Life attitude patterns and post-retirement adaptation among men retirees

학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :소비자아동학과,1999.Docto

Financial Pressure due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and Family Life and Psychological Well-Being in Korea: Short-Term Longitudinal Impacts and Moderators

연구목적: 본 연구는 코로나19 장기화로 인한 가계경제 악화가 경제생활, 가족생활, 심리적 복지, 가족 및 사회관계망 변화에 차이를 가져왔는지를 파악하고, 가계경제 악화가 심리적 복지에 미치는 영향을 가족 및 사회관계망 자원이 조절하는지를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법: 2020년 5월과 11월 두 차례에 걸친 온라인조사에 모두 참여한 561명(연령: 20-64세)을 연구대상으로 혼합분산분석과 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과: 1차조사와 2차조사 사이에 가계경제가 악화된 집단은 같은 기간 동안 행복감과 가족탄력성이 낮아졌고, 스트레스 수준은 높아졌다. 반면 가계경제가 유지되었거나 개선된 집단은 주관적 행복감이 오히려 향상되었다. 1차조사에서의 행복과 스트레스를 통제한 상태에서 2차조사 시점의 행복과 스트레스를 각각 종속변수로 하는 회귀분석 결과, 가계경제가 악화된 경우 행복감(2차조사)은 낮았고 스트레스(2차조사) 수준은 높았다. 또한 가계경제 악화와 행복의 관계에서 가족탄력성 및 친구의 지원 두 가지 모두의 조절효과가 유의하였다. 특히 가족탄력성은 가계경제가 행복에 미치는 부정적 영향을 완화하였다. 그러나 가계경제 악화가 스트레스에 미친 영향에 대해서는 조절효과가 발견되지 않았다. 결론: 본 연구결과는 코로나19가 장기화하면서 가계경제 악화 여부에 따른 심리적 측면에서의 양극화가 나타나고 있음을 보여준다. 따라서 악화된 가계경제에 대한 지원과 함께 가족탄력성을 강화하는 가족지원이 필요함을 시사한다. Objectives: This study focuses on changes in family economic conditions caused by the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in family life, individual psychological well-being, and relationship resources during COVID-19 depending on whether the economic conditions of the family have negatively been impacted by the pandemic or not. We also examined whether family resilience and support from friends moderated the relationship between economic deterioration and psychological well-being. Method: Data were collected from 561 Koreans (age: 20-64) at two time points in May 2020 (W1) and November 2020 (W2). Mixture ANOVAs and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Results: Respondents whose family economic situation deteriorated between W1 and W2 reported a decrease in happiness and family resilience, as well as an increase in perceived stress during the same period. In contrast, those whose economic conditions remained the same or improved experienced a slight increase in happiness. The economic deterioration of the family was respectively associated with a lower level of happiness and a higher level of stress at W2 after controlling for happiness and stress at W1. Family resilience and support from friends moderated the association between family economy and happiness, however the moderation effect was not found in the relationship between a decline in family economy and stress. Conclusions: Our results suggest that families with worsened economic situations tend to experience more difficulties in psychological well-being due to the prolonged pandemic although family resilience buffered the negative impact. Policies and family services need to provide financial support and strengthen family resilience particularly for individuals and families whose economic situations have deteriorated during the crisis.N

Sinus floor grafting using calcium phosphate nano-crystal coated xenogenic bone and autologous bone

Purpose: Rehabilitation of the edentulous posterior maxilla with dental implants often poses difficulty because of insufficient bone volume caused by pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and by crestal bone resorption. Sinus grafting technique was developed to increase the vertical height to overcome this problem. The present study was designed to evaluate the sinus floor augmentation with anorganic bovine bone (Biocera TM) using histomorphometric and clinical measures. Patients and methods: Thirteen patients were involved in this study and underwent total 14 sinus lift procedures. Residual bone height was ≥2mm and ≤6mm. Lateral window approach was used, with grafting using Bio-cera™ only(n=1) or mixed with autogenous bone from ramus and/or maxillary tuberosity(n=13). After 6 months of healing, implant sites were created with 3mm diameter trephine and biopsies taken for histomorphometric analysis. The parameters assessed were area fraction of new bone, graft material and connective tissue. Immediate and 6 months after grafting surgery, and 6 months after implantation, computed tomography (CT) was taken and the sinus graft was evaluated morphometric analysis. After implant installation at the grafted area, the clinical outcome was checked. Results: Histomorphometry was done in ten patients. Bio-cera™ particles were surrounded by newly formed bone. The graft particles and newly formed bone were surrounded by connective tissue including small capillaries in some fields. Imaging processing revealed 24.86±7.59% of new bone, 38.20±13.19% connective tissue, and 36.92±14.51% of remaining Bio-cera™ particles. All grafted sites received an implant, and in all cases sufficient bone height was achieved to install implants. The increase in ridge height was about 15.9±1.8mm immediately after operation (from 13mm to 19mm). After 6 months operation, ridge height was reduced about 11.5±13.5%. After implant installation, average marginal bone loss after 6 months was 0.3±0.15mm. Conclusion: Bio-cera™ showed new bone formation similar with Bio-Oss histomorphometrically and appeared to be an effective bone substitute in maxillary sinus augmentation procedure with the residual bone height from 2 to 6mm.N

2D and 3D structural study of rete ridge in oral mucosa and skin paddle of various free flaps

Objects : With the advancement of tissue engineering techniques, the effort to develop bioartificial mucosa have been actively delivered. The problem we met with this technique is the lack of mechanical strength between kerationocyte layer and dermal layer, where in the normal skin and mucosa, they are tightly bound with rete ridge structure. The purpose of this study is to understand the 2D and 3D structure of rete ridge of mucosa and skin paddle for rendering more biomimetic structure to the artificial mucosa. Materials and Methods : Oral mucosa and skin from the patients who received the oral surgery and maxillofacial reconstruction were harvested. The epidermis was separated from the dermis after treating with dispase for 12-16 hours. H&E staining was performed for 2D(dimensional) structure study and confocal LASER and SEM study were performed for 3D structure. Mean height(Sc) and arithmetic mean deviation(Sa) of all surface height were calculated. Results : The average height of rete ridge of skin flap was between 67.14㎛ and 194.55㎛. That of oral mucosa was between 146.26㎛ and 167.51㎛. Pressure bearing area and attached gingiva of oral mucosa showed deeper rete ridges. Conclusion : To obtain the adequate strength of artificially cultured keratinocyte skin and mucosa flap, it is necessary to imitate the original skin and mucosa structure, especially rete ridge. Through this study, 2D and 3D rete ridge structure of normal mucosa and skin was obtained. These results can be used as basis for substrate morphology for keratinocytes culture.본 연구는 보건복지부 보건의료기술진흥 사업의 지원에 의하여 이루어진 것임(과제고유번호 : 03-PJ1-PG3-20500-0025)