2 research outputs found
์ฐ์ ์ฉ ๋ด์๊ฒฝ์ ์ฅ์ฐฉํ๋๋ก 3D ํ๋ฆฐํฐ๋ก ์ ์ํ ๋ณด๊ธํ ํ๋๊ฒฝ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐ๊ณผ ํ๊ฐ
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ผ๋ฌธ(์์ฌ) -- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต๋ํ์ : ์์๊ณผ๋ํ ์์ํ๊ณผ, 2023. 2. ์ด์ธํ.To model a low-cost three-dimensional (3D) printed veterinary use video laryngoscope (VLVET) with a commercial borescope and evaluate the VLVET in Beagle dogs.
The VLVET consisted of a Miller-type laryngoscope and a detachable camera holder that could be attached to various locations along the blade and was printed using a black polylactic acid filament through a 3D printer. Each dog was anesthetized using intravenous medetomidine (15 ฮผg kg-1) and alfaxalone (1.5 mg kg-1) in sternal recumbency. The camera was located 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 cm from the blade tip positioned on the larynx (distanceLARYNX-CAM treatment), and the scores of laryngeal visualization and intubation were evaluated on screen and by the naked eye simultaneously. At 10 cm distanceLARYNX-CAM, laryngeal visualization was scored at 10, 8, 6, 4 and 2 cm distances between upper and lower incisors (distanceINTER-INCISOR treatment). The scores were analyzed using a KruskalโWallis test.
Six Beagles (11.6 ยฑ 1.1 kg and 3.0 ยฑ 1.0 years) were enrolled in this test, and their maximum inter-incisor distance and the length of the oral cavity were 10.2 ยฑ 0.5 and 12.1 ยฑ 0.7 cm, respectively. The distanceLARYNX-CAM could be adjusted within 5โ10 seconds; then the VLVET could be reused immediately without further reinforcement. At all distanceLARYNX-CAM, whole glottis and intubation were observed on screen and by the naked eye, except for naked eye view at 2 cm distanceLARYNX-CAM (all p < 0.005). On both views, the visualization scores were higher at โฅ 6 cm distanceINTER-INCISOR than 2 cm distanceINTER-INCISOR (all p < 0.005), and glottis was observed at โฅ 4 distanceINTER-INCISOR except for one laryngoscopy on naked eye view.
During laryngoscopy and intubation, VLVET enabled both video and direct laryngoscope to be used simultaneously, at various distanceLARYNX-CAM in Beagles with โฅ 6 cm distanceINTER-INCISOR.๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ชฉ์ ์ ์ํ๋๋ borescope๋ฅผ ์ฅ์ฐฉํ ์ ์๋ 3Dํ๋ฆฐํ
์ ์ด์ฉํ ๋น๋์ค ํ๋๊ฒฝ (VLVET)์ ์ ์ํ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๋น๊ธ๊ฒฌ์์ ํ๊ฐํ๊ธฐ ์ํจ์ด๋ค.
VLVET ์ ๊ฒ์ ์ polylactic acid๋ก 3Dํ๋ฆฐํฐ๋ฅผ ํตํด ์ธ์๋ Miller ํ ํ๋๊ฒฝ ๋ณธ์ฒด์ ๋ธ๋ ์ด๋ ์ ๋ค์ํ ์์น์ ์นด๋ฉ๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ฐฉํ ์ ์๋ ๋ถ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์นด๋ฉ๋ผ ํ๋๋ถ๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฑ๋์ด์๋ค. ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ ๋น๊ธ๊ฒฌ๋ค์ ๋ณต์์์์ ์ ๋งฅ์ฃผ์ฌ๋ฅผ ํตํด medetomidine (15 ฮผg kg-1) ๊ณผ alfaxalone (1.5 mg kg-1) ๋ก ๋ง์ทจ๋์๋ค. ์นด๋ฉ๋ผ์ ์์น๋ ํ๋์ ๋ฟ๋ ๋ธ๋ ์ด๋ ๋์ผ๋ก๋ถํฐ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 cm ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ (distanceLARYNX-CAM) ์ ์ฅ์ฐฉํ์ฌ ๊ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณ๋ก ๋งจ๋ ์์ผ์ ํ๋ฉด์ ํตํ ์์ผ๋ก ํ๋ ๊ฐ์ํ ์ ์์ ์ฝ๊ด ๊ฐ์ํ ์ ๋๋ฅผ ํ๊ฐํ๋ค. 10 cm distanceLARYNX-CAM ์ ์นด๋ฉ๋ผ๋ฅผ ์์น์ํจ ๋ค, ์
์ ๋ฒ๋ ค ์์๋ ์๋ ์ฌ์ด์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ (distanceINTER-INCISOR) ๋ฅผ 10, 8, 6, 4, 2 cm ๋ก 2 cm ๊ฐ๊ฒฉ์ผ๋ก ์ค์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์์ ํ๋ ๊ฐ์ํ ์ ์๋ฅผ ์ธก์ ํ์๋ค. ๊ฐ ์ ์๋ Kruskal-wallis test๋ฅผ ํตํด ํต๊ณ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์๋์๋ค.
ํ๊ท ์ฒด์ค 11.6 ยฑ 1.1 kg, ํ๊ท ๋์ด 3.0 ยฑ 1.0 ๋
๋ น์ 6 ๋ง๋ฆฌ ๋น๊ธ์ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ์คํ์ ์งํํ์๋ค. ๋ธ๋ ์ด๋ ์์์์ ์นด๋ฉ๋ผ์ ์์น๋5-10์ด ์ด๋ด์ ์กฐ์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๊ณ , ์์น ์ด๋ ํ์๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๊ณ ์ ์ฅ์น ์์ด ์ฆ์ VLVETยฌ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ ์ ์์๋ค. 2 cm ๋ฅผ ์ ์ธํ ๋ชจ๋ distanceLARYNX-CAM ์์ ๋งจ๋๊ณผ ํ๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋๋ฅผ ํตํด ์ฑ๋ฌธ ์ ์ฒด์ ์ฝ๊ด์ด ๋๋ ๊ฒ์ ํ์ธํ ์ ์์๋ค. ๋งจ๋๊ณผ ํ๋ฉด ์์ผ ๋ชจ๋์์ distanceINTER-INCISOR ๊ฐ 6 cm ์ด์์ผ๋ 2 cm ์ ๋นํด ๋ ๋์ ๊ฐ์ํ ์ ์๋ฅผ ๋ณด์์ผ๋ฉฐ 4 cm ์ด์์์๋ ํ ๋ง๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ ์ธํ๊ณ ๋ ๋ชจ๋ ๋งจ๋์ผ๋ก ์ฑ๋ฌธ์ ํ์ธํ ์ ์์๋ค. ๋น๊ธ์์ ํ๋ ๊ฒ์ฌ์ ์ฝ๊ด์ ์งํํ๋ ๊ณผ์ ์์, VLVET์ ๋ค์ํ distanceLARYNX-CAM ์์์ 6 cm ์ด์์distanceINTER-INCISOR์์ ๋น๋์ค ํ๋๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์ง์ ํ๋๊ฒฝ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ๋์์ ์ํํ ์ ์์๋ค.Introduction 1
Materials and Methods 3
1. 3D modeling and printing of the VLVET 3
2. Borescope 4
3. Figure 1 5
4. Animals 6
5. Anesthetic procedures 6
6. Laryngoscopy and intubation 6
7. Figure 2 8
8. Laryngeal visualization scoring system 9
9. Figure 3 10
10. Statistics 11
Results 12
1. Figure 4 14
2. Table 1 15
3. Table 2 16
Discussion 17
1. Figure 5 21
Conclusion 22
Reference 23
Abstract in Korean 25์