16 research outputs found
ì§ì§í ì¬ê°ë¡ì ì íµìì ëíží íë곌 묎í묞íì ì°ì ì ì¹
íìë
Œë¬ž (ìì¬)-- ììžëíêµ ëíì : ìžë¥í곌, 2016. 2. ê°ì ì.ìŽ ì°êµ¬ë ì íµìì ëížíì ì¬ë¡ë¥Œ íµíŽ íìë€ìŽ í묌굿곌 í춀ì ì§ì ííšìŒë¡ìš ë¥ëì ìŒë¡ ìì ì ì¬ê°íëì ìŠêž°ê³ , ìŽë¥Œ íµíŽ ìì°ì€ëœê² 묎í묞íì ì°ì ì ì¹íŽëê°ê³ ììì í구íë€. ìŽë¥Œ ìíŽ ì°êµ¬ìë 2014ë
11ìë¶í° 2015ë
3ìê¹ì§ ìœ 5ê°ì ê° ììžì í ì íµìì ëížíìì íì§ì¡°ì¬ë¥Œ ì§ííë©° ì¥êµ¬ë¥Œ ì¹ê³ í춀ì ì¶ë ë±ì ì°žì¬êŽì°°ê³Œ ëíží 구ì±ì곌ì ë©ŽëŽì ìííìë€.
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Œë¬žì ì°êµ¬ëìì§ìž ì íµìì ëíží, íìì ëª
íì 1980ë
ë íë° ì°œì€ëìŽ ìëì ë¶ìêž°ì ë°ëŒ ì¬íë³íì ìí íëì ì°žì¬íêž°ë íë€. ê·žë¬ë ëížíì íëìì 묎ìë³Žë€ ì€ìí ê²ì íìë€ìŽ ì§ì ì íµìì ì ííê³ ê·ž ì첎륌 ìŠêž°ë ê²ìŽë€. íìë€ì ìì ì ì¬ê°ìíì ì§í±íŽì£Œë ëíží륌 ìë°ì ìŒë¡ ìŽìíë©° ëŽë¶ì ê·ì¹ì ê³µì íë€. ìŽ ëížíì íëì ì§ì§í ì¬ê°ì íìì ì€ ì 묞ê°ì ëì€ê³Œ ìŒìêŽê³ì²Žê³ë¥Œ íì±íë ìë§ì¶ìŽê° íëíë 구조륌 ê°ëë€. ìŽë€ì ëížíìì ì£Œë ¥íë 묎í묞íì ì°ì 볎졎íì ì 묞ê°ìê² íŽë¹ ìë¥ì ì ì ë°ê³ ìì ì êž°ëì ì°ë§íë€. ê·žëŠ¬ê³ ê°ì¢
ê³µì°ì íµíŽ ë€ë¥ž íìë€ê³Œ íšê» ê·ž ì€ë ¥ì ëœëŽë©° ëíží ìžë¶ì ì¡Žì¬íë ëì€ê³Œ ë§ëë€.
íìë€ì ëíží íëì ìíŽ ì ìš ìê°ì í ì íë€. ìŽë€ìŽ ì íµìì ì ííê² ë 배겜ì ê³µíµì ìŒë¡ ì¡Žì¬íë ê²ì ê°ì í겜ìŽë ì¬íìíì íµí ì§â€ê°ì ì ìž ì²ŽíìŽë€. 곌거 ì íµìì ì ëí 겜íì ìŒì¢
ì íìµíšê³Œë¥Œ 볎ì¬ì€ë€. íì¬ íìë€ì ì íµìì ì 몞ì ë°°ì°ê³ ì§ìì ìŒë¡ íí ì ìë ëìì ìž ê³µê°ìž ëížíìì íëíë€. ì íµìì ì ííë©° ëë ì ìë 볞ì°ì ì¬ë¯žì ëë£ìì ìížìì©, ì¡°ì§ììì ìí ë± íì ê°ììê² ìê·¹ìŽ ëìë ììë í묌굿ì ì¹ê³ í춀ì ì¶ë©° ëíží íëì 몰ëíë ê²ì ì§ì§í ì¬ê°ë¡ ìŒëë¡ ë§ë ë€. íìë€ì ê°ìžì ìŒë¡ ìì ì 몞ì ìŽì©íì¬ íìí êž°ì ì ìµíê³ ìŽë¥Œ íííë©° ì€ì€ë¡ë¥Œ ì¬ìžìíê³ ì¹ì íë ë±ì íšì©ì 겜ííë€. ëí ëë£íìë€ê³Œ í ê³µê°ìì íšê» ì°ìµíê³ ê³µì°íë íëì íë©° ì íµìì ì 맀ê°ë¡ ëë¡ë ìë¡ë¥Œ ì§í¬íê³ ëë¡ë ìë¡ìê² ìì§íë ë± ëìììŽ ìížìì©íë€.
ì íµìì ìŽëŒë ëížííëì ì¥ë¥Žì í¹ì§ì ëíží ìžë¶ìžê³ì ë§ë ë ëì± ëëë¬ì§ë€. ëíží íìë€ì ì°íì 곌거ì ìë¡ì²ëŒ 벜ì¬ì êž°ë¥ì ìííêž°ë íê³ íëì êŽê°ìê² ìë¡ìŽ ë³Œê±°ëŠ¬ê° ëêž°ë íë€. ê·žë¬ë ëê° ëížíì ëìžíëì 묎ëì ì€ë¥Žë ê³µì°ìì ìŽëŒë ìììŒë¡ ìŽë£šìŽì§ë€. ìŽë ì§ì§í ì¬ê°ì ë íìììž ì·šë¯žíëê°ì ìë§ì¶ìŽ ê°ìŽë° íì ê°ìê° ì·šíë ì
ì¥ì ë°ëŒ íëì ì§í¥ìë ì°šìŽê° ëíëë€. 췚믞íëê°ì ê²œì° ëŽë¶ì ë§ì¡±ì ì€ìíë©° ì íµìì ì íµí ìŠê±°ì ì첎륌 ì°ì ìíë ë°ë©Ž, ìë§ì¶ìŽì ê²œì° êŽê°ê³Œì ìíµì ì€ìí 묞ì ë¡ ê³ ë €íë€. ê¶ê·¹ì ìŒë¡ íìë€ìŽ ê³µì°ìì ì¶êµ¬íë ìŠêž°êž°ì ê°ì¹ë 췚믞íëê°ì ìë§ì¶ìŽì ì§í¥ì í©ì¹ìíšë€. íì§ë§ ì íµì ìì ë¡ íëì êŽê°ê³Œ íšê» ìŠêž°êž° ìíŽ ì°íì íìì ë°êŸžë €ë ìëë ìœê² ë¬ì±íì§ ëª»íë€. ìë§ì¶ìŽì êŽê³ë¥Œ 맺ë ì 묞ê°ìž 볎졎íì ê·žì ìí볎졎ë²ì¹ ìì íëêž°ì€ìŒë¡ ê³ ë €íêž° ë묞ìŽë€. ë€ë§ ì°íìì ê°ì±ì ëŽìëž ííë°©ììŒë¡ 믞ìœíëë§ ë³í륌 ëíë€.
ì íµìì ëížíì íëì íì ê°ìžì ìì êŽì¬ê³Œ í¥ë¯žìì ììëë€. ê·žë¬ë ëížííëì ì§ìíë ê°ìŽë° ì íµìì ìì ì°žì¬ë ì í¬ìŽëŒë ìžìì ëìŽ íêµì 묎í묞íì ì°ì ìŽìŽê°ê³ ìë€ë ìë¶ì¬ìŒë¡ ì¹íëë€. ê·žëŠ¬ê³ ê³µì°ì íµíŽ ëíží ìžë¶ì êŽì€ìê² íšê» íìë ë©ìì§ë¥Œ 걎ëšë€. ìŽë€ì íëì íì¬ì ìì ìì 묎í묞íì ì°ì ì ì¹íê³ ìë€.I. ìë¡ 1
1. 묎í묞íì ì°ì ì ì¹ê³Œ ìì í¥ì ì ëí 묞ì ì êž° 1
2. ìŽë¡ ì 배겜 ë° ì íì°êµ¬ ê²í 5
1) 묎í묞íì ì°ì ê°ë
곌 íì©ì ëí ì°êµ¬ 5
2) 묎í묞íì ì°ê³Œ ê³µì°ìì ê°ì êŽë šì°êµ¬ 7
3) ì¬ê°ì ìì ì°žì¬ì ëí ì°êµ¬ 9
3. ì°êµ¬ê³Œì 12
1) ì°êµ¬ëì 12
2) ì°êµ¬ë°©ë² 14
II. ì°êµ¬ì§ íìì ëª
í ê°êŽ 17
1. 묞íìŽëì ì¡°ë¥ìì ìŒë° ëížíë¡ì ë³í 17
2. ëšì²Žë¥Œ ì§í±íë ìžë¶ì ì¶ 20
1) 볎졎íì êŽê°: ì 묞ê°ì ëì€ì ìŒìêŽê³ 20
2) êŽê³µìì ì§ìì ëí êž°ëì íì€ 23
3. ìë°ì±ì êž°ë°ì ë ëŽë¶ ìŽìë°©ì 27
1) ëë±í êŽê³ì ì¶êµ¬ì ì€ì 27
2) íìì ìí 곌 ìížì§ì§ 29
3) ìŒê³Œ ëìŽì íží 31
III. ëíží륌 íµí ì íµìì í¥ì ìì 36
1. ì§ì§íšì 구ì¶íë ì걎 36
1) ëíží íëì ìí ìê°ì¡°ìš 36
2) ì íµìì ì ëí ì¬ì 겜í 38
3) íìµëìì²ë¡ìì ëíží 42
4) ì§ì§í ì¬ê°ë¡ì ìŽí 46
2. ì íµìì ì íìµê³Œ íšì© 49
1) ë°ë³µì íµí êž°ëìŠì§ 49
2) ì°íì ë°ë¥ž ìêž°íí 52
3) ì 첎ì ì ì ì ì¹ì íšê³Œ 55
3. ì°ìµê³Œ ê³µì°ì ì€ë¹ 58
1) ì¹ì°¬ê³Œ ì§ì : ì°ìŽì ê°ì 58
2) êž°ëì¡°ìšê³Œ íëì íì°ì± 62
3) ìì ê°ë
ì ì¬ëª©ê³Œ ìí 66
IV. ì íµìì ì°íì ìë©Žì± 71
1. ì§ìëê³ íì©ëë ì íµ 71
1) ëë€ ì§ì ë°êž° 71
2) 묎ëíë ê³µì° 75
2. íëì§í¥ì ê²œí© 78
1) ìíêž°ì ìŠêž°êž°ì ì€ë€ëŠ¬êž° 78
2) ì íµì 묎ê²ì íëì ìíµ 82
3. ìë§ì¶ìŽ ì íµìì ê°ì 묎í묞íì ì°ì ì ì¹ 88
V. ììœ ë° ê²°ë¡ 92
ì°žê³ ë¬ží 97
Abstract 103Maste
Prevalence of Sensitization to Tyrophagus putrescentiae in Children with Allegic Diseases
Background:Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Tyr p) is known as the third most common mite following Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farina (Der f) in Korea. And it is an important allergen in allergic diseases, but there have been no reports on its sensitization rate in Korean children. The aim of this study was to evaluate its sensitization rate and the relationship between Tyr p and other parameters related to allergy.
Methods:This study included 662 allergic patients who visited the allergy clinic of Severance Childrenâs Hospital between 2005 and 2008. Patients consisted of 472 asthmatic children, 102 patients with allergic rhinitis, 59 patients with atopic dermatitis, 7 patients with chronic urticaria and 22 patients with other diseases. Skin prick tests with 32 common allergens and measurements of peripheral blood eosinophil counts, serum total IgE level and eosinophil cationic protein were performed in subjects.
Results:Of the 662 patients, 592 (89.4%) showed positive responses to more than one allergen. The number of patients sensitized to Tyr p was 129 (19.5%). The wheal size induced by Tyr p was positively related to age (r=0.102 P=0.009) as well as the wheal size induced by house dust (r=0.298 P<0.001), Der p (r=0.272, P<0.001) and Der f (r=0.272, P<0.001). The wheal size induced by Tyr p was also positively related to serum total eosinophil counts (r=0.101, P=0.015) and IgE (r=0.153, P<0.001) and number of positive skin prick test (r=0.272, P<0.001).
Conclusions:Sensitization to Tyr p is prevalent in children with allergic disease. Therefore, this result should be considered when evaluating allergic children. Further studies are needed to elucidate the clinical significance of sensitization to Tyr p.ope
Comparison of Exhaled Nitric Oxide Analyzers in Childhood Asthma
Purpose
The measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is a noticeable tool that reflects asthmatic airway inflammation. However, the eNO values might be variable according to the patient's condition and the method of measurement. The aim of this study was to compare the values of eNO measured by two different eNO analyzers in asthmatic children (Niox mino® [Aerocrine; Solna, Sweden] and CLD88® [Eco Medics; Durten, Switzerland].
Methods
One hundred four asthmatic children and 59 healthy controls were enrolled. The study participants underwent pulmonary function testing before and after inhaled bronchodilator treatment, a methacholine provocation test, and sputum induction; the eNO concentration was then measured.
Results
The value of eNO measured by Niox mino® was significantly lower than the value of eNO measured by CLD88® (30.7±25.0 vs. 38.6±29.2 ppb, P<0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.786 (P<0.001). The eNO concentration was significantly increased in asthmatic children than controls (38.4±27.9 vs. 17.2±9.0 ppb, P <0.001 by Niox mino®; 47.8±31.8 vs. 22.2±12.7 ppb, P<0.001 by CLD88®). The eNO concentration was significantly correlated with the FEV1/FVC (r=-0.382, P<0.001 [Niox mino®]; r=-0.273, P=0.001 [CLD88®], percent sputum eosinophils (r=0.257, P=0.032 [Niox mino®]; r=0.297, P=0.017 [CLD88®]), and PC20 (r=-0.333, P<0.001 [by Niox mino®] r=-0.240, P=0.003 [CLD88®]).
Conclusion
The measurement of eNO might be a supportive tool for the diagnosis of asthma in children; however, the eNO values differ according to analyzers.ope
Involvement of human histamine N-methyltransferase gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to atopic dermatitis in Korean children.
PURPOSE: Histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) catalyzes one of two major histamine metabolic pathways. Histamine is a mediator of pruritus in atopic dermatitis (AD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between HNMT polymorphisms and AD in children.
METHODS: We genotyped 763 Korean children for allelic determinants at four polymorphic sites in the HNMT gene: -465T>C, -413C>T, 314C>T, and 939A>G. Genotyping was performed using a TaqMan fluorogenic 5' nuclease assay. The functional effect of the 939A>G polymorphism was analyzed.
RESULTS: Of the 763 children, 520 had eczema and 542 had atopy. Distributions of the genotype and allele frequencies of the HNMT 314C>T polymorphism were significantly associated with non-atopic eczema (P=0.004), and those of HNMT 939A>G were significantly associated with eczema in the atopy groups (P=0.048). Frequency distributions of HNMT -465T>C and -413C>T were not associated with eczema. Subjects who were AA homozygous or AG heterozygous for 939A>G showed significantly higher immunoglobulin E levels than subjects who were GG homozygous (P=0.009). In U937 cells, the variant genotype reporter construct had significantly higher mRNA stability (P<0.001) and HNMT enzyme activity (P<0.001) than the common genotype.
CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms in HNMT appear to confer susceptibility to AD in Korean children.ope
A Case of Gluten Allergy in a 4-Year-Old Boy With Recurrent Urticaria
Wheat is the most widely cultivated grain and an important source of food and dietary protein. Wheat proteins are classified based on extraction in different solvents, which are albumin, globulin, prolamin (gliadin) and glutenin. The term `gluten` contains approximately equal amounts of gliadin and glutenin and is the major determinant of the properties of wheat flour conferring cohesiveness and viscoelasticity that allows its dough to be processed into many kinds of food. Gluten is known to be responsible for triggering celiac disease and wheat allergy. Wheat allergy is primarily an IgE-mediated response. Clinical manifestations of wheat allergy are similar to those of other food allergies, with symptoms on the skin, gut and respiratory tract. Recent studies have shown that IgE to gliadin can be an indicator for risk of severe immediate reaction-like anaphylaxis and wheat- dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA). However, current in vitro test reagents for the diagnosis of wheat allergy mainly contain water-soluble wheat protein and a small amount of gluten, so there are some limitations to diagnose gluten allergy. Furthermore, there is no acceptable method to measure gluten in food products for preparing effective gluten-free diet. To overcome these limitations and to improve quality of life of wheat allergy sufferers, more work is needed. We report a case of a 4-year-old boy with gluten allergy who presented with urticaria after ingestion kneaded wheat flour with a brief review of the literatureope
Motion Planning of Multi-Robot Systems for Manipulating Object with Static and Kinematic Constraints
íìë
Œë¬ž (ìì¬) -- ììžëíêµ ëíì : ìµí©ê³Œíêž°ì ëíì ì§ë¥ì 볎ìµí©í곌, 2021. 2. ë°ì¬í¥.ë¡ëŽìŽ 묌íì ì¡°ìíê³ ì í ë 묌íì ì ì íí곌 í ì í 조걎ì ë§ì¡±íë©° ëìíŽìŒ íë€. ëí, ë³µì ëì ë¡ëŽìŽ ëìì 묌첎륌 ì¡°ìí ë ë¡ëŽ ì¬ìŽìë 구ì ì²Žìž ì í ì¡°ê±ŽìŽ ìì±ëë€. íì§ë§ ë¡ëŽì êŽì ê° ì í곌 íìŽë¡ëì ë¶ì¡±ìŒë¡ ìžíŽ ì í 조걎ì ë§ì¡±íë ëì ê³íì ìŽë €ììŽ ì¡Žì¬íë€. 볞 ë
Œë¬žììë ìŽë¬í 묞ì 륌 íŽê²°íêž° ìí ë€ì€ ë¡ëŽ ìì€í
ì ê·žëí êž°ë° ì í ëì ê³í ìê³ ëŠ¬ìŠì ì ìíë€. 묌íì í¬ìŠê° 죌ìŽì¡ì ë C-VAE íìµ ë€ížìí¬ë¥Œ ìŽì©íì¬ ê°ë¥í íì§ì ì ëì¶íê³ êŽì ê³µê° ëŽ ëìì ìì ì§ì 곌 목í ì§ì ì ì€ì íë€. ìŽí 묌첎ì í¬ìŠë¥Œ ìíë§íê³ ìŽë¥Œ 목íë¡ íë ìꞰ구íì ê³ì°íì¬ ë¡ëŽì êŽì ê°ì ì
ë°ìŽížíì¬ ê·žëí륌 íì¥íŽ ëê°ë€. ëí, ëìì ìì곌 목í ì§ì ìŽ ëìŒí ì í 맀ëíŽëì ì¡Žì¬íì§ ìë ê²œì° ì€ê°ì 묌첎륌 ì¬íì§íë ëìì ì¶ê°íë€. ìŽë¡ìš ë¡ëŽì íëìšìŽì íê³ê° ìë ìí©ììë ì ì /Ʞ구íì ì í 조걎ì ë§ì¡±íë ëìì ê³íí ì ìë€. ìµì¢
ì ìŒë¡ ì뮬ë ìŽì
ììì êž°ì¡Ž ìê³ ëŠ¬ìŠê³Œ ì ìí ìê³ ëŠ¬ìŠì ë¹êµíê³ ìž ëì 맀ëí°ë ìŽí°ë¥Œ ìŽì©íì¬ IKEAì STEFAN ìì륌 íì íë ì€íì íµíŽ ì±ê³µì ìŒë¡ ìê³ ëŠ¬ìŠì ê²ìŠíë€.When robots try to manipulate a object, they have to satisfy static equilibrium and force constraints. Furthermore closed chain constraints are generated when multiple robots simultaneously manipulate the object. Because of the robot's joint limit and lack of its payload, constrained motion planning is still challenging problem. We propose graph-based motion planning algorithm of multi robot systems to to address these problems. First, given the pose of the object, we sample possible grasping point using the C-VAE learning network and then set start and goal node of motion using the point. Next, we extend the graph by randomly sampling the object pose and get robot joint configurations using inverse kinematics with proper initial seed. If start and goal node do not exist on the same constraint manifold, manipulators re-grasp the object, meaning that they jump from the start constraint manifold to the goal manifold. These make manipulating the object with static/kinematic constraints successful even in situations where there exist hardware limitations of the robot. Finally, we verified the algorithm by comparing with existing algorithms in simulation and conducting an real experiment using three manipulators.ì 1 ì¥. ìë¡ 1
1.1 ì°êµ¬ ëí¥ 1
1.2 ì°êµ¬ êž°ì¬ 3
1.3 ë
Œë¬ž êµ¬ì± 4
ì 2 ì¥. ì í 조걎 5
2.1 ì ì ì í 조걎 5
2.2 Ʞ구íì ì í 조걎 5
ì 3 ì¥. íì§ì ì ì 8
3.1 íì§ì ìì± 8
3.2 íì§ì ì ì 10
3.2.1 ëšìŒ í¬ìŠì ëí íì§ì ì ì 11
3.2.2 ë©í° í¬ìŠì ëí íì§ì ì ì 12
3.2.3 ì ì ì í 조걎ì ë§ì¡±íë íì§ì ì ì 15
ì 4 ì¥. Ʞ구íì ì í 조걎ì ë§ì¡±íë ëì ê³í 20
4.1 ëšìŒ 구ì ì²Žìž ëì ê³í 22
4.2 ë©í° 구ì ì²Žìž ëì ê³í 27
ì 5 ì¥. ì€í 30
5.1 ì€í í겜 30
5.2 ëšìŒ 구ì ì²Žìž ëì ê³í ì€í 31
5.3 ë©í° 구ì ì²Žìž ëì ê³í ì€í 36
ì 6 ì¥. ê²°ë¡ 39
ABSTRACT 45Maste
Validity of Local Thermal Equilibrium Assumption on Heat Transport in Porous Medium
íìë
Œë¬ž(ìì¬)--ììžëíêµ ëíì :ìì°ê³Œíëí ì§êµ¬í겜곌íë¶,2020. 2. ìŽê°ê·Œ.In many hydrogeological systems, it has been generally assumed that the temperature of solid and fluid in a porous medium reaches local thermal equilibrium almost immediately in Darcy range (Re < 3). This assumption, also known as local thermal equilibrium (LTE) assumption, however, can be gradually violated with the increase of flow velocity. Numerical and analytical approaches have been proposed to figure out the effect of local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE), but the experimental evidence about proposed models is insufficient. In this study, a total of 52 transport experiments on a sub-meter scale using both heat and solute as tracers were performed at various background flow velocities (Re < 0.37) to confirm the validity of LTE assumption under natural groundwater flow. Observed fluid EC and temperature time series data were analyzed by mathematical models and derived transport parameters were related by a retardation factor. Consequently, it was experimentally confirmed that the LTE assumption can be violated even in Darcy range and the LTNE can affect heat transport parameter estimation by up to 20 %. This study suggests that the LTE assumption need to be verified in thermogeological systems.ë§ì ì묞íì ìì€í
ìì, ë€ê³µì± ë§€ì§ ëŽ ê³ ì²Žì ì 첎 ì¬ìŽì ìšëê° ê±°ì ìŠì ìŽ ííì ìíì ëë¬íë€ê³ ìŒë°ì ìŒë¡ ê°ì íŽì€ê³ ìë€. ê·žë¬ë, êµì ìŽ íí ê°ì ìŽëŒ ìë €ì§ ìŽ ê°ì ì ì ìì ìŠê°ì ë°ëŒ ì ì§ì ìŒë¡ ìë°°ëìŽì§ ì ìë€. êµì ìŽ ë¹ííì ëí íšê³Œë¥Œ íì
íêž° ìí ì¬ë¬ ìì¹ì , íŽìì 몚ëžë€ìŽ ì ìëìŽì€ê³ ììŒë, ê·ž 몚ëžë€ì ëí ì€íì ìž ìŠê±°ë€ì ìì§ê¹ì§ ê±°ì ì ìëìŽ ì€ê³ ìì§ ìë€. 볞 ì°êµ¬ììë, ë€ë¥Žìì ì ìììì êµì ìŽ ííê°ì ì ëí ì íšì±ì íìžíêž° ìíì¬ ìŽ 52í ìŽê³Œ ì©ì§ì ì¶ì ìë¡ íë ì¶ì ì ìíì ë€ìí ì ì í겜 íìì ìííìë€. ì€í ì€ì êŽìž¡ë ECì ìšëì ìê³ìŽ ìë£ë ìíì 몚ëžë€ì íµíŽ ë¶ìëììŒë©°, ê·žë¡ ìžíŽ ì»ìŽì§ ë³ìë€ì ì§ì°ê³ìë¡ ìë¡ ë¹êµíìë€. ê·ž 결곌, ë€ë¥Žìì ì ìììë êµì ìŽ íí ê°ì ìŽ ìë°°ëìŽì§ ì ììŒë©°, ê·žì ìí ìí¥ìŽ ìŽ ìëì ì¶ì ì 20 % ê¹ì§ ìí¥ì ì€ ì ììì íìžíìë€. ìŽ ì°êµ¬ë êµì ìŽ ííê°ì ìŽ ì묞ì§ì§íì ìì€í
ìì ìŽì ê±°ëì íŽìí ë ê²ìŠë íìê° ììì ìì¬íë€.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Research Background 1
1.2 Objectives and Scope 4
2 METHODOLOGY 5
2.1 Laboratory Tracer Experiments 5
2.1.1. Experimental setup 5
2.2.2. Laboratory tracer experiments: using two different sources 19
2.1.3. Physical properties of the porous medium 22
2.2 Estimates of Transport Parameters 28
2.2.1. Solute and heat transport in a porous medium 28
2.2.2. The validity of LTE assumption: Retardation factor 34
2.2.3. Solute transport parameters estimation 36
2.2.4. Heat transport parameters estimation 39
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 41
3.1 Fitting Results 41
3.2 Solute and Heat Transport 46
3.2.1. Tracer front velocities 47
3.2.2. Tracer dispersion coefficients 52
3.3 Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium 63
4 CONCLUSION 69
5 REFERENCE 71Maste
Chloroesterification of enynes catalyzed by NHC Rhodium compounds
Thesis(master`s)--ììžëíêµ ëíì :ííë¶ ë¬Žêž°ííì ê³µ,2007.Maste
Cyclin D1 expression for risk assessment of malignant transformation in oral precancerous lesions
ì¹ìí곌/ìì¬[íêž]ì ì ë³ìì ìë°ì ìíë륌 ììž¡íë ê²ì ìì ìë°© ë° ì¡°êž° ì¹ë£ì ë§€ì° ì€ìíë€. ìŽë¬í ììž¡ ìžìë€ ì€ìë ìíŒ ìŽíì± ì ëê° ê°ì¥ ì 뢰í ë§íë€ê³ ìë €ì ž ììŒë, ìŽíì± íëšì 죌êŽì ìž ìž¡ë©ŽìŒë¡ ìžíŽ, ì¢ ë ê°êŽì ìŽê³ ì¬í ê°ë¥í ìžì륌 ì°ŸìëŽêž° ìí ë
žë ¥ë€ìŽ ì§íëê³ ìë€. ì ìë ìŽë¬í ì묌íì íì§ì ì€ ëê²œë¶ ìììì ì¢
ìì ìíì ì°êŽì±ìŽ ëë€ê³ ìë €ì§ Cyclin D1 ëšë°±ì ë°í ì ëê° êµ¬ê° ì ì ë³ìì ìë°ì ìíë ììž¡ì ì ìí ì§ë¥Œ ììë³Žê³ ì íìë€. ì°ìžëíêµ ì¹ê³Œëí ë¶ìë³ììì ë°±ë°ìŠìŒë¡ ì§ëšë°ê³ 2ë
ìŽì ì¶ì êŽì°°í íì 35ì륌 ëììŒë¡ ìì¢
ìŒë¡ ì§ííì§ ìì 25ìì ìì¢
ìŒë¡ ì§íí 10ì륌 구ë¶íì¬, Cyclin D1ì ë°í ë° ììì , ë³ëŠ¬ ì¡°ì§íì 결곌륌 ë¹êµ ë¶ìíì¬ ë€ì곌 ê°ì 결곌륌 ì»ìë€.
1. Cyclin D1 ë°íì ìì¢
ìŒë¡ ìŽííì§ ìì ë°±ë°ìŠì ê²œì° 20%(5/25)ê° ìì± ë°ìì 볎ììŒë©°, ìì¢
ìŒë¡ ìŽíí ê²œì° 80%(8/10)ê° ìì± ë°ìì 볎ì¬, ìì¢
ìŒë¡ ìŽíí êµ°ìì íì í ëì ë°í ë¹ë륌 볎ìë€.
2. Cyclin D1 ë°íì ìŽíì±ìŽ ìë ê²œì° 50%(11/22)ìì ìì± ë°ìì ë³Žìž ë°ë©Ž, ìŽíì±ìŽ ìë 겜ì°ë 15%(2/13)ìì ìì± ë°ìì ë³Žì¬ ìŽíì±ìŽ ìë 겜ì°ì ë°í ë¹ëê° ëìë€.
3. ë³ëŠ¬ ì¡°ì§íì ë¶ì 결곌 ìíŒ ìŽíì±ìŽ ìë ê²œì° 46%(10/22)ê° ì
ì± ì ííìë€. ìŽ ì€ìì 겜ëì ìŽíì±ìž 겜ì°ë 20%, ì€ë±ë ìŽìì ìŽíì±ìž 겜ì°ë 100%ê° ì
ì± ì íì íì¬, ìŽíì± ì ëê° ìë°ì ìíë ììž¡ì ì 뢰ì±ìŽ ëì ìžììì íìží ì ìë€.
4. ìì ê³ ì°° 결곌 ì¬ì±ìŽ ëšì±ë³Žë€ ì
ì± ì íìšìŽ ëììŒë©°, ë°ì ë¶ìë¡ë íì ì
ì± ì íìšìŽ ëìë€.
ìŽìì ê²°ê³Œë¡ ì ì ë³ìì ìë°ì ìíë륌 ììž¡íë ìžìë¡ì Cyclin D1ì ë°íì ì ìì±ìŽ ìë€ê³ ìê°ëë©°, ë³ëŠ¬ ì¡°ì§íì ìŽíì± ì ë ëí ì 뢰ì±ìŽ ëì ììž¡ìžì ìì íìžíìë€.
[ì묞]The early detection of precancerous lesions potentially progressing to malignant tumors is critically important to reduce cancer incidence. Epithelial dysplasia has been considered as a reliable histologic hallmark to define premalignant lesions. But the subjectivity of evaluating the degree of epithelial dysplasia and the fact that the degree of epithelial dysplasia may not directly correlate to the rate of malignant transformation, make it more complicated to predict the risk of malignant transformation of precancerous lesions.
This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of Cyclin D1 expression as a predictable biomarker in oral leukoplakia with and without malignant transformation. This study used 25 cases of oral leukoplakia without malignant transformation and 10 cases with malignant transformation, which were examined at the Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry and were clinically follwed up more than 2 years. Monoclonal Cyclin D1 antibody was applied for immunohistochemical study.
The results were as follows :
1. Cyclin D1 expression was shown in 5 out of 25 cases(20%) of the leukoplakia without malignant transformation, and 8 out of 10 cases(80%) of leukoplakia transformed to squamous cell carcinoma.
2. Cyclin D1 was detected in 11 out of 22 cases(50%) showing epithelial dysplasia, while only 2 out of 13 cases(15%) without epithelial dysplasia showed Cyclin D1 expression.
3. Malignant transformation occurred in 10 out of 22 cases with epithelial dysplasia. 20% of mild epithelial dysplasia and all of moderate to severe epithelial dysplasia were transformed to squamous cell carcimoma.
4. There was female prevalence of malignant transformation, and the most frequent site of malignant transformation was tongue.
These results suggest that Cyclin D1 expression appeared to be a predictable biomarker assessing the risk of malignant transformation in oral precancerous lesions.ope
Usefulness of DeltaFEV0.75 and DeltaFEV0.5 for Airway Reversibility in Preschoolers with Asthma.
PURPOSE: Preschoolers complete forced expiration in a short time, sometimes more quickly than in 1 second, and therefore the importance of forced expiatory volume in 0.75 seconds (FEV0.75) or forced expiatory volume in 0.5 seconds (FEV0.5) has been raised. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical usefulness of DeltaFEV0.75 and DeltaFEV0.5. METHODS: We analyzed 401 subjects of an asthma group, and 150 subjects of a control group under 7 years of age. RESULTS: DeltaFEV1, DeltaFEV0.75 and DeltaFEV0.5 values of the asthma group were significantly higher than those of the control group, respectively (P or =12%. Cutoff values for asthma were 8.6% in DeltaFEV1, 7.9% in DeltaFEV0.75 and 14.2% in DeltaFEV0.5. DeltaFEV0.75 (0.91; 0.88 to 0.94) showed significantly higher area under curve (AUC) than DeltaFEV0.5 (0.77; 0.73 to 0.82) when stratified by 12%, in predicting airway reversibility defined as DeltaFEV1> or =12%. Cutoff values were 12.3% in DeltaFEV0.75, and 13.4% in DeltaFEV0.5. When airway reversibility is defined as DeltaFEV1> or =8.6%, DeltaFEV0.75 (0.90; 0.87 to 0.92) also showed significantly higher AUC than DeltaFEV0.5 (0.79; 0.75 to 0.82), and Cutoff values were 8.4% in DeltaFEV0.75, and 11.3% in DeltaFEV0.5. CONCLUSION: DeltaFEV0.75 or DeltaFEV0.5 can be a means to replace DeltaFEV1 for diagnosis of asthma and assessment of airway reversibility in preschool children.ope