์•• ์ธก์ •๊ธฐ(load cell type ์„ผ์„œ, ์••๋ ฅ์ธก์ •๋ฒ”์œ„ 0โˆผ500 g)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ, ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ, ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ 10๋ถ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง์žฅ์˜จ, ์•„ํ™‰ ๋ถ€์œ„ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜จ(์ด๋งˆ, ๋ฐฐ, ์•„๋ž˜ํŒ”, ์†๋“ฑ, ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ, ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ, ๋ฐœ๋“ฑ, ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ ์˜จ๋„, ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ๋‚ด ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜จ), ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ๋‚ด ์˜จยท์Šต๋„, ์‹ฌ๋ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Š” 1๋ถ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์† ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ˆ์••๊ณผ ์ฒด์ค‘์€ ์‹คํ—˜ ์ „๊ณผ ํ›„์— ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‰๊ท ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜จ์€ Hardy & Dubois์˜ ์‹์„ ์‘์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 7์ ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œ์„œ๊ฐ, ์Šต์œค๊ฐ, ๋ฐœํ•œ๊ฐ, ์••๋ฐ•๊ฐ, ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ํž˜๋“ค๊ธฐ๋Š” 7์  ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ, ์˜จ์—ด ์พŒ์ ๊ฐ์€ 4์  ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 10๋ถ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ ์ธ์ฒด๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์••๋ฐ•์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์˜๋ณต์••, ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ์••๋ฐ•๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ ์ • ์˜๋ณต์•• ๋ฐ ์˜๋ณต์••์ด ์ฐฉ์šฉ์ž์˜ ์ƒ๋ฆฌยท์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ๋ฏธ์นœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฒซ์งธ, ์„œ๋Š˜, ์พŒ์ , ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ ์ธ์ฒด์— ์ €, ์ค‘, ๊ณ ๋„์˜ ์••๋ฐ•์„ ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ธ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์˜๋ณต์••์„ ์ •๋Ÿ‰ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์‘๋‹ตํ•œ ์••๋ฐ•๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ธ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์ ์ • ์˜๋ณต์•• ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์••๋ฐ• ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์˜๋ณต์••์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ์ฒด ์ƒ๋ฆฌยท์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ๋ถ€๋‹ด ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด 20๋Œ€ ์„ฑ์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ 5์ธ(๋‚˜์ด 23.4 ยฑ 3.0 y, ์‹ ์žฅ 161.7 ยฑ 5.2 ใŽ, ์ฒดํ‘œ๋ฉด์  1.56 ยฑ 0.03 ใŽก)์ด ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜จ ์กฐ๊ฑด(21oC, 27oC, 34oC; ์Šต๋„ 50 ยฑ 5%RH)๊ณผ ์„ธ ๋ถ€์œ„ ์••๋ฐ• ์กฐ๊ฑด(ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ, ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ, ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ), ์„ธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์••๋ฐ• ์กฐ๊ฑด(0๋‹จ๊ณ„_์ธ์ฒด ๋‘˜๋ ˆ 100%, 1๋‹จ๊ณ„_์ธ์ฒด ๋‘˜๋ ˆ ์•ฝ 6โˆผ8% ๊ฐ์†Œ, 2๋‹จ๊ณ„_์ธ์ฒด ๋‘˜๋ ˆ ์•ฝ 12โˆผ17% ๊ฐ์†Œ)์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(์ด 27 ์กฐ๊ฑด; ํ”ผํ—˜์ž 5์ธ ร— 27 ์กฐ๊ฑด = 135ํšŒ). ์ธ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์••๋ฐ•์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋งž์ถค ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ(๊ฒ‰๊ฐ: ๋‚˜์ผ๋ก /ํด๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋ ˆํƒ„ 80/20, ์•ˆ๊ฐ: ๋‚˜์ผ๋ก /ํด๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋ ˆํƒ„ 91/9)๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์€ ์ด 60๋ถ„(์•‰์€ ์ž์„ธ 50๋ถ„ ํ›„ ์„  ์ž์„ธ 10๋ถ„ ์œ ์ง€)์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๊ณต๊ธฐํ›„์‹ค์—์„œ ์‹ค์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ณต์••์€ ์˜๋ณต์•• ์ธก์ •๊ธฐ(load cell type ์„ผ์„œ, ์••๋ ฅ์ธก์ •๋ฒ”์œ„ 0โˆผ500 g)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ, ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ, ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ 10๋ถ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง์žฅ์˜จ, ์•„ํ™‰ ๋ถ€์œ„ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜จ(์ด๋งˆ, ๋ฐฐ, ์•„๋ž˜ํŒ”, ์†๋“ฑ, ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ, ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ, ๋ฐœ๋“ฑ, ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ ์˜จ๋„, ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ๋‚ด ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜จ), ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ๋‚ด ์˜จยท์Šต๋„, ์‹ฌ๋ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Š” 1๋ถ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์† ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ˆ์••๊ณผ ์ฒด์ค‘์€ ์‹คํ—˜ ์ „๊ณผ ํ›„์— ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‰๊ท ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜จ์€ Hardy & Dubois์˜ ์‹์„ ์‘์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 7์ ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œ์„œ๊ฐ, ์Šต์œค๊ฐ, ๋ฐœํ•œ๊ฐ, ์••๋ฐ•๊ฐ, ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ํž˜๋“ค๊ธฐ๋Š” 7์  ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ, ์˜จ์—ด ์พŒ์ ๊ฐ์€ 4์  ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 10๋ถ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์••๋ฐ•์ˆ˜์ค€๋ณ„ ์˜๋ณต์••์€ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ 2๋‹จ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ 0๋‹จ๊ณ„์™€ 1๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค(P<0.01). ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•‰์€ ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์••๋ฐ•์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์˜๋ณต์••์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ (P<0.05), ์„  ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ๋Š” 1๋‹จ๊ณ„์™€ 2๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ„ ์˜๋ณต์•• ์ฐจ์ด ์—†์ด 0๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค(P<0.001). ์••๋ฐ•๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์˜๋ณต์••์€ ์•‰์€ ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค(P<0.001). ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์„  ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ๋Š” 0๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ , 1๋‹จ๊ณ„์™€ 2๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ์—๋Š” ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ, ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ, ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€์œ„ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜(P<0.01) ์ž์„ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ํ˜น์€ ์••๋ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€๋ณ„ ์˜๋ณต์••์—์„œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์‚ฐ์ ๋„์™€ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์‘๋‹ตํ•œ ์••๋ฐ•๊ฐ ์ ์ˆ˜ โ€“0.5์™€ 0.5 ์‚ฌ์ด์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ณต์•• ๊ฐ’์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž์„ธ๋ณ„ ์ตœ์  ์˜๋ณต์•• ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ ์•‰์€ ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ 4.5โˆผ13.8 mmHg, ์„  ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ 5.2โˆผ11.6 mmHg, ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ ์•‰์€ ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ 10.7โˆผ24.9 mmHg, ์„  ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ 6.7โˆผ22.1 mmHg, ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ ์•‰์€ ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ 4.9โˆผ17.2 mmHg, ์„  ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ 3.3โˆผ15.1 mmHg ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์–ป์–ด์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น„๊ต์  ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์˜๋ณต์••๊ณผ ์ƒ๋ฆฌยท์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋Š” 21oC์—์„œ, ์ธ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋Š” ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์••ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ƒ๊ด€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘์€ 21oC์—์„œ ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ ์˜๋ณต์••์ด ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์˜จ๋„์™€ ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ๋‚ด ์Šต๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„(P<0.05), 27oC์—์„œ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ(P<0.01)์™€ ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ(P<0.05) ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ ํ‰๊ท ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜จ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„, ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ๋‚ด ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜จ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„(P<0.01), 34oC์—์„œ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ ์ฒด์ค‘๊ฐ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค(P<0.05). ์ธ์ฒด ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘์€ ์˜๋ณต์••์ด ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ๋‚ด ๋ถ€์œ„๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฑด์กฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ(P<0.05), ๋” ์กฐ์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(P<0.05). ํŠนํžˆ, ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์••์‹œ ์˜๋ณต์••์ด ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์˜จ์—ด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ(P<0.05), ๋” ํž˜๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค(P<0.05). ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ง์žฅ์˜จ, ์‹ฌ๋ฐ•์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ํ•œ์„œ๊ฐ ๋ฐ˜์‘์—์„œ ์••๋ฐ•์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ, ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ ์••๋ฐ• ์‹œ ์ ์ • ์••๋ฐ• ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋„์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„“์ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ ์ • ์••๋ฐ•์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ข…์•„๋ฆฌ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋†’์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ด๋Š” ์••๋ฐ• ํ•˜์˜๋ฅ˜ ์ œ์ž‘ ์‹œ ํŒจํ„ด ๋ฐ ์†Œ์žฌ ์„ ํƒ์— ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ธ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์••๋ฐ•์ด ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ ธ๋„ ์ž์„ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ํ”ผํ•˜์ง€๋ฐฉ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์••๋ ฅ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ ์ธ ์••๋ฐ•๋ณต ์ œ์ž‘์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ถ”ํ›„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฒดํ˜•์˜ ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒดํ˜•๋ณ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ž์„ธ์™€ ๋™์ž‘์—์„œ์˜ ์˜๋ณต์••์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 5 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์˜๋ณต์•• 5 1. ์˜๋ณต์••๊ณผ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘ 5 2. ์˜๋ณต์••๊ณผ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๋ฐ˜์‘ 11 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜จ๋„์™€ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘ 14 1. ์ €์˜จํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘ 16 2. ๊ณ ์˜จํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘ 19 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 23 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ํ”ผํ—˜์ž 24 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์กฐ๊ฑด 25 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์‹คํ—˜์˜๋ณต 25 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ ๋ฐ ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 27 1. ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ 27 2. ์••๋ฐ•๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 29 3. ์˜๋ณต์•• ์ธก์ • 31 ์ œ 5 ์ ˆ ์‹คํ—˜์ˆœ์„œ 32 ์ œ 6 ์ ˆ ์ธก์ •ํ•ญ๋ชฉ 33 1. ์ธ์ฒด์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘ 33 2. ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๊ฐ๊ฐ 35 ์ œ 7 ์ ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ถ„์„ 36 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 37 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์˜๋ณต์••๊ณผ ์ ์ • ์˜๋ณต์•• ๋ฒ”์œ„ 37 1. ์••๋ฐ•๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ์˜๋ณต์•• 37 2. ์••๋ฐ•๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์˜๋ณต์•• 46 3. ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์ ์ • ์˜๋ณต์•• ๋ฒ”์œ„ 53 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์••๋ฐ•๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ์ƒ๋ฆฌยท์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘ 55 1. ์••๋ฐ•๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘ 55 2. ์••๋ฐ•๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ์ฃผ๊ด€๊ฐ 70 3. ์˜๋ณต์••๊ณผ ์ƒ๋ฆฌยท์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ 84 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์••๋ฐ•๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์˜๋ณต์••๊ณผ ์ƒ๋ฆฌยท์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘ 88 1. ์••๋ฐ•๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘ 88 2. ์••๋ฐ•๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์ฃผ๊ด€๊ฐ 108 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 122 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์˜๋ณต์••๊ณผ ์ ์ •์˜๋ณต์•• ๋ฒ”์œ„ 122 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์˜๋ณต์••๊ณผ ์ƒ๋ฆฌยท์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜์‘ 127 ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 132๋ฐ•

    - A cast study of cinnamon industry in Karandeniya and Matale, Sri Lanka-

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌ๋ฒ”๋Œ€ํ•™ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ต์œก๊ณผ(์ง€๋ฆฌ์ „๊ณต), 2019. 2. Macรญas, Douglas Roger.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ(Global Production Networks, GPN) ์ด๋ก ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์Šค๋ฆฌ๋ž‘์นด ์นด๋ž€๋ฐ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋ฐ ๋งˆํƒˆ๋ ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ชฌ ์‚ฐ์—…์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฐœ์ „์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ GPN ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ , ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™ ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง€์ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™ ๋…ผ์˜๋Š” ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ ์œ„์ฃผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ œ์กฐ์—…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์˜ downstream ํ™œ๋™์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฐ์™”๋‹ค. ์ง€์—ญ ์Šค์ผ€์ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์„ฑ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ๋ฐœ์ „์—๋งŒ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์™”๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” global South์˜ ๋†์ดŒ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ์˜ upstream ํ™œ๋™์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ , ์ง€์—ญ๋ฐœ์ „์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ์  ๊ด€์ ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์Šค์ผ€์ผ์—์„œ์˜ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ชฌ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ์ธ ์นด๋ž€๋ฐ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋ฐ ๋งˆํƒˆ๋ ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋“ฑ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋„ค๋ฒˆ์งธ ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” GPN ์ด๋ก  ํ‹€๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฐœ์ „์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์นด๋ž€๋ฐ๋‹ˆ์•„์™€ ๋งˆํƒˆ๋ ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ชฌ ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€์—ญ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ํ–‰์œ„์ž๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ชฌ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ „ํ™˜(spatial switching)์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€, ์ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ๋ฐœ์ „์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐํžŒ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ชฌ ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋†๋ถ€, ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ž(peeler), ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ƒ์ธ(Collector), ์ˆ˜์ถœ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๋œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ, ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋†๋ถ€์™€ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ž๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด, ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ƒ์ธ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์ถœ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ํฌํšํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ ์ธ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ฐฝ์ถœ๋œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ถœํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋ณด ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๊ฐ„, ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋ณด์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถœํšŒ์‚ฌ์™€์˜ ์ „๋žต์  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ(strategic decoupling), ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ํ–‰์œ„์ž์™€์˜ ์ „๋žต์  ์žฌ๊ฒนํ•ฉ(strategic recoupling)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์Šต์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์„ฑ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ๋ฐœ์ „์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘๋˜ ๊ธฐ์กด GPN ๋…ผ์˜์—์„œ๋Š”, ์ฐฝ์ถœ๋œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด์— ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฌํš๋˜๋Š” ์นด๋ž€๋ฐ๋‹ˆ์•„๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋น„์ถฐ์ง„๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ์  ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด ํ–‰์œ„์ž ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์ ์€ ์นด๋ž€๋ฐ๋‹ˆ์•„์— ๋น„ํ•ด, ๋น„๋ก ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์œ ์ถœ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด ํ–‰์œ„์ž ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋งˆํƒˆ๋ ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ์˜ ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์„ฑ์žฅ์—๋งŒ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘๋˜ ๊ธฐ์กด GPN์˜ ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๋…ผ์˜์— ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๋‚ด์˜ ํ–‰์œ„์ž ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค.This research analyzes the case of the cinnamon industry in the Karandeniya and Matale regions of Sri Lanka deploying a Global Production Networks (GPN) framework inclusive of regional development considerations. The thesis begins with a presentation of theoretical background related to GPNs and some limitations related to the perspective in the existing economic geographical literature, namely an emphasis on downstream manufacturing activity in more developed countries, and a regional scale, economic growth oriented view of development. The argument presented is that analyses of upstream activity in agricultural regions in the global South deploying a distributional view of regional development may help to overcome these limitations. The third chapter, provides background information related to the research topic, including multi-spatial information about the cinnamon industry (global, national, and regional), as a well as regional background on the target regions for the case study, Karandeniya and Matale. The fourth chapter explores the cinnamon industries in the Karandeniya and Matale region vis-ร -vis the GPN framework and regional development considerations. This unpacks the local environment, actor interaction, and resulting structural outcomes. Further, it unearths evidence of spatial switching in the cinnamon industry and its influence on both local actors and regional development. Field observation found four prime actors in the cinnamon industry, namely farmers, peelers, collectors and exporting firms. While the farmers and peelers create most to the value, collectors and exporting firms, actors in the minority, capture the most value. In the past, in both Karandeniya and Matale, the value created in the region leaked to another region because the exporters were located in Colombo. However, there were a series of cases of strategic decoupling with the exporting firms in Colombo and subsequent strategic recoupling with other actors. According to the existing view of regional development in the GPN literature, one based on economic growth measured at the regional scale, Karandeniya represents a typical successful case. However, the extent of value distribution within the region is different from that experienced in Matale, which is more equitable. This raises a pertinent question about the view of regional development as growth. Therefore, more in line with the distributional view, this thesis argues for regional development as well-being, and a consideration of value distribution and equity for all actors within a given (agricultural) region resulting from strategic decoupling and recoupling.Table of Contents โ… . Introduction 1. Research Relevance and Purpose 2. Thesis Outline โ…ก. Theoretical Background 1. Global Production Networks 1) Past Debates and GPNs: What is in a Word? 2) Regional Development and Strategic Coupling 3) Value and Power Relationships 4) Embeddedness and Institutions 5) Adding a Distributional View to GPNs 2. Agriculture and the Global South 1) The Increased Dynamics of the Global South 2) The Global South in Economic Geography 3) The Dynamics of the Global South through a GPN Lens 3. Summary and Implications for the Thesis โ…ข. Research Background 1. The Cinnamon Industry 1) The Global Cinnamon Market 2) The Cinnamon Industry in Sri Lanka 2. Introduction of Regions Targeted for Analysis 1) Karandeniya 2) Matale โ…ฃ. Case Study Comprising the Research 1. Research Questions 2. Methodology and Data 1) Interview 2) Data 3) Participant Observation 3. Results and Discussions 4. Summary โ…ค. Conclusion ReferencesMaste

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๋™์–‘ํ™”๊ณผ, 2017. 2. ์ฐจ๋™ํ•˜.์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2013๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2016๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ์š•๋ง์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ํ•„์ž์˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์ž‘์—…์˜ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์ฐฝ์ž‘ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ํ˜•์‹์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•„์ž๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์†Œ์œ ์š•์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์†Œ์œ ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํ—ˆ์ƒ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์— ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒํ™œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ํ—ˆ์ƒ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์†์—์„œ ์ง€๋‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ์‹ค์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ธ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜์‹์„ ์‹œ์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์˜ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์†Œ์œ ์™€ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ์š•๋ง์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์—…์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋˜ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ด๋ก ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋‹ค. โ… ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ์š•๋ง์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค. โ…ก์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์•ž์„œ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์†Œ์œ ์™€ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ์š•๋ง์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณธ๋‹ค. โ…ก์žฅ 1์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„œ์ˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•„์ž์˜ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๋†€์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํ™”๋ฉด ์† ํ—ˆ์ƒ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค. โ…ก์žฅ 2์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ์˜ ์†Œ์œ  ์š•๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„œ์ˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์œ  ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ , ํ•„์ž๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ์š•๋ง์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ์š•๋ง์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•„์ž์˜ ์ž‘์—…๊ณผ ์ด ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค. โ…ข์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์†Œ์œ ์™€ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ์š•๋ง์ด ์ž‘์—…์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค. โ…ข์žฅ 1์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋†€์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋†€์ด-๋•…๋”ฐ๋จน๊ธฐ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € โ…ก์žฅ์˜ ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๋†€์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•œ ๋†€์ด์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ๋•…๋”ฐ๋จน๊ธฐ ๋†€์ด์˜ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์˜ ์ „๊ฐœ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. โ…ข์žฅ 2์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์†Œ์œ ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋ฐ•์ œ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ์ž‘์—…์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ๋ฐ•์ œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์–ด์„œ ๋น„๋‹์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ๋งค์ฒด์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์„ค์น˜ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. โ…ข์žฅ 3์ ˆ์—์„œ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณธ์ธ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์•ž์—์„œ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•œ ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ์†Œ์œ ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ณดํŽธ์  ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์†์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”๋œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ƒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‚ถ์—์„œ ์†Œ์œ  ์š•๋ง์„ ํ‘œ์ถœํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•œ ํ›„, ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค. โ…ฃ์žฅ์˜ ๋งบ์Œ๋ง์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณธ๋ก ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ป์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„์™€ ์š•๋ง์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ํ•„์ž์˜ ์ž‘์—…์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์˜์˜์™€ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๋˜ํ•œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค. ์ด์–ด์„œ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋  ์ž‘์—…์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•ด๋ณธ๋‹ค.โ… . ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ง 1 โ…ก. ์†Œ์œ ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ์†Œ์œ  ์š•๋ง 5 1. ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์†Œ์œ  6 1) ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ๋†€์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 7 2) ํ™”๋ฉด ์† ํ—ˆ์ƒ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 10 2. ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ์†Œ์œ  ์š•๋ง 12 โ…ข. ํ—ˆ์ƒ์  ์†Œ์œ  ์š•๋ง์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ 20 1. ๋†€์ด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ธฐ 21 1) ๋•…๋”ฐ๋จน๊ธฐ ๋†€์ด 23 2) ์ž‘์—…์˜ ์ „๊ฐœ 30 2. ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ ์œ  40 1) ๋น„๋‹์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐ•์ œ 42 2) ๋ฐ˜ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 47 3. ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ™”๋œ ์š•๋ง 51 1) ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ™” 54 2) ์ˆ˜์น˜์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ 57 โ…ฃ. ๋งบ์Œ๋ง 62 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 64 ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋„ํŒ 67 Abstract 88Maste

    Analysis of determinants of capital flows in Korea using SVAR model

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™๋ถ€, 2021. 2. ๊น€์†Œ์˜.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ž๋ณธ์œ ์ถœ์ž… ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ์„ ๋Œ€์™ธ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€๋‚ด ์‹ค๋ฌผ๋ณ€์ˆ˜, ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ๋ณ€์ˆ˜, ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  SVAR ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ž๋ณธ์œ ์ถœ์ž…์— ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋˜ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ์ฆ๊ถŒํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ธˆ ์™ธ์—๋„ ๋‚ด๊ตญ์ธ ์ฆ๊ถŒํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ธˆ, ํ•ด์™ธ์ฐจ์ž… ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์ถœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„๋„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ ์ž๊ธˆ๋ณ„ ์œ ์ถœ์ž… ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ๊ณผ ์ž๊ธˆ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ „์ฒด ์ฆ๊ถŒํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ธˆ ์ˆœ์œ ์ž…์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์™ธ์š”์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ถŒํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ธˆ์„ ํˆฌ์ž์ฃผ์ฒด๋ณ„, ํˆฌ์ž์ƒํ’ˆ๋ณ„ ์ž๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™”ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋‚ด์š”์ธ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๋Œ€์™ธ์š”์ธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ์ฃผ์‹โ€ค์ฑ„๊ถŒ ์ž๊ธˆ, ๋‚ด๊ตญ์ธ ์ฃผ์‹โ€ค์ฑ„๊ถŒ ์ž๊ธˆ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‚ด์š”์ธ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ํฐ๋ฐ๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ์ž๊ธˆ ๋ฐ ์ „์ฒด ์ฆ๊ถŒํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ธˆ ์ˆœ์œ ์ž…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‚ด์š”์ธ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง„ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ž๊ธˆ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ์ฆ๊ถŒํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‹ค๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ์— ์ •(+)์˜ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฃผ์‹์ž๊ธˆ์—๋Š” ์œ ์ถœ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ, ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์ž๊ธˆ์—๋Š” ์œ ์ž…์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์šฉํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์ƒ์‡„๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ์€ํ–‰์ž๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•ด์™ธ์ฐจ์ž…๊ณผ ํ•ด์™ธ๋Œ€์ถœ, ์ˆœ์œ ์ž… ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ€๋‚ด์š”์ธ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ๋กœ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋Œ€์™ธ์š”์ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ, ์‹ค๋ฌผ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์€ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์ž๊ธˆ ์ด์™ธ์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์—๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋‚ด์š”์ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์Šคํฌ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ, ์‹ค๋ฌผ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์˜ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์••๋„์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์ž๊ธˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค๋ฌผ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์Šคํฌ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๋” ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‚ดโ€ง์™ธ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ์ฆ๊ถŒํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ธˆ์€ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ๋ฐ ๋‚ด๊ตญ์ธ ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์–ด ๊ทธ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ์ƒ์‡„๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์€ํ–‰์ž๊ธˆ์€ ํ•ด์™ธ์ฐจ์ž…๊ณผ ํ•ด์™ธ๋Œ€์ถœ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ์‡„ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์–ด ๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์œ ์ถœ์••๋ ฅ์ด ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์€ํ–‰์ž๊ธˆ์€ ์ฆ๊ถŒํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ธˆ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์ •์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด๋ฐ๋‹ค ํ•ด์™ธ์ฐจ์ž…๊ณผ ํ•ด์™ธ๋Œ€์ถœ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋งŒ๊ธฐ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ์€ํ–‰์ž๊ธˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋‚ดโ€ค์™ธ ์š”์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ํˆฌ์ž์ฃผ์ฒด๋ณ„, ์ž๊ธˆ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ์ž๊ธˆ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™•๋Œ€๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž๊ธˆ์œ ์ถœ์ž… ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž๊ธˆ๋ณ„ ์œ ์ถœ์ž…์š”์ธ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ์ž๊ธˆ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.In this study, the determinants of capital inflow and outflow were divided into global(push factor) and domestic(pull factor) real variables, interest rate variables, and uncertainty variables, and the SVAR methodology was used to analyze how the impact of each variable affects Korea's capital outflow and inflow. In addition to foreign portfolio investment, which were mainly covered in the previous study, analysis of domestic portfolio investment, lend inflow and loan outflow was also added to confirm the determinants of inflow and outflow of each fund and the interaction between funds. As a result of the analysis, first, it was confirmed that the determinants of the net portfolio investment are mainly push factors, but in the case of subdividing portfolio investment funds into funds by investment entity and investment product, the influence of pull factors in most funds is more important than push factors. Despite the large influence of pull factors for foreign stocks and debt securities inflow, and for domestic stocks and securities outflow, the reason of reduce importance of the pull factors in the foreign portfolio investment and net portfolio investment was judged to be due to the interaction between the funds. In the case of foreign portfolio investment, when a positive shock occurred on domestic real and interest rates, the impact of the shock was offset by acting differently as an outflow factor for stocks and an inflow factor for debt securities. In the case of bank funds, it was confirmed that both lend inflow, loan outflow, and net inflow were affected by pull factors. Second, looking at the magnitude of the impact, it was found that in the case of push factors, the impact of uncertainty impact and real impact is large. In particular, the US interest rate shock was not significant for funds other than foreign debt securities, indicating that the impact was not significant. In the case of pull factors, interest rate shock, national risk shock, and real shock were in order. In the case of domestic interest rate shock, the impact was overwhelming in most of the funds excluding foreign debt securities. It was confirmed that the impact of domestic real shock and national risk shock was greater in foreign debt securities. Lastly, it was analyzed that in the event of a shock of global or domestic uncertainty, the shock is offset by the reduction of foreign and domestic funds for debt securities investment at the same time. On the other hand, bank funds have little offset effect between lend inflow and loan outflow, and the short-term outflow pressure is high. This seems to be because bank funds are difficult to adjust immediately in the financial market, unlike portfolio investment and there is a maturity mismatch between lend inflow and loan outflow. Therefore, it can be said that it is important to strengthen the management of bank funds in the event of an uncertainty shock. According to the analysis results of this paper, the impact of the impact on push and pull factors may vary by investing entity and by the nature of the fund, and the magnitude of the impact may be reduced or enlarged by the interaction between funds. Therefore, in order to accurately identify the factors that determine the inflow and outflow of funds, it can be said that it is important to accurately analyze the inflow and outflow factors for each fund and consider the interaction between funds.โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1 โ…ก. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  2 โ…ข. ๋ชจํ˜•์„ค์ • 4 1. ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 5 2. ๋ถ„์„๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ฐœ์š” 6 3. ์ฃผ์š”๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ถ”์ด 8 โ…ฃ. ์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 10 1. ์ฆ๊ถŒํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ธˆ 10 2. ํ•ด์™ธ์ฐจ์ž… ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์ถœ 17 โ…ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  21 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 23 ๋ถ€๋ก 1. ํ™˜์œจ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ VAR ์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 25 ๋ถ€๋ก 2. ์„ค๋ช…๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ˆœ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•œ VARใ€€์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 28 ๋ถ€๋ก 3. ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ VAR ์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 31Maste

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